1450A/02-AH Manual 1/10 MODEL 1450A/02-AH Synthesizer This is a preliminary manual for the Novatech Instruments, Inc. Model 1450A/02-AH Synthesizer. WARNING: Live line voltages are exposed internal to the instrument. Do not operate with covers removed. Disconnect power cord before opening instrument for any reason. Specifications: OUTPUTS: There are up to nine DDS8p synthesizers internal to the 1450A/02-AH. The output frequency range of each is 10kHz to 120MHz, ACMOS, in 1µHz steps per LSB on the parallel interface. Outputs are SMA female on rear panel, 50Ω. See below for operating modes. INPUT: External Clock, 10MHz ±5ppm, >1Vrms, 50Ω. Circuitry detects, locks to and tracks this input when present. An internal TCXO (10MHz ±2ppm) is used if the 10MHz external clock input is left unconnected. SMA Female. PHASE and FREQUENCY CONTROL: The Parallel interface is on a 90-pin EDAC 516-series connector receptacle on the rear panel. An adapter board for use with ribbon cables is available. See below for connector details. SIZE: 19inch 2U rackmount case with mounting ears, 16inches deep, not including connectors. POWER: 120/240VAC, 50/60Hz, <75VA. ENVIRONMENTAL: Intended for laboratory/central office environment of: +5 o C to +40 o C with humidity 80% to 31 o C, decreasing linearly to 50% at 40 o C. OPERATION: Illuminated front panel power switch. Rear panel mode select switch. Front panel IN LOCK and POWER OK LEDs. Installation Notes: The 1450A/02-AH contains up to nine independent synthesizers addressable through the various control signals on the parallel interface connector.
1450A/02-AH Manual 2/10 See signal description, timing diagram, timing table and signal notes below for operation. REAR PANEL CONTROL receptacle EDAC PIN Function EDAC PIN Function EDAC PIN Function A Frequency Bit0 (FB0) (LSB) AK FB30 BU PB12 B FB1 AL FB31 BV PB13 (MSB) C FB2 AM FB32 BW RESERVED D FB3 AN FB33 BX RESERVED E FB4 AP FB34 BY RESERVED F FB5 AR FB35 BZ RESERVED H FB6 AS FB36 CA RESERVED J FB7 AT FB37 CB RESERVED K FB8 AU FB38 CC RESERVED L FB9 AV FB39 CD RESERVED M FB10 AW FB40 CE RESERVED N FB11 AX FB41 CF RESERVED P FB12 AY FB42 CH RESERVED R FB13 AZ FB43 CJ RESERVED S FB14 BA FB44 CK RESERVED T FB15 BB FB45 CL RESERVED (RAC) U FB16 BC FB46 CM RESERVED (PFR) V FB17 BD FB47 (MSB) CN Phase/Freq Strobe0 (PF0) W FB18 BE Phase Bit0 (PB0) (LSB) CP PF1 X FB19 BF PB1 CR PF2 Y FB20 BH PB2 CS PF3 Z FB21 BJ PB3 CT PF4 AA FB22 BK PB4 CU PF5 AB FB23 BL PB5 CV PF6 AC FB24 BM PB6 CW PF7 AD FB25 BN PB7 CX RESERVED (MODE)
1450A/02-AH Manual 3/10 REAR PANEL CONTROL receptacle EDAC PIN Function EDAC PIN Function EDAC PIN Function AE FB26 BP PB8 CY MR- (Factory) AF FB27 BR PB9 CZ Common Freq. Strobe (CFS) AH FB28 BS PB10 DA BUSY AJ FB29 BT PB11 DB Signal Ground (SG) Parallel Input Requirements The control inputs are protected against ESD damage by 100Ω series termination resistors (typically ±2kV, Human Body Model. ±200V, machine model). The inputs on the 1450A/02-AH are 3.3V and 5.0V CMOS logic tolerant. The connector used on the rear panel is an EDAC 516-090-520-302 receptacle. All of the inputs, FB0-47, PB0-13, PF0-7, CFS and MR-, are VHCMOS, TTL and 5V CMOS compatible and require: V il <= 0.8V (I load < -1.0mA) V ih >= 2.4V (I load < 1.0mA) C in on each pin is approximately 15pF (application cable capacitance not included). All the input pins are pulled to the +5V internal V cc via pull-up resistors (approximately 4.7kΩ). They are