Maritime S&T Programme Andrew Flinn Dstl Senior Programme Leader Maritime & Strategic Systems
Introduction Context Why Maritime S&T is important Maritime S&T Priorities Maritime S&T Programme
Context for Maritime S&T MOD s 3 priorities Afghanistan Balancing the Defence Budget Strategic Defence Review Defence Green Paper Agility and adaptability Maritime contribution to military tasks The Defence Strategy for Acquisition reform Need to improve Defence exploitation of technology; Building a more coherent science and technology community Reorganising Defence S&T
Why Maritime S&T is important "Naval ships, submarines, aircraft and personnel are currently deployed worldwide conducting national and multi-national operations which support the UK, promote its values and protect its interests and economic prosperity. Protecting the sea lanes for logistic support and global trade Maritime security operations, piracy, trafficking, UK Territorial Waters Ensuring availability of the UK s Nuclear Deterrent First Sea Lord speech 2009 Maritime S&T - best use of what we have and what we have planned! Affordability Whole Life Cost reduction Achieving adequate Military Capability Effective and sustainable enterprise Maritime S&T to examine threats and opportunities for the future Future concepts, horizon scanning, drive innovation CONEMP Developing future capability Transformation of future capability and technology
Maritime S&T Priorities Capability Working Groups Defence Technology Plan Research and Development Objectives Affordable Anti-Submarine Warfare UW Force Protection for Static Threats (inc MCM) Cost Effective Survivability and Operation of Above Water Platforms Above Water Force Protection Force Projection from Above Water Platforms Cost Effective Survivability and Operation of Underwater Platforms http:///strategy/dtplan/default.aspx Defence R&D Board Force Protection at Sea
DE&S S&T and R&D Areas Of Interest: DE&S Maritime Technology Working Group co-ordinates DE&S Ship and Submarine technology priorities Areas of interest across Combat Systems and Platforms systems teams include: Technologies for enhancing situational awareness; WLC reduction of sensors Multi-level safety and security mechanisms. Advanced (power dense) propulsion systems; Energy (heat) management; Signature management; Technologies for manpower reduction; Modular platform systems and control architectures; Technologies for enhanced efficiency and reliability; Integration and operation of off-board systems;
Maritime Science & Technology - UW Programme Ideas Growth Demonstration
Submarine Sensors Options to enable reliable passive acoustic (or non acoustic) detection, classification and identification of low signature targets in complex environments with low false alarm rates. Options for large aperture sonar arrays & picture presentation; Inform incremental upgrades of passive acoustic systems on UW platforms Focused on exploiting full benefits of large aperture arrays 2D image processing Use of signal coherence Adaptive beamforming demonstrated for flank array Sea trials to obtain flank data for development using the Typhon recorder 4-STEP UPDATE PROCESS Research funding DE&S funding 24 MONTH UPGRADE CYCLE DEFENCE LINES OF DEVELOPMENT Requirements steering group Step 1: Concept formulation Step 2: Demo in laboratory Step 3: Demo in relevant environment Step 4: System integration Incremental sonar update to S2054, S2076
Surface Ship Sonar Options that will enable reliable active acoustic (or non acoustic) detection, classification and localisation of low signature targets in complex environments with low false alarm rates Provision of advice and technology options to enable the UK to conduct effective ASW in a legally and environmentally compliant manner. Active Sonar algorithm development Demonstration and data gathering for Wideband Sonar FAR Reduction Trial WHETSTONE, Sept 09, proved wideband equipment at-sea. New wideband sensors & processing to be used in 2010 UK/Fr multi-static sonar development. Demonstrate benefits of multi-static sonar operations using novel waveforms and processing applied to sonar 2087 First live exchange of sonar data between RN and FR navies via military SATCOM Compact Towed Source Wisbech OA In-board
Deployable sensors Options that will enable reliable detection, classification and localisation of low signature targets in complex environments with low false alarm rates with the minimum of operator interaction (to include consideration of sonobuoys); Cost-effective off-board systems to extend the reach, coverage and effectiveness of platform-based sensor systems. Single crystal transducers are a disruptive technology with the potential to revolutionise sonar array design Increased system bandwidth - array rationalisation Compact, Lightweight Devices Reduced payload, improved performance High energy density Fewer, smaller transducers Prototype Devices Multi-octave compact projector for Acoustic Comms Vector hydrophone applicable to OBS and ASW Prototype lower frequency projector
