Introduction to IS-95 CDMA p. 1 What is CDMA p. 1 History of CDMA p. 2 Forms of CDMA p MHz CDMA p MHz CDMA (PCS) p. 6 CDMA Parts p.

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1 Introduction to IS-95 CDMA p. 1 What is CDMA p. 1 History of CDMA p. 2 Forms of CDMA p MHz CDMA p MHz CDMA (PCS) p. 6 CDMA Parts p. 7 Mobile Station p. 8 Base Station Subsystem (BSS) p. 9 Network and Switching Subsystem (NSS) p. 11 Operation and Maintenance Subsystem p. 13 Industry Standard and User Groups p. 14 CDMA Development Group (CDG) p. 14 Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) p. 14 European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) p. 14 Telecommunications Planning Group (T1.P1) p. 15 Basic Operation p. 15 Mobile Station Initialization p. 15 Mobile Call Origination p. 16 Call Handoff p. 17 Ending a Call p. 18 Receiving a Call on a Mobile p. 19 Analog Cellular p. 21 History p. 21 AMPS System Overview p. 22 Dual Mode Telephone p. 22 System Overview p. 24 Frequency Allocation p. 25 Frequency Reuse p. 26 Capacity Expansion p. 28 Radio Interference p. 30 Basic Cellular Operation p. 33 Access p. 34 Paging p. 36 Conversation p. 37 Handoff p. 37 RF Power Control p. 38 Roaming p. 39 Signaling p. 40 Radio Control Channels p. 41 Radio Carrier Voice Channels p. 42

2 Network p. 45 CDMA Technology p. 47 Codes in CDMA p. 48 Orthogonal Codes p. 48 Pseudorandom Noise (PN) Codes p. 48 Channel Coding and Modulation p. 49 Forward Link Channel Coding p. 49 Reverse Link Channel Coding p. 51 CDMA Coded Channels p. 52 Pilot Channel (PC) p. 53 Sync Channel (SC) p. 53 Paging Channel (PgC) p. 54 Forward traffic Channel (FTC) p. 54 Access Channel (AC) p. 55 Reverse traffic Channel (RTC) p. 55 System Attributes and Features p. 55 Frequency Reuse p. 56 Variable Rate Voice Coder (Vocoder) p. 57 Radio Channel p. 59 Power Control p. 60 Average Transmit Power Reduction p. 63 Rake Receiver p. 64 Soft Handoff p. 66 Sleep Mode p. 68 Signaling on the Paging and Access Channels p. 69 Framing and Signaling on the Traffic Channel p. 69 Registration p. 71 Capacity p. 73 Sectorization p. 73 Data Transfer p. 74 Enhanced 911 p. 74 Handoffs p. 75 Idle Handoff p. 75 Access Handoff p. 75 Soft Handoff p. 76 Hard Handoff p. 77 Call Processing p. 77 Initialization State p. 77 Idle State p. 79 Access State p. 82 Traffic State p. 83

3 Authentication p. 85 Call Termination p. 85 MS Originated Call p. 85 BS Originated Call p. 86 Handoff p. 87 CDMA Mobile Radios p. 89 Man-Machine Interface (MMI) p. 90 Audio Interface p. 91 Display p. 91 Keypad p. 92 Accessory Interface p. 92 Radio Frequency Section p. 93 Transmitter p. 93 Receiver p. 94 Antenna p. 94 Signal Processing p. 96 Speech Coding p. 96 Channel Coding p. 97 Audio Processing p. 97 Logic Control Section p. 97 Subscriber Identity p. 98 Power Supply p. 99 Batteries p. 99 Battery Chargers p. 101 Standby and Talk Time p. 102 Accessories p. 102 Hands Free Speakerphone p. 102 Smart Accessories p. 102 Software Download Transfer Equipment p. 104 Antennas p. 105 CDMA Telephone p. 106 CDMA Networks p. 109 Cell Site p. 109 Base Station p. 110 Power Supplies and Backup Power Sources p. 112 Cell Site Antennas p. 112 Antenna Placement p. 114 Transmission Lines p. 115 Communication Links p. 115 Timing Reference p. 116 Wireless Local Loop p. 116

4 Equipment Redundancy p. 117 Cell Site Installation p. 118 Cell Site Maintenance p. 118 Repeaters p. 120 Mobile Switching Center p. 121 Switching Assembly p. 122 Controllers p. 123 Billing Transfer Devices p. 123 Communications Links p. 123 Subscriber Databases p. 123 Operator Terminals p. 124 Backup Energy Sources p. 124 Data Archive p. 124 Network Redundancy p. 125 Network Planning p. 125 Cell Site Placement p. 125 Signal Propagation p. 126 Path Loss p. 126 Fading Characteristics p. 128 System Capacity p. 128 Traffic Planning p. 129 Strategic Planning p. 129 PN Planning p. 130 Neighbor List p. 130 Soft Handoff p. 131 System Testing and Optimization p. 131 System Expansion p. 132 System Features p. 133 Network Options p. 134 Deployment Considerations p. 134 Soft Capacity p. 134 Guard Bands p. 135 Guard Zones p. 136 Network Optimization p. 137 CDMA Testing p. 139 Analog -vs.- Digital Testing p. 139 Transmitter Measurements p. 140 Transmitter RF Frequency and Phase p. 140 RF Power Measurements p. 141 Modulation Quality and Frequency Accuracy p. 143 Adjacent and Alternate Channel Power p. 143

