Research and Development of Dual Bandpass Filter and Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld(DVB-H) Module

Transcription

1 Research and Development of Dual Bandpass Filter and Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld(DVB-H) Module

2 Research and Development of Dual Bandpass Filter and Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld(DVB-H) Module Student Ke-Chiang Lin Advisor Dr. Shyh-Jong Chung A Thesis Submitted to Department of Communication engineering College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chiao Tung University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science In Communication Engineering June 2006 HsinChu, Taiwan, Republic of China

3 a, b, g (DVB-H) (LNA) LTCC System On Chip (SOP) I

4 Research and Development of Dual Bandpass Filter and Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld(DVB-H) Module Student Ke-Chiang Lin Advisor Dr. Shyh-Jong Chung Abstract In this thesis, first we introduce a new structure of dual bandpass filter applying for IEEE a/b/g. By a serial configuration of a inductive coupled-line (ICL) filter and a capacitive coupled-line filter (CCL) filter, a dual bandpass filter can be designed with a transmission zero between the two passbands. By the two-poles Z matrix analysis, we find that the transmission coefficient of the dual bandpass filter has approximately the same behavior as the individual single-band filter around the corresponding pass-band. The measurements results also agree quite well with the simulation ones. In the next part, a front-end module applied for digital video broadcasting-handheld (DVB-H) is proposed. The module which passband is 470~702MHz includes a bandpass filter, a low noise amplifier (LNA), and a lowpass filter. We integrate the active/passive components by LTCC technology and the measurements almost conform to the specifications. II

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6 ... I......II.... III.... IV......VI......IV X IV

7 ...53 V

8 2.1 (WLAN) LC / LC Y-Matrix Y Y Y Y S (ICL) (CCL) S (ICL) (CCL) Z GHz ICL 5GHz CCL Z 21 Z GHz ICL 5GHz CCL Z 11 Z I5C S a 2I5C 2GHz ICL 5GHz CCL b 2C5I 2GHz CCL 5GHz ICL c 2I5I 2GHz ICL 5GHz ICL d 2C5C 2GHz CCL 5GHz CCL I5C..23 VI

9 3.8a 2I5C b 2C5I c 2I5I d 2C5C a 2I5C-C 2GHz ICL 5GHz CCL b 2C5I-L 2GHz CCL 5GHz ICL c 2I5I-C 2GHz ICL 5GHz ICL d 2C5C-L 2GHz CCL 5GHz CCL a 2I5C Filter b c I5C-C a 2I5C Filter b c I5I-C a 2I5C-C b 2C5I-L c 2I5I-C d 2C5C-L a 2I5C b 2C5C a 2I5C-C b 2C5I-L c 2I5I-C d 2C5C-L LTCC DVB-H LTCC LTCC LTCC 43 VII

10 LTCC LTCC LNA LNA LTCC LNA BPF LPF BPF LPF LTCC LTCC LTCC LTCC..51 VIII

11 I5C.. 25 IX

12 ICL(Inductive Coupled-Line) filter CCL(Capacitive Coupled-Line) filter 2I5C 2.4GHz ICL 5GHz CCL 2C5I 2.4GHz CCL 5GHz LCL 2I5I 2.4GHz ICL 5GHz LCL 2C5C 2.4GHz CCL 5GHz CCL 2I5C-C 2.4GHz ICL 5GHz CCL 2C5I-L 2.4GHz CCL 5GHz LCL 2I5I-C 2.4GHz ICL 5GHz ICL 2C5C-L 2.4GHz CCL 5GHz CCL X

13 (Mobile Phone) (Bluetooth) (Wireless Local Area Network WLAN) (Global Positioning System GPS) (Ultra Wideband UWB) ( Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Wimax) (SOP) (SOC) (interconnect) (Electric Magnetic Interruption EMI) (packaging) (Low Temperature Cofired-Ceramic LTCC) SOP SOC (via) LTCC 850~900 (Q factor) LTCC LTCC a/b/g a 5GHz 1GHz (Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld DVB-H) 1

14 LTCC (Inductive Coupled-Line Filter ICL Filter) (Capacitive Coupled-Line Filter CCL Filter) (finite transmission zero) 2

15 2.1 ( ) LTCC / 2.4 GHz LPF 2.4 GHz TX 2.4 / 5 GHz Ant Diplexer 5 GHz TX Ant T/R Switch 5 GHz LPF 2.4 GHz BPF Diplexer 2.4 GHz RX 5 GHz RX 5 GHz BPF (WLAN) 2.1 FEM(Front End Module) diversity antennas (Double-Pole-Double-Throw DPDT) / (diplexer) LTCC LTCC 3

