RECOVERED PAPER DATA

RECOVERED PAPER DATA 999-

RECOVERED PAPER DATA, 999- FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome,

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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED RECOVERED PAPER TRADE RECOVERED PAPER UTILIZATION FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MAKING 5 RECOVERED PAPER UTILIZATION BY THE PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY 7 LOSSES IN REPULPING OF WASTE PAPER 4 PROJECTED FUTURE RECOVERY OF WASTE PAPER 5 APPENDIX QUESTIONNAIRES 7 APPENDIX DEFINITIONS OF THE TERMS USED IN THE FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE 5 APPENDIX 3 - WASTE PAPER RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY IN 999 3 APPENDIX 4 - WASTE PAPER RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY IN 3 APPENDIX 5 - EXPORTS OF RECOVERED PAPER BY COUNTRY OF DESTINATION IN 34 APPENDIX 6 - IMPORTS OF RECOVERED PAPER BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN IN 36 iii

Recovered Paper Data, 999- RECOVERED PAPER DATA, 999- INTRODUCTION This FAO survey on Recovered Paper Data, 999- follows the same format as last year. It was produced, as last year, in co-operation with the Confederation of European Paper Industry (CEPI) which supplied the necessary data relevant to its member countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom) and its associate members (Czech Republic, Hungary, Norway, Slovakia, Switzerland). FAO collected data for the other countries. As last year, with the concurrence of the FAO Advisory Committee on Paper and Wood Products, the two questions on the use of recovered paper for energy generation and on market deinked pulp were eliminated, as well as the one concerning non-recoverable. The survey presents data on recovery, trade, and utilization of recovered paper. Historical data for the period 999- is presented and only a some (ten) countries provided projections of recovery and use of recovered paper for the years,, 3 and 4. The ratios used to analyse the data are the ones recommended by the Sub-group on Waste Paper Terminology, and are defined later in this document. Appendix contains a sample of the questionnaires, which FAO sent to 46 countries. In addition to the 9 countries covered by CEPI, 5 others answered the questionnaires. All of these 34 countries represent over 8 percent of the world production, and the data presented can be considered representative of the recovery, use and trade of recovered paper in the world. DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED The FAO Advisory Committee on Pulp and Paper created a Sub-group on Waste Paper Terminology to define the terms to be used by FAO to describe waste paper recovery and utilization. The two changes made concern the terminology and apply to waste paper utilization rate and waste paper in fibre use rate, which have been renamed recovered paper utilization rate and recovered paper in fibre use rate, respectively. The following rates are used in this survey: a) Waste paper net recovery b) Adjusted waste paper net recovery c) Recovered paper utilization d) Recovered paper in fibre use Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Romania, Slovenia, United States of America, Venezuela.

Recovered Paper Data, 999- The definitions of the rates are given below: a) Waste paper net recovery rate is the amount of waste paper collected for re-use as a percentage of the adjusted consumption; (Note: the adjusted consumption is equal to the apparent consumption of plus the net trade in converted products, excluding printed materials.) b) Adjusted waste paper net recovery rate is the amount of waste paper collected as a percentage of the adjusted consumption from which the nonrecoverable is deducted; c) Recovered paper utilization rate is the amount of recovered paper used for paper and as a percentage of production; d) Recovered paper in fibre use rate is the amount of recovered paper used for paper and as a percentage of the total fibre used for. NOTE The figures reported in this survey are the ones supplied by countries. As is apparent from some figures in the tables (consumption of recovered paper without any relation to paper production, unrealistic percentages, etc.), there is some misunderstanding in the definitions, and readers are urged to use caution when interpreting data for some countries. RECOVERED PAPER TRADE Table a and b Recovered paper trade in relation to recovered paper collection and utilization of recovered paper, and Appendices 5 and 6 present the results of the survey. In, the United States of America was the major exporter with over 9 milliontonnes, followed by Germany with close to 4 milliontonnes and by Belgium-Luxembourg and the Netherlands with.8 and.7 million tonnes, respectively.

