DIY DESIGNER DETAILS

Similar documents
INCEPTIV INSTALLATION GUIDELINES

HOW TO INSTALL ELITE PANELED WAINSCOTING Using X-Rails with Either Raised, Flat or Beaded Panels

INCEPTIV INSTALLATION GUIDELINES

Copyright 2010 Springbok Publishing All Rights Reserved- Page 1

Installation Instructions Palladium Wall Panels - Demountable Factory Finished Edges and Field Cut Edges

SLATTEX (Textured Slatwall) INSTALLATION GUIDE

Chapter 22 - Cabinets & Vanities

How to Mitre Mouldings

KUBIK INSTALLATION GUIDE

TRESSES INSTALLATION GUIDE

Corner Entertainment Center Plans

Building the Gothic Church

Wall Installations. Chapter 16 Wall Installations 16. 1

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

Laminate Flooring on Wall Installation Instructions Vertical Wainscot Style

DIY Bedroom Entertainment Center

Kitchen Upper Cabinet: Double Doors Cabinets from Scratch

Metallaire Installation Instructions

How to Install Elite Bayside Beadboard

METAMORPHOSIS INSTALLATION GUIDE

" BASE CABINET

Kitchen Upper Cabinet: Single Door Cabinets from Scratch

Installation Instructions Palladium 3D Hi Impact Wall System, Partial Height with Color Matched Caulk Joints

Ask your DIY store or carpenter to cut the required boards to size. Instructions. 1. Cut out the opening for the bottles

WoodTrac Direct Mount Ceiling System

Building the Cathedral

SLOT INSTALLATION GUIDE Indoor IP20

Media Center Woodworking Plans Our Home from Scratch

The image above is intended to give you an idea of what the dovecote will look like when finished.

Install Guide. view our Install video guide online

CABINET INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

Please read through the entire document before starting your installation process to better understand what is required.

GENERAL INSTALLATION GUIDE: WARRANTY: PRODUCT INFORMATION T F

Mudroom Unit. Page 1 of 25

Installation Guide. Pionite Decorative Surfaces One Pionite Road, Auburn, Maine PIONITE ( )

Instructables Butcher Block Top

woodworkersjournal.com MATERIAL LIST

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

A. All trim that has been damages, broken, or missing shall be repaired or replaced with material of the same size, shape, and type.

Bathroom Storage Unit. Wilkerdos.com

Kitchen Base Cabinet: Multiple Drawers Cabinets from Scratch

ining Table Materials *Notes on Materials


Installation Instructions and Details

WOODWORKS Walls. Installation Instructions WALL

UNIT 12: INTERIOR DOORS AND TRIM

Stair Parts Installation. Tricks

MAGNUM BOARD INTERIOR INSTALLATION GUIDELINES

FRAMED CABINETRY INSTALLATION MANUAL

Installation Instructions Split Shake, Staggered Shake, Shingle, Perfection Shingle, and Shapes

Kitchen Base Cabinet: Single Drawer with Double Doors Cabinets from Scratch

Display Case (for J&S)

Jewelry Cabinet. Materials: 5/8" brad nails 5-1" x 3" x 8' boards (or if not 2 1/2" wide. 1-4' x 8' sheet - 3/4" plywood. wood glue get 1x4's)

L u m b e r M e l a m i n e H a r d w o o d P l y w o o d A r c h i t e c t u r a l P a n e l s C o l o r e d C a u l k P a r t i c l e B o a r d E

limited lifetime warranty

Faux Wood Beams Installation

WoodWORKS Channeled Plank

Robert Bosch GmbH. Wall organiser

SECTION FINISH CARPENTRY PART 1 GENERAL. 1.1 SECTION INCLUDES A. Interior Finish Carpentry Work: 1. Refer to schedule at end of Section.

A Day House. A View of One Way to Finish the Exterior of The Day House. Read these instructions all the way through before beginning this project.

So if you re building or remodeling a kitchen or bath, Decorative Edge moldings are the affordable design option you just can t afford to overlook.