16 (Image Parameter Method) (Insertion Loss Method)[1] (Power Loss Ratio) P LR Power available from source P 1 = 2 Power delivered to load = inc P = load 1 Γ ( ω) (2-1) Γ( ω) (Insertion Loss IL) IL = 10log P LR (2-2) (Maximally Flat Response Butterworth or Binomial response) (Equal-ripple or Chebyshev response) 2.2 (prototype) 4

17 2.2.2 (stopband) LC / 2.3 5

18 LC LC LC f 1 2 π = (2-3) LC LC LC LC Scattering Parameter (db) LC LC Frequency (GHz) LC [2]-[4] Y-Matrix 2.5 Y-Matrix [5] Y-Matrix 2.6 6

19 Y-Matrix Y=Y +Y (2-4) U L Y Y-Matrix Y U Y L Y-Matrix S 21 =0 S 21 2Y21Y = 0 ( Y + Y )( Y + Y ) Y Y (2-5) Y 21 =0 Y U21 +Y L21 =

20 Magnitude of Trans-admittance Y f f Frequency (GHz) 2.7 Y 21 Phase of Trans-admittance Y 21 (degree) Frequency (GHz) Y 21 8

21 f1 f2 (amplitude) 2.9 [6] Y-Matrix Y 21 ( 2.10) ( 2.11) ( 2.12) Magnitude of Trans-admittance Y GHz 1.94 GHz 1.41 GHz Frequency (GHz) 2.10 Y 21 9

22 Phase of Trans-Admittance Y 21 (degree) Frequency (GHz) 2.11 Y 21 0 Scattering Parameter (db) GHz 1.41 GHz 4.59 GHz Frequency (GHz) 2.12 S 21 10

23 LTCC LTCC (lump element) MIM(metal-insulator-metal) ε A C = (2-6) d A ε d (fringing effect) LTCC (interdigital ) (spiral or helical) Q Q Q EMS(ElectroMagnetic Susceptibility) LTCC 2.3 [4] ABCD-Matrix(Transmission-Matrix) S T-Matrix

24 θ I/O Port C 1 C 3 I/O Port C 2 SL 1 SL 2 C C 1 =C 3 DC-Block (impedance matching) (C 2 SL 1 ) (C 4 SL 2 ) (pole) T-Matrix Z-Matrix T-Matrix C 2 C 4 DC-Block T-Matrix A = D = 1 2ωC Z tan C C + C Z Z [-ω 2 ( )( 2 2 sum - ) d dif d dif tan2θ 2ω Zsum C 2C tanθ 4] ( d ) (2-7a) j B = [ 2( C C) 2( Z 2 2) d sum Z tan ω C Z tanθ ω + - dif θ d dif - 4 ωzsum( C + C) tanθ + 4] (2-7b) d C = j [-ω 2C 2( Z 2 2) tan2 sum -Z θ + 4ωCZ sumtanθ - 4] (2-7c) 2Z tanθ dif dif 12

25 Z sum = Z 0e + Z 0o Z dif = Z 0e - Z 0o Z 0e Z 0o θ S 21 =0 S 21 = A B CZ Z 0 D 0 (2-8) A(ω) B(ω) C(ω) D(ω) S 21 =0 ( f = n+ 1 ) 2 and f = nv 2 2 v, (2-9) v n 2.14 Magnitude of Transmission Coefficient S 21 (db) f = v 4 f = v 2 f = 3 v 4 ICL filter CCL filter Frequency (GHz) 2.14 (ICL) (CCL) S 13

26 2.15 Z (Inductive Coupled-Line Filter ICL Filter) Phase of Trans-Impedance Z 21 (degree) CCL filter ICL filter Frequency (GHz) 2.15 (ICL) (CCL) Z DC-Block (C 1 C 3 ) (C 2 SL 1 ) (C 4 SL 2 ) T-Matrix 14