series terminated with a resistance of 100Ω to prevent reflections and ringing. You may need to supply source termination resistors for your control signals, depending upon your cabling. The exact value will be determined by your application. Reserved pins must be left unconnected, except as noted here. Three control pins are available: RAC, PFR and MODE. RAC is used to Reset ACcumulators in the internal synthesizers and is used during factory test. PFR operates exactly like all the PFn lines, except it controls the reference synthesizer. This allows each of the nine synthesizers to be used independently if desired. MODE can be used to select Synchronous or Independent mode without using the switch. If used, it overrides the switch. Normally left unconnected. (the rear panel switch must be left in the SYNC position if the MODE line is used). Signal Descriptions (INDEPENDENT MODE): The Independent Mode allows each of the internal eight (nine, if PFR is used) synthesizers to be used
1450A/02-AH Manual 4/10 at independent frequencies and timing. Phase is not controlled in this mode. FB0 through FB47 are the 48 binary frequency data bits presented to the internal DDS. The frequency output will have 1µHz of resolution per LSB. Since there is no error checking of the user input, care must be taken ensure that the binary value does not select a frequency output greater than approximately 120MHz. PB0 through PB13. Since the frequency and operation of each synthesizer is independent in this mode, the Phase value on the lines PB0 through PB13 are don t care. It is suggested that they be held LOW in this mode. Any PF0-7 going LOW is used to signal the on-board circuitry to load a new frequency into the corresponding DDS registers. The negative edge of PF is latched, inverted and presented on the BUSY line. The negative edge also transfers data from the user application connection to internal latches. Data must be stable at least 25ns before the negative edge of PF. During BUSY, all appropriate registers on the selected internal DDS8p are programmed and upon completion of the loading process a new frequency is available at the output. The on-board circuitry takes approximately 170ns to set the new frequency after BUSY has returned LOW. The timing of BUSY returning LOW may have several internal clock cycles of ambiguity due to timing re-synchronization internal to the parallel interface board (±200ns). Each separate output is set on PF0-7 going low. The other unselected synthesizer outputs remain unchanged. The delay DDS outputs on the rear of the 1450A/02-AH are numbered beginning with 1. PF0 controls output # 1, while PF1 controls output # 2 and so on. The Reference DDS is controlled by PFR. BUSY is a VHCMOS compatible output with: V oh >= 3.0 V (I load <= -100µA) V ol <= 0.4V (I load <= 100µA) BUSY going HIGH indicates that parallel data is being loaded into the DDS circuitry. The output frequency is updated approximately 170ns after BUSY returns LOW. Please refer to timing diagram for details. BUSY has a source resistance of approximately 100Ω to prevent damage due to accidental shorts. If this output is used for handshaking, be sure to account for capacitive loading on this signal. CFS is not used in this mode and must be held HIGH, or left open (internal pull-up). Please refer to the timing diagram and table below for the details of setting frequency on the parallel interface in the independent mode.