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE a RECOVERED PAPER TRADE IN RELATION TO RECOVERED PAPER COLLECTION AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER Country Waste paper collected for re-use Exports of recovered paper 999 Recovered paper used for Imports of recovered paper mt mt % mt mt % Australia 76 76 6 536 46 3 Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil 46 46 34 Canada 53 4953 9 46 Chile 3 5 Colombia 34 37 Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq Ireland Israel 33 4 Italy Japan 796 88 784 3 Mexico 339 36 Morocco 8 57 39 Netherlands New Zealand 9 9 Norway Portugal Romania 7 7 6 Slovakia Slovenia 9 3 4 46 69 69 Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America 4473 777 8 3339 386 Venezuela 3 Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 instead of 999 As shown in Appendix 5, exports from the United States of America grew from 7.7 million tonnes in 999 to 9.3 million tonnes in. Appendix 6 shows that the main importers of recovered paper in were Canada, France, Germany and the Netherlands, and accounting for a total of nearly 6.5 milliontonnes. Those imports represent significant percentage of the total usage of recovered paper especially in the case of the Netherlands with over 8 percent in. 3

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE b - RECOVERED PAPER TRADE IN RELATION TO RECOVERED PAPER COLLECTION AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER Country Waste paper collected for re-use Exports of recovered paper Recovered paper used for Imports of recovered paper mt mt % mt mt % Australia 8 3 7 6 8 5 Austria 96 943 88 4 Belgium-Luxembourg 793 66 759 5 Brazil 6 4 6 4 Canada 65 57 8 45 Chile 95 7 Colombia 46 7 7 Czech Republic 8 359 5 4 Denmark 46 46 34 3 Finland 685 83 France 886 5777 363 4 Germany 395 9 37 Greece 53 38 7 Hungary 38 37 8 6 Iraq 3 Ireland 49 47 3 Israel 8 56 5 6 Italy 8 46 74 6 Japan 83 37 889 78 Mexico 35 34 Morocco 8 57 39 Netherlands 736 44 968 8 New Zealand 9 9 Norway 48 39 63 9 Portugal 45 393 3 8 Romania 3 8 5 Slovakia 8 78 58 57 Slovenia 94 6 8 5 8 73 Spain 3 389 658 7 Sweden 97 87 55 3 Switzerland 8 9 6 United Kingdom 554 4884 36 3 United States of America 44839 933 347 55 Venezuela 4 Australia data covers July 999 to June instead of Morocco: figures have been estimated 4

Recovered Paper Data, 999- RECOVERED PAPER UTILIZATION FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MAKING Tables a and b Distribution of the total use of recovered paper between paper/ making and other uses, give the relevant information. The information collected indicates that in nearly all countries virtually all recovered paper is used for production. TABLE a DISTRIBUTION OF THE TOTAL USE OF RECOVERED PAPER BETWEEN PAPER/PAPERBOARD MAKING AND OTHER USES 999 Total use of Recovered paper used for Recovered paper used for Country recovered paper other purposes mt mt % mt % Australia 536 536 Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil 46 46 Canada 4953 4953 Chile Colombia 34 34 Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq 3 3 Ireland Israel 43 33 96 4 Italy Japan 78 784 99 4 Mexico 339 339 Morocco 57 57 Netherlands New Zealand 9 9 Norway Portugal Romania 3 7 95 6 5 Slovakia Slovenia 46 46 Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America 3533 3339 95 84 5 Venezuela Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 instead of 999 5

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE b DISTRIBUTION OF THE TOTAL USE OF RECOVERED PAPER BETWEEN PAPER/PAPERBOARD MAKING AND OTHER USES Total use of Recovered paper used for Recovered paper used for Country recovered paper other purposes mt mt % mt % Australia 6 6 Austria 943 943 Belgium-Luxembourg 66 66 Brazil 6 6 Canada 57 57 Chile Colombia 46 46 Czech Republic 359 359 Denmark 46 46 Finland 685 685 France 5777 5777 Germany 9 9 Greece 38 38 Hungary 37 37 Iraq 4 4 Ireland 47 47 Israel 66 56 96 4 Italy 46 46 Japan 88 889 99 9 Mexico 35 35 Morocco 57 57 Netherlands 44 44 New Zealand 9 9 Norway 39 39 Portugal 393 393 Romania 43 8 9 5 Slovakia 78 78 Slovenia 5 5 Spain 389 389 Sweden 87 87 Switzerland United Kingdom 4884 4884 United States of America 3666 347 94 996 6 Venezuela Australia data covers July 999 to June instead of Morocco: figures have been estimated 6

