GMT Instruments and AO GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 1
Instrument Status Scientific priorities have been defined Emphasis on: Wide-field survey science (cosmology) High resolution spectroscopy (abundances, Doppler planets) Adaptive optics (planets, star formation, galaxy dynamics) Limited imaging capability Queue-mode operating model adopted Eight instrument concepts have been proposed At different levels of development Conceptual design studies are required Down select will occur for ~ 3 first-light instruments GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 2
Instrument Concepts Instrument Function λ range (microns) Resolution FOV GMACS NIRMOS QSpec SHARPS GMTNIRS MIISE HRCam GMTIFS Optical Multi-Object Spectrometer Near-IR Multi-Object Spectrometer Optical High Resolution Spectrometer Optical High Resolution (Doppler) Spectrometer Near-IR High-Resolution Spectrometer Mid-IR Imaging Spectrometer 0.35-1.0 250-4000 64-200 arcmin^2 1.0-2.5 Up to ~4000 49 arcmin^2 0.3-1.05 30K 1 slit 3 + fibre mode 0.4-0.7 150K 7 x 1 fibers 1.2-5.0 25K-100K Single object 3.0-25.0 1500 30 Near-IR AO Imager 0.9-5.0 5-5000 30 NIR AO-fed IFU 0.9-2.5 3000-5000 3 GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 3
Adaptive Optics Modes Mode Description FOV Resolution Instruments GLAO LTAO NGSAO ExAO MCAO MOAO Ground Layer Adaptive Optics Laser Tomography Adaptive Optics Natural Guide Star Adaptive Optics Extreme Adaptive Optics Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics Multi-Object Adaptive Optics 7 arcmin 0.2 arcsec NIRMOS 30 arcsec 0.01 arcsec GMTIFS, HRCam 10 arcsec 0.01 arcsec MIISE, HRCAM 10 arcsec 0.01 arcsec HRCam 90 arcsec 0.01 arcsec TBD 10/90 arcsec 0.01 arcsec TBD GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 4
Instrument Capabilities Resolving Power 5000 50000 500 QSpec GMACS GMTNIRS GMTIFS NIRMOS MIISE Camera HRCam 0.3 1.0 5.0 10.0 Wavelength (μm) GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 5
Accommodating Wide-Field and Narrow-Field/AO Instruments GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 6
Gregorian Instrument Mounting Large survey instruments mount below IP AO instruments - always hot above IP GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 7
GMACS Visible Multi-Object Spectrometer GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 8
GMACS Overview Multi-object, multi-slit spectrograph 4x spectrographs, each with blue and red arms Field of view: 8 x 18 arcmin (~ 200 x 5 arcsec slits) Wavelength range: 0.36 1.02 μm Resolving power with 0.7 arcsec slit: R ~ 1400 in blue (215 km/s) R ~ 2700 in red (110 km/s) (for accurate sky subtraction) Cross-over at 6500 Å Collimated beam diameter: 300 mm No direct imaging capability GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 9
GMACS Optical Design x1 GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 10
GMACS Optical Layout x4 GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 11
GMACS Mechanical Layout 4 x 2 channel Field lens, slit mask, pick-off mirrors Mask changer Disperser changer GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 12
NIRMOS Near-Infrared Multi-Object Spectrometer GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 13
NIRMOS Overview Wavelength range: 0.85 2.5 μm Imaging Mode: 7 x 7 arcmin field of view 0.067 arcsec/pixel 6kx6k detector Spectroscopy Mode: Multi-slits: 140 x 3 arcsec long, full λ coverage 5 x 7 arcmin field of view R ~ 3000 with 0.5 arcsec slits Augmented by GLAO GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 14
NIRMOS Opto-Mechanical Layout GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 15
GMACS/NIRMOS Interchangability GMACS active NIRMOS active GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 16
Upper Instrument Platform Instruments GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 17
Upper Instrument Platform 10 m x 16.5 m GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 18
QSpec Visible High Resolution Spectrometer GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 19
QSpec Overview Four beam instrument 450 mm beam diameter R4 echelle gratings (x2): 200 x 1600 mm Rφ = 30,000 arcsecs λλ = 300 nm to 1.07 µm (in four channels) 2-pixel resolving power is R=125,000 Pupil anamorphism White pupil design VPH grating cross-dispersion Four catadioptric cameras 4k x 6.5k to 6k x 8k CCDs (with 15 µm pixels) GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 20
QSpec Optical design Red: 536 to 734 nm NIR: 723 to 1072 nm 1 m UV: 299 to 389 nm Blue: 383 to 545 nm GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 21
QSpec on Instrument Platform GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 22
Gravity-Invariant QSpec on C-Ring GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 23
SHARPS Super HARPS GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 24