1450A/02-AH Manual 5/10 Input (Independent Mode) Timing Diagram (Not to Scale) FB T su T cyc PFn T ld BUSY T b T nf OUT FREQ n FREQ n+1 FREQ n+2 T zd Table 1: Timing, Independent Mode. Parameter Name Min Max Notes T su Binary Data Setup 25ns Binary Data Stable before PFn. T ld PF Pulse Width Low 100ns Minimum PF pulse width. T b Busy Time 430ns BUSY is HIGH for internal data transfer. T nf New Frequency Time 600ns New frequency on output. T zd Zero Decay Time 10µs TYP Time for Output to decay to ±100mV after setting frequency to zero (Sine output only). Square wave output may be erratic during this time. T d Busy LOW to output 170ns Time for new output to stabilize after BUSY returns LOW. T cyc Load cycle time 600ns TYP Cycle time before next PF. MR- is the master reset signal (guaranteed for Factory Use Only). When LOW all the circuitry internal to the 1450A/02-AH is reset. Upon returning HIGH, the 1450A/02-AH will initialize in less than 250ms and output a frequency of 10.0MHz and 0 o phase. Toggling MR- performs the same function as cycling power. An internal reset is issued upon change of the MODE switch. MR- must be low for at least 1ms. After a power cycle, mode change or MR-, the 1450A/02-AH takes approximately 500msec to
1450A/02-AH Manual 6/10 initialize. Signal Descriptions (SYNCHRONOUS MODE): In the synchronous mode, all internal synthesizers are set to the same frequency and programmed with phase offsets from the reference synthesizer. The reference synthesizer must always be set to 0 o phase using the PFR control line. The 1450A/02-AH performs a reset sequence whenever the Mode is changed between Synchronous and Independent. The output will return to the default (all 10.0MHz) following a Mode change. FB0 through FB47 are the 48 binary frequency data bits presented to the internal DDS. The frequency output will have 1µHz of resolution per LSB. Since there is no error checking of the user s input, care must be taken to ensure that the binary value does not select a frequency output greater than approximately 120MHz. During programming of all phases, these lines must be held constant at the desired frequency setting. PB0 through PB13 are the 14 binary phase data bits presented to the internal DDS. The phase of the output will change by N*360 o /16384 or N*π/8192 radians, where N is the value of the binary bits. The reference synthesizer must always be set to N=0. With a resolution of 14-bits, the phase can be set to within 0.022 o. This corresponds to approximately 6ps at 10MHz. Dispersion due to various propagation delays is greater than this and must be taken into account in the customer application. PFR, with PB0 through PB13 set to zero phase and FB0 through FB47 set to the desired frequency, must be pulsed to set the proper reference phase and frequency. Any PF0-7 going LOW is used to signal the on-board circuitry to load a new phase (and frequency, which must be held constant) into the corresponding DDS registers. After all phases are loaded, CFS (common frequency strobe) is pulled low to set all the outputs simultaneously. In this mode, BUSY is not asserted until CFS goes active (see below). To program the synchronous mode properly, the signals FB0-FB47 must be held constant for all PFn. Only the relative phases should be changed. While each assertion of a PFn line causes a load sequence taking approximately 430ns on each internal synthesizer, new data can be set up for the next PFn following a Tld period. CFS must not be asserted until after BUSY returns to an idle state following the last phase setting. CFS. The negative edge of CFS is inverted and presented on the BUSY line and must be asserted after all synthesizers have been loaded with appropriate phase data. The last BUSY from any PFn load must be stable low at least 25ns before the negative edge of CFS. The on-board circuitry takes approximately 170ns to set the new frequency after CFS has pulsed LOW. For each synthesizer to have the same frequency, FB0-47 must be held constant at the desired frequency during all PFR and PF0-7 cycles. BUSY is a VHCMOS compatible output with:
1450A/02-AH Manual 7/10 V oh >= 3.0 V (I load <= -100µA) V ol <= 0.4V (I load <= 100µA) BUSY going HIGH indicates that all parallel data is being loaded into the DDS circuitry and the new frequency is unstable. The output frequency is updated approximately 170ns after the BUSY caused by CFS pulses HIGH. The length of CFS LOW is not critical. Please refer to timing diagram for details. BUSY has a source resistance of approximately 100Ω to prevent damage due to accidental shorts. If this output is used for handshaking, be sure to account for capacitive loading on this signal. Please refer to the timing diagram and table below for the details of setting frequency and phase on the parallel interface in the synchronous mode. MR- is the master reset signal. When LOW all the circuitry internal to the 1450A/02-AH is reset. Upon returning HIGH, the 1450A/02-AH will initialize in approximately 250ms with an output frequency of 10.0MHz and 0 o phase. Toggling MR- performs the same function as cycling power. A reset is issued upon change of the MODE switch. MR- must be low for at least 1ms. After a power cycle, mode change or MR-, the 1450A/02-AH takes approximately 250msec to initialize. Input (Synchronous Mode) Timing Diagram (Not to Scale) PB, FB T su PFn PF0 PF7 CFS T ld T ld BUSY T b Tnf OUT
