CHAPTER 4: LESSON SPECIFICATIONS COURSE TITLE: RED STAR COURSE ENABLING OBJECTIVE AND TEACHING POINTS BUSHCRAFT: 403.21 1. PERFORMANCE Employ voice procedures. 2. CONDITIONS: a. Given paper and pen; and b. Denied assistance. CTS NUMBER: A-CR-CCP-116/PC-001 TRAINING DETAILS 5. TIME One 30 minute period. 6. METHOD/APPROACH: a. lecture; b. demonstration; and c. performance. 4-37/4-38 3. STANDARD The cadet will use the phonetic alphabet and apply the communication operating rules: 4. TEACHING POINTS: a. Phonetic alphabet; b. Operating rules; and c. Radio net. 7. SUBSTANTIATION The use of phonetic alphabet and application of operating rules will ensure effective communication and security of every one during a field exercise or expedition. 8. REFERENCES Cadet Reference Book (pages 3-72 to 3-74) and Master Lesson Plan. 9. TRAINING AIDS Radio. 10. TEST DETAILS As per the Standard Statement. 11. REMARKS- This lesson ins an introduction to voice procedure and radio communications. a. Have cadet practice the phonetic alphabet by spelling their name and address; and b. Practice these skills in a voice procedure exercise part of a FTX. A-CR-CCP-119/PH-001
A-CR-CCP-121/PT-001 Never provoke a big animal. Moose, caribou, elk, musk ox, and even domestic cattle will protect their territory and their young. Give them a polite amount of space. If confronted, stay in a group and back away slowly. Think of the headlines, Cadets trampled by Bessie the cow. Report all animal attacks to local wildlife authorities. POISONOUS SNAKES Poisonous snakes are rare in Canada. Rattlesnakes live in limited numbers in south-western Ontario and south-central BC. Bites are painful but not usually fatal. These snakes will likely be found on warm rocks, or curled up in crevices and under rocks, in dry and warm climates during the summer months (May to Sept). Give them their space as they will only attack in self-defence. Any bite victim must seek medical attention immediately. Move the victim away from the snake to avoid a second bite. Treat victims by rinsing the bite area with clean water, applying a cold compress, immobilizing and elevating the bite area, keeping them calm and transporting them with the victim at rest. Be prepared for the victim to develop respiratory problems. Do not apply a tourniquet. Report a bite or sighting to local wildlife authorities. EO 403.21: EMPLOY VOICE PROCEDURES For some training you may be issued a radio to assist communications between teams and the headquarters, or other components of your corps. While the mechanics of a radio, its range, type of antenna, etc. will vary, the way that you talk on the air is guided by national and international standards. The skill of talking on a radio is referred to as voice procedure. The phonetic alphabet is a universally recognized radio communications aid, which assigns a common word to represent each letter of the alphabet. You use the phonetic alphabet when you have difficult words or groups in the text that you are communicating. When you are going to spell a word you would say, "I SPELL". Example: "Home base just to let you know the I SPELL Charlie Alpha Kilo Echo is ready" 3-69
A-CR-CCP-121/PT-001 Numbers are often used to give a grid reference or numbers of items. When you are about to tell numbers on the radio you would say "FIGURES". Decimal are: DAY-SEE-MAL. Example: "Home base we had chili last night, and we need FIGURES Wun Fife Zero rolls of toilet paper quick!" A Alpha B Bravo C Charlie D Delta E Echo F Foxtrot G Golf H Hotel I India J Juliet K Kilo L Lima M Mike N November O Oscar P Papa Q Quebec R Romeo S Sierra T Tango U Uniform V Victor W Whisky X X-ray Y Yankee 5 FIFE Z Zulu 6 SIX 1 WUN 7 SEV-EN 2 TOO 8 AIT 3 TREE 9 NIN-ER 4 FO- WER 0 ZE-RO Operating Rules: a. emergency calls take priority over all other calls. If you are talking then stop and wait until the emergency is finished; b. do not chat; c. be brief write down your message before talking; and d. profane, indecent or obscene language is forbidden. To aid in security and keeping the message short, key people have been given appointment titles. Prowords are words or phrases that have assigned meanings for the purpose of expediting messages. Position Commander 2I/C Medical Representative Movements Staff Supply and Transport Call Sign Sunray Sunray Minor Starlight Contractor Playtime 3-70
