What is Multi Exposure? Multiple Exposure, is a photographic technique that combines 2-9(Canon) different Exposures into a Single Image. The technique has been practiced for several years. Two types of Multi Exposure a) In Camera b) Using Adobe Photoshop (This document only deals with in camera Multi Exposure.) (7D MkII) NOTE: Every time Camera is Switched Off - Multi Exposure is DISABLED (See bottom of page 22) NOTE: When using Multi-Exposure - Set Auto Power Off to Disable (Camera Sleep Timer) Aspect Ratio 3:2 (see page 14) Set to DISABLE Please refer to your own Camera user Manual for similar Multi Exposure information. Page 1(32 )
Multi Exposure Contents Page 1. Camera Settings Multiple Expodure Canon EOS 7D Mk II 3 2. Example Images with Number of Exposures Set to 3 5 3. Canon MultiExp Tags - MetaData Values Values and Examples 7 3A. Nikon MultiExp Tags - MetaData Values 8 4. MetaData for Exposures 1-3 and Result Exposure 9 5. Information on the Four Exposure Modes 13 6. Information from Canon EOS 7D MkII User Manual 14 7. Example Image using Ctrl : On:ContShtng 17 8. Example Image using Ctrl : On:ContShtng - Metadata 18 9. Example Image - Layering a Landscape 19 10. Example Image - Layering a Landscape MetaData 20 11. Color Temperature in Kelvin (K) 21 12. Tips and Tricks 22 13. Multi Exposure Example - White Balance(WB)Color Temperature (Kelvin) 23 14. Setting the Number of Exposures - Range 2..9 (Canon) 24 15. How to View your Cameras Multi Exposure MetaData 25 16. D-Menu Option l) Output File Location off Image Folder 28 17. CompData-Menu Option g) Output Files Location 29 18. Multi Exposure Analysis Chart - Canon 30 19. Multi Exposure Analysis Chart - Nikon 31 20. OffShoot SWM Multi Exposure Team May 2017 32 21. Some Multi Exposure websites 32 Note: All MetaData in document is from Canon 7D Mk II, but for those interested I will do the same for their Cameras It is only from the MetaData that you can know the Images shot with each Camera setting. Canon Camera setting i) Camera Setting On:Func/Ctrl Canon Camera setting ii) (Result Image only) Camera Setting On:ContShtng Page 2(32 )
1. Camera SettingsMultiple Expodure Canon EOS 7D Mk II a b c d e f See next page a Note - On:ContShtng - Only Result Saved ContShtg Shooting Mode is designed for multiple exposures of a subject in motion. On:Func/Ctrl mode allows you to build multiple exposures shot-by-shot. NOTE: Every time Camera is Switched Off - Multi Exposure is DISABLED (See bottom of page 22) b (Range 2-9) c d e Page 3(32 )
When using Setting On:Func/Ctrl you can use Live View to position where and how much of he next Exposure you want to include etc. (See pages 14, 16) Flashes f) Using a previous Image as First Exposure f Canon cameras allow you to combine a photo taken the conventional way, with an exposure taken in the multiple exposure mode. To try this, choose the Select image for multi.expo option. If you've set the total number of exposures to two, you now only have to shoot one extra exposure in multiple exposure mode to complete your composite. See page 15 Nikon cameras take this a step further by allowing you to select any two images from the camera's media card and combine them using a feature Nikon called Image Overlay. This is particularly flexible because you can simply keep combining pairs of images and applying exposure adjustments as needed to make your composite raw image. Image Stabilization Types Canon Nikon Sony Fujifilm Panasonic Sigma Tamron IS VR OSS OIS OIS OS VC Page 4(32 )
2. Example with Number of Exposures Set to 3 Camera Setting On:Func/Ctrl Mode: AVERAGE Number of Exposures =3 MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive (Exposure 1 of 3) See MetaData this Image - Page 9 MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive (Exposure 2 of 3) See MetaData this Image - Page 10 Camera angled upwards Page 5(32 )
MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive (Exposure 3 of 3) See MetaData this Image - Page 12 Camera angled further upwards RESULT Image of 3 Exposures MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: AVERAGE (RESULT IMAGE) See MetaData this Image - Page 12 Page 6(32 )