Minehunting and Hydrographic Sensors Define requirements and technology options for reliable high confidence detection of static UW threats Understanding of the underpinning mathematical and physical properties of sensing (physics based modelling); Cost-effective options for DCL of low signature MCM targets by off-board systems in cluttered environments with minimum operator interaction Development of methods for automatic target recognition to inform MHP concept studies & UXV based technology development LF acoustic wideband technology for MCM detection in VSW, SZ & cluttered environments. Develop non-acoustic sensing for MCM &HM. Assess current state of technology & knowledge of performance, cost, risk, inform on NAD contribution to MHPC & future concepts,
UW Comms and Networks Options for underwater NEC to dominate the undersea information domain and to provide the necessary integration with the battlespace across the air-sea interface. Options for reliable and effective underwater command and control of submarines with the maritime battlespace. Reducing the size complexity and cost of submarine antennas; Providing the ability to control remote unmanned UW elements Development of a SSE compatible gateway buoy to inform future submarine comms requirements Future VLF processing to ensure critical interoperability UW Comms & Networks for Static threats & ASW- developing acoustic comms networks required to enable remote systems for future MCM, HM & ASW Development of (underwater) comms and networks to enable remote systems for future MCM, HM & ASW Tactical Paging successfully demonstrated during Taurus-09 with MWC
UW planning and decision making Planning tools and Decision Aids to enable optimised delivery of ASW by the available assets (UK and allied forces); Options to enable the timely compilation and presentation of an appropriate Underwater Picture Develop tactical planning and decision aids that exploit gathered information to support accurate and timely decision-making for countering static UW threats UW Picture Compilation to identify & develop open system options for improving submarine UW picture compilation against shortfalls identified in FY09 & DE&S SM CSG requirements. investigate current ASW planning & decision making, review future trends, identify key questions for development & exploitation Identify IM systems required to Direct, Process, Disseminate future MHP concepts, identify IM options for technology development
UW Geospatial Intelligence Determine the information requirements for maritime geospatial intelligence including the required fidelity, timelines, and format of information. Develop cost effective options for environmental and military data gathering using off-board systems Technology development for HMO & MDG: development of key technologies for future HM concepts for exploitation in MHP programme & future capability insertion Development of H Concepts, performance & feasibility for MHP. Baseline military data gathering requirements, and vignette based analysis validate MDG capability.
UW defensive aids and UW weapons Techniques and technology to reduce the risk to UK assets of UW attack; Establish technology and performance requirements for DAS and maintain expertise to insert capability into UK DAS; Warheads that meet Insensitive Munitions requirements with adequate lethality; Continued ability to accurately assess the effectiveness of UK weapons; Options to enable prosecution of ships and low signature submarines in cluttered environments and in the presence of countermeasures. Assessment of threat & performance of existing and future DAS options Reduce the risk of meeting Insensitive Munitions (IM) requirements for weapon upgrades Development and integration of advanced search, detection and classification algorithms to improve torpedo effectiveness against stealthy threats in littoral environments False Target Classification Waveform design & signal processing Intelligent Search & Guidance.
ASW systems Concepts and options with the potential for meeting the UK s requirements for ASW in the 3rd Epoch and beyond; Tools, techniques and understanding to enable the development of a pan-dlod strategy for Through- Life ASW Capability Management; Ability to assess future ASW options across DLODs All Arms ASW Phase 3 Study will identify future innovative ASW concepts across DLODs and provide technical expert contribution to AAASW systems and performance analysis Develop a capability-based requirement Improved understanding of the contribution of each ASW component Identify key technologies for S&T investment ASW Performance modelling to include future ASW options
MCM Systems and Enabling Technologies Inform concept development, including definition of metrics and goals for future MCM Requirements for autonomy, navigation, communications and sensor integration to counter static UW threats Identify and evaluate threat reduction technologies to counter naval mines Understand the future role of diving Develop EOD techniques and systems to undertake mine disposal Technologies and algorithms for autonomous mine disposal at range from the mother ship Cooperative behaviour between unmanned vehicles, intelligent search, goal-based autonomy for route finding and area search. Use of military divers in future mine clearance operations. FAST: In water demonstration and evaluation trials conducted in Sept 2009 and Feb 2010.