27 θ θ I/O Port C 1 C 3 I/O Port C 2 C 4 SL 1 SL A= D = ω C Cd + C 2 2 2ωC dzdif Zsum -Zdif sin ( Z sum - Z dif ) sin θ -2 ω Z sum( Z sum - Z dif ) ( Cd 2 C) sinθ cosθ 4( Zdif Zsum cos θ)] ( ) (2-10a) j B = [-ω ( C ) d C 2 ω C Z ( Z -Z ) sin + d dif sum dif ( Zsum -Zdif ) sin θ + 4 ωzsum( Cd + C)( Zsum -Zdif ) sinθ cosθ 4( Zdif Zsum cos θ)] + - (2-10b) j C = C Z -Z sin 2 ( ) [ ( ) 2 2 sum dif Zdif Zsum -Zdif sinθ ω θ - ωcz Z - Z sinθcos θ sum( sum dif ) -4( Z - Z cos θ )] (2-10c) dif sum 15

28 f = nv (2-11) Z (Capacitive Coupled-Line Filter CCL Filter) ICL Filter CCL Filter 16

29 3.1 LNA [7]-[13] ICL Filter CCL Filter Z-Matrix 3.1 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 SL 1 SL 3 C 5 C 3 C 6 SL 2 SL 4 2.4GHz 5GHz ICL Filter 2.4GHz CCL Filter 5GHz CCL Filter 3.1 CCL Filter DC-Block 3.2 Network 1 2.4GHz ICL Filter Z U Z-Matrix Network 2 5GHz CCL Filter Z L Z-Matrix Z-Matrix Z = Z + Z (3-1) U L 17

30 Network 1 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port Z U C 2 SL 1 SL 3 C 5 Port 1 Port 2 I/O Port I/O Port Network 2 Z L C 3 C 6 SL 2 SL 4 Z Z-Matrix Z-Matrix Z 21 Z Magnitude of Trans-impedance Z Z U21 Z U Frequency (GHz) GHz ICL 5GHz CCL Z 21 Z 21 Z L21 Z L21 18

31 Magnitude of Self-impedance Z Z U11 Z U11 Z L11 Z L Frequency (GHz) GHz ICL 5GHz CCL Z 11 Z GHz Z 21 = Z U21 + Z L21 Z U21 5GHz Z 21 = Z U21 + Z L21 Z L GHz Z 11 = Z U11 + Z L11 Z U11 5GHz Z 11 = Z U11 + Z L11 Z L11 S 21 = 2Z21Z0 Z Z Z Z -Z Z ( + )( + ) (3.7) 2.4GHz S 21 S 2Z Z = S U U21 ZU11 Z0 ZU22 Z0 -ZU12ZU21 ( + )( + ) (3-3) S 11 S U11 5GHz Z 11 = Z U11 + Z L11 Z L11 S 21 19

32 S 21 2ZL21Z0 Z Z Z Z Z Z -Z Z ( + + )( + + ) U11 L11 0 U22 L22 0 L12 L21 (3-4) 5GHz~6GHz 7GHz~8GHz Z U11 Z L11 (out of phase) S 21 >S L21 6GHz~7GHz Z U11 Z L11 (in phase) S 21 <S L21 Network 2 ICL Filter ICL Filter CCL Filter 2GHz ICL Filter CCL Filter ICL Filter CCL 3.7 S 21 =0 Z 21 =0 Z 21 Magnitude of Transmission Coefficient S 21 (db) Frequency (GHz) 3.5 2I5C S 20

33 3.3 Z U21 Z L21 Z 21 = ICL Filtre CCL Filter a 2GHz ICL Filter 5GHz CCL Filter 2I5C 3.6b 2GHz CCL Filter 5GHz ICL Filter 2C5I 3.6c 2GHz ICL Filter 5GHz ICL Filter 2I5I 3.6d 2GHz CCL Filter 5GHz CCL Filter 2C5C I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 SL 1 SL 3 C 5 C 3 C 6 SL 2 SL 4 21

34 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 C 5 SL 1 SL 3 C 3 SL 2 SL 4 C 6 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 SL 1 SL 3 C 5 C 3 SL 2 SL 4 C 6 3.6a 3.6b 3.6c 3.6d Z 21 = a 2I5C 3.7 2I5C 5GHz CCL CT

35 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 C 5 SL 1 SL 3 C 3 C 6 SL 2 SL 4 C 3 C 2 C 1 Port 1 Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3 Layer 4 Layer 5 Layer 6 Layer 7 Layer 8 Layer 9 Layer 10 Layer 11 Layer 12 Layer 13 Layer 14 Layer 15 Layer 16 Ground CCL of 5GHz C 6 C 5 C 4 Port 2 ICL of 2.4GHz Ground 23