2010 Collection. Architectural wainscoting that make a lasting Impression. Innovative designs & quality craftsmanship

2010 Collection. Architectural wainscoting that make a lasting Impression. Innovative designs & quality craftsmanship

PROJECT PLANS ROLLING LAUNDRY SORTER

Installing your new Bevella Top. L Shaped Countertop with Joints No Finished Ends (Fits Between Four Walls)

Installation Instructions

Chapter 19. Interior Finish Work

Table of Contents III. Chapter 1: Overview of the UMB Chapter 3: Cutting the UMB Chapter 4: Fastening the UMB to framing...

Jeff Branch WOODWORKING YOU CAN BUILD A. By adding subtle design elements, a traditional furniture style becomes decidedly modern.

Wood Duck Nest Box Design & Assembly Directions

Installation Instructions

Installation Instructions Palladium Square Edge Panels

Why are we giving this guidebook as a FREE download?

Installation Instructions. Conventional Wainscot Wall Padding Panels MODEL # RWC25321 RWC26321 RWC253X1 RWC263X1 RWC25321 RWC25XXX RWC26XXX

Shoe Organizer Plans Our Home from Scratch

Laminate Cabinet Installation Instructions

FINISH CARPENTRY. Installing Arched Casing How to make three different arched trim details look like they grew there

A. Provide all finish carpentry needed for a complete and proper installation.

Installation Guide. Aspect Stone Peel & Stick Tile. proper surface preparation is essential for a successful project. Installations Methods

SECTION INTERIOR FINISH CARPENTRY

Wallpaper. the Right Way. Wallpaper is trendy again, both with designers, who are speccing it more often, and

Building the Circular Tower

TM TM DOG HOUSE Age 9+

Copyright 1998 KDE Technologies

Introducing the Trim Finishing System. A Wood to Wall System that allows the home owner to get professional results from their molding purchases.

Materials and Tools: Printer s Triple Console Cabinet. Free Plans to build a Triple Console Cabinet

Tools Required: Steps to completion:

Dave's Glossary of Construction Terms. by Dave Osborne (

INSTALLATION SUGGESTIONS LEVEL APPLICATION LIMITED WARRANTY

E-BOOK - HOW TO NAIL WOOD TOGETHER EBOOK

Tools You Will Need: Pencil Chalk Line Level Rubber J-Roller Miter Saw (either hand saw or electric) Utility Knife Black Dot Stickers (provided)

Classic Woodworking. Installation Guide SW Jacktown Rd, Beaverton, OR Toll Free (800) Phone (503) Fax (503)

Instructions for Real Good Toys 32 Miniatures Showcase. Kit #MS /10

1 ¼-inch Pocket Screws Brad Nailer or Hammer 1 ¼-inch Brad Nails Clamps

INSTALLATION GUIDE CABINETRY

Installation Instructions Stainless Steel Wall Panels

Media Console Table 38"

Empire Dresser Plans

Mach Wall Installation Instructions

How to Build a Recessed Medicine Cabinet

Transcription:

Kay Green Design DIY DESIGNER DETAILS Exclusively Designed for: USA Homes The Heron Model at Winding Pines Licence Number IBC000336 KayGreenDesign.com 668 Cherry Street, Suite A Winter Park, FL 32879 (407) 246-7155

DON T FORGET how to create A MODERN HOME YOUR HOME IS YOUR HAVEN; MAKE IT TRULY YOURS! DESIGN TIPS 1 2 3 4 LIGHTING Start by choosing a color palette. Checkout Pinterest or Houzz for common themes to get you started. Consider contemporary finishes. Today s cabinets are squared off and flat paneled, counter tops are light toned quartz and finished with dramatic glass backsplashes. When choosing flooring, lighter finishes are trending. Think grey or milk toned wood and soft, neutral tile. Dark wood is a classic and is always in style. Window treatments soften a room and bring an added warmth. Make sure to hang them as close as possible to the ceiling in order to make the room look larger. One of the key elements of a welcoming home is the right lighting! Choose lighting that impacts your space in ways that best establish the mood and ambiance you desire for your home. Today s lighting trends include unique pendants over kitchen islands and cluster lighting over a dining table. Look for statement fixtures and think of these unique pieces as the jewelry of your home. 1

how to create A MODERN HOME YOUR HOME IS YOUR HAVEN; MAKE IT TRULY YOURS! CHOOSING YOUR COLORS TEXTURE 2

THE HERON MODEL FLOORPLAN 3

THE HERON MODEL PAINT COLORS SW = Sherwin Williams SW 7646 FIRST STAR SW 7649 SILVERPLATE SW 7016 MINDFUL GRAY SW 6232 MISTY SW 9138 STARDEW SW 6332 CORAL ISLAND SW 7665 WALL STREET SW 7615 SEA SERPENT SW 2815 RENWICK OLIVE 4

