TM Canadian wood products and advanced building systems revolution or evolution? Chris Gaston, PhD FRST 100 Fall 2017 Overview Canadian fibre supply land base, production and trade End-use markets Lumber, wood based panels and engineered wood products / composites Residential, R&R, non-residential and industrial Bio-energy and bio-chemicals The renaissance of our industry! Product and system evolution / revolution The Green Economy (?) 2 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 1
Overview of the Canadian forest sector 3 Forests of Canada 396.4 M hectares 166.2 M certified 37.3 M national parks 2016 (hectares): 0.78 M harvest (153 M m 3 ) 17.6 M lost to insects 1.4 M lost to fires 67% coniferous, 16% mixed wood and 11% hardwood 94% publicly owned 30% of the world s boreal forest Source: The State of Canada s Forests, 2016 Annual Report 4 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 2
Forests of Canada Source: BC Archives 5 Forest industry in Canada key facts Forest Sector Revenues (2014) Forestry and logging $ 9.3 Billion Pulp & paper $24.5 Wood products $26.5 $60.3 Contribution to GDP: $20.3 Billion Balance of Trade (2015): $22 Billion Average Wage per Employee (2011): $52,673 16% above the national average Jobs (2015): 296,691 Jobs (2013): 361,564 Research and development (2011) Wood Products Manufacturing: $95 Million Pulp and Paper: $56 Forestry and Logging: $ 6 Source: FPAC; The State of Canada s Forests, 2016 Annual Report 6 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 3
Structural changes in (or affecting) supply US housing collapse Drop in newsprint consumption Rise in lower grade demand (China, bioenergy) Rise in CDN $ value against US currency Annual allowable cut drops Recently Ontario and Quebec; pending in BC with the MPB) Increasing fiber costs Decreasing fiber quality Increasing natural disturbances 7 8 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 4
9 Wood supply cost in Canada Source: Wood Resources International, February 2007 10 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 5
Global fibre supply changes Source: Pöyry 11 Canada forest products exports Source: Global Trade Atlas 12 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 6
BC / rest of Canada lumber production Source: Statistics Canada 13 Canada lumber exports Source: Global Trade Atlas 14 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 7
Canada lumber exports Source: Global Trade Atlas 15 Stick-built platform frame construction The average cost of rough framing, sheathing, soffit, and door / window installation is as low as $8 per sq. ft. ($16,000 for a 2,000 sq. ft. home) 16 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 8
U.S. housing starts Source: US Bureau of the Census 17 Pre-fab platform frame construction 18 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 9
Move to 6-story multi-family Library Square, Kamloops, BC, 2010 Source: WoodWorks 19 Move to 6-story multi-family Testing of 6-storey 2x4 construction in Japan Source: FPInnovations 20 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 10
Move to 6-story multi-family Residential, University of BC Source: Adera, Vancouver, BC 21 Six story hybrid wood-concrete Quebec, QC 2010 Source: FPI, Quebec 22 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 11
Six story hybrid wood-concrete Concrete cores/walls to resist lateral loads Glulam post & beam Source: FPI, Quebec + Three levels of parking (concrete) 23 Five story hybrid wood-concrete Earth Sciences Building, UBC Source: Perkins + Will 24 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 12
Five story hybrid wood-concrete Earth Sciences Building, UBC Source: Perkins + Will 25 Consumer reaction to Canadian softwoods Source: FPInnovations 26 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 13
Tall Buildings Wood Innovation Design Centre, Prince George, BC Source: Michael Green Architecture 27 Tall buildings We are in a unique moment in architectural and building engineering history when shifting world needs has asked us to question some of the fundamentals of how we have built for the last century and how we will build in the next. Michael Green Source: Michael Green Architecture 28 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 14
Tall wood structures 18-story student residence at UBC (expected completion Fall, 2017) Source: https://www.naturallywood.com 29 Tall wood structures UBC Brock Commons (18-story student residence) Source: https://www.naturallywood.com 30 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 15
Wood Works design awards Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/wda/recipients/ 31 Wood Works design awards Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/wda/recipients/ 32 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 16
Wood Works design awards Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/wda/recipients/ 33 Glulam Source: Chantiers Chibougamau 34 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 17
Glulam Source: Nordic, Structurlam, Western Archrib 35 Parallel and laminated strand lumber (PSL. LSL) Source: FPInnovations, Weyerhaeuser 36 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 18
Cross laminated timber Source: FPInnovations 37 Cross laminated timber Source: KLH 38 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 19
Cross laminated timber 9-Storey building, London, UK 8-Storey buildings, Växjö, Sweden Source: KLH 39 Cross laminated timber Source: KLH 40 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 20
Kobe-level seismic test Source: FPInnovations 41 Brock Commons Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghtdny_gnme 42 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 21
Treated lumber Source: US Borax 43 Thermally modified wood Source: ThermoWood 44 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 22
Chemically modified (acetylated) wood Source: Accsys Technologies 45 Non-structural composites Source: Trex 46 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 23
Extruded wood plastic 47 Dascanova Source: https://www.dascanova.com/en/home.html 48 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 24
Wood fibre insulation Steico, Actis, Pavatex, Gutex and others Source: http://www.gutex.de/en/products/installation_and_product_information/# 49 Bio-plastics 50 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 25
Biodiesel 51 Biochemicals / bioproducts Source: FPInnovations 52 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 26
Star Trek replicator 53 3-D printing Source: http://www.technewsworld.com/story/83035.html 54 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 27
3-D printing Source: http://www.collective-evolution.com/2014/02/22/scientists-develop-giant-3d-printerthat-can-build-a-house-in-24-hours/ 55 3-D printing Source: http://www.collective-evolution.com/2014/02/22/scientists-develop-giant-3d-printerthat-can-build-a-house-in-24-hours/ 56 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 28
4-D printing. the addition of time Source: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/ 57 The 4th industrial revolution! Source: https://www.simfactory.io/news/what-is-industry-4-0-and-how-did-we-get-here/ 58 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 29
The ultimate goal Petroleum End-uses Revenues 26% 15% 4% 70% 42% 43% Transportation Fuels Chemicals, Plastics, Rubber Other Fuels and Products Source: T. Werpy, 2009 BioWorld Conference (Modified by Tom Brown) 59 Economic, environmental and social 60 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 30
Questions? Chris Gaston chris.gaston@ubc.ca chris.gaston@fpinnovations.ca +1 604 827 1417 61 Gaston FRST 100 Fall 2017 31