Recovered Paper Data, 999- RECOVERED PAPER UTILIZATION BY THE PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY Tables 3a and 3b Recovered paper utilization rate, recovered paper in fibre use rate and total fibre used for production, indicate the amounts of recovered paper being used in the paper furnish. The recovered paper utilization rate, representing how much recovered paper is used in the production of, shows low values in fibre-rich countries, and high in fibrepoor regions. Tables 4a and 4b Composition of recovered paper (in percent) show what are the major grades of paper entering in the flow of recovered paper. On average worldwide, corrugated, solid containers and kraft sack waste account for nearly half of the total recovered paper, while news magazines grades account for a much lower share of the total. Tables 5a and 5b Use of recovered paper by grades in percent show what percentage of recovered paper is used in the production of various grades. The data indicates that the percentage of recovered paper entering the production of paper is much higher for packaging grades than cultural grades. 7

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE 3a - RECOVERED PAPER UTILIZATION RATE, RECOVERED PAPER IN FIBRE USE RATE AND TOTAL FIBRE USED FOR PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTION Country Paper and production Total fibre used for 999 Recovered paper used for paper and Total fibre used / production Recovered paper in fibre use rate Recovered paper utilization rate mt mt mt % % % Australia 564 54 536 99 6 6 Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil 6953 688 46 89 39 35 Canada 98 4953 5 Chile Colombia 734 69 34 3 46 Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq 8 3 54 Ireland Israel 8 33 83 Italy Japan 363 3394 784 99 56 56 Mexico 3796 449 339 8 89 Morocco 57 57 5 5 Netherlands New Zealand 89 935 9 6 3 Norway Portugal Romania 89 8 7 97 4 4 Slovakia Slovenia 58 46 46 9 53 48 Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America 897 3339 37 Venezuela Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 instead of 999 8

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE 3b - RECOVERED PAPER UTILIZATION RATE, RECOVERED PAPER IN FIBRE USE RATE AND TOTAL FIBRE USED FOR PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTION Country Paper and production Total fibre used for Recovered paper used for paper and Total fibre used / production Recovered paper in fibre use rate Recovered paper utilization rate mt mt mt % % % Australia 836 86 6 99 57 56 Austria 4385 943 44 Belgium-Luxembourg 77 66 35 Brazil 788 648 6 89 4 36 Canada 675 57 4 Chile Colombia 77 895 46 6 48 55 Czech Republic 88 359 44 Denmark 4 46 4 Finland 359 685 5 France 5 5777 58 Germany 884 9 6 Greece 496 38 77 Hungary 57 37 63 Iraq 9 5 76 Ireland 43 47 9 Israel 3 56 85 Italy 9 46 5 Japan 388 3648 889 99 57 57 Mexico 3897 439 35 3 8 9 Morocco 6 57 6 95 57 Netherlands 3364 44 7 New Zealand 875 96 9 4 Norway 3 39 4 Portugal 9 393 3 Romania 339 3 8 95 4 38 Slovakia 663 78 4 Slovenia 558 478 5 86 5 45 Spain 4764 389 8 Sweden 786 87 7 Switzerland 76 66 United Kingdom 664 4884 74 United States of America 873 347 39 Venezuela Australia data covers July 999 to June instead of Morocco: figures have been estimated 9

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE 4a COMPOSITION OF RECOVERED PAPER (IN PERCENT) Country Total recovered paper Old and over-issue newspapers and magazines, telephone directories, brochures, etc. Corrugated, solid containers and kraft sack waste (old and new) 999 Wood-free printing and writing paper, punch cards and other high-grade qualities Mixed grades All other types of recovered papers % % % % % % Australia 9 65 5 Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil 7 68 5 6 4 Canada 43 35 3 7 Chile 6 3 4 Colombia 9 58 3 3 Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq 5 39 Ireland Israel 9 5 4 5 Italy Japan 6 46 3 3 Mexico 58 7 Morocco Netherlands New Zealand 68 3 Norway Portugal Romania 3 87 Slovakia Slovenia 6 4 34 37 Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America Venezuela 56 3 Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 instead of 999