3. Canon MultiExp Tags - MetaData Values and Examples Note: For Shoot Ctrl Setting On:ContShtng (Only Result is Saved) Control Setting On:Func/Ctrl allows you to build Multiple Exposures Shot-by-Shot, and use Live View to position next Exposure. Option to Save All Exposures or Result only Multi-Exposures Modes - Additive - Average - Bright - Dark Reference: https://sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/tagnames/canon.html#multiexp Canon MultiExp Tags [On] indicates Setting On:Func/Ctrl use D-Menu (see page 25) Some Examples : 2..9 [On (RAW)] indicates Setting On:ContShtng - (Only Result Saved) use CompData Menu (see page 29) a) [On (RAW)] indicates On:ContShtng b) c) [On] indicates On:Func/Ctrl d) Page 7(32 )
3A. Nikon MultiExp Tags - MetaData Values Reference: https://sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/tagnames/nikon.html#multiexposure 2..10 Multi Exposure Shots Range 2-10 Range If you set auto-gain to "ON" in the Multiple Exposure mode, the camera will adjust the exposure of each frame automatically for the number of multiple exposures you are combining (e.g. for 2 frames, each will have 1/2 the metered exposure.) So in theory you will not have to make any manual adjustment for multiple exposures--just tell the camera how many exposures you are combining. Page 8(32 )
4. MetaData for Exposures 1-3 and Result Exposure MetaData Example of First Image - Number of Exposures Set to 3 Image: 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_014.CR2 (Top Image page 5) White Balance (Kelvin 5091) Note: Multi Exposure Off, Multi Exposure Shots 0 White Balance (Kelvin) MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive (Exposure 1 of 3) Page 9(32 )
MetaData Example of Second Image - Number of Exposures Set to 3 Image: 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_015.CR2 (Lower Image page 5) White Balance (Kelvin 3992) Note: Multi Exposure Off, Multi Exposure Shots 0 White Balance (Kelvin) MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive (Exposure 2 of 3) Page 10(32 )
MetaData Example of Third Image - Number of Exposures Set to 3 Image: 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_016.CR2 (Top Image page 6) White Balance (Kelvin 2500) Note: Multi Exposure Off, Multi Exposure Shots 0 WB: Manual Temperature(Kelvin) MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive (Exposure 3 of 3) Page 11(32 )
MetaData Example of Result Image - Number of Exposures Set to 3 Result Image: 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_017.CR2 (Lower Image page 6) White Balance (Kelvin 2500) Note: Multi Exposure On. RESULT IMAGE Number of Multi Exposure Shots = 3 White Balance (Kelvin) MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive Exposure 1 of 3 MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive Exposure 2 of 3 MetaData On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Additive Exposure 3 of 3 Please Note: Mode: AVERAGE for 3 Additive Exposures Camera Setting On:Func/Ctrl Mode: AVERAGE RESULT IMAGE Page 12(32 )
5. Information on the Four Exposure Modes Additive Additive mode simply overlays images, one over another. The exposure in any overlapping areas will increase in direct proportion to the respective Brightness of the combined areas. The exposure of each single exposure is added cumulatively. For example, an image overlaid on top of itself or an image of the same Brightness will become one Stop brighter because you have effectively given it twice as much exposure. The same image overlaid on a Black background, however, will be largely unaffected because the Background contributes no additional exposure. When combining areas of similar brightness you would normally therefore Decrease your exposure by one Stop for each image. For example, if you were to Combine Four images you would Decrease the exposure for each image by four stops (-4 EV). N.B. From the MetaData on pages 9-12 it shows that the Result Image for the 3 Exposures is the Average of the 3 Additive Exposures. Note Note: The card-writing speed for Additive is longer than with the other multi-exposure control settings. Average Average mode produces results similar to the Additive mode, but with one important difference: Average will automatically adjust the exposure in any overlapping areas to prevent overexposure, based on the number of exposures you combine. Any non-overlapping areas will be rendered with a normal exposure. Bright This mode gives exposure