36 um 70um mm 2.0mm 0.94mm LTCC ( 1 ) ( 16 ) DC-Block (C 1 C 4 ) (C 2 C 5 ) MIM (interdigital) (C 2 C 5 ) 4 ICL 9 (edge couple) (C 3 C 6 ) ( 2-6 d) 1GHz CCL (broadside couple) (parasitic effect) LTCC Microwave Office ADS HFSS a 3.8b 1GHz -30dB 7-10GHz 3.8b 3.8a 3.8b ICL Filter 3.8a CCL Filter ICL CCL 3.8b 3.8a 3.8c 3.8d (ICL Filter CCL Filter) 3.8a 3.8b 24

37 (network 1,network 2) (C1=C4, C2=C5, C3=C6, SL1=SL3, SL2=SL4) 2I5C ( 3.6a) (ICL, CCL) (1.4, 5.4, 1.1, 1.4, 1.0) 2C5I ( 3.6b) (CCL, ICL) (1.2, 3.3, 0.8, 2.1, 1.2) 2I5I ( 3.6c) (ICL, ICL) (1.2, 2.9, 0.5, 2.6, 1.5) 2C5C ( 3.6d) (CCL, CCL) (1.2, 3.1, 0.5, 2.6, 1.4) 25

38 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S Frequency (GHz) 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S EM Frequency (GHz) 26

39 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S EM Frequency (GHz) 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S EM Frequency (GHz) 27

40 ICL Filter CCL Filter (1~2.2GHz) (8~10GHz) MHz Digital Communication System (DCS) MHz Personal Communication Services (PCS) 3-9 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 SL 1 SL 3 C 5 C 3 C 6 SL 2 SL 4 C 7 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O C 2 C 5 SL 1 SL 3 C 3 SL 2 SL 4 C 6 SL 5 28

41 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 SL 1 SL 3 C 5 C 3 SL 2 SL 4 C 6 C 7 I/O Port C 1 C 4 I/O Port C 2 C 5 SL 1 SL 3 C 3 C 6 SL 2 SL 4 SL I5C Filter( 3.10a) (3.10b) 3.10c 3.10a ICL Filter(1~2.2GHz Z 21 =90 ) (1~2.2GHz Z 21 =-90 ) Z 21 =0 1~2.2GHz Z 21 2I5C Z 21 4~5GHz 29

42 2I5C Z Z b 3.9a 3.10a 3.10b 3.10c 3.10 a 2I5C Filter b c 2I5C Z 21 Z c S I5C-C 30

43 3.9c 3.9d 3.9c 3.12a 3.12b 3.12c 2I5I Filter Z a 3.12b 3.12c 3.12 a 2I5C Filter b c I5I-C 31

44 3.13 Z 21 S 21 Z 21 2I5I Z 21 S 21 ( 3.9c 3.9d) c 3.14d 2.4GHz 2.4GHz GHz 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S 21 S Frequency (GHz) 3.14a 2I5C-C 32

45 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S 22 S Frequency (GHz) 3.14b 2C5I-L Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S 22 S Frequency (GHz) 3.14c 2I5I-C 33

46 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 21 S 11 S Frequency (GHz) 3.14d 2C5C-L a 3.15b 2I5C 2C5C Filter 3.15a 2.4GHz 200MHz 2.2GHz -1.8dB 4.9~5.9GHz S 21 S 21 LTCC 5GHz 6GHz 4.9GHz~5.9GHz -1dB 3.17GHz -40dB 2.4GHz LTCC Z ( ) 2.4GHz 5GHz 2.4GHz 34

47 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S EM simulation Measurement Frequency (GHz) 3.15a 2I5C 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S EM simulation Measurement Frequency (GHz) 3.15b 2C5C 35

48 5GHz b 3.15a 2.4GHz 100MHz 2.3GHz -2.1dB 5GHz 5.0~5.6GHz -1.3dB -20dB 5GHz 3.16 EM 3.16a 3.16b 2.4GHz 5GHz 3.16a 3.16b 3.16a 2.32GHz -2.1dB 4.9GH~5.9GHz -1.4dB ( dB) (3.2-35dB) 3.16b 2.36GHz -1.8dB 5.15GH~5.8GHz -1.7dB ( dB) ( dB) ( dB) 3.16c 3.9c LTCC 3.16c 2.27GHz -1.7dB 4.8GH~5.8GHz -1.4dB ( dB) (3.2-45dB) ( dB) ( dB) 3.16d 2.33GHz -2.78dB 4.9GH~5.9GHz -1.0dB ( dB) ( dB) ( dB) 3.17 LTCC 36