THE HERON MODEL PAINT SCHEDULE 5

DESIGNER DETAIL GREAT ROOM WALL DETAIL LEVEL: BEGINNER MATERIALS Pencil Level Table saw Construction adhesive Brad nailer and nails 5.25 Base molding 4 Flatstock Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) Painters tape Painting supplies Sherwin Williams Paint High Gloss White - SW 7757 First Star - SW 7646 INSTRUCTIONS 1. Remove any baseboard molding and crown molding along the wall where the detail will be installed. 2. Using painters tape, tape off the section that you would like to build the detail. Inside the tape paint the wall the same color as the molding, High Reflective White SW 7757. Paint the room the overall room color, First Star SW 7646. If there is a gap between the two paint colors its OK, it will be covered by the molding. 3. Cut the MDF into strips 5.25 inches wide. Cut the strips to length to fit the length of the wall detail, times two (this project was 109 inches). You will need enough for the base of the wall and the top of the wall. Attach the strips to the wall with 2" brad nails. 4. Cut the 4 inch molding long enough to fit the vertical length of wall, times 6. 5. Paint all molding, and flatstock trim the overall trim color, High Reflective White SW 7757, and let dry. 6

DESIGNER DETAIL GREAT ROOM WALL DETAIL LEVEL: BEGINNER INSTALLER TIPS Wherever the strips meet along the straight portion of the wall, cut scarf joints so the pieces match up to hide the seam. One piece should be cut at a 15-degree angle to the front and the complementary angle on the back. Join the pieces in the corners with 45-degree angles. For the finishing touch, hang a colorful piece of artwork in the center of the detail. INSTRUCTIONS 6. Liberally apply construction adhesive to the back of one of the long pieces of 4 inch molding and apply directly above the MDF. Starting on one side and working your way across. There should be a 17 inch space between each piece of molding. 7. After putting up the 4 inch molding, tack the base molding to the outside of the MDF at the base with 2-inch brad nails. Be sure the molding also has scarf joints to hide any seams. 8. Finally, attach the reserved MDF strips above the top of the 4 inch trim molding with 2" brad nails. Tack the crown molding to the outside of the MDF near the top with 2-inch brad nails. Be sure the molding also has scarf joints to hide any seams. 7

DESIGNER DETAIL LAUNDRY ROOM WALL DETAIL LEVEL: BEGINNER MATERIALS Pencil Chalk line Level Table saw Construction adhesive Brad nailer and nails 5.25 Base molding 2 Flatstock 3 Flatstock 6 Flatstock Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) 3 Decorative hooks Painting supplies Sherwin Williams Paint Stardew SW 9138 High Gloss White - SW 7757 INSTRUCTIONS 1. Remove any baseboard molding along the wall where the detail will be installed. 2. Paint the room the overall room color, Stardew SW 9138. Using painters tape, tape off the section that you would like to build the detail. Inside the tape paint the wall the same color as the molding, High Reflective White SW 7757. 3. Set a level to the desired height of the shelf (this project was 52 inches) and mark so everything will be nice and level. 4. Cut the MDF into strips 5.25 inches wide. Cut the strips to fit the length of the wall detail at the base of the wall. Attach the strips to the wall with 2" brad nails. 5. Cut the 3 in and 6 inch flatstock to 52 inches, or long enough to fit the length of the space. Cut all 2 inch flatstock to 42 inches. 6. Paint all trim, molding, and flatstock the overall trim color, High Reflective White SW 7757, and let dry. 8