priority to Bright objects so that they will retain their Brightness even when combined with a dark background. When dark areas such as night skies, buildings, and trees overlap, their brightness will not increase. Dark This mode gives exposure priority to Dark objects so that they will retain their Brightness even when combined with a light background. When Bright areas such as Highlights overlap, their Brightness will not increase. a)auto Exposure Bracketing, b)auto Lighting Optimizer, c)highlight Tone Priority, d)peripheral Illumination Correction and e)chromatic Aberration Correction are disabled during multiple-exposure shooting. The image-recording quality, ISO speed, Picture Style, high ISO speed noise reduction, color space, etc. you set for the first exposure will apply to ALL subsequent exposures in a multi-exposure sequence. Page 13(32 )
6. Information from Canon EOS 7D MkII User Manual Note- Aspect Ratio 3:2 Page 14(32 )
See page 4 Page 15(32 )
Note: Page 16(32 )
7. Example Image using Ctrl : On:ContShtng Multi Exposure Shots = 5 2017_06_Apr_(Marlay3)_112.CR2 (Result Only saved) Control On: ContShtng Mode: Dark (comparative) Multi Exposure Shots = 5 RESULT ONLY Control Setting On:ContShtng Mode: Dark (Comparative) Shot 5 Shot 4 Shot 3 Shot 2 Shot 1 These 5 shots were taken using my remote control. - The camera was on a Tripod. - When using a Tripod - Turn OFF Stabilization Image Stabilization Types Canon IS Nikon VR Sony OSS Fujifilm OIS Panasonic OIS Sigma OS Tamron VC Page 17(32 )
8. Example Image using Ctrl : On:ContShtng - Metadata Multi Exposure Shots = 5 2017_06_Apr_(Marlay3)_112.CR2 (Result Only saved) Result Image of 5 Exposures Only Saved Control Setting On:ContShtng Mode: Dark (Comparative) On (RAW) indicates Setting On:ContShtng - Note:Only Result Saved Dark (comparative) Multi Exposure Shots = 5 Page 18(32 )
9. Example Image - Layering a Landscape Setting On:ContShtng Mode: Average The Color Temp can be set from 2500 Kelvin to 10000 Kelvin in steps of 100 Kelvin increments Multi Exposure Shots 3 (Shot 1) Kelvin set to 2500 K (Shot 2) (Shot 3) (Result ) (Result Image file name) Kelvin set to 5500 K Kelvin set to 7000 K Kelvin set to 5506 K 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_003.CR2 In this example, I combined three shots of the same Horizon and also adjusted the camera's White Balance(WB) and lowered Tripod for each exposure, set Kelvin values as above. To produce this effect I used the following steps: a) Placed Camera on Tripod. b) Set Kelvin value for Shot 1 c) Took Shot 1 d) Lowered the Camera on the Tripod e) Set Kelvin value for Shot 2 f) Took Shot 2 g) Again Lowered the Camera on the Tripod h) Set Kelvin value for Shot 3 f) Took Shot 3 Note:When using a Tripod Turn OFF Stabilization Image Stabilization Types Canon Nikon Sony Fujifilm Panasonic Sigma Tamron IS VR OSS OIS OIS OS VC Page 19(32 )
10. Example Image - Layering a Landscape Image MetaData Result Image of 3 Exposures Only Saved Setting On:ContShtng Mode: Average White Balance (Kelvin 5506) On (RAW) indicates Setting On:ContShtng - Note:Only Result Saved RESULT IMAGE Number of Multi Exposure Shots = 3 White Balance (Kelvin) Page 20(32 )
11. Color Temperature in Kelvin (K) A colour temperature chart is useful for selecting the right White Balance(WB) to suit conditions. White Balance Eye Dropper Lightroom Basic Panel White Balance (WB) Blue Red Reference: Tint (Green, Magenta) Green Magenta http://www.photographymad.com/pages/view/what-is-colour-temperature Warmer (UltraVoilet) Deep Shade (9,000) Outdoor Shade Area (7,000-8,000) Blue Tint Daylight Cloudy NEUTRAL Daylight Summer Sun at Noon (5,000) Twilight Red Tint Cooler (InfraRed) Page 21(32 )