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE 4b COMPOSITION OF RECOVERED PAPER (IN PERCENT) Country Total recovered paper Old and over-issue newspapers and magazines, telephone directories, brochures, etc. Corrugated, solid containers and kraft sack waste (old and new) Wood-free printing and writing paper, punch cards and other high-grade qualities Mixed grades All other types of recovered papers % % % % % % Australia 65 6 4 5 Austria 3 35 7 7 Belgium-Luxembourg 3 44 3 3 Brazil 7 69 4 6 4 Canada 43 35 4 6 Chile 7 56 3 5 Colombia 8 6 9 Czech Republic 5 5 5 Denmark 7 4 6 5 Finland 44 3 4 France 4 5 3 Germany 3 7 3 9 Greece 8 68 3 Hungary 9 56 4 3 Iraq 6 47 36 Ireland 89 Israel 9 55 6 Italy 7 48 4 Japan 7 46 3 3 Mexico 6 6 Morocco Netherlands 8 9 8 54 New Zealand 3 66 Norway 4 7 3 Portugal 58 7 5 Romania 6 84 Slovakia 4 35 4 Slovenia 5 4 35 36 Spain 5 7 9 Sweden 54 3 4 Switzerland 3 3 9 36 United Kingdom 8 45 8 8 United States of America Venezuela 8 57 3 Australia data covers July 999 to June instead of

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE 5a - USE OF RECOVERED PAPER BY GRADES IN PERCENT 999 Country Recovered paper used for paper and Newsprint Other printing and writing papers Household and sanitary paper Kraftliner Other linerboard and fluting medium Other kraft wrapping and packaging paper % % % % % % % Australia Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Mexico Netherlands Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America 6 7 7 6 3 8 3 5 43 4 58 4 Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 instead of 999 Folding boxboard % 8 5 59 Other wrapping and packaging % 5 9 Other n.e.s. % 86 6 6

Recovered Paper Data, 999- TABLE 5b - USE OF RECOVERED PAPER BY GRADES IN PERCENT Country Recovered paper used for paper and Newsprint Other printing and writing papers Household and sanitary paper Kraftliner Other linerboard and fluting medium Other kraft wrapping and packaging paper % % % % % % % Australia Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Mexico Netherlands Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America 9 4 6 35 7 9 6 6 8 45 8 5 4 8 6 5 6 3 6 6 4 6 6 8 6 7 5 7 6 6 6 5 3 44 9 8 3 39 45 8 7 54 56 38 66 6 35 67 65 6 45 55 3 39 4 54 46 7 4 37 8 9 8 6 6 33 8 9 4 6 8 Australia data covers July 999 to June instead of Folding boxboard % 6 5 5 7 9 5 5 9 8 6 8 7 Other wrapping and packaging % 5 6 Other n.e.s. % 83 4 6 4 6 3 8 6 3

Recovered Paper Data, 999- LOSSES IN REPULPING OF WASTE PAPER Waste paper has higher losses during pulping than virgin material, due to the amount of fines and filler in the waste paper. As the content of waste paper increases in the raw material, the amount of losses will go up. Table 6 Losses in repulping and processing into, presents the percentage figures for pulping losses. Though data is scarce, in most of the countries reporting the information, pulping losses are between and 7 percent, with some exceptions probably due to antiquated equipment or poor processing control. TABLE 6 - LOSSES IN REPULPING AND PROCESSING INTO PAPER AND PAPERBOARD Country 999 Total recovered paper used Losses in pulping Total recovered paper used Losses in pulping mt mt % mt mt % Australia 536 85 6 63 Austria 943 Belgium-Luxembourg 66 Brazil 46 36 5 6 39 5 Canada 4953 57 Chile Colombia 34 6 8 46 7 7 Czech Republic 359 Denmark 46 Finland 685 France 5777 Germany 9 Greece 38 Hungary 37 Iraq 3 48 4 5 Ireland 47 Israel 43 66 Italy 46 Japan 78 88 Mexico 339 453 3 35 493 4 Morocco 57 6 57 6 Netherlands 44 New Zealand 9 6 6 9 3 6 Norway 39 Portugal 393 Romania 3 38 3 43 49 34 Slovakia 78 Slovenia 46 36 5 5 37 5 Spain 389 Sweden 87 Switzerland United Kingdom 4884 United States of America 3533 3666 Venezuela Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 and July 999 to June instead of 999 and Morocco: figures from have been estimated 4