49 Scattering Parameter (db) EM simulation Measurement Frequency (GHz) 3.16a 2I5C-C Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S EM simulation Measurement Frequency (GHz) 3.16b 2C5I-L 37

50 0 Scattering Parameter (db) S 11 S EM simulation Measurement Frequency (GHz) 3.16c 2I5I-C Scattering Parameter (db) EM simulation Measurement Frequency (GHz) 3.16d 2C5C-L 38

51 3.17 LTCC 2.5mm 2.0mm 0.94mm 39

52 4.1 (Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial DVB-T) 6MH 2Mbit/s 6MHz (Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld DVB-H) DVB-H DVB-T 4.1 DVB-H Diversity Antenna LTCC Front-End-Module (FEM) LPF HPF LNA LPF Tuner MPEG Decoder Demodulator 4.1 DVB-H 40

53 LTCC (Front-End-Module FEM) Tuner Demodulator MPEG Decoder LTCC MHz~702MHz -2dB 230MHz -20dB 880~915MHz GSM(Global System for Mobile communications) 1710~1785MHz DCS(Digital Communication System) 1920~1980MH PCS(Personal Communication Services) -45dB (gain) 13dB NF(Noise Figure) 3.5dB 16mA 5.2mm 3.8mm 1.7mm 4.2 LTCC LNA MHz -45dB 880~915Mhz LC LC MHz -20dB 470~702MHz -2dB 880~915MHz -45dB -45dB LNA 4.5 LNA 880~915MHz -45dB LC 880~915MHz 1800~1900MHz 41

54 4.2 LTCC 4.3 LTCC MHz -0.7dB 900MHz -30dB -29dB 4.7 LNA LPF HPF LPF (via) (shielding ground) 42

55 Scattering Parameter (db) S 22 S GHz 1.71 GHz db db 0.47 GHz db S GHz db GHz GHz db db Frequency (GHz) LTCC 43

56 0 Scattering Parameter (db) GHz db S 11 S 21 S GHz GHz db db Frequency (GHz) 4.6 LPF HPF Input Port Output Port LPF Shielding ground 4.7 LTCC 44

57 LTCC LTCC LTCC LTCC GHz db GHz db Scattering Parameter (db) GHz db 0.47 GHz db GHz db GHz db S 11 S 12 S 21 S Frequency (GHz) 4.8 LTCC LNA 2.8V 28dB LNA GPS 470~702MHz S 11 S 22-2dB -5dB LTCC LNA 4.9 LNA Γ opt Noise Figure(NF) 45

58 F = F + 4r Γ Γ n s opt min Γ s 1+ Γopt 2 (4-1) LNA r n Γ opt F min NF Γ S 4.10 Γ in 4.9 S 11 Γ S Γ opt (conjugate matching) LTCC NF Γ out Γ L opt S 11 S S 11 S GHz r x GHz r x GHz r x GHz r x LNA 46

59 in out LPF+HPF Input Matching LNA Output Matching LPF S L 4.10 LTCC LNA LTCC LTCC LPF HPF BPF LNA LPF GHz db GHz db EM simulation Measurement Scattering Parameter (db) GHz db GHz GHz -45 db GHz -45 db db Frequency (GHz) 4.11 BPF 47

60 0 Scattering Parameter (db) GHz db GHz db EM simulation Measurement GHz db Frequency (GHz) 4.12 LPF BPF -2dB 880~915MHz -45dB -45dB LNA LPF LPF -1dB 880~915-25dB 4.13 LNA BPF LPF shielding ground 4.14 LTCC 48

61 Scattering Parameter (db) Frequency (GHz) 4.13 BPF LPF 5.2mm 3.8mm 4.14 LTCC 49

62 GHz db GHz db Scattering Parameter (db) GHz db S 21 S GHz db S 12 S GHz 1 GHz db db Frequency (GHz) 4.15 LTCC DC Bias Input Matching Output Matching LNA 4.16 LTCC 50

63 4.17 LTCC 51

64 (CCL Filter) (ICL Filter) ICL Filter CCL Filter 2.5mm 2.5mm 0.94mm LTCC (Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld DVB-H) LTCC LTCC 5.2mm 3.8mm 1.7mm 52

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