12. Tips and Tricks Reference: https://contrastly.com/tips-tricks-for-creating-double-exposures-that-rock/ N.B. Before you start set Cameras Auto Power Off to DISABLE, - if the Camera is Powered Off then Multi Exposure is cancelled. Multiple Exposure - Some Tips & Tricks to Remember The actual steps for taking Double (Multiple) Exposures may be simple, but you will still need to follow some tips and consider some tricks that can help you. 1. Although there are no set rules for Double (Multiple) Exposure photography, it is important to follow some techniques. For example, you need to know that using lighter or Brighter subjects is not recommended because this will affect the details of the image. Instead, use Darker scenes or subjects. The best advice? Use silhouettes. They work best for double exposures. 2. However, it is also important to go a little extraordinary. You can, for instance, use a Dark silhouette over a Bright or shining White Background. The effect will be quite dramatic, with the White Washing out the image and creating an interesting scene. 3. You can also choose to shoot Double Exposures that come out like ghostly apparitions. To do this, simply position your subject away from the frame. This will create a translucent illusion. 4. Of course, some DSLR photographers, especially those who are busy, prefer to create double exposures with the help of a software. But, where's the fun in that? It's always exciting to try out something new in photography. 5. Note: when using a Tripod - Turn OFF Stabilization. Practice makes perfect? The image-recording quality, ISO speed, Picture Style, high ISO speed noise reduction, color space, etc. you set for the first exposure will apply to all subsequent exposures in a multi-exposure sequence. Page 22(32 )
13. Multi Exposure Example - White Balance(WB) Color Temperature (Kelvin) Kelvin (K) ( See Kelvin chart page 21 ) The Color Temp can be set from 2500 Kelvin to 10000 Kelvin in steps of 100 Kelvin increments Setting On:Func/Ctrl Mode: Average Multi Exposure Shots = 4 1. Set up your camera to take Four exposures in Average multiple exposure mode using either Aperture or Shutter priority. 2. Set the white balance to 2500ºK to produce a strong Blue tint and zoom out for a wide-angle shot. Position the horizon in the top quarter of the viewfinder and take the first photo in the sequence. 3. Turn on LiveView and zoom in slightly so that you can see the magnified overlay which will become your next nearest line of hills. Pan the camera to a different part of the horizon to create some 4. Reposition the horizon lower still on the LiveView screen. Zoom in a little more and with the White Balance set to 5500ºK, take the third photo. 5. Finally, zoom in fully, pan the camera again for some foreground interest and position the horizon near the bottom of the screen. Increase the White Balance(WB) to 7000ºK and take the final photo. (See Example page 19) Page 23(32 )
14. Setting the Number of Exposures - Range 2..9 a) If On: Func/Ctrl is Set and Save source imgs :All Images is set a d c (Range 2-9) If Number of Exposures is set to 2(Min), then 3 Images will be saved If Number of Exposures is set to 3, then 4 Images will be saved - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If Number of Exposures is set to 9(Max), then 10 Images will be saved Use Live View to a) check Image, b) position Next Image, c) Delete Image. (See page 15 for options) Before any Exposure is taken the number set is displayed here - and is Stepped DOWN after each Exposure This will flash to indicate Multi Exposure b) If On: ContShtng is Set, then Result Image only is Saved Live View NOT possible in this mode. Remaining number of Exposures displayed as above. Page 24(32 )
15. How to View your Cameras Multi Exposure MetaData Before you Install GUI2 read two page doc : GUI2_First_installation_rev_B.pdf http://gui2-for-exiftool.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/4/7/8247457/gui2_first_installation_rev_b.pdf Download and Install GUI2 from : http://gui2-for-exiftool.weebly.com/2-gui2-for-exiftool.html Select D Menu For Setting On:Func/Ctrl (Searches for Result Image only) use D-Menu for Exposures 2..9 leading to Result use CompData Menu (see page 29) Select Option l) Click OK to select: Drive, Folder, Filter, File D-Menu option l) seaches all Images and only outputs Images with Tag [Multi Exposure : On ] to single file in Sub-Folder off Image Folder. e.g. Drive:\ \Image Folder \Multi_Exposure\Multi_Exposure.TXT <-- Fixed Folder & Name Page 25(32 )
Select Drive, Folder, Filter Select Image Drive Quick Selection Buttons Change Filter to CR2 (RAW) Click OK Note : Folder File Count = 0 Page 26(32 )
Select Image File Drive F: Selected Select Image, or Click on any Image Click OK If Folder File Count is NOT displayed after you Click on any Image - then Click on both Refresh Buttons Folder File Count only displayed after you Click on any Image Note: For Competition Data Menu (page 29) - to select ALL Images from file list as above it is only required to Click on any Image to select ALL Images, the GUI2 knows it means ALL Images in the Folder. Page 27(32 )