DESIGNER DETAIL LAUNDRY ROOM WALL DETAIL LEVEL: BEGINNER INSTALLER TIPS Wherever the strips meet along the straight portion of the wall, cut scarf joints so the pieces match up to hide the seam. One piece should be cut at a 15-degree angle to the front and the complementary angle on the back. Join the pieces in the corners with 45-degree angles. To personalize the space add colorful art and unique hooks. INSTRUCTIONS 7. Liberally apply construction adhesive to the back of one of the long pieces of 4 inch molding and apply directly above the MDF, starting on one side and working your way across. There should be a 9 inch space between each piece of molding. 8. After putting up the vertical molding, tack the base molding to the outside of the MDF at the base with 2-inch brad nails. Be sure the molding also has scarf joints to hide the seams, if needed. 9. Liberally apply construction adhesive to the back of the 6 inch flatstock and apply directly above the 2 inch flatstock, then attach with 2-inch brad nails. 10. Add the 3 inch flatstock on its side to the top of the 6 inch flatstock to create a shelf, using the same brad nails. 11. Finally, attach 3 decorative hooks along the center of the 6 inch molding. 9

DESIGNER DETAIL BEDROOM 4 WALL DETAIL LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE MATERIALS Pencil Chalk line Level Miter saw Table saw Construction adhesive Brad nailer and nails 5.25 Base molding 4 Flatstock 6 Shiplap - 49 x160 8 Flatstock 6 Flatstock Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) Painting supplies Sherwin Williams Paint Mindful Gray - SW 7016 High Gloss White - SW 7757 INSTRUCTIONS 1. Paint the room the overall room color, Mindful Gray SW 7016. There is no need to paint behind the detail you are installing. 2. Remove any baseboard molding along the wall where the detail will be installed. 3. Set a laser level to the desired height of the shiplap (this project was 58.25 inches) so everything will be nice and level. Measure from the laser line down to where the baseboard will fit, 49 inches, leaving a 4 inch gap for trim molding above base molding. Any imperfections in the floor will later be covered by the base molding. 4. Based on these measurements, mark the wall with chalked twine at the point where the top of the MDF baseboard will go. 5. Cut the MDF into strips 5.25 inches wide. Cut the strips to length to fit the length of the room at the base of the wall. Attach the strips to the wall with 2" brad nails. Cut more MDF into strips 8 inches wide. Cut the strips to length to fit the length of the wall. Set aside and reserve for later use. 6. Cut the 4 inch molding long enough to fit the length of the room as well as 2 pieces 49 inches in order to case the shiplap. Set aside and reserve for later. 7. Paint all trim, molding, and flatstock the overall trim color, High Reflective White SW 7757, and let dry. Paint the shiplap Coral Island SW 6332, and let dry. 10

DESIGNER DETAIL BEDROOM 4 WALL DETAIL LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE INSTALLER TIPS Wherever the strips meet along the straight portion of the wall, cut scarf joints so the pieces match up to hide the seam. One piece should be cut at a 15-degree angle to the front and the complementary angle on the back. Join the pieces in the corners with 45-degree angles. If there are any electrical or cable outlets or phone jacks exposed, measure and mark the location on the piece of shiplap to make cutouts. Using a drill with a bit large enough to fit a jigsaw blade, drill a hole on the edge of the area to be removed. Be sure to drill within the mark, then cut around the marked area with a jigsaw, starting in the drilled hole. INSTRUCTIONS 8. Liberally apply construction adhesive to the back of one of the long pieces of 4 inch molding and apply directly above the MDF. 9. Liberally apply construction adhesive to the back of shiplap and hold up to the wall so it runs vertically. 10. Place the shiplap onto the wall with the bottom resting on the top of the 4 inch molding strips that were added above the MDF. Quickly pull the panels off the wall part of the way so the adhesive becomes stringy and covers more area on the back. Apply shiplap to the length of the wall, leaving enough space on each end for the 4 inch molding. 11. After putting up the shiplap, tack the base molding to the outside of the MDF at the base with 2-inch brad nails. Be sure the molding also has scarf joints to hide the seams. 12. Liberally apply construction adhesive to the back of the last of the long pieces of 4 inch molding and apply directly above the shiplap to finish casing it. 13. Next attach the reserved 8 inch MDF above the top of the 4 inch trim molding with 2" brad nails. Add the 8 inch painted molding on top of the MDF with 2" brad nails. Be sure the molding also has scarf joints to hide the seams. 14. Finally, add the 6 inch flatstock on its side to the top of the 8 inch flatstock to create a shelf, using the same brad nails as the shiplap and molding. 11