1450A/02-AH Manual 8/10 Table 2: Timing, Synchronous Mode. Parameter Name Min Max Notes T su Binary Data Setup 25ns Binary Data Stable before PFn or CFS. T ld CFS or PF Pulse Width Low 100ns Minimum CFS or PF pulse width. T b Busy Time 1.3µs BUSY is HIGH for internal data transfer. T nf New Frequency Time 200ns New frequency and phase on output. T cyc Load cycle time 2.5µs TYP Cycle time before next CFS time. T disp Delay Dispersion -10ns +10ns Zero Phase Delay with respect to reference synthesizer. Operational Notes: Upon power up or changing of the clock source, the internal clock generator may take up to one minute to lock to within 0.1ppm of the 10MHz internal master clock or the external 10MHz. The external clock must be 10MHz ±5ppm and >1V rms into the 50Ω input impedance (square wave or sinewave). A MR- restarts this timing period. The phase between the external clock input and any of the synthesizer outputs is not controlled. During out-of-lock or during a lock acquisition time, the front panel LOCK LED will be dark. Delay Dispersion. Due to various propagation delays and anti-alias filter group delays, outputs set to zero phase (delay) in the synchronous mode may be offset from the reference synthesizer ±10ns. The 14-bit resolution of the phase control allows this to be accounted for and calibrated out by the user application. This dispersion will vary with frequency. Note that equal lengths of ordinary coaxial cable will have dispersion characteristics much greater that the resolution of the phase (delay) control and this must be taken into account in the final application. Changing the MODE via the control pin on the connector or by the rear panel switch will initiate a MR- cycle. This ensures that all synthesizers are properly initialized. Mechanical Notes: The Model 1450A/02-AH is housed in a 19-inch, 2U rack, 18-inches deep. The rear panel photo is
1450A/02-AH Manual 9/10 1 DATA I/F Connector CLK GEN 2 MOTHER BOARD 3 EXT 10MHz CLK SEL 10MHz INT 4 5 DELAY SYNTHESIZERS 6 POWER 7 POWER SUPPLY MODE 8 Phase/Freq Data REF SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM shown above. Note that Pin A of the EDAC interface connector is in the upper left corner of the connector. The connector, without pins inserted, is shown below:
1450A/02-AH Manual 10/10 WARRANTY NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. warrants that all instruments it manufactures are free from defects in material and workmanship and agrees to replace or repair any instrument found defective during a period of one year from date of shipment to original purchaser. This warranty is limited to replacing or repairing defective instruments that have been returned by purchaser, at the purchaser's expense, to NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. and that have not been subjected to misuse, neglect, improper installation, repair alteration or accident. NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. shall have the sole right to final determination regarding the existence and cause of a defect. This warranty is in lieu of any other warranty, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall seller be liable for collateral or consequential damages. Some states do not allow limitations or exclusion of consequential damages so this limitation may not apply to you. All instruments manufactured by NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. should be inspected as soon as they are received by the purchaser. If an instrument is damaged in shipment the purchaser should immediately file a claim with the transportation company. Any instrument returned to NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. should be shipped in its original shipping container or other rigid container and supported with adequate shock absorbing material. This warranty constitutes the full understanding between NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. and the purchaser and no agreement extending or modifying it will be binding on NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. unless made in writing and signed by an authorized official of NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOVATECH INSTRUMENTS, INC. P.O. Box 55997 Seattle, Washington 98155-0997 United States of America FAX: 206.363.4367 TEL: 206.301.8986 http://www.novatech-instr.com sales@novatech-instr.com Copyright 2003, 2004 Novatech Instruments, Inc.