5G Technology Development in ITRI

5G Technology Development in ITRI Pang-An Ting Division for Emerging Wireless Application Technology ICL/ITRI 2017/01/22

Our Views on 5G R&D Program Internet (EPC) MME S-GW P-GW HSS NFV-based imec GW Small cell GW Local services xhaul Manager Small cell 5G mmwave system 5G mmtc system 5G embb UDN system 3 Key 5G systems (1) embb UDN (2) mmtc (3) mmwave Key sub-systems elements modules Small cell / SON/ UDN NB-IoT and its evolutions Intelligent Mobile Edge Computing (imec) Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure (NFVI) RF components / modules (sub-6ghz / above 6GHz) Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 4

5G 發展時程與規劃 Timeline 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025 Rel 12 Rel 13 Rel 14 (5G SI) Rel 15 (5G SI/WI) Rel 16 (5G Enhanced) Rel 17 (5G Enhanced) 1 st Stage 2 nd Stage 3 rd Stage R&D Pre-5G R&D 5G R&D and Prototyping 5G Solution Commercialization TAIWAN E2E PoC Enterprise UDN prototype Trial system Testing 3GPP SEP B4G SEP Pre-5G / 5G SEP Collaboration Commercialization Local SDO Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 Phase-I : Pre-5G Key tech (2014 ~ 2017) Phase-II : 5G Key tech + standardization (2017 ~ 2020) EU-TW (Phase-I) EU-TW (Phase-II) ICT-14 & METIS-II Future Forum A+ projects TAICS (Taiwan Information and Communication Standard)

LTE-A Small Cell (1/4) ITRI Develop Pre-Commercial Small Cell ITRI L1 soft modem on DSP ITRI develop L2, L3 and system software on ARM IOT with Commercial EPCs NSN (CHT Lab) Cisco (ITRI Field Trial) Commercial Handsets iphone 5 Handset (Qualcomm LTE Chipset) Foxconn infocus Handset (Qualcomm LTE Chipset) ALU Handset (MTK LTE Chipset) HTC Handset (Qualcomm LTE Chipset) Commercial Dongles BandRich LTE Dongle (Qualcomm LTE Chipset) Specification Support 16-UE per TTI Support 5/10/15/20 MHz Support 2*20MHz CA, IRC, ICIC, eicic Maximum Throughput : 212M/20M Output power : 24 dbm 4T4R, SU-MIMO, MU-MIMO SPS/DRX/HARQ Support LWA, LAA Operation Bands: B40, B42, B46 Small Cell Hardware ITRI Small Cell Housing

LTE-A Small Cell (2/4) Taiwan First 2*20MHz Carrier Aggregation Small Cell System Upgrade TD-LTE Throughput from 100 Mbps to 200 Mbps 2*20MHz CA and 64 Concurrent Active UEs High Efficient Cross Carrier Scheduling 2*20MHz carrier component concurrently support primary cell and secondary cell 64 active UEs can simultaneously using carrier aggregation function to upgrade the throughput of each connection Load balancing between two carrier component Max. System Throughput (TDD Mode): 214 Mbps 2 個 20MHz Carrier Aggregation, Throughput 200 Mbps ITRI Small Cell 與 HTC 手機互通測試畫面 64 個 UEs 連線服務 ITRI Small Cell 與 TM500 手機模擬器互通測試畫面 Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 8

LTE LTE-A Small Cell (3/4) ITRI LWA Small Cell Technology Upgrade the throughput of LTE system from original 100 Mbps to 500 Mbps ITRI/MTK Join Developing LTE/Wi-Fi Aggregation(LWA) Technology Joint development of ITRI and MTK ITRI --- Small Cell MTK --- Smart Phone In parallel with 3GPP R13 LWA standards development Among Global Leading Group Dynamic data rate adaptation for the variation of channel quality Performance Up to 500 Mbps LTE : Wi-Fi = 100 : 400 Mbps China Telecom Press Release 9/24 : Cooperation with MediaTek and ITRI to show 3GPP R13 LWA Pioneer Technology technology LTE EPC Emulator & Downlink Traffic Generator LWA Small Cell LTE: TDD Band 40 ITRI LWA Small Cell enb PDCP RLC MAC PHY PDCP PDU encapsulated directly in Ethernet frame (L2 bridging) Cisco Gigabit Switch Wi-Fi AP MAC PHY Commercial Wi-Fi AP 802.11ac @ 5 GHz band No SW/HW change New Control Messages - UE capability report with Wi-Fi MAC address - LWA activation/deactivation - WLAN status report - WLAN measurement report - PDCP packet count report PHY MAC RLC PDCP UE Wi -Fi LWA UE (MT6795) MTK LWA Smart Phone Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 9

Small Cell+SON Field Trial (1/3) Smart Antenna CCO 測試場域建置 : 51 館 5F 建置 6 台具備 Smart Antenna 的 UDCell Capacity and Coverage Optimization Small Cell Smart Antenna ITRI s SON Server Office Meeting Room Dynamic smart antenna beam selection for capacity and coverage optimization Hallway Corridor Hallway Corridor Office Meeting Room Corridor 26m 104m Small Cell with Smart Antenna Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 11

Small Cell+SON Field Trial (2/3) Smart Antenna CCO 測試場域測試結果 : 使用前 KPI:40% 平均 SINR + 30% 覆蓋率 + 30% 平均系統容量使用後 ( 手動設定 : 六台 UDcell, 發射功率 -30dBm + 五個方向全開 ) Before After Average SINR (db) -5.48109 12.701 Coverage 0.5548 1 Per cell average capacity (Mbps) Theory value 45.7634 153.484 Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 12