A-CR-CCP-121/PT-001 Proword Acknowledge Affirmative/ Roger All Stations Correction Fetch Figures Go Ahead Grid I Say Again I spell No Duff (MayDay) Message Negative Out Over Radio Check Send Sitrep This Is Wait Wait Out Explanation the message has been received yes, or permission granted the following message is for everyone an error has been made. The correct version is go and get this person numbers are to follow proceed with your message used before any grid reference When you are saying the message again for clarification, don t use the word repeat for this. used before you spell a word phonetically emergency command or transmission a message that you will have to record follows no, or that is not correct conversation ended, last word spoken my transmission is ended and I'm waiting for a response what is my signal strength and readability I'm ready for your message situation report lets you know who is sending the message I must pause briefly ( up to 5 seconds) I must pause for longer than a few seconds, I will contact you when I m ready to proceed. RADIO NET Each team with a radio has to have a number to distinguish themselves. It usually start's as home base is ZÉRO, team 1 is ONE, team 2 is TWO etc. When you start a transmission you say whom you want to talk to, then who you are. After they reply you start your message with who you are then the message. Example 1: ONE, this is ZÉRO over.. ZÉRO, this is ONE, SEND OVER.. ZÉRO, how is everything at your location OVER.. ONE, everyting is good OVER.. ZÉRO, ROGER OUT 3-71
ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS Star Program Master Lesson Plan RED STAR COURSE PO: BUSHCRAFT ENABLING OBJECTIVE(S): 403.21: Employ Voice Procedure REFERENCE(S): A. A-CR-CCP-119/PH-001 Red Star Course Training Plan, Chapter 4; Page 4-37/4-38. B. A-CR-CCP-121/PT-001 Cadet Reference Book, Pages 3-72 to 3-74. C. ACP-125 CANSUPP-1(B) Radiotelephone Procedure for the Canadian Forces (Land Environment); Chapter 1, Arts 102, 105, and 106. SUPPLEMENTARY REFERENCE(S): N/A TRG AID(S): A. OHP B. OHP Slides STUDENT AID(S): A. Pencil and notebook B. Red Star Handbook METHOD: Lesson, Demonstration and Performance TIME: 1 x 30 Minutes REVIEW TIME: 2 Minutes I EO 403.20: DISCUSS DANGEROUS ANIMALS 1. What should you do if bitten by a poisonous snake? Answer: Snakebites must be treated immediately. First the victim should be moved away to prevent a second bite. Treat victims by rinsing the bite area with clean water, applying a cold compress, immobilizing and elevating the bite area, keeping them calm and transporting them with the victim at rest. Be prepared for the victim to develop respiratory problems 2. What should you do if you encounter a bear? Answer: In the case of confrontation or attack, stick together and keep your pack on. Face the animal and back away slowly. You cannot outrun or out-climb a bear so do not try. INTRODUCTION TIME: 1 Minute 2006-05-04 1/7
WHAT: WHY: WHERE: During this period of instruction cadets will learn how to properly employ voice procedure for the land environment. The use of the phonetic alphabet and application of operating use will ensure the effectiveness communication and security of everyone during a field exercise or expedition. When cadets go on their field training exercise, you may have the opportunity to use a radio. It is essential that you know proper radio procedure. BODY I STAGE 1: COMMUNICATIONS INSTR NOTES TIME: 8 Minutes 1. Radio Communications: When in the field or on the range, the military communicate by radio. A military radio communication is not the same thing as a telephone conversation. There are standard procedures that everyone must follow, and a certain way of speaking. There are a number of reasons for these standards: a. If people do not use established radio procedures, confusion can result. Standard procedures were developed so that anyone in the Canadian Forces could communicate with anyone else with ease and simplicity. b. Communications must be as brief and concise as possible to save time and to pass on messages as quickly and accurately as possible. c. Messages must be easy to understand and instructions clear. Guidelines have been developed to communicate different types of information in the most efficient manner. 2. Phonetics: Phonetics is the study of pronunciation. The phonetic alphabet is a series of words to represent the letters of the alphabet. When pronounced correctly, you cannot mistake one of these words for another. 3. Spelling over the Radio: This alphabet is used when you must spell out a location or a complex word over the radio. The radio procedure to indicate you are going to spell something phonetically is as follows: EXAMPLE: Halifax - I SPELL Hotel Alpha Lima India Foxtrot Alpha Xray Halifax. You must always say I SPELL before you spell out anything phonetically to give the person receiving your message some warning. 4. The Phonetic Alphabet and Pronunciations: 2/7
Letter Phonetic Spoken As A ALPHA AL FAH B BRAVO BRAH VOH C CHARLIE CHAR LEE D DELTA DELL TAH E ECHO ECK OH F FOXTROT FOKS TROT G GOLF GOLF H HOTEL HOH TEL I INDIA IN DEE AH J JULIETT JEW LEE ETT K KILO KEY LOH L LIMA LEE MAH M MIKE MIKE N NOVEMBER NO VEM BER O OSCAR OSS CAR P PAPA PAH PAH Q QUEBEC KEH BECK R ROMEO ROW ME OH S SIERRA SEE AIR RAH T TANGO TANG GO U UNIFORM YOU NEE FORM V VICTOR VIK TAH W WHISKEY WISS KEY X XRAY ECKS RAY Y YANKEE YANG KEY Z ZULU ZOO LOO 5. Numerals: To distinguish numbers from words that are similarly pronounced, the word FIGURES is used before communicating the numerals. These figures are pronounced as follows: Numeral Spoken As 0 ZE-RO 1 WUN 2 TOO 3 TREE 4 FOW-ER 5 FIFE 6 SIX 7 SEV-EN 8 ATE 9 NIN-ER II CONFIRMATION STAGE 1 3/7
