Second Edition CHEMICAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT Design and Drawing Volume I Suresh C. Maidargi
CHEMICAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT
CHEMICAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT Design and Drawing VOLUME I Second Edition SURESH C. MAIDARGI Former Professor Department of Chemical Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Bangalore Delhi-110092 2016
CHEMICAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT Design and Drawing, Volume I, Second Edition Suresh C. Maidargi 2016 by PHI Learning Private Limited, Delhi. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN-978-81-203-5150-9 The export rights of this book are vested solely with the publisher. Second Printing (Second Edition) October, 2015 Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, PHI Learning Private Limited, Rimjhim House, 111, Patparganj Industrial Estate, Delhi-110092 and Printed by Mudrak, 30-A, Patparganj, Delhi-110091.
To His Holiness, Pranava Swaroopa, SRI SRI RAVI SHANKAR GURUJI
Contents Foreword Preface xiii xv 1. Introduction 1 3 1.1 Objectives of This Book 2 2. Essentials of Drawing 4 16 2.1 Compass Tools 4 2.2 Mini Drafter 4 2.3 Neatness 5 2.4 Finish 5 2.5 Drawing Sheets 5 2.6 Layout of Drawing Sheets 5 2.7 Revision Panel 6 2.8 Title Block 6 2.9 Numbering of Sheets 6 2.10 Parts List 6 2.11 Numbering and Referencing 7 2.12 Referencing 7 2.13 Folding Drawing Sheets and Prints 8 2.14 Lines, Lettering and Scales 9 2.14.1 BIS Recommendations 9 2.14.2 Line Conventions 9 2.14.3 Lettering 10 2.14.4 Scales 11 2.15 Dimensioning 11 2.15.1 Lines and Symbols Used in Dimensioning 12 2.16 Need for Sectioning and Sectional View 14 2.16.1 How to Get Sectional View 15 2.16.2 Representation of Section Plane 15 2.17 Section Lines and Hatching 15 2.18 Hatching Lines Details 15 2.19 Selection of Section Planes 16 vii
viii CONTENTS 3. Equipment Symbols 17 30 3.1 Important Equipment Symbols 17 3.2 Piping Symbols and Pipe Joints 29 4. Proportionate Drawings of Some Parts of Equipment 31 42 4.1 Vessel Components 31 4.1.1 Vessel Openings and Nozzle Attachments 31 4.1.2 Pad Attachments to Vessel Wall with Tapped Holes for Studs 31 4.1.3 Extended Nozzle with Flanged Joint 33 4.1.4 Nozzle with Flanges at Either End 33 4.1.5 Nozzle with Bent Tube Inside and Flanged Attachment 34 4.1.6 Manhole and Cover (Normally 500 mm F Circular or 500 mm 450 mm Oval Opening) 34 4.1.7 Sight Glass and Light Glass Assemblies 34 4.1.8 Flanged Cover for the Vessel 36 4.1.9 Loose Flange for Vessel 36 4.1.10 Ring Type Flange with Eye Bolts (Quickly Operable Nozzle with Cover) 37 4.1.11 Jacketed Vessel 38 4.2 Pipe Flanges 42 5. Proportionate Drawings of Some Common Equipment 43 56 5.1 Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger 43 5.1.1 Schematic Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger 43 5.2 Typical 1 1 Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger 45 5.3 A Typical Photo of Arrangement of Tubes in the Heat Exchanger 45 5.4 Reboiler with Internal Floating Head 46 5.5 Heat Exchanger with Expansion Bellows 47 5.6 Double Pipe Heat Exchanger 48 5.7 Reaction Vessels 49 5.7.1 Typical Reaction Vessel 51 5.8 Evaporators 51 5.8.1 Standard Short Tube Vertical Evaporator 51 5.8.2 Tube Layout of Short Tube Vertical Evaporator 51 5.9 Long Tube Vertical Evaporator 52 5.10 External Calendria Vertical Short Tube Evaporator 53 5.11 Basket Type Short Tube Vertical Evaporator 54 5.12 Distillation or Fractionating Column 56 6. Dimensioned Drawings of Some Fittings 57 71 6.1 Cotter and Pin Joints 57 6.1.1 Socket and Spigot Cottor Joint 57 6.1.2 Orthographic View of Socket and Spigot Joint 59 6.1.3 Assembled Drawing of Socket and Spigot Joint 59 6.2 Cotter Joint with Sleeve 60 6.2.1 Assembled View of Cotter and Sleeve Joint 62 6.3 Knuckle or Pin Joint 62 6.3.1 Assembled View of Knuckle Joint 65
CONTENTS ix 6.4 Coupling Joints 65 6.4.1 Box or Muff or Sleeve Coupling 66 6.4.2 Parts Drawing of Muff or Sleeve Coupling 68 6.4.3 Assembled View of Muff or Sleeve Coupling 69 6.5 Unprotected Flanged Coupling 69 6.5.1 Parts Drawing of the Unprotected Flange Coupling 69 6.5.2 Orthographic View of Unprotected Flange Coupling 70 6.5.3 Assembled View of Unprotected Flange Coupling 70 7. Dimensioned Drawings of Some Pipe Fittings 72 83 7.1 Pipe Joints 72 7.1.1 Flanged Pipe Joint 72 7.1.2 Assembled View of Flanged Pipe Joint 74 7.1.3 Hydraulic Pipe Joint 74 7.1.4 Assembled View of Hydraulic Pipe Joint 74 7.2 Union Joint 76 7.2.1 Parts Drawing of Union Joint 76 7.2.2 Assembled View of Union Joint 76 7.3 Gland and Stuffing Box 78 7.3.1 Parts Drawing of Gland and Stuffing Box 79 7.3.2 Assembly of Gland and Stuffing Box 80 7.4 Gland and Stuffing Box Expansion Joint 81 7.4.1 Gland and Stuffing Box Parts 81 7.4.2 Assembly Drawing of Gland and Stuffing Box Expansion Joint 83 8. Dimensioned Drawings of Some Valves 84 112 8.1 Valves 84 8.1.1 Gate Valve 85 8.1.2 Non-rising Gate Valve Description 87 8.1.3 Parts Drawing of Non-rising Gate Valve 87 8.2 Stop Valve 90 8.2.1 Part Drawing of Stop Valve: drg 1 of 2 and drg 2 of 2 90 8.3 Junction Stop Valve 94 8.4 Non-return Valve (NRV) 99 8.5 Feed Check Valve 103 8.6 Rams Bottom Safety Valve 103 8.6.1 Parts Description and Detailed Drawing of Rams Bottom Safety Valve 103 8.7 Blow Off Cock 108 8.7.1 Description of Blow Off Cock 108 8.8 Cock Stop Valve or Plug Valve 108 9. Dimensioned Drawings of Some Pumps 113 132 9.1 Pump 113 9.1.1 Centrifugal Pump 113 9.1.2 Description of Centrifugal Pumps 116 9.2 Gear Pump 122 9.2.1 Theory of Operation 122 9.2.2 Description of Parts of Gear Pump 124
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