zz Recovered Paper Data, 999- PROJECTED FUTURE RECOVERY OF WASTE PAPER Table 7 Projected future recovery of waste use of recovered paper for making, shows projections for the next four years in both waste paper collected for reuse and for recovered paper used for. They are expressed as a percentage of the level taken as a base line ( percent). TABLE 7 - PROJECTED FUTURE RECOVERY OF WASTE PAPER AND USE OF RECOVERED PAPER FOR PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MAKING Country Waste paper collected for re-use Recovered paper used for paper and % % 3 4 3 4 Australia 3 3 4 3 4 4 5 Brazil 4 7 6 4 7 6 Iraq 8 95 3 7 6 5 Japan 4 6 8 3 5 Mexico 6 Morocco New Zealand Romania 7 79 9 99 8 7 8 34 Slovenia 6 8 6 86 9 United States of America 3 6 7 5

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX QUESTIONNAIRES 7

Recovered Paper Data, 999- FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY () Part : Main Questionnaire Country: (All figures in mt) 999. Apparent consumption of. Net trade in converted products 3. Waste paper collected for re-use 4. Recovered paper collected for production 5. Exports of recovered paper* 6. Imports of recovered paper* 7a. 7b. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) Recovered paper* used domestically for purposes other than paper and making Recovered paper* used domestically for making Old and over-issue newspapers and magazines, telephone directories, brochures, etc. Corrugated, solid containers and kraft sack waste (old and new) Wood-free printing and writing paper, punch cards and other highgrade qualities Mixed grades All other types of recovered papers 8. Losses in repulping and processing into 9. Total fibre used for. Paper and production * Including recovered paper market pulp measured in terms of recovered paper. 9

Recovered Paper Data, 999- FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY () Part : Use of the main types of recovered paper in the manufacture of major grades of Country: Types of recovered paper (all figures in mt) Recovered paper* used domestically for making. Total recovered paper Old and overissue newspapers, magazines, telephone directories, brochures, etc. Corrugated, solid container and kraft sack waste (old and new) Wood-free printing and writing papers, punch cards and other highgrade qualities Mixed grades All other types of recovered paper Major grades of Paper and total Newsprint Other printing and writing papers Household and sanitary paper Kraftliner Other linerboard and fluting medium Other kraft wrapping and packaging paper Folding boxboard Other wrapping and packaging Other, n.e.s. years 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 [7b.] ** [7b.(i)]** * Including recovered paper market pulp measured in terms of recovered paper. ** Same headings as in Part : Main Questionnaire. [7b.(ii)]** [7b.(iii)]** [7b.(iv)]** [7b.(v)]**

Recovered Paper Data, 999- Country: FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY () Part 3: Projected future consumption and supply of recovered paper (All figures in mt) 3 4 Waste paper collected for re-use [3] ** Exports of recovered paper* [5] ** Imports of recovered paper* [6] ** Recovered paper* used domestically for purposes other than making [7a.] ** Recovered paper* used domestically for making [7b.] ** * Including recovered paper market pulp measured in terms of recovered paper. ** Same headings as in Part : Main Questionnaire.

Recovered Paper Data, 999- FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY () Part 4: Recovered paper EXPORTS by country of destination Country: Recovered paper* EXPORTS to: (indicate countries of destination) (All figures in mt) 999 Total exports of recovered papers * [5]** * Including recovered paper market pulp measured in terms of recovered paper. ** Same headings as in Part : Main Questionnaire.

Recovered Paper Data, 999- FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY () Part 5: Recovered paper IMPORTS by country of origin Country: Recovered paper* IMPORTS to: (indicate countries of origin) (All figures in mt) 999 Total imports of recovered papers * [6]** * Including recovered paper market pulp measured in terms of recovered paper. ** Same headings as in Part : Main Questionnaire. 3

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX DEFINITIONS OF THE TERMS USED IN THE FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE 5