SHARPS Overview Planet Doppler spectroscopy Fiber-fed: 7x (obj, sky, cal) x 1.0 arcsec fibers Resolving power ~ 150,000 Wavelength: > 4400 6700 Å White pupil spectrograph design CCD mosaic detector Deep depletion CCDs for red orders Vacuum-enclosed spectrograph High-stability thermal environment Bulky enclosure GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 25
SHARPS Optical Layout GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 26
SHARPS at Coudé Feed GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 27
GMTNIRS GMT Near-Infrared Spectrometer GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 28
GMTNIRS Overview Short Wavelength: 1.2 2.4 μm (H & K covered in a single exposure) Slit-limited resolving powers: R = 50,000, 0.3 arcsec slit 6 pixels R3 immersion echelle grating f/3 camera => 14 arcsec per order 4096x4096 detector => 15 orders at K Long Wavelength (with AO): 2 5 μm wavelength range Diffraction-limited resolving powers: λ = 3.6 μm, R = 133,000, 0.06 arcsec slit 3 pixels λ = 4.8 μm, R = 100,000, 0.08 arcsec slit 4 pixels f/7.8 camera => 0.85 arcsec per order at L 2048x2048 detector GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 29
GMTNIRS Optical Layout Short Wavelength Long Wavelength tertiary fpa cross-disperser tertiary FPA secondary primary paraboloid echelle primary cross disperser echelle paraboloid collimator slit fold paraboloid from GMT Cold pupil 200.00mm Scale: 1/8 200.00 mm Scale: 1/8 GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 30
GMTNIRS Mechanical Layout GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 31
GMTNIRS on Instrument Platform GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 32
Adaptive Optics Instruments GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 33
Adaptive Optics Concept Single DM with common wave front sensing Asterism of 6 laser guide stars Variable extent on sky Adaptive Secondary Mirror Straight-through path to GLAO Dichroic folds to LTAO, thermal NGS, & ExAO Diffraction limit: 0.010 arcsec at 1.0 μm 0.020 arcsec at 2.0 μm 0.040 arcsec at 4.0 μm 3x better than Gemini GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 34
Scientific Impact of 0.016 Images LTAO in the H band, 1 hr exposure, Antennae at z=1.4 GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 35
Latest AO Reimaging Concept GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 36
AO System on Instrument Platform LGS WFS GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 37
MIISE Mid-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 38
MIISE Overview Wavelength range: 3-25 μm Field of view: 30 40 arcsec Resolving power: R ~ 1500 Modes: Imaging Spectroscopy Nulling (8-25 μm) Coronography (3-5 μm) Short wavelength channel: 3-5 μm, 0.010 arcsec/pixel Long wavelength channel: 8-25 μm, 0.030 arcsec/pixel GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 39
MIISE Optical Design dichroic 3-5 micron detector 8-25 micron detector input from AO feed nulling channel long wavelength imaging channel 2 micron phase sensor GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 40
MIISE Location at Direct Focus GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 41
GMTIFS GMT Integral-Field Spectrograph GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 42
GMTIFS Overview Single-object, AO-corrected, integral-field spectroscopy Wavelength range: 1.0 2.5 μm Resolving power: R = 4000 5000 Range of spatial sampling and fields of view: Galaxy dynamics: 0.05-0.10 arcsec sampling, 2-3 arcsec FOV Black hole masses: Diffraction-limited sampling, small FOV Spaxel size along slit (arcsec) 0.008 0.016 0.032 0.054 Slitlet width (arcsec) 0.020 0.040 0.080 0.135 Field of view (arcsec) 0.80 1.6 3.2 5.4 GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 43
GMTIFS Optical Layout Pupil Mirror Field Mirror Slicer Window Telescope Focus F-converter Collimator Image plane Pupil plane Grating Camera Fold Detector GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 44
AO System on Instrument Platform LGS WFS GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 45
HRCam High Resolution Camera GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 46
HRCam Overview Wavelength range: 1 2.5 μm Sampling: 0.003 (f/46) and 0.010 (f/15) arcsec/pixel Field of view: 13 (f/46) and 40 (f/15) arcsec Detector: 4096x4096 pixels Imaging: JHK + narrow bands Sensitivity: Must reach H & K ~ 25 mag IFU spectroscopy: 50x50 spaxels with 0.020 arcsec/spaxel Resolving power: R ~ 3000-5000 GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 47
HRCam Optical Layout GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 48
Still to be developed GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 49
Optical Reimaging Camera GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 50
Multiple Integral Field Spectroscopy ~ 10 IFUs MOAO-fed R ~ 4000 0.1 spaxels GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 51
Summary Wide range of work-house capabilities Will it address key science in 10 yr time? Which will be the 1 st generation instruments? Are we catering for 2 nd & 3 rd generation instruments? GMT Science Meeting - March 2008 52
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