Small Cell+SON Field Trial (3/3) Smart Antenna CCO 測試場域測試結果 : 使用全向性天線 vs. 使用 Smart Antenna 佈建比較 KPI:40% 平均 SINR + 30% 覆蓋率 + 30% 平均系統容量 Omni Smart Antenna Omni Smart Antenna Average SINR (db) 8.66767 12.701 Coverage 1 1 Per cell average capacity (Mbps) Theory value 130.388 153.484 Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 13

Smart Antenna Based CCO 利用 Smart Antenna 的 961 種不同場型補強通訊涵蓋範圍內訊號不足之處, 搭配基地台發射功率的調整可優化網路訊號品質與覆蓋率提升整體系統容量把基因演算法應用在 CCO 機制上基因演算法收斂速度快, 可在短間內找到接近最佳化的參數設定因為有基因交配與突變之能力, 定期執行 CCO 可使整個網路具有時間越久效果越好之特性 BS 參數組合基因 a 1 2 3 4 (Tx Power, Antenna Beam) Smart Antenna CCO 啟用後 : 12.7dB 參數組合基因 b Omni Antenna CCO 啟用後 : 8.6dB CCO 啟用前 : -5.4dB Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 14

5G NR Splitting Between Central and Distributed Units 3GPP is expected to study different functional splits between central and distributed units. (CU and DU) RRC PDCP High- RLC Low- RLC High- MAC Low- MAC High- PHY Low-PHY RF Data Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5 Option 6 Option 7 Option 8 RRC PDCP High- RLC Low- RLC High- MAC Low- MAC High- PHY Low-PHY RF Data 3GPP TR 38.801-040 (2016.08) Based on LTE protocols stacks. Pros & cons and benefit are capture in TR 38.801. By November RAN2 should update RAN3 on NR protocols stacks (possible joint session) RP-161346 (RAN plenary, 2016.09) Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 15

Network MIMO Prototype System 開發 Network MIMO 關鍵技術支援 Virtualized Small Cell 架構 16 8 Joint Transmission / Precoding 技術克服多基站時間頻率相位同步與通道時變等相關技術問題基站間 CFO < 1ppb; 多用戶預編碼 ; 用戶間干擾 < -25dB System performance 驗證目標設定 8 enbs 8 UEs 下, 頻譜效率增加近 8 倍已規劃於 2017 MWC 進行 Pre-5G Network MIMO 系統展示 LTE-A Virtualized Small Cell 架構 Pre-5G Network MIMO system 8 ITRI Small Cells 8 commercial LTE UEs Joint Transmission / Precoding 技術 8 倍 System Throughput Improvement Network MIMO system Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 16

5G NR Parameters Item Channel Bandwidth Resource Bandwidth Subframe duration Frame duration CP length(overhead) Sampling rate Value 80MHz 72MHz 1ms 10ms Normal :7.03% (144/2048) Extended: FFS/25%(512/2048) 122.88MHz(60k*2048) Subcarrier spacing(khz) 15 30 60 120 240 480 oversampling 32 16 8 4 2 1 FFT size 8192 4096 2048 1024 512 256 Symbol duration w/o CP(samples) CP duration (samples) <sym0~6, sym0 in 0.5ms> 65536 32768 16384 8192 4096 2048 4608 2304 1152 576 288 144 5120 2816 1664 1088 800 656 # of used subcarriers 4800 2400 1200 600 300 144 # of PRBs 400 200 100 50 25 12 Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 17

Data and Control Channel Coding of 5G NR Agreement in RAN1#87: UL embb data channels: Working Assumption to adopt flexible LDPC as the single channel coding scheme for small block sizes (to be confirmed unless significant issues are identified by the RAN1 Jan adhoc in relation to performance, implementation complexity and flexibility) (Note that it is already agreed to adopt LDPC for large block sizes) DL embb data channels: Adopt flexible LDPC as the single channel coding scheme for all block sizes UL control information for embb Adopt Polar Coding (except FFS for very small block lengths where repetition/block coding may be preferred) DL control information for embb Working Assumption to adopt Polar Coding (except FFS for very small block lengths where repetition/block coding may be preferred) To be confirmed unless significant issues are identified by the RAN1 Jan adhoc in relation to performance, latency, power consumption and implementation complexity Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 18

Possible Realization of Radio Head DSP based RFN x86 based RFN RF Accelerators RF Accelerators DSP DSP FPGA x86 FPGA Peripheral Peripheral Memory Memory DSP hardware accelerator X86 (Atom??) Software accelerator (DSP) or Hardware accelerator (FPGA) Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 19

Targeted mmwave Radio Access Technology mmwave Channel Measurement Phased array antenna Beam forming/tracking Blockage Solution mmwave + Channel measurement Get wider available bandwidth to achieve 1~10 Gbps peak data rate Characterize the mmwave channel about RMS delay spread, path loss, path loss exponent, shadowing factor, AoA, AoD, Phased array antenna + Beam-forming Solving mmwave high path loss and propagation loss issues by beam-forming Beam-forming + beam tracking Solving mobility issue under beam-forming Multi-site beam mobility Solving blockage issue under beam-forming in hot spot Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 21

Beam Acquisition and Tracking Scan beam : BS transmits scan beam periodically Schedule beam: BS transmits schedule beam by scheduling Beam 1 2.. 8 Beam 23 PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH Frame i i+1 SSF PUSCH PUSCH PUSCH PDSCH PDSCH PDSCH PDSCH PDSCH PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH Scan beam Schedule beam Network entry Copyright 2017 ITRI 工業技術研究院 26