5 Handoff Testing p. 144 Coding Accuracy p. 145 Minimum Controlled and Standby RF Power Level p. 145 Conducted and Radiated Spurious Emissions p. 145 Receiver Measurements p. 146 System Acquisition p. 146 Power Control p. 148 Single Tone Desensitization p. 148 Radio Channel Supervision p. 148 Analog Receiver Sensitivity p. 149 CDMA Receiver Sensitivity and Dynamic Range p. 150 Demodulated Digital Signal Quality p. 150 Co-channel Rejection p. 150 Adjacent Channel Rejection p. 151 Intermodulation Rejection p. 152 Spurious and Radiated Emissions p. 154 Mobile Station Testing p. 154 Types of Testing p. 154 Test Interface Adapter p. 155 Test Equipment p. 156 Network Testing p. 157 Radio Propagation Testing p. 157 Network Equipment Testing p. 158 Marketing and Economics p. 161 Service Revenue Potential p. 162 System Cost to the Service Provider p. 163 Voice Service Cost to the Consumer p. 163 Data Service Cost to the Consumer p. 164 Wireless Telephone (Mobile Phone) Cost to the Consumer p. 165 Consumer Confidence p. 166 New Features p. 166 Churn p. 166 Availability of Equipment p. 167 Distribution and Retail Channels p. 168 Development Costs p. 171 Cost of Production p. 171 Patent Royalty Cost p. 173 Marketing Cost p. 173 Post Sales Support p. 175 Manufacturer's Profit p. 175 Development Costs p. 175

6 Cost of Production p. 176 Patent Royalty Cost p. 179 Marketing Cost p. 179 Post-Sales Support p. 180 Manufacturer Profit p. 180 Cell Site p. 181 Repeaters p. 184 Mobile Switching Center p. 185 Leasing and Maintaining Communications Lines p. 185 Local and Long Distance Tariffs p. 187 Billing Services p. 187 Activation Commissions (Equipment Subsidies) p. 188 Software Licensing p. 189 Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAandM) p. 189 Land and Site Leasing p. 190 Cellular Fraud p. 191 Mobile Phone Features and Services p. 195 Mandatory Mobile Station Features p. 196 Caller ID p. 196 Short Message Indicator p. 196 Short Message Memory Full p. 197 Data Accessory Status Indicator p. 198 Indication of Call Progress Signals p. 198 Battery Level Indicator p. 198 System Indication (ROAM) p. 198 Over the Air Phone Number Programming p. 198 Preferred System Selection p. 199 Keypad p. 199 Radio Signal Indicator p. 200 Emergency Call Capabilities p. 201 Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) p. 201 Repeat Dialing p. 201 Optional Mobile Station Features p. 202 Direct International Calling p. 202 Call Restriction p. 202 Power Control and Automatic Registration p. 204 Extended Address (sub-address) p. 204 Enhanced Voice Quality p. 204 Voice Privacy p. 204 Battery Saving (Cell Broadcast DRx) p. 205 Data Transmission Interface p. 205

7 Service Provider Name p. 206 Broadcast Extended Short Message p. 206 Any Key Answer p. 206 Automatic Answer p. 206 Mute Control p. 206 DTMF Tones p. 207 Automatic Updating of Directory Numbers p. 207 Last Numbers Dialed (LND) p. 207 Service Dialing Numbers p. 208 Telephone Lock p. 208 NAM Programming Lock Code p. 208 Advanced Mobile Station Features p. 208 Color or Graphics Display p. 209 Multi-Language Menu p. 209 Voice Dialing p. 210 Answering Machine p. 212 Digital Answering Machine p. 213 Voice Memory p Access p. 214 Information Services (Web Browsing) p. 214 Accessory Display and Control Device p. 216 Ring Options p. 217 Mechanical Alert p. 217 Phone Book p. 217 Call Timers and Logs p. 218 Speed Dialing p. 218 Software Updates p. 218 Personality Identification p. 218 Clock p. 219 Time Delay Dialing p. 219 Theft Alarm p. 219 Hands-Free Options p. 219 Soft Keys p. 220 Electronic Help Instructions p. 221 Macro Function (Multi-Key Sequence Programming) p. 221 Calling Card Dialing p. 221 Fixed Wireless Phone p. 221 VIDEO / Picture Telephone p. 222 System Features and Services p. 223 Bearer Services p. 224 Teleservices p. 224

8 Supplementary Services p. 227 Voice Services p. 227 TEXT Messaging Services p. 227 Data Services p. 228 Circuit Switched Data p. 228 Packet Switched Data p. 230 Fax Services p. 230 Supplementary Services p. 231 Call Waiting p. 231 Call Hold p. 231 Call Forwarding p. 233 Call Conferencing (Three Way Calling) p. 235 Calling Line Identification (CLID) p. 236 Call Restriction p. 237 Voice Mail p. 237 Network Name and Time Zone p. 237 Over the Air PROGRAMMING p. 238 Future Developments for Cdma p. 239 Wireless Intelligent Networks (WIN) p. 239 Wireless Access Protocol (WAP) p. 240 Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA) p. 242 Satellite Cellular Systems p Rd Generation Wireless p rd Generation Projections p. 249 Applications for 3rd Generation p. 251 Competition to 3rd Generation p. 253 Acronyms p. 255 CDMA Equipment Manufacturers p. 261 Handset Manufacturers p. 261 Supporting Equipment Companies p. 261 Test Equipment Manufacturers p. 262 Network Equipment Manufacturers p. 263 CDMA World Listings p. 265 Index p. 269 Table of Contents provided by Blackwell's Book Services and R.R. Bowker. Used with permission.

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