The Future of the US Space Program and Educating the Next Generation Workforce IEEE Rock River Valley Section RVC Woodward Tech Center
Overview of NASA s Future 2
Space Race Begins October 4, 1957 3
The Vision May 25, 1961 President Kennedy's Special Message to the Congress on Urgent National Needs I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth. 4
Astronaut Selection Seven test pilots were the first astronauts Thirteen women passed the same physical and psychological tests that selected the Mercury 7 5
Project Mercury 1959-1963 6
Project Gemini 1962-1966 7
Project Apollo 1967-1975 8
Space Transportation System 1970 Concept 9
Space Shuttle Program (1981-2011) 10
Space Shuttle Program (1981-2011) 11
International Space Station 24/7 Unique Laboratory 12
International Space Station 24/7 Unique Laboratory 13
Space Tragedies
Challenger 15
Columbia 16
Apollo 1 / Challenger / Columbia Normalization of Deviance To the Stars Through Adversity - Always Exploring CAIB Report 17
NASA's Fallen Explorers Apollo 1 Jan 27, 1967 Challenger Jan 28, 1986 Columbia Feb 1, 2003 18
Roger s Report & CAIB Summary The Roger s Commission (Challenger) indicated NASA required ironclad proof of impending mission failure before approving delays or aborts Shuttle budget was combined with ISS resulting in a 40% reduction in funding and 42% in the workforce Managerial responses to budget and schedule pressures were to normalize anomalies The NASA mantra was Faster, Better, Cheaper! 19
Leadership Observations Create an inspiring vision (to unite) Proper use of talent Realistic risk assessment Foster innovation Provide means of accomplishing goals Promote teamwork Trust your team Recognize & Celebrate Successes Leaders inspire a shared vision, model the way, and enable others to act. Leadership = Influence; and is directly related to trust and communication. 20
Building on the Legacy Past Present Future 21
NASA s Vision Sept 2011 22
Multiple Stakeholders and Partners 23
Power Electronics and Computers in Space
Computers in Space Apollo 11 Internal clock speed 1 MHz Main memory 2k, read only memory 32k Space Shuttle Internal clock speed 6 20 MHz Main memory 1,024k International Space Station Internal clock speed 20 MHz Main memory 8,192k IPad 1 Internal clock: 1,024 MHz RAM: 1,024,000k 25
Power Electronic Design Drivers Mission Type Low Earth Orbit (LEO) International Space Station Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) GPS Navigation Systems Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO) Sirius Satellite Radio Geostationary Orbit (GEO) Communication Deep Space Few or no eclipses but big variations in solar energy 26
Power Electronic Design Drivers Failure tolerance No single component failure shall result in a significant loss of spacecraft operation Component reliability Under-utilization of components imposed by fault tolerance requirement (e.g., lower power, junction temp) Modularity Makes use of standards for key interfaces Driven by need for redundancy Detriment is typically a cost and weight penalty 27
Power Electronic Design Drivers Packaging Modularity driven by failure tolerance design must take into account failure containment and not introduce secondary failures, especially in redundant modules Reliability design constraints limit the use of high density packaging Thermal design requirements create unique packaging opportunities in part by the wide operating temperature range as compared to terrestrial applications Radiation protection impacts the location of radiation sensitive devices, which becomes more complicated when systems require continuous alignment with energy source (i.e., solar panels) 28
COTS for Low Earth Orbit 29
Orion: Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle 30
Space Launch System 31
Mobile Launcher Retired Mobile Launcher New Mobile Launcher 32
Mobile Launcher Retired Mobile Launcher New Mobile Launcher 33
Vehicle Assembly Building 34
Multi-Payload Processing Facility 35
KSC Partnering for the Future 36
Curiosity on Mars JPL Animation 37
Educated Workforce = Success at any Level Space Launch System Space Shuttle Apollo Saturn V Gemini Titan Mercury Redstone 38
Educating The Next Generation
Generations in the Workforce All generations provide value Leverage experience and knowledge from generational diversity Understand similarities and differences Traditionalist Gen X Gen Y Baby Boomer 40
Generations in the Workforce Traditionalist Baby Boomers Gen X Gen Y (1922-1945) (1946-1964) (1965-1980) (1981-2000) Work Ethic Dedicated Workaholic Balanced Determined Outlook Practical Optimistic Skeptical Confident Authority Respectful Love/Hate Unimpressed Polite Leadership Chain of Command Change of Command Self Command Collaborate Career Legacy Stellar Portable Parallel Rewards Job Well Done Money & Title Time Off Meaningful Work Feedback Seldom Annual Reviews Very frequent Very frequent Training On the Job Occasional Continuous Continuous 41
Early Awareness & Learning 42
Learn by Association Space Suit Underwater Suit
RPS 205 Initiatives High School Academies Context based and career relevant 21 st Century Learning Environments Partnering with local organizations to create a pipeline for the next generation workforce Increased field trips to companies and exhibitions Manufacturing Exposition at Cliffbreakers International Manufacturing and Technology Show in Chicago s McCormick Place Local Companies, e.g., UTAS, Woodward, Eclipse 44
United Technologies Involvement Mentoring/Tutor programs Speakers Tours Job Shadowing Hands on Learning First Robotics Explorer program SAE A World In Motion 45
SAE AWIM Programs Kindergarten - Rolling Things 1 st Grade Pinball Designers 2 nd Grade Engineering Inspired by Nature 3 rd Grade Straw Rockets 4 th -5 th Grades Skimmer, Jet Toy 6 th -8 th Grades Glider, Gravity Cruiser, Fuel Cell, Motorized Car, Electricity & Electronics High School Formula One Technology Challenge 46
Example of Preparing the Next Generation Workforce Swan Hillman Elementary 47
Questions?