UW Platform Survivability Signature modelling techniques and tools for an increasing range of detection mechanisms Signature control techniques, technologies & materials Develop signature modelling techniques (acoustic and nonacoustic) Develop materials and design options for controlling signatures Develop fundamental techniques for tactical decision aids that enable effective susceptibility management during ops (incl organic signature assessment) Signature Prediction, Monitoring & Control Survivability Risk Assessment Survivability Optimisation Vulnerability & Recoverability
UW Platform Utility UW Platform Utility Assessment of the issues associated with adopting modular open architectures in submarine systems (hardware and software) with safety-critical functions Future platform pre-concept studies More versatile, flexible and adaptable submarines Options for wider use of modular open systems techniques in submarine platforms Investigate potential deployment and use of an ISR UAV launched from a submarine Pre-Concept work for a future UW platform capability Guidance to DUWC and DE&S on future options for utilising unmanned vehicles in the UW domain.
SAUC-E SAUC-E 09, Haslar Basin Competition for students Challenging underwater assault course for UUVs University students from across Europe SAUC-E 10 NURC, La Spezia 3-4 July 2010 http://www.nurc.nato.int/events/sauce10/
Maritime Science & Technology - AW Programme Ideas Growth Demonstration
RADAR TECHNOLOGIES Options for radar system performance that achieves World class clutter cancellation Jammer cancellation. Mutual interference mitigation Proven by trials in a littoral environment Radar technology being developed through ARTIST Some advanced capabilities exploited in MRR De-risking future navigation radar procurements Developing upgrade options for all maritime radars Demonstrating significant clutter improvement and detection in a COTS, Open environment +y axis -z +z axis -y -x +x axis y z`? z? x x` High performance ARTIST Trials at Wallops Island 2010 Radar Target Generator Deployed Side by Side comparison with US ARTIST
NEXT GENERATION ESM: DAPHNE Options for future Radar ES for all domains Reliable, accurate emitter data for SA and threat warning Improved accuracy and robustness of emitter reporting in complex modern environments. Recommendations for extensions to the Defence Electronic Warfare Database to support the definition of complex emitters Improved performance v. mutual interference, and high duty cycle emitters High sensitivity and POI intercept receiver High DOA accuracy Daphne assessment 2009, DART demonstration at sea 2010 Multi-rate, high precision under-sampling and phase preservation RF Digitised RF Pulse Measurements RF Amplifiers RF Combine ADC ADC Detection & Measurement Detection & Measurement Parameter extraction Huge reduction of microwave components & subsystems
Maritime Combat System Architectures Options for the development and performance evaluation of an Above Water Integrated sensor architecture using MOSA principles Maritime tactical picture compilation functions to provide SA in complex environments and C2, tasking and use of Off Board Sensors Concepts to improve maritime combat systems security architectures G&TR reference architecture understand impact of G&TR referencing errors in RN platforms Provide options for cost effective Surface Ship CMS convergence enterprise = who & what exploitation = when & where architecture = which Director Equipment Capability (DEC) / Above Water Effects (AWE) MOSA programme MOSAic rainbow team UK Ministry of Defence Science, Innovation & Technology / Research Acquisition Organisation (SIT/RAO) Defence Equipment & Support (DE&S) / Future Business Group (FBG) MOSA Enterprise Model Study To determine the benefits of an AW Integrated Sensor Suite Improve MOD s understanding of combat system architecture and techniques including data fusion and tactical picture compilation Expt 1 MRR & nav radar fusion Expt 2 integration & fusion of IRST Expt 3 Addition of the tactical picture element Expt 4 MRR, nav radar & ES fusion Extend current error model to enable the effect of G&TR errors on Combat System components to be assessed. BAE Systems dstl EDS MBDA Raytheon Lockheed Martin QinetiQ Thales dstl is part of MOD and also acts as technical adviser to MOD on MOSA