DESIGNER DETAIL BEDROOM 2 WALL DETAIL LEVEL: ADVANCED MATERIALS Pencil Level Miter saw Brad nailer and nails 5.25 Base molding 5.25 Crown molding 4 Flatstock Shaw Valore Plank #734 Parma** Painting supplies Sherwin Williams Paint High Gloss White - SW 7757 INSTRUCTIONS 1. Paint all trim, molding, and flatstock the overall trim color, High Reflective White SW 7757, and let dry. 2. Remove any baseboard and crown molding along the wall where the detail will be installed. Any imperfections near the floor or ceiling will later be covered by the base and crown molding. 3. Measure the wall that the detail will be installed on and cut the laminate flooring to fit. You will need four sections. 4. Using a pencil draw guides along the wall for you to follow. We recommend laying your pattern out on the floor before attaching it to the wall so you have a better idea of how it will install. 12

DESIGNER DETAIL BEDROOM 2 WALL DETAIL LEVEL: ADVANCED INSTALLER TIPS If there are any electrical or cable outlets or phone jacks exposed, measure and mark the location on the planks to make cutouts. Using a drill with a bit large enough to fit a jigsaw blade, drill a hole on the edge of the area to be removed. Be sure to drill within the mark, then cut around the marked area with a jigsaw, starting in the drilled hole. * **This project used Shaw laminate flooring. This could very easily be switched out with wood planks, or pallet wood and stained to get a similar look. INSTRUCTIONS 5. Attach planks to wall with 2-inch brad nails. 6. After putting up the planks, tack the base and crown molding to the bottom and top of the planks with 2-inch brad nails. 7. Attach 4 flatstock under and above the crown and base molding and along the edges where the planks meet the wall with 2-inch brad nails. 8. Finally, Measure the center of the detail and attach flatstock with 2-inch brad nails. Measure the center of the two remaining sections and attach flatstock to create four sections. 13

FINISH NAILS When driving finish nails into trim to secure, position the nails at a slight angle when driving them through the trim, so the wood trim will have a better hold on the drywall or studs. When applying ceiling details, go a step further and criss-cross 2 angled nails, so the trim doesn't droop down due to gravity's downward pull over time. GLOSSARY TIPS & TECHNIQUES DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION Sometimes there may be different methods to achieve the same goal in construction. When applying trim molding with vertical and horizontal intersections, a contractor would advise you to secure the horizontal trim in place first. This is because horizontal trim will intersect with the vertical stud framing behind the drywall, and ensure trim is anchored to that. Some designers, however, would argue that when applying trim with a decorative pattern, the vertical pieces should be affixed first, joined together by the horizontal trim, to draw the eye up for a more elegant design and overall look for your space. PAINT TYPE Matte, Eggshell, Satin, Glossy. Semi-Gloss? So many choices... which finish should you choose!? GLOSSY or SEMI-GLOSS: Use this finish for all wood trim (flatstock, chair rail, moldings) Unless otherwise specified on instructions, use a matte finish on all accent paints applied to the walls and ceilings. DRYWALL Each home s drywall differs slightly in measurement, due to installation variations. Our recommendation? Measure and layout trim with a pencil before installing! QUICK TIP: For trim applied to a wall but not anchored to wood studs, use blue painter's tape to hold in place until glue is dry. MATERIALS Use panel / construction adhesive instead of other glues to ensure trim stays permanently adhered to drywall - especially pieces that are not able to be anchored into wood framing A miter box is shaped like a tray with 2 walls that hold your saw in place at various angles to make accurate wood cuts in millwork like trim molding A nail set is a small metal rod with a tapered tip that is placed on a nail head. Use a hammer to tap the thicker end of the nail set and drive the nail just below the surface of the wood trim. 4" flatstock refers to 1" by 4" wood (not actual dimensions) TRIM SIZE Trim molding comes in all different shapes and cuts (Modern, OGEE, Colonial, etc), and in fact, their measurements are not quite exact. For example, when using 1" x 4" trim molding, the wood actually measures at 3/4" deep 1-1/2" wide. The actual dimensions measure smaller than their labels because they have been trimmed down to the beautiful shapes that make your new home's walls so uniquely detailed. This size difference is another reason why measuring first before installing is important so you can adjust for differences in actual trim size and drywall variances. 14