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX DEFINITIONS OF THE TERMS USED IN THE FAO RECOVERED PAPER SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE. Apparent consumption of is the quantity of consumed within a country without taking into account the changes in stocks. It is thus production within the country plus imports minus exports.. Net trade in converted products (excluding printed material) is the difference between the imports and exports of converted products (SITC [Rev. ] 64 and part of BIN 48). In case imports exceed exports, this factor is positive, and in case exports are higher than imports the factor is negative. This factor is used to adjust the apparent consumption of in order to arrive at adjusted consumption. 3. Waste paper collected for re-use means the total quantity of waste paper collected from any sources of supply, in any form and for any kind of major industrial or commercial uses (including also other uses than manufacturing). Broke, trimmings, tailings, etc., occurring in the paper manufacturing process cycle should, however, be excluded. The annual volume of waste paper collected for re-use can be estimated by the following sequence shown below: recovered paper used domestically for paper and metric tons... plus recovered paper used for purposes other than making such as: moulded products, in bulk as wrapping or packaging material, any other major industrial... or commercial purpose less imports of recovered paper for any kind of use... plus exports of recovered paper for any kind of use... SUM recovered paper collected for re-use... 4. Recovered paper collected for production is the quantity of used paper collected for recovery as raw material for the manufacture of. 5 and 6. Exports and imports of recovered paper are the quantities of all kinds of waste paper exported and imported for any kind of use including waste paper market pulp measured in terms of waste paper inputs. Recovered paper market pulp is the pulp made of recovered paper for sale in the open market and does not include recovered paper pulp used in own plant or shipped to wholly owned or associated companies within the country. All recovered paper pulp moving outside the producing country is considered to be recovered paper market pulp. 7

Recovered Paper Data, 999-7a. Recovered paper used domestically for purposes other than making is the quantity of waste paper used for fibre building boards, moulded products, in bulk as wrapping and packaging material or for any other major industrial or commercial use. 7b. Recovered paper used domestically for making is the net quantity of the waste paper intake at the mill (and excluding all sorting losses) of any kind of waste paper - either locally collected or imported - which is used exclusively in manufacture including also recovered paper market pulp measured in terms of recovered paper input. (Whenever possible, the quantities of recovered paper should be expressed at 9 percent dryness and should include the losses in repulping and processing into.) The details under this heading include the following: i) Old and over-issue newspapers and magazines, telephone directories, brochures, etc., i.e. waste paper containing mainly mechanical pulp. ii) Corrugated, solid container and kraft sack waste (old and new), i.e. recovered paper containing mainly unbleached sulphate pulp. iii) Wood-free printing and writing papers, copy paper, computer printouts, and other high-grade qualities, i.e. recovered paper containing mainly bleached chemical pulp. iv) Mixed grades. v) All other types of recovered paper. 8. Losses in repulping and processing into is the quantity which is lost as broken fibres, fillers, coatings and other additives when the recovered paper is repulped, as well as the fibre losses in processing the derived recovered paper pulp into. 9. Total fibre used for is the total input quantity of all types of fibres at 9 percent dryness used for manufacturing. The fibres can originate from wood (round, split, chips, residues, sawdust, etc.), from non-wood fibrous vegetable materials (bagasse, straw, bamboo, esparto, other reeds and grass, cotton linters, flax, hemp, etc.), from rags and other textile wastes and from recovered paper.. Paper and production is the quantity of all of commercial quality (fibre building boards not included) produced within a country. PLEASE NOTE: For some of the headings or for some parts of the headings the data might not be readily available. In such cases you are kindly requested to make estimates and to indicate such estimates with, e.g. a footnote. 8

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 3 - WASTE PAPER RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY IN 999 APPENDIX 4 - WASTE PAPER RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY IN APPENDIX 5 - EXPORTS OF RECOVERED PAPER BY COUNTRY OF DESTINATION IN APPENDIX 6 - IMPORTS OF RECOVERED PAPER BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN IN 9

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 3 - WASTE PAPER RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY 999 Country Australia Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Japan Mexico Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America Venezuela Apparent consumption of mt 3485 6363 768 6 6 9 333 4936 9 669 347 37 9577 Net trade in converted paper and products mt Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 instead of 999 7-4 5 66 3 7 37 Adjusted consumption of mt 37 6363 768 98 3 9 3469 4936 9 8 46 74 9577 Waste paper collected for reuse mt 76 46 3 796 8 9 4473 Recovered paper collected for production mt 536 384 378 35 9 76 339 35 7 9 446 Recovered paper collection rate % 4 37 4 3 3 56 69 8 33 43 Exports of recovered paper mt 76 53 88 9 3 777 Imports of recovered paper mt 46 34 9 37 3 7 69 386 3 3

