Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing 86 Series Editors Wil van der Aalst Eindhoven Technical University, The Netherlands John Mylopoulos University of Trento, Italy Michael Rosemann Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Michael J. Shaw University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA Clemens Szyperski Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA
Hannu Salmela Anna Sell (Eds.) Nordic Contributions in IS Research Second Scandinavian Conference on Information Systems, SCIS 2011 Turku, Finland, August 16-19, 2011 Proceedings 13
Volume Editors Hannu Salmela University of Turku School of Economics Department of Management Rehtorinpellonkatu 3 0500 Turku, Finland E-mail: hannu.salmela@utu.fi Anna Sell Åbo Akademi University Department of Information Technologies / IAMSR Joukahainengatan 3-5 A 20520 Åbo, Finland E-mail: anna.sell@abo.fi ISSN 1865-1348 e-issn 1865-1356 ISBN 978-3-642-22765-3 e-isbn 978-3-642-22766-0 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-22766-0 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011932689 ACM Computing Classification (1998): J.1, H.4.1, H.3.5, K.6, D.2 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface ICT of Culture Culture of ICT During the 21st century our society, culture and personal lives will be deeply influenced by advances in information and communication technology. Social media and social virtual worlds have already started transforming individuals from passive information consumers to active creators and distributors of information, knowledge and arts. We can already play with the idea that our technological capability will enable us to digitize everything that anyone has ever said and store it on Internet servers. How does all this affect our society and culture? How should the media industry and other companies capitalize on the new empowered consumer? How does this transformation change our concept of the welfare society? This transformation will also affect the culture of the IS profession. IT is not created in a vacuum or designed somewhere outside our society. The new applications of ICT are increasingly a product of the surrounding society and culture. Furthermore, the cultural context where the IS development takes place is becoming increasingly diverse. Implementation of applications and practices of their use takes place in groups that involve members from different national, organizational and professional sub-cultures. The development is increasingly driven by professionals from other fields and even by consumers. How can we manage and take advantage of this cultural diversity in our development teams? What are the challenges that different cultural backgrounds create in the teams that plan, design and implement new applications? Scandinavian researchers are well positioned to study the cultural impacts of the new technologies. Scandinavian countries are among the first ones to adopt the latest information technologies. In some areas we have been clearly leading the technological development. But the globalization of customer industries and the relatively high cost of labor have meant that the IS industry in Scandinavia has also been transformed into a globally networked and culturally diverse industry. To promote discussion between authors of research papers and keynote speeches, SCIS 2011 invited contributions that address the cultural impact of the latest technologies, i.e., social software and intelligent data retrieval systems. We also welcomed papers that address cross-cultural issues in the IS profession itself. The resulting mix of papers in the proceedings also reflects these issues.
VI Preface The keynote speech by Robert Picard opened the discussion on the cultural impacts of the latest technology with the title Strategic Uses of Social Media for Businesses. The business use of social media is addressed in papers that investigate the role of virtual worlds in the evolution of a co-creation design culture (Molka-Danielsen) and in an empirical paper that addresses how globally distributed Danish and Indian engineers co-construct and reconfigure a shared socio-technical collaborative space (Bjørn). Papers also present empirical research material on the reasons for continuous use of social media among teenagers (Mäntymäki), and difficulties that students have experienced in exchanging socio-emotional aspects and in developing shared concepts when using multilingual communication systems (Yasuoka and Bjørn). A lazy-user model is proposed as an alternative to the traditional acceptance models in explaining users adoption of the latest technologies (Collan and Tétard). The theme of intelligent data retrieval is addressed in two papers, which investigate the consequences of increasing amounts of information to consumers and decision makers. Observations in an oil and gas company suggest that even if such systems enable decision makers to retrieve and combine information from multiple sources, providing proof that the information is correct and can be used as a basis of actions remains a challenge (Hjelle and Monteiro). In health care it is predicted that the use of intelligent