INTERNET OF THINGS IN SPACE IWDK IoT Trends 3 May 2018, DOKK1, Aarhus 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
2 2 / 0 5 / 2 0 1 THE INVENTION OF THE INTERNET 1957, the Soviet Union launched the world s first manmade satellite into orbit 1958: USA government forms NASA and ARPA to develop space-age technologies 1969: Birth of ARPANET 1982: Coca cola vending machine online SPUTNIK-1 2008: Birth of the internet of Things; more devices connected than humans Sources: https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/invention-of-the-internet https://www.nationalgeographic.org 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
OUTER SPACE - THE NEXT INTERNET Smaller, cheaper and faster Based on commercial of-the-shelf components. Speed and flexibility of construction CubeSat standard (1999) facilitates frequent and affordable access to space Can be designed and implements as a student activity 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
NANOSATELLITE DEPLOYMENTS Source: http://www.nanosats.eu/ 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
CUBESAT DEPLOYMENT 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
ARCHITECTURE A CubeSat is an IoT device Embedded computer: limited processing capability; limited RAM Limited power supply; harvesting & storage Low-power radios (with antennas) Deployed in harsh environments Onboard CubeSat sensors: sun sensors 3 axis magnetometer 3 axis gyro Temperature Source: Wang et al., IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2018, pp. 2327-4662 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
WE WANT TO BUILD A LABORATORY IN SPACE 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
Technology demonstration Student-led activity (interdisciplinary) Deployment from ISS Planned duration 2018-2019 Delphini-1 team 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
GROUND INFRASTRUCTURE Antenna Engineering Ground station assembly team (2017) Radio Physics and Astronomy AU net Mission Control Center Internet Data storage Tracking of nanosatellite AUSAT CubeSat data hub 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR 9
METCALFE'S LAW Network utility grows with n2 Operation & Maintenance (O&M) of nanosatellite constellations Increasing interest in mobile standardization (3GPP) for 5G Use cases - astronomy and geoscience - Internet of Things 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
SCIENCE CASES Rosette-5 constellation 4 Photon flux ph s -1 cm -2 ) 2 1 (Source: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) SXR HXR 5 3 1 kev 1 MeV Energy 2704 BATSE Gamma Ray Burst (Credit: NASA) 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR Soft Gamma Rays SDD, 0 30 kev, Gamma Rays CZT, 0.03 3 MeV
IOT USE CASES Global tracking - Ships/airplane tracking - Asset tracking - Herds tracking Event detection and alerting - Surveillance - Natural hazards (e.g. volcanic eruptions, tsunami) 3 MAY 2018 Telemetry Telecommunications - Sensor and actuator networks - Earth observations & environmental monitoring - Voice and data - Backup access - Incident area network - Relays for MEO/GEO satellite networks ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
CONSTELLATION DESIGN Polar orbiting constellations with 4 rings of 10 satellites 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES Intersatellite links Antenna design Medium access control Routing Mobility management Up/downlink throughput Energy efficiency Polar region Destination Source Ring of satellites Plane of satellites Earth 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
CONCLUSIONS Next era of internet development is integrating LEO nanosatellite constellations Enabling IoT services to be globally widespread (smart cities à smart plant) IoT in space is impacting on citizens, businesses and governments by reducing cost, increasing safety, stimulating new development and innovation, supporting science 3 MAY 2018 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR