International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research e-issn No.: , Date: April, 2016

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1 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research e-issn No.: , Date: April, 2016 Optimization of Parameters for Better Surface Finish and Material Removal Rate on : A Literature Review Sharad K. Nirgude 1, Amol Y. chaudhari 2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, MET s IOE, Nashik snirgude299@gmail.com 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, MET s IOE, Nashik camol1983@gmail.com Abstract- In this review paper, a survey on critical controllable turning parameters for the CNC lathe machines like speed, feed,depth of cut, tool geometry, cutting environment, tool material, work material etc. which affect desired output like material removal rate, surface finish, cutting tool wear, work temperature are studied. There is a need of optimization of turning parameters and determining most significant parameters. Taguchi and ANOVA are widely used techniques for optimization and which parameters are most significant respectively. The aim of this review paper is to study the critical parameters and their effects on the response. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the best process to satisfy the quality and productivity. Keywords-, Material Removal Rate,, Taguchi Technique, ANOVA I. INTRODUCTION is widely accepted material removal process used to manufacture the parts which containing the operations like plain / cylindrical turning, step turning, taper turning, boring, counter boring, facing, chamfering, threading, drilling, reaming etc. The quality of the surface plays a very important role in the performance of turning as a good quality turned surface significantly improves fatigue strength, corrosion resistant or creep life. The surface generated during turning is affected by different factors such as vibration, spindle run-out, cutting tool geometry, spindle speed, feed and other parameters. The most important interactions, that effect surface roughness of machined surface are between the feed and depth of cut, and between feed and spindle speed. Surface roughness is affected negatively if the applied force is increased. Surface roughness at the same feed rate becomes higher when a small nose radius is used. Technological parameter plays very important role on surface roughness. There is a need of a tool that should allow the evaluation of the surface roughness before machining of the part and which, at the same time, can easily be used in the production floor environment contributing to the minimization of required time and cost and the production of desired surface quality. In order to obtain better surface finish, the proper setting of cutting parameters is crucial before the process takes place. Several factors influence the final surface roughness in CNC lathe turning operation. The final surface roughness might be considered as the sum of two independent effects: 1) the ideal surface roughness is a result of the geometry of cutting tool and feed rate, 2) the natural surface roughness is a result of irregularities in the cutting operation. MRR is an important control factor of turning operation. The non-linear nature of turning process has compelled to engineers to search for more effective methods to attain optimization. It is therefore imperative to investigate the turning behavior of different materials by changing the turning parameters to All rights Reserved 1095

2 optimal results. Process modeling and optimization are the two important issues in manufacturing products. The selection of optimum parameters like depth of cut, feed and spindle speed, tool nose radius, turning environment are very important issues for turning process on CNC lathe machine. Taguchi technique offers simple and systematic optimal design at relatively low All rights Reserved 1096

3 Table1: Summary of Literature Review Sr. No Author Name Type of Operation & Machine Used Material Used Tool Used Input Process Used Input Parameter Output Parameter Results/Significant Parameters 1 B Kumaragurubaran et al.(2013) 2 Amit Phogot et al.(2013) Maharhi Patel et al.(2013) Hardeep Singh et al.(2013) Kaushal Pratap Singh et, CNC lathe, Lathe Machine, CNC Lathe, Centre lathe, CNC Lathe Steel Carbide Inserts Taguchi Design of Experiment Mild Steel HSS DOE, RSM Alloy Steel Carbide HSS, Infrared Thermometer Tin coated Carbide tool Taguchi, ANOVA Force Components, Mean plot L18,O A, S/N ratio and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Feed Rate and Depth of Cut Spindle Speed, Depth of Cut, Feed Rate, Tool Nose Radius, Cutting Environment. Cutting Speed, Depth of Cut, Feed Rate Spindle Speed, Feed Rate, Spindle Speed, Feed Rate,, Nose Radius, Cutting Environment Surface Finish, MRR Surface Finish Surface Finish, MRR Workpiece Temperature Optimization Surface Finish, MRR, MRR Application/use/limitations of RSM and MRR increases with speed. Feed Improved Surface Finish and MRR 6 Jayesh Patel et. Al.(2014), CNC Lathe Steel Coated (Tin) Carbide Tool Regression Analysis, ANOVA Side Rake Angle, Feed, Feed Rate 7 8 Narinder Gupta et Mr. Prateek Harinkhere et al.(2015), CNC lathe CNMG Carbide CNC, Lathe Forging Carbide Insert Tool Metal Working Fluid Applicator. Taguchi Orthogonal Array Design Method, Design of Experiment Speed, Feed, and Environment, Feed Rate, Cutting Condition, Nose Radius., Workpiece Surface Temperature MRR, Surface Roughness, Avg. Chip Thickness, Tool Vibration, Tool Flank Wear, Cutting Temp. Cutting Fluid, Production Time, Cutting forces, All rights Reserved 1097