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 3 (cont.) Country Australia Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Japan Mexico Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America Venezuela Recovered paper used for other purpose than mt 3 4 6 84 Recovered paper used for paper and mt Australia data covers July 998 to June 999 instead of 999 536 46 4953 34 33 784 339 57 9 7 46 3339 Recovered paper used for paper and mt 85 36 6 453 6 6 38 36 999 Total fibre used for mt 54 688 69 3 3394 449 57 935 8 46 Paper and production mt 564 6953 98 734 8 8 363 3796 89 89 58 897 Recovered paper in fibre use rate % 6 39 56 8 4 53 Total fibre / production % 99 89 3 54 99 5 6 97 9 Recovered paper utilization rate % 6 35 5 46 83 56 89 5 3 4 48 37 3

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 4 - WASTE PAPER RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF RECOVERED PAPER IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD INDUSTRY Country Australia Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Japan Mexico Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America Venezuela Apparent consumption of mt 384 68 79 5 8 974 3739 53 9 79 49 45 93364 Net trade in converted paper and products mt Australia data covers July 999 to June instead of Morocco: figures have been estimated 53-8 7 43 48 57 37 Adjusted consumption of mt 494 68 79 987 34 974 398 53 9 939 486 8 93364 Waste paper collected for reuse mt 8 6 95 3 8 83 8 3 94 44839 Recovered paper collected for production mt 6 943 66 59 343 355 359 46 685 5777 9 38 37 47 46 833 35 35 44 39 393 8 78 94 389 87 4884 43393 Recovered paper collection rate % 39 38 43 36 3 57 66 6 33 46 Exports of recovered paper mt 3 96 793 4 65 7 8 46 886 395 53 38 49 8 37 736 9 48 45 8 6 3 97 8 554 933 Imports of recovered paper mt 8 88 759 4 8 7 5 34 83 363 37 7 8 5 74 78 968 63 3 5 58 8 658 55 9 36 55 4 3

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 4 (cont.) Country Australia Austria Belgium-Luxembourg Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Japan Mexico Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America Venezuela Recovered paper used for other purpose than mt 4 9 5 996 Recovered paper used for paper and mt Australia data covers July 999 to June instead of Morocco: figures have been estimated 6 943 66 6 57 46 359 46 685 5777 9 38 37 47 56 46 889 35 57 44 9 39 393 8 78 5 389 87 4884 347 Recovered paper used for paper and mt 63 39 7 493 6 3 49 37 Total fibre used for mt 86 648 895 5 3648 439 6 96 3 478 Paper and production mt 836 4385 77 788 675 77 88 4 359 5 884 496 57 9 43 3 9 388 3897 3364 875 3 9 339 663 558 4764 786 76 664 873 Recovered paper in fibre use rate % 57 4 48 57 8 95 4 5 Total fibre / production Recovered paper utilization rate % 99 89 % 56 44 35 36 4 6 76 99 3 6 4 95 86 55 44 4 5 58 6 77 63 9 85 5 57 9 57 7 4 3 38 4 45 8 7 66 74 39 33

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 5 - EXPORTS OF RECOVERED PAPER BY COUNTRY OF DESTINATION IN ( t) To From Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada Colombia Czech Rep. Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Australia Austria 6 4 569 5 4 Bangladesh 4 Belgium 3 9 84 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Canada China 7 97 6 6 64 7 Croatia 46 8 38 Czech Republic 5 47 Denmark 6 Estonia Fed. Rep. of Yugoslavia 5 Finland France 366 3 399 Germany 7 3 8 6 4 Greece China Hong Kong 3 Hungary 6 73 3 India 8 99 7 73 Indonesia 33 6 3 Ireland 6 Italy 3 3 8 Japan 4 Korea, Republic of 6 36 8 7 4 Latvia Lithuania Malaysia 45 Mexico Netherlands 543 48 849 Norway 5 4 4 8 Paraguay Philippines 5 7 Poland 4 Portugal 4 Romania Russia 3 Slovakia 6 54 76 8 Slovenia 9 5 63 Spain 396 4 Sweden 77 5 7 Switzerland 3 3 44 38 5 China Taiwan 4 4 8 3 5 Thailand 6 39 3 86 Turkey 6 3 4 Ukraine United Kingdom 5 7 Uruguay United States of America 7 5 Venezuela Others 4 5 3 4 8 9 6 8 TOTAL 99 96 793 4 65 8 46 885 395 53 38 49 8 Notes : Denmark, Greece and Ireland: figures have been estimated 34