health systems by consumers rather than health care professionals may fundamentally change the practices in the entire health service system (Lahtiranta). The third theme, cultural changes in the IS profession, was opened with a keynote speech by Robert Galliers with the title Paradox Regained: Information Systems in the Age of Globality. Research papers address cross-cultural issues between different organizations, between business and IS professions and between national cultures. One of the papers conceptualizes and describes the IOS planning practices of three multinational manufacturing companies (Mäkipää). Observations collected from a Swedish bank suggest that maintenance organizations should be able to link business solutions and IT solutions, thus leading to new roles for both business users and IS personnel (Nordström, Axelsson and Melin). Finally, a literature review summarizes prior research results on the role that cultural differences play in different phases of IT offshoring (Lin). As the Scandinavian Conference on Information Systems is a young conference, organized now for the second time, the concept is still far from mature. The conference already has a high-quality conference board. The response from the senior IS researchers in Scandinavia to participate in the conference board was very positive, committed and supportive. The quality of review statements in many cases was comparable to any conference in the field of information systems. Further work is, however, clearly needed in making the conference more attractive to potential authors. The total number of submissions was only 17, which is clearly too small for any conference. Although SCIS will have to consider very carefully its target groups, it seems likely that at least in the beginning SCIS will be dependent on submissions from Scandinavia. SCIS should become
Preface VII a place for Scandinavian IS scholars to receive high-quality review comments for manuscripts that they aim to submit later to a journal. We thank all the authors not only those whose paper was accepted for submitting their contributions. We would also like to thank the reviewers for their excellent efforts. The idea of culture as a theme for the SCIS 2011 came from the conference venue Turku is the cultural capital of Europe in the year 2011. We hope that the SCIS/IRIS conference will become an enjoyable and memorable cultural event for all conference participants. June 2011 Hannu Salmela
Organization Program Chairs Hannu Salmela Mikko Ruohonen Christer Carlsson University of Turku, Finland University of Tampere, Finland Åbo Akademi, Finland SCIS 2011 Committee Karin Axelsson, Sweden Jacob Bardram, Denmark Birgitta Bergvall-Kåreborn, Sweden Pernille Bertelsen, Denmark Pernille Bjørn Rasmussen, Denmark Claus Bossen, Denmark Tone Bratteteig, Norway Mikael Collan, Finland Jan Damsgaard, Denmark Gunnar Ellingsen, Norway Kim Halskov, Denmark Erling Havn, Denmark Karin Hedström, Sweden Ola Henfridsson, Sweden Jonny Holmström,Sweden Helena Holmström Olsson, Sweden Pertti Järvinen, Finland Anne Marie Kastrup, Denmark Fredrik Karlsson, Sweden Finn Kensing, Denmark Erkki Koponen, Finland Pernille Kræmmergaard, Denmark John Krogstie, Norway Mogens Kühn Pedersen, Denmark Katarina Lindblad-Gidlund, Sweden Jan Ljungberg, Sweden Kalle Lyytinen, Finland Lars Mathiassen, Denmark Ulf Melin, Sweden Anita Mirijamdotter, Sweden Preben Mogensen, Denmark Judith Molka-Danielsen, Norway Eric Monteiro, Norway Bjørn Erik Munkvold, Norway Jacob Nørberg, Denmark Samuli Pekkola, Finland Anne Persson, Sweden Tero Päivärinta, Finland Tapio Reponen, Finland MattiRossi,Finland Jesper Simonsen, Denmark Erik Stolterman, Denmark Lars Svensson, Sweden Carsten Sørensen, Denmark Bjørnar Tessem, Norway Virpi Tuunainen, Finland Pirkko Walden, Finland Liisa von Hellens, Finland Pär Ågerfalk, Sweden
Table of Contents Keynote Presentation Abstracts Strategic Uses of Social Media for Businesses... 1 Robert G. Picard Paradox Regained: Information Systems in the Age of Globality... 2 Robert D. Galliers Research Papers Exploring the Role of Virtual Worlds in the Evolution of a Co-creation Design Culture... 3 Judith Molka-Danielsen Co-constructing Globally Collaborative Spaces: A Conceptual Study of War Room Meetings as Spaces with Placed-Based Activities... 16 Pernille Bjørn Why Teens Purchase Virtual Products and Services in Social Virtual Worlds?... 29 Matti Mäntymäki Difficulties in Establishing Local Language in Machine-Translated Mediated Communication... 41 Mika Yasuoka and Pernille Bjørn Lazy User Model: Solution Selection and Discussion about Switching Costs... 56 Mikael Collan and Franck Tétard Tactics for Producing Actionable Information... 69 Torstein E.L. Hjelle and Eric Monteiro Changing Nature of Best Practices in ehealth... 84 Janne Lahtiranta Planning for Inter-Organizational Information Systems in Practice... 98 Marko Mäkipää
XII Table of Contents Exploring the Characteristics of Information Systems Maintenance Defining Focus and Content through Objects... 112 Malin Nordström, Karin Axelsson, and Ulf Melin Investigating Culture in IT Offshoring: A Literature Review... 124 Tingting Lin Author Index... 139