4 9 Ashish Bhateja et al. (2013), CNC Lathe EN 24 Alloy Carbide Taguchi Analysis using Statistical Approach Speed, Feed Rate and, Tool Wear Rate & (MRR) TNMG (triangular) has the leas value of tool wear (TWR), 10 Mohamed Khaisar et 11 A.M. Badade et al. Boring Kaushal Pratap Singh et al. Divyangsingh N Rana et Jagadale Amitkumar Hanamantrao et Anand S. Shivde et al. (2014) & Aluminium Stainless Steel Solid Bar EN8 Coated Carbide Insert Cemented Carbide Insert Carbide Tool 1.Carbide, 2.Ceramic 3. CBN Sandvik Inserts (CNMA & CNMM) Carbide Cutting Tool Taguchi s L8 Orthogonal Array, Regression Analysis. ANOVA, Taguchi L9 ANOVA, Taguchi Design of Experiments ANOVA Taguchi s L9 Orthogonal Array design Speed, Feed and Depth of Cut Spindle Speed, Feed, and L/ D ratio Cutting Speed, Feed Rate and Cutting Speed, Depth of Cut and Feed Rate Cutting Speed, Depth of Cut Spindle Speed, Depth of Cut, Feed Tool Wear, Vibration Surface Finish, M/c Time Cutting Speed, Feed Rate and Depth of Cut and Tool Tip Temperature Know how to tool flank wear progresses towards failure. Feed followed by Spindle Speed and Speed a significant parameters affecting hardness of the material. CBN Tool gives more finish Wiper Cutting Insert has a better performance. Improved Surface Finish. 16 Neeraj Saraswat et ANOVA, Taguchi Spindle Speed, Depth of Mild Steel Method Cut, Feed Improved Surface Finish. 17 Upinder Kumar Yadav ANOVA, Taguchi Cutting Speed, Feed rate,, CNC lathe AISI 1045 et al. (2012) Carbide method Depth of cut Feed Rate 18 Er. Manpreet Singh et al. Depth of cut, Feed and For: : Speed ; CNC lathe machine Review on machining of different materials with CNC (2014) Speed for MRR: DOC 19 : Speed, Feed Mihir T. Patel et al., Feed and, CNC lathe machine Review on machining of different materials with CNC and, For MRR (2014) Speed MRR DOC, Feed and Speed 20 Ranganath M.S. et al., Feed and Cutting Speed followed by Feed CNC Lathe Machine Review on machining of different materials with CNC (2013) Speed Rate and. 21 Ranganath et al. (2015) Centre Lathe Aluminium (6061) HSS ANOVA, Cutting Speed, Feed and Cutting All rights Reserved 1098

5 Taguchi Kishan Dhameliya et al. (2014) Prof. P.D. Kamble et al. (2015) CNC Lathe CNC Lathe Mild Steel EN8 HSS (Sandvik CNMG) Carbide ANOVA, Taguchi Taguchi DOE Cutting Speed, Feed and Speed, Feed, Depth of Cut, Cutting Condition, Nose Radius., MRR Spindle Speed Spindle All rights Reserved 1099

6 CONCLUSION From the above literature review summary we found that the researchers had taken spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut as input turning parameters and in some cases turning environment, tool tip temperature and cutting tool nose radius. Material Removal Rate, and cutting tool wear as output parameters. After studying the above literature review inferences can be concluded that for Material Removal Rate the most significant parameters were depth of cut, feed rate and spindle speed. The least significant parameter was cutting tool nose radius. Whereas feed rate was most significant parameter for surface roughness followed by depth of cut. For cutting tool flank wear speed, depth of cut and feed rate were significant factors. We also found that taguchi gives systematic approach and efficient method for the optimum operating conditions. REFERENCES [1] B. Kumaragurubaran, P Gopal, T Senthil Kumar, M Prasanna Mugunthan and N. H. Mohamed Ibrahim, Optimization Parameters En-9 Steel Using Design Experiments Concepts", Int. J. Mech. Eng. & Rob. Res. ISSN , Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2013 pp [2] Amiit Phogot, Sajneev Kumar, Mr. Amit Budhiraja and Ravinder Kandu,"Optimization Cutting Parameters For Operations Based On Response Surface Methodology", International Journal Enhanced Research in Science and Technology and Engineering, ISSN , Vol. 2, Issue 7,2013,pp [3] Maharshi Patel, Mr. Jignesh Patel and Mr. Swaraj Darji," An Analyze Optimum Parameter on Cutting Force and by TAGUCHI Method during on (Hard Steel)", JSRD, ISSN, , Vol. 1, Issue 3, pp [4] Hardeep Singh, Sumit Sharmaa, Vivek Awasthia, Vineet Kumara and Sandeep Singh " Study Cutting Parameters on using Study Cutting Parameters on using ",ISSN , Vol.1, Issue 2, 2013, pp [5] Kaushal Pratap Singh and Priyanka Singh," Enhancement Surface Finish And MRR In CNC Cutting Parameters En9 Alloy Steel By Using Taguchi Method", ISSN , vol. 2, Issue 4, 2014, pp [6] Jayesh M. Patel and Pawan Panchal, Parametric Analysis Dry And Wet On CNC Lathe Using Design Experiment, International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering ISSN,: , Vol. 1, Issue 9, 2014, [7] Narinder Gupta, Naveen Singh and Kanwal Jeet Singh, Analysis Machining Properties in Dry, Near Dry & Wet Machining on Steel, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, ISSN: , Vol. 3 Issue 8, 2014,pp [8] Mr. Prateek Harinkhere, Pr. P.D. Kamble and Mr. Sangharatna Ramteke, "Multi-Objective Optimization CNC Process Parameter's For Forging Using Taguchi Based Approach: A Literature Review, International Journal For Engineering Applications And Technology, ISSN: , 2015, pp.1-4. [9] Ashish Bhateja, Bhardwaj, Maninder Singh and Sandeep Kumar Pal, "Optimization Different Performance parameters i.e., Tool Wear Rate and Material Removal Rate With The Selection Various Process Parameters Such As Speed Rate, Feed Rate, Specimen Wear, Depth Cut In CNC EN24 alloy steel - an Empirical Approach", The International Journal Engineering and Sciences, ISSN , Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2013,pp [10] Yogender Kumar, Jagdip Chauhan, A Review Paper on Optimization, Material A Review Paper on Optimization, Material Removal Rate and Cutting Tool Flank Wear in by Employing Taguchi Method, International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, Vol. 3, Issue 03, 2015, ISSN (online): ,pp [11] Mohamed Khaisar and Godfrey Devaputra, Prediction Tool Wear During En9 Work Material Against Coated Carbide Insert Using Vibration Signal Processing, International Journal Research in Engineering and Technology, e ISSN: Vol.3,Issue: 3,2014,pp [12] A.M. Badade, S.Y.Bhave, L.G. Navale, Optimization Cutting Parameters in Boring Operation, IOSR Journal Mechanical and Civil Engineering, ISSN: X,Second National Conference on Recent Developments in Mechanical Engineering, ME Society s College Engineering, Pune,pp [13] Kaushal Pratap Singh, Girish Datt Gautam, Sunil Kumar Tiwari and Gavendra Norkey, All rights Reserved 1100