16. D-Menu Option l) Output File Location off Image Folder Indicates Processing selected Image 2017_20_Apr(Marlay4)_101.CR2 Returns to D Menu - Indicates Processing Complete D-Menu Option l) - Single File(Multi_Exposure.TXT) Output Location D-Menu option l) seaches all Images and only outputs Images with [Multi Exposure : On ] to single file in Sub-Folder off Image Folder. e.g. Drive:\ \Image Folder \Multi_Exposure\Multi_Exposure.TXT <-- Fixed Folder & Name Page 28(32 )
17. CompData-Menu Option g) Output Files Location CompData Menu OPTION g) ALL Images in Folder Click OK. see Note page 27 This Option g) creates an Output File for each Image in the Folder For Setting On:ContShtng (Only Result Saved) Select Output Format For Setting On:Func/Ctrl - Exposures 2..9 leading to Result use CompData Menu use CompData Menu The purpose of [All Multi Exposure Images Output] is to examine the Individual Images (2-9) MetaData leading up to output Result Image with [Multi Exposure : On ] which gives the number of [Multi Exposure Shots] Example Images - 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_014.CR2 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_015.CR2 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_016.CR2 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_017.CR2 See pages 5-6 CompData-Menu Option g) - Files.xxx Output Location Output Files are Always located in Sub-Folder off Image Folder e.g. Drive:\ \Image Folder\All_Multi_Exposure_Images_xxx\ yyyyyy.xxx Where xxx = TXT, or JSON or XML or PHP as selected (Output Format) Example Output [Tag List ] for Images MetaData - 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_014.TXT - 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_015.TXT - 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_016.TXT - 2017_09_Mar_(Multi_Exp2)_017.TXT (Shot 1) (Shot 2) (Shot 3) (Result ) Page 29(32 )
18. Multi Exposure Analysis Chart - Canon See f) page 3 Analysis Notes: f 1 Number of Multi Exp Images Set(2-9) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Result Image Image File Name Canon MultiExp Tags 2..9 Image Date Tripod Used On:Func/Ctrl On:ContShtng Shoot Mode Additive Average Bright (Comparative) Dark (Comparative) All Exposures Result only Multi-expos ctrl Save f 1 Shot Only Continuously Continue Multi-exp First Image - Existing? [see f) page 4] WB Color temp Kelvin Page 30(32 )
19. Multi Exposure Analysis Chart - Nikon See f) page 4 Analysis Notes: f 1 Number of Multi Exp Images Set(2-10) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Result Image Image File Name Nikon MultiExp Tags 2-10 Image Date Tripod Used MultiExposureVersion MultiExposureAutoGain Off Multiple Exposure Image Overlay HDR All Exposures Result only MultiEexpMode Save? f 1 Shot Only Continuously Continue Multi-exp? First Image - Existing? [see f)page 4] WB Color temp Kelvin Page 31(32 )
20. OffShoot SWM Multi Exposure Team May 2017 http://www.offshoot.ie/ SWM Multi-Exposure - Team May 2017 Wendy Hannan Mike Smith Larry Dalton Denis Mahony Peter Brennan Ken Dobson Andy Quinlan 21. Some Multi Exposure websites http://www.learn.usa.canon.com/app/pdfs/quickguides/ CDLC_MultiExposure_Feature_QuickGuide.pdf http://cpn.canon-europe.com/content/education/infobank/digital_camera_features/ multiple_exposure_shooting.do https://www.canon.ie/youconnect_newsletter/tutorials/exposure/page_5.aspx http://www.canon.com.hk/en/club/article/itemdetail.do?itemid=10310 https://digital-photography-school.com/multiple-exposures-camera/ https://digital-photography-school.com/special-effect-how-to-create-multiple-flash-exposures-ina-single-frame/ http://www.popphoto.com/how-to/2014/04/how-to-shoot-camera-double-exposure-photo http://photoextremist.com/multiple-exposure-photography-tutorial http://www.photography.ca/photography-tips/multiple-exposure/ (Nikon - Good) (Nikon - using Auto Gain feature) https://www.shutterbug.com/content/multi-exposure http://www.canadiannaturephotographer.com/multi_exposure.html https://www.nikonians.org/reviews/d2x_multiple_exposures/tag/older-nikon-bodies/p/all (Nikon) Page 32(32 )