PHOTO 11: INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL IMAGING Instructor: Sue Leith Exam Review On your camera, what are the following and what are they used for? WB matches the color temperature of light ISO - The sensitivity of camera sensor or film to light. Higher numbers require less light but may result in noise or digital grain. Lower numbers require more light and give a higher quality image. Use the lowest number that s practical for your available lighting. Histogram A map or graph of all the pixels in your image. There are no good or bad histograms. There are good or bad histograms for specific images. A white subject, for example, should have most of the pixels on the right side of the histogram. Where, in Photoshop or Bridge would you go to make a contact sheet? Bridge > Tools > Photoshop > Contact Sheet Photoshop > File > Automate > Contact Sheet Where would you look to find the shortcut for a command? Next to the command in the menu bar or hovering your mouse over a tool. Where is the measure tool located? What is this tool used for? Under the eyedropper. It is used to straighten images with Image > Rotate Canvas > Arbitrary. If your layers, or any other palette is not visible, how can you find it to make it visible? Window > then click on the name of the palette you need. You can easily see the contents of a folder as a slide show in? Bridge Command L You can easily change the thumbnail size of the images in? Bridge slider on the bottom right of the image window Feathering is better done before or after making a selection? Explain. Always after, if you do it before your selection may not be accurate.
You should always or never check the anti-alias box in the options bar? Explain. Always, it helps get rid of the jagged look of pixels. Name 2 ways to modify a selection after it has been made. Select > Transform Selection Select > Modify > Expand, contract etc How do you save a selection? What is it saved as and where (in what palette)? If you save and close the document will your selection still be there when the document is re-opened? Select > Save Selection. It will be saved as a channel in the channels palette. Yes it will be there after saving, closing and reopening the document. Where can you take a snapshot of a particular time in the life of your image? If you save and close the document will it be there when the document is re-opened? History palette, no it will not be there after closing then re-opening an image. What is Quick Mask used for? Making selections using painting tools. It s in the bottom of the toolbox just below the color picker boxes. If you want your selection to remain active, but don t want to see the marching ants, what shortcut could you use to hide them? Command H What do the magic wand and magic eraser have in common? They both work by using tolerance. Tolerance is based on color, the higher the tolerance the more color will be selected with the magic wand or deleted with the magic eraser. How do they (magic wand and magic eraser) differ? Magic wand selects, magic eraser deletes Name 3 differences between a background layer and a regular layer (things that can be done or not done on one or the other). Background layers cannot be moved up or down in layer palette, cannot have their opacity changed, cannot be transformed, eraser paints on background layers instead of erasing. If you want to do these things to a background layer, change it to a regular layer first.
By default, adjustment layers affect all layers below them. Can you change this and make them affect just one layer below them or one layer above them? If so, how? Yes. Hold down the option key and click between layers to link them. This will make the adjustment layer affect just the one layer it s linked to. You can also hold down option before selecting an adj. layer, then check the box Use previous layer to create clipping mask. You cannot make an adjustment layer affect the layer above them. Name 2 tools used to correct perspective in an image. Crop, Measure tools. How do you drag a layer from one image to another? Click and drag the layer from the layers palette in the original image to the new image. This can be done with a selection too, using the move tool. Can you drag two layers from one document to another at the same time? If so, how? Yes, select one layer then hold down command and click any other layers you want to drag. Grab the move tool and drag them to the new image. You can also click on one layer and hold shift key. Then click on another layer and all the layers in between will be selected. What is the difference between the command, Edit > Free Transform and the command, Select > Transform? Be specific. Transform changes/resamples the pixels, select > transform only transforms the selection (marching ants) and does not affect pixels. If you want to poke a hole in a layer to allow parts of the layer below to be visible, without erasing any pixels you would need to with on a layer mask. Paint with black What adjustment layer can be used to make a custom black and white image from a color image? Black & White Painting with gray on a mask allows you to see what? Some, not all, of the layer below. When hand-coloring a grayscale image, first change the mode from grayscale to, then paint with any color you want on a/an layer set to color, overlay, or multiply as a blend mode. RGB, on a blank empty
In what palette can you change the blend mode of a regular layer? In what palette can you change the blend mode of a background layer? Change the blend mode in the top of the layers palette. You cannot change the blend mode of a background layer. You can change the background layer into a regular layer, then change the blend mode. What can you do to change your background layer and make it behave like a regular layer? Double click it and change the name turns it into a regular layer. Which adjustment layer should you use to make your image look sepia toned? Black and White and/or Hue/Saturation adj. layer will both make a sepia toned image. To use the healing brush, you must first target an area to sample. What key on your keyboard must you hold to target this sample? Option When retouching, it is best to use a different layer (than the background) for things you are going to fade. Why? So you can lower the opacity allowing some of the original to show through. Gives you more control. To copy a selection to a new layer, use the shortcut, Command? Command J. You want to change the size of your document, literally throw away some pixels to make it smaller and email a copy to someone, should you check or uncheck the resample box in the image size dialog box? Explain. Check resample. If it s unchecked you are not changing the size of the image, just the size of the pixels. When resampling a photograph the best method is Bicubic, Bilinear or Nearest Neighbor? Bicubic Name the 5 things that affect file size. Mode, Bit Depth, Layers and other things you do to the image, Print size, Resolution. What does lossy mean when relating to file format, and which of the following is considered a lossy file format,.jpg,.tif, and/or.psd? Lossy means you are literally losing pixels. When compressing an image you are losing information and degrading the image. JPG is a lossy format..tip,.psd ar not lossy they are lossless and do not degrade the image.
Are there any advantages to saving your photograph using a lossy file format? Yes, it s smaller, easier to open by anyone with a computer do not have to have specific programs to open images. Why is it sometimes better to use a gradient, rather than painting on a mask? Gradients give you smoother transitions. Can you use a colorful gradient on a mask? Explain. No, masks don t support any color at all. Ever. Can you edit your type after rasterizing and liquifying it? Explain. No. Once rasterized Photoshop does not consider it type anymore and it not editable. Tolerance is important with both the magic eraser and magic wand. What does it control? How much color is affected. To dodge and burn large areas, when the dodge and burn tools don t do a good job, use a blank empty layer set to blend mode? Then, to burn paint with. and to dodge, paint with. Blend mode: Soft light. To burn paint with black, to dodge paint with white You are working on a blank empty layer set to a saturation blend mode. To saturate areas of your photograph, paint with, Instead, to desaturate paint with. To saturate paint with any color. To desaturate paint with either black or white. The shortcut for scrolling through blend modes works if you choose the move tool and hold down the key while hitting the or keys. Shift key while hitting plus or minus keys You are going to composite two images together, but first need to check how the size relationship between the two will look. How can you do this? Look at the % in the title bar making sure you are looking at both images at the same % In the above example, if the size of one image is much too large and you want to make it smaller, go to Image > Image Size and Check or Uncheck the resample box before changing dimensions. Check