7 Parameters Steel And Aluminium Using Tagchi Technique", Department Mechanical Engineering,JUIT, Guna, MP, India [14] Divyangsinh N. Rana and Prof. P.D. Panchal, Full Factorial Method For Optimization Process Parameters For And MMR For 316L Material During Operation, International Journal Modern Trends in Engineering and Research, ISSN: , Vol.1, Issue 6, 2014, pp [15] Jagadale Amitkumar Hanamantrao and Jadhav B. R., Comparative Assessment Wiper And Standard Insert On In Hard En-9 Steel. Proceedings 10th IRF International Conference, 1 st June-2014, Pune, India, ISBN: [16] Anand S. Shivade, Shivraj Bhagat, Suraj Jagdale,Amit Nikam and Pramod Londhe,"Optimization Machining Parameters for Using Taguchi Approach", International Journal Recent Technology and Engineering, ISSN ,Vol.3, Issue 1,2014,pp [17] Neeraj Saraswat,Ashok Yadav,Anil Kumar and Bhanu Prakash Srivastava,"Optimization Parameters in Operation Mild Steel", International Review Applied Engineering Research, ISSN ,Vol.4, Issue 3, 2014,pp [18]Upinder Kumar Yadav, Deepak Narang, Pankaj Sharma Attri,"Experimental Investigation And Optimization Of Machining Parameters For In CNC By Taguchi Method" International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: , Vol. 2, Issue4, 2012, pp [19] Er. Manpreet Singh, Er. SanjeevVerma, Dr. Sanjiv Kumar Jain, " A literature review on machining of different materials with CNC International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology ISSN: , Vol.3, Issue-8, 2014, pp [20] Mihir T. Patel and Vivek A. Deshpande, Optimization Machining Parameters for Different Alloy Steel Using CNC Review, International Journal Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology ISSN: , Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2014, pp [21] Ranganath M S and Vipin Optimization Process Parameters in Operation Using Taguchi Method and Anova: A Review International Journal Advance Research and Innovation ISSN Volume 1, Issue 1, 2013 pp [22] Ranganath M. S.,Vipin, R. S. Mishra, Parshvam Jain and Sushil Kumar, Experimental Investigation Surface Roughness And Cutting Force On Conventional Dry Aluminium (6061) International Journal Modern Engineering Research,ISSN: ,Vol. 5,Issue 6, 2015, pp [23] Kishan Dhameliya, Jignesh Desai, Mohit Gandhi and Divyesh Dave, Experimental Investigation Process Parameters On MRR And In Operation On CNC Lathe Machine For Mild Steel E250: IS 2062 International Journal Engineering Research & Technology, ISSN: ,Vol. 3 Issue 5,2014 pp [24] Prof. P.D Kamble, Mr. Sangharatna Ramteke and Mr. Prateek Harinkhere, Multi-objective Optimization CNC Process Parameter s for AISI 1040 Alloy Steel Using Taguchi Based Approach: A Literature Review, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research & Practice, IJRSI ISSN , Vol., I, Issue All rights Reserved 1101

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