Chart 1 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 The German National Project ICONAV M. Schnell 1, U. Epple 1, D. Shutin 1, N. Schneckenburger 1, Thomas Bögl 2 1) German Aerospace Center (DLR) 2) Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Chart 2 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 What is ICONAV? ICONAV = Integrated COmmunication and NAVigation functionality for sustainable L-band use Basis: LDACS1 Additional features HW implementation Navigation interface Interface implementation DLR project LDACS-NAV
Chart 3 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Outline LDACS1 System Overview LDACS1 Extension Towards Navigation (LDACS-NAV) The ICONAV Project Conclusions and Future Work
Chart 4 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 LDACS1 System Overview Main System Characteristics - L-band Digital Aeronautical Communication System, Type 1 - One of two proposals for the future A/G communications link - LDACS1 is a broadband system based on OFDM (4G technology) - LDACS2 is a narrowband, single-carrier system (2G technology) - Possibility for inlay system between DME channels - Centralized communication via ground station - Cellular deployment concept - Duplex scheme is FDD - Multiple-access schemes GS - Forward link: pure OFDM - Reverse link: OFDMA combined with TDMA - LDACS1 supports data and voice communication
Chart 6 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 LDACS1 System Overview Inlay Concept - Preferred deployment scenario LDACS1 as inlay system for L-band - OFDM as used within LDACS1 is well-suited for inlay approach - 500 khz per LDACS1 FL/RL channel DME - Minimize interference to and mitigate interference from other systems - Compatibility testing with DLR lab demonstrator - First tests @ DFS labs are very promising - Additional tests @ DFS labs during SESAR P15.2.4 - European wide cell planning considering DME interference onto LDACS1 - Cells can cover twice the expected 2020 traffic - Only half of available channels required Huge potential - Lowest data rate considered (robustness) for future growth L-DACS1
Chart 7 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 LDACS1 System Overview LDACS1 Potentials - LDACS1 enables high-capacity aeronautical communications - Min. net data rate (FL+RL=overall): 291+270 = 561 kbit/s - Max. net data rate (FL+RL=overall): 1.32+1.27 = 2.59 Mbit/s - Well suited to serve modern ATM application and future needs - Comparison with LDACS2 (overall): 115 kbit/s (70 kbit/s) - LDACS1 foresees quality-of-service - Fast access to resources, both forward and reverse link - Low delays for application - Different priorities for different applications - Highly flexible solution with Long-term Evolution capability of LDACS1 - Like LTE, extension towards higher performance - Scalability of physical layer design (OFDM) - Integration of navigation functionality into LDACS1
Chart 8 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Extension Towards Navigation Basic Concept DLR Project LDACS-NAV - The LDACS1 communication system is a cellular network - Ground stations (GS) are separated in frequency - GS are synchronized to each other GS3 GS4 GS1 GNSS Backup (APNT) GS2 Continuously transmitting LDACS1 ground stations act as pseudolites
Chart 9 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Extension Towards Navigation Performance Bounds on Ranging With LDACS1 10 4 Schmidl-Cox Synchronization Freq. Domain: Synchronization Symbols Time Domain: Synchronization Symbols CRLB: Synchronization Symbols Mean Range Error [m] 10 3 10 2 10 1 ~4.1 m ~230 m 10 0 ~4.1 m 0 5 10 15 20 25 Carrier to Noise Ratio [db]
Chart 10 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Extension Towards Navigation Flight Measurement Campaign Elevation [m] 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Flight Time [min] Power Distance, km from/to B C D LDACS D LDACS C LDACS B LDACS A <960MHz 962MHz 965MHz 975MHz f A 60 50 30 B 30 28 C 43
Chart 11 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Extension Towards Navigation Ranging Results for Station A 24 Estimated Range 22 Range, km 20 18 16 Estimated range Filtered estimate Interpolated GPS range GPS range measurement 210930 210960 14 210870 210900 GPS seconds Flight Segment
Chart 12 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Extension Towards Navigation Ranging Results for Station A Zoom-in 16400 Estimated Range (Zoom-in) 16350 16300 16250 Range, meters 16200 16150 16100 16050 16000 Estimated range Filtered estimate 15950 Interpolated GPS range GPS range measurement 210896,7 210897,7 210898,7 210899,7 GPS seconds
Chart 13 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Extension Towards Navigation Ranging Results for Station A Error Distribution Filtered OFDM ranges Snapshot length: 80s Traveled distance: 9 km 6000 99,3% Ranging performance: σ = 10 m µ = 4.1 m Counts 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0-40 -30-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 Range error, meters
Chart 14 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 The ICONAV Project Project Facts - German national project co-funded by Ministry of Economy - Time frame: Jan 2012 March 2015 - Project Partners - Rohde & Schwarz (project lead, HW implementation, frontend design) - Rohde & Schwarz SIT (R&S subsidiary, security branch) - German Aerospace Center (DLR, knowledge transfer) - University Passau (Institute of IT-Security and Security Law) - iad GmbH (SME, HW implementation) - BPS GmbH (SME, RF frontend design) - Strong relation to DLR internal project LDACS-NAV
Chart 15 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 The ICONAV Project Project Goals - Transfer LDACS1 knowledge (research, specification) into industry - Optimize existing LDACS1 specification with respect to performance and industry requirements - Supplement LDACS1 with additional features, e.g. data security - Adjust LDACS1 specification to enable integration of navigation services (interface to navigation functionality) - Develop and implement an industrial LDACS1 HW demonstrator
Chart 16 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 The ICONAV Project Hardware Implementation - Reuse existing R&S Waveform Development Environment (WFDE) - WFDE Digital Unit: FPGA based baseband processing - WFDE Transceiver Unit: New development for L-band - Transceiver unit - details: - Full duplex transceiver - Forward link 960-1009 MHz - Reverse link 1048-1164 MHz - Transmit power 500 W (peak) - Optimization for protection against interference, robust receiver - Optimization for protection of other systems, low-noise transmitter
Chart 17 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 The ICONAV Project Hardware Implementation WFDE Digital Unit
Chart 18 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 The ICONAV Project Current Status ICONAV and LDACS-NAV ICONAV Project - Knowledge transfer almost finalized - Optimize specification almost finalized - Data security concept ongoing - Interface to navigation functionality ongoing - Demonstrator development ongoing LDACS-NAV Project - Prepare flight measurements finalized - Perform measurement campaign finalized - Evaluation of results ongoing - Develop integrity concept ongoing
Chart 19 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Conclusions - Combining communications with a navigation functionality in LDACS1 enables sustainable use of aeronautical L-band spectrum - LDACS1 is well-suited to serve modern ATM application and future needs - The German national project ICONAV is a big step towards industrialization of LDACS1 for combined Com/Nav functionality - First results of the flight measurement campaign within the LDACS-NAV project are very promising - Intensive exchange of results between the two projects
Chart 20 ICNS Conference > The German National Project ICONAV > 23.04.2013 Thank You!