GLOSSARY TIPS & TECHNIQUES APPLYING MOLDINGS When applying moldings to your wall or ceiling, keep these important points in mind for a smooth installation and dazzling designer look! For a wall or ceiling detail with intersecting box shapes, always apply the molding on the outermost geometric shape so that the tapered edge is facing the outside of the detail. Alternatively, the thicker edge should be facing inward to the wall/ceiling treatment. When flat stock or decorative symmetrical trim "die into" (perpendicularly intersect) other molding/trim, be sure that the intersecting flat stock ends into the thick side of that molding/trim. FOAM TRIM Compared to wood, foam moldings are much lighter in weight. Also, foam will not warp like some woods can over time. Because of foam s light weight, some only require adhesive to apply - no nails! Quality foam molding can be a beautiful substitute trim material! TRIM PROFILES TRIM TYPE When purchasing wood trim, be sure you buy paint-grade wood trim, the more affordable option. 1/2 quarter round 2 flatstock: 3/4 x 1-1/2 5-1/4 crown molding: 9/16 x 5-1/4 3 chair rail: 5/8 x 3 4 base: 9/16 x 3-1/4 4 flatstock: 3/4 x 3-1/2 Look for "clear" woods without knots like white pine or fir but avoid expensive stain grade woods like maple and oak. If you buy paint-grade wood trim that's primed, you'll need to apply only 1 coat of trim-color paint instead of 2... even more savings! CUTTING CORNERS By cutting corners we don t mean taking short cuts! We are referring to cutting crown molding to fit in the corner between two walls in a room. The truth about drywall is that it s not always perfectly square at 90 degrees when it meets in the corners of a room. This causes your mitered corner cuts, joining two pieces, to vary off their 45 degree cuts. Because of this, crown and base board miters require a coping saw to make a custom cut for that perfect connection we know you want! Refine your crown or base by sanding and filing for a tight fit. DON T FORGET Have FUN while you make your house a designer home! Take pictures of your project as you go to save memories of your hard work! 15

Note that execution of the project can cause property damage and bodily injury or death to you and/or others. It may also void your factory or builder warranties, disable safety features, and create hazardous conditions. It is strongly recommended that the project be completed by a licensed contractor. This Designer Details instruction sheet has been developed and prepared by Kay Green Design, Inc. without any knowledge or reference to your experience or skill level, the specific project site, or the type and the quality of the materials and equipment to be used on the project. Due, in part, to these and other variables beyond our control, Kay Green Design, Inc. is not, and will not, be responsible for any use that is made of this instruction sheet, and shall not be liable for any damages whatsoever resulting from or arising in connection with the use of this instruction sheet, including, without limitation, any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any kind, or any attorneys' fees. This instruction sheet is not a product, and absolutely no warranty or guarantee is provided in connection with this instruction sheet. As such, ALL WARRANTIES, WHETHER STATUTORY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRAN- TIES OF QUALITY, DURABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, CONTINUOUS USE, DESIGN, COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW OR PERFORMANCE ARE DISCLAIMED IN THEIR ENTIRETY. You and/or your contractor choose to follow the instructions set forth on this instruction sheet at your sole risk and expense. If you are uncertain about performing any indicated tasks, or do not have sufficient experience working on projects of this type, please reconsider undertaking this project and retain a licensed contractor. It is your, and/or your contractor s, responsibility to follow the material and equipment manufacturers instructions, and to comply with the accepted safety standards. Before starting construction, you should check, and be responsible for, all dimensions and other details, and should review your plans for compliance with governing code requirements for the geographic area in which your site is located. All structural, mechanical and electrical requirements should also be reviewed before the project begins. It is suggested that a local architect be retained to review your plans and make any changes necessary to ensure that they meet all of the requirements. As a condition to Kay Green Design, Inc. providing you with this instruction sheet, you agree to defend and indemnify Kay Green Design, Inc. and its owners, affiliates and employees for all claims, costs, losses or damages resulting, directly or indirectly, from your and/or your contractor s use of this instruction sheet. 16