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 5 (cont.) ( t) To From Japan Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland UK USA TOTAL Australia 4 Austria 4 3 9 5 699 Bangladesh 5 7 Belgium 5 34 Bosnia and Herzegovina 7 7 Bulgaria 3 Canada 83 83 China 57 7 6 856 337 Croatia 5 7 Czech Republic 6 Denmark 4 6 Estonia Fed. Rep. of Yugoslavia 36 Finland 33 35 France 78 9 88 8 9 48 Germany 445 4 5 55 55 48 7 49 Greece 3 8 China Hong Kong 9 6 46 96 Hungary 3 88 India 69 6 46 899 Indonesia 478 8 63 533 78 Ireland 4 5 5 Italy 3 6 75 4 48 66 Japan 6 8 Korea, Republic of 56 6 58 37 Latvia 4 4 Lithuania 3 Malaysia 3 4 4 87 Mexico 56 56 Netherlands 3 4 64 Norway 33 57 Paraguay Philippines 3 5 3 3 95 Poland 7 Portugal 9 44 Romania 5 8 Russia 3 Slovakia 3 49 Slovenia 48 Spain 3 45 9 6 659 Sweden 4 98 87 553 Switzerland 3 5 6 China Taiwan 8 9 3 88 Thailand 3 7 45 678 Turkey 5 58 Ukraine 35 United Kingdom 85 6 36 Uruguay 4 United States of America 9 9 569 Venezuela 43 43 Others 8 4 45 5 5 396 7 TOTAL 369 735 9 48 45 8 6 3 97 8 554 93 54 Notes : Denmark, Greece and Ireland: figures have been estimated 35

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 6 - IMPORTS OF RECOVERED PAPER BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN IN ( t) From To Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada Colombia Czech Rep. Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Australia Austria 33 6 6 Belgium 4 334 48 4 Canada 4 3 9 Chile 3 Costa Rica 8 Croatia Czech Republic 3 Denmark 4 3 4 Dominican Rep. 8 Ecuador Estonia 3 Fiji 3 Finland 4 5 France 4 3 9 Germany 669 95 37 84 4 543 67 64 Greece Honduras 3 Hungary 4 Iceland Ireland 8 Italy 5 6 4 3 Liechtenstein Mexico Netherlands 48 8 7 595 44 New Zealand 38 Norway 6 4 Panama 4 Papua New Guinea Paraguay 3 Poland 9 Portugal Puerto Rico 8 Russian Federation Slovakia 3 3 Slovenia South Africa 33 Spain 6 5 6 Sweden 9 5 3 4 Switzerland 5 86 64 68 China Taiwan Ukraine United Kingdom 5 9 76 4 3 Uruguay 8 United States of America 7 8 7 8 4 Venezuela 8 Others 5 3 9 TOTAL 8 88 4 759 8 7 5 34 83 363 37 7 8 74 Notes : Denmark, Greece, Ireland and Morocco: figures have been estimated 36

Recovered Paper Data, 999- APPENDIX 6 (cont.) ( t) From To Japan Mexico Morocco Netherlands Norway Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland UK USA TOTAL Australia 4 5 Austria 6 5 7 5 Belgium 46 8 4 99 Canada 4 5 5 55 Chile 3 Costa Rica 8 Croatia Czech Republic 54 79 Denmark 5 63 383 Dominican Rep. 8 Ecuador Estonia 3 Fiji 3 Finland 4 83 France 85 3 4 4 9 Germany 54 6 6 8 85 7 34 4 3 4 3687 Greece Honduras 3 Hungary 7 8 3 3 Iceland 5 6 Ireland 9 4 7 78 Italy 5 63 7 6 Liechtenstein Mexico 8 3 Netherlands 3 5 35 7 56 343 New Zealand 38 Norway 7 47 85 Panama 4 Papua New Guinea Paraguay 3 Poland 5 3 Portugal 98 99 Puerto Rico 8 Russian Federation 4 5 Slovakia 7 Slovenia 3 South Africa 33 Spain 9 Sweden 3 38 74 Switzerland 73 China Taiwan Ukraine United Kingdom 7 6 74 6 543 Uruguay 8 United States of America 6 4 3 47 49 Venezuela 8 Others 6 8 TOTAL 76 968 63 3 5 58 8 658 55 9 36 55 3935 Notes : Denmark, Greece, Ireland and Morocco: figures have been estimated 37