1. Practice listing the phonetic alphabet. Emphasize clear and correct pronunciation. Cadets can practice spelling out their names, etc. 2. Practice the pronunciation of the numerals. III STAGE 2: OPERATING RULES AND RADIO NET TIME: 8 Minutes 1. Operating Rules: When operating military radio equipment, it is essential to follow the general rules of operation. Operating rules are in place to maintain security, ensure complete and accurate transmission of information and to ensure safety is not jeopardized. The general rules to follow are: a. Names: Do not send names, ranks or nicknames of people over the air. b. Messages should be clear and natural. Talk normally as you would face to face or over the telephone. c. Pause for 5 seconds after transmitting a long message. Continuous transmissions deny priority calls access to the net (they are unable to break through). d. Never interrupt another transmission. Wait until the first call is complete. e. Be brief and do not chat! Do not send unnecessary messages. Keep all messages short and concise. f. Think about, or if possible, write the message down before sending it. All messages, both outgoing and incoming, should be written down. g. Make corrections promptly and concisely. h. Never violate radio silence except in an emergency. i. Emergency calls take priority over all others. During an emergency, all uninvolved stations will cease transmitting and will not resume until told to do so by the controlling station. 2. Appointment Titles: As mentioned, you will not transmit someone s name over the radio. However, you still will be required to refer to people. Appointment titles are used to refer to 4/7
officers in command or to other holders of service appointments. The main appointment titles we should remember are: a. Sunray: Commander b. Sunray Minor: 2IC c. Molar: Logistics staff/quartermaster d. Pronto: Signals representative e. Playtime: Supply and transport representative. 3. Prowords: Prowords are words or phrases that have assigned meanings that allow us to send messages quickly. The most commonly used prowords are listed in the course handout to this lesson. The following are the prowords that you will use during this lesson: Emphasize the correct pronunciation of each word. a. ACKNOWLEDGE: An instruction to the addressee that the message must be acknowledged. This is usually followed by the proword ROGER (by the addressee). b. CLEAR, READABLE, DISTORTED, etc: Report on your readability. c. LOUD, GOOD, WEAK, etc: Report on your signal strength. d. NOTHING HEARD: To be used when no reply is received from a called station. e. OUT: This is the end of my transmission to you and no answer is expected. f. OVER: This is the end of my transmission to you and a response is necessary. Go ahead; transmit. g. RADIO CHECK: What is my signal strength and readability? h. RELAY: Station called is to relay the message to the station indicated. j. ROGER: I have received your last transmission satisfactorily. k. SAY AGAIN: Repeat your last transmission. 5/7
m. SEND: I am ready to receive your message. n. WAIT OUT: I must pause for longer than a few seconds. 4. Radio Net: Each team with a radio has to have a number to distinguish themselves. It usually start's as home base is ZÉRO, team 1 is ONE, team 2 is TWO etc. When you start a transmission you say whom you want to talk to, then who you are. After they reply you start your message with who you are then the message. Example 1: ONE, this is ZERO over. ZERO, this is ONE, SEND OVER. ZERO, how is everything at your location OVER. ONE, everything is good OVER. ZERO, ROGER OUT IV CONFIRMATION STAGE 2 1. What is the call sign for the 2IC? Answer (Stage 2, para 2b) 2. What are some operating procedures? Answer (Stage 2, para 1 a-j) PERFORMANCE CHECK TIME: 10 Minutes I II The Cadet will use the phonetic alphabet and apply the operating procedures using a radio. Cadets will participate correctly in the following: 1. Spell their full name using the phonetic alphabet. 2. As member of groups designate call signs and conduct a simple exercise using operating procedures and using the phonetic alphabet. CONCLUSION TIME: 1 Minute SUMMARY: A. During this period of instruction cadets have been introduced to radio communications and the phonetic alphabet. B. All radio communications must be as clear and brief as possible. Standard procedures have been established to ensure this. The phonetic alphabet ensures that difficult words are communicated accurately. RE-MOTIVATE: A. Comment on student progress. 6/7
B. It may take cadets some time to memorize the phonetic alphabet and operating procedures, but keep they should keep practicing. Once they begin using the radio, it will become second nature to them. C. This is the last Bushcraft lesson in the Red Star course. You will practice and be tested on your skills during a field training exercise. The next lesson in Bushcraft will be in Silver Star and it is Discuss Survival Psychology and Strategy. 7/7