CENTRE FOR REGIONAL AND TOURISM RESEARCH Stenbrudsvej 55 DK 3730 Nexø Tlf.: + 45 5644 1144 Mail: crt@crt.dk www.crt.dk The NORA Conference on the Demographic Challenges of the North Atlantic Region Alta, Norway, October 20-21 21 2009, CHALLENGED BY DEMOGRAPHY Demographic trends and industrial change on the island of Bornholm Jesper Manniche Senior Researcher Centre for Regional and Tourism Research Bornholm/Denmark manniche@crt.dk 1 Population development Bornholm Population 50000 48000 46000 44000 42000 40000 38000 36000 600 500 400 300 Birth Deficit 200 100 0-100 -200-300 -400 Net domestic migration Net international migration 2 1
Structural economic development 1993-2005 Bornholm 2500 Agriculture, fishery, mining Food processing industries 2000 Metal manufacturing Other manufacturing 1500 1000 Construction, energy & water supply Wholesale Retail Hotels and restaurants 500 Transport & communication Finance and insurance 0 199319941995 19961997 19981999 200020012002 20042005 Business services, real estate etc. 3 Structural economic development 1993-2005 Bornholm Sector Employed 2005 Index 1993-2005 Agriculture, horticulture and forestry 919 0,58 Fishing 223 0,44 Mining and quarrying 29 023 0,23 Manufacturing of food and beverages 1007 0,58 Manufacturing of metals and fabr. metal prod. 692 1,00 Other manufacturing industries 665 0,64 Electricity, gas and water supply 136 1,05 Construction 1283 1,02 Sale and repair of motor vehicles & sale of auto. fuel 395 0,87 Wholesale except of motor vehicles 404 0,76 Retail trade and repair work exc. of m. vehicles 1558 0,96 Hotels and restaurants 1135 1,21 Transport 1016 0,81 Post and telecommunications 229 0,63 Finance and insurance 229 0,48 Business services, real estate etc. 1002 1,22 Public administration 1471 0,71 Education 1497 1,11 Human health activities 1074 1,03 Social institutions etc. 2720 1,17 Associations, culture and refuse disposal 1091 0,99 Total 18882 0,87 4 2
Business change: the case of the Bornholm food sector Since 1995 - alongside massive decline in agriculture, fishery and standardized large-scale food processing - ca. 40 new firms with regional food have been started, gaining from networking with related sectors of tourism, restaurants, t arts & crafts etc. Two different business models can be identified: 1. Experience production and direct sale (the Regional Culinary Heritage network) 2. Small-scale artisanal/industrial processing of specialized food and drinks products distributed via wholesale and supermarkets (the Gourmet Bornholm network) 5 Business change: the case of the Bornholm food sector Products Technology From Semi fabricated standard goods Large scale industrial (standardization) To High value specialty products New Bornholm cuisine Food Experiences Small scale artisanal (specialization) Consumers Anomynous Dedicated Customer relation Contractual Trust, dialogue Core skill Technical optimization of output Creation of quality Aesthetics, marketing and communication i Main location factor Cheap production factors (raw materials, labour) Local networks Brand of place Region external relations Few contacts Unidirectional knowledge flows (recepient) Many /varied contacts Reciprocal knowledge flows 6 3
Megatrends in economies and societies Globalization of flows of goods, capital, labour and knowledge Ub Urbanization i of populations Development of communication technologies and infrastructures Individualization We are not bound to places but choose where to live Importance of innovation and knowledge not only (science-based) generation of new knowledge but also transfer, re-interpretation, contextualization and use of existing knowledge Importance of (local/distance) networking for innovation - The catalyst role of knowledge inter- mediators such as business consultancy firms From use-value of products to sign-value of brands - Importance of value-based marketing, communication and branding (symbolic knowledge) The rise of the sustainability discourse (need for large-scale solutions) 7 What does this mean for demography policies of peripheral areas? Develop local visions and strategies that fit into broader, urban discourses (e.g. sustainability, local democracy, global village, New Nordic Food, the experience economy) Don t think that your area/community sells itself - storytelling and branding are crucial! Involve professional communication expertise in the making and launching of strategies Organise welcomes for newcomers Job and business creation: Improve conditions and infrastructures for entrepreneurs (e.g. one entry point for public services) Encourage local networking across sectors (platforms of related variety rather than specialized clusters) Encourage contacts and links to external knowledge systems 8 4
CENTRE FOR REGIONAL- OG TURISMEFORSKNING Stenbrudsvej 55 DK 3730 Nexø Tlf.: + 45 5644 1144 Mail: crt@crt.dk www.crt.dk Thank you for your attention! 9 5