Guided Weapons - Light Weight ASGW Guided Weapons - Light Weight ASGW Options for achieving extended range Local Surface Defence engagements from own ship Optimising FASGW performance from Wildcat Guided weapon vulnerability to ASMD Performance of Team CW LAD solutions Exploiting Team CW 15Kg family Cold water propagation trials FY08/09 Tracking from DS30M FY09/10 Hot Water propagation trials FY10/11 Anti-FIAC Fuze and Warhead Trial FY10/11
Medium Calibre Naval Gun Investigation of a cost effective solution and the utility of 155mm guns to discharge a wider range of munitions for maritime fires. 155mm 52 cal Naval gun Naval combustible charge developed Successful 155mm firings at Eskmeals 155mm Naval Gun de-risked Active cooling investigated Laser ignition investigated 155mm Naval combustible charge Active cooling Laser Ignition 155mm 52cal Naval Gun
Small Calibre Guns & Small Arms Options for maritime force protection using small calibre gun & small Arms. Performance assessment and optimisation through better co-ordination & DLODs Generation of a coherent CIWS strategy Trials and analysis using primary weapons to counter the Small boat threat Small Arms Trial Phase2 FY09/10 Co-ordinated sea trial FY10/11 Networked anti-fiac FY11 FY13 Synthetic environment FY11 FY13
Laser DEW Identify, develop and assess future weapon system options that will provide more cost effective alternatives to current weapon systems Exploitation of the increasing capability of high power laser sources Welding and Cutting, Marking of high precision component Exploitation of UK high power laser source PP-FLAME (Weapons Domain) Investigation of systems, legality and safety issues associated with Maritime Laser DEW DEW propagation and lethality trials Laser DEW system technologies DEW pointing and tracking
RF & EO Counter Measures Objectives: Understand the capabilities and vulnerabilities of current and future AW threats. Quantify the capability delivered by currently funded programmes against the current and future AW threat. Identify & mature technologies to deliver LAD capability where current and funded programmes are recognised to deliver reduced performance. ACCOLADE is a Joint UK/French Technology Demonstrator Programme to mature Active RF offboard CM technologies. Assessment of RF CM capability may require an advanced ASM RF threat emulator Develop EOCM technologies to counter the laser guided littoral threat including the offboard laser decoy as a potential low cost solution
AW Survivability To understand the impact of ship system design features on the cost of survivability and provide robust cost estimates of the various components of survivability. To develop a validated tool to enable prioritisation and balancing of combinations of ship survivability features by their effect on mission success and cost. Establish a common basis for estimating costs for ship survivability across MoD and Industry. Integrated assessment of Susceptibility, Vulnerability & Recoverability. Improve capability within the MISSION model (Maritime Integrated Survivability SimulaTION), by inputting SURVIVE data, ODIN & TMSS data into MISSION. Monte-Carlo statistical simulation of a task group Susceptibility Vulnerability Recoverability
Maritime Unmanned Systems Integration Options to enable FSC and MHPV to readily adapt using equipment & deployable uninhabited vehicles To provide options that address ship and safety implications of UXV L&R. To inform relevant Concept Studies and Cost Capability Tradeoffs. Identify interfaces for integration of different UXV systems into AW platforms Assess safety issues surrounding the operation of UXV from AW platforms
Partial Air Cushion Supported CATamaran Partial Air Cushion Supported CATamaran To inform concept development and system design decisions for future Fast Landing Craft (Mk11, Mk6) Landing Craft Air Cushion (Medium), and Special Forces insertion craft, based on an understanding the survivability requirements. Innovative Solution Demonstrator Craft (ISDC) Plans for Contractor sea trials & User sea trials
Potential New Maritime S&T projects Future UW platform concept design trades Modular open systems for safety critical applications Scoping for Submarine launched UAV Information management systems for MHP (UW) Comms and networks for MHP HM concepts performance and feasibility Anti-ship missile RF emulator Laser Decoy Investigation of DEW Pointing & Tracking
Points of Contact Andrew Flinn Dstl Senior Programme Leader Maritime & Strategic Systems 02392 532416 / 07919 560 813 arflinn@dstl.gov.uk Ben Evans DE&S Science Gateway 030 679 32198 bevans@dstl.gov.uk David Lewis Dstl Programme Leader /Maritime 02392 532229 djlewis@dstl.gov.uk