Solution to Chapter 4 Problems
|
|
- Marianna Carroll
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Solution to Chapter 4 Problems Problem 4.1 1) Since F[sinc(400t)]= 1 modulation index 400 ( f 400 β f = k f max[ m(t) ] W Hence, the modulated signal is ), the bandwidth of the message signal is W = 00 and the resulting u(t) = A cos(πf c t + πk f = k f 10 W = 6 k f = 10 = 100 cos(πf c t ++π100 m(τ)dτ) sinc(400τ)dτ) ) The maximum frequency deviation of the modulated signal is f max = β f W = 6 00 = 100 3) Since the modulated signal is essentially a sinusoidal signal with amplitude A = 100,wehave P = A = ) Using Carson s rule, the effective bandwidth of the modulated signal can be approximated by B c = (β f + 1)W = (6 + 1)00 = 800 Hz Problem 4. 1) The maximum phase deviation of the PM signal is The phase of the FM modulated signal is φ(t) = πk f = φ max = k p max[ m(t) ] = k p m(τ)dτ = πk f m(τ)dτ 0 πk f 0 τdτ = πk f t 0 t<1 πk f + πk f 1 dτ = πk f + πk f (t 1) 1 t< πk f + πk f πk f dτ = 3πk f πk f (t ) t<3 πk f 3 t 8
2 The maximum value of φ(t) is achieved for t = and is equal to 3πk f. Thus, the desired relation between k p and k f is k p = 3πk f ) The instantaneous frequency for the PM modulated signal is f i (t) = f c + 1 d π dt φ(t) = f c + 1 π k d p dt m(t) For the m(t) given in Fig. P-4., the maximum value of d m(t) is achieved for t in [0, 1] and it is equal to dt one. Hence, max(f i (t)) = f c + 1 π For the FM signal f i (t) = f c + k f m(t). Thus, the maximum instantaneous frequency is max(f i (t)) = f c + k f = f c + 1 Problem 4.3 For an angle modulated signal we have x(t) = A c cos(πf c t + φ(t)), therefore The lowpass equivalent of the signal is x l (t) = A c e jφ(t) with Envelope A c and phase π(t) and in phase an quadrature components A c cos(φ(t)) and A c sin(φ(t)), respectively. Hence we have the following A c envelope A c envelope k p m(t) phase t PM A c cos ( k p m(t) ) πk f m(τ) dτ FM ) phase in-phase comp. A c sin ( k p m(t) ) A c cos (πk f t m(τ) dτ in-phase comp. ) quadrature comp. A c sin (πk f t m(τ) dτ quadrature comp. Problem 4.4 1) Since an angle modulated signal is essentially a sinusoidal signal with constant amplitude, we have P = A c The same result is obtained if we use the expansion P = 100 = 5000 u(t) = A c J n (β) cos(π(f c + nf m )t) along with the identity J0 (β) + Jn (β) = 1 n=1 83
3 ) The maximum phase deviation is φ max = max 4 sin(000πt) =4 3) The instantaneous frequency is f i = f c + 1 d π dt φ(t) = f c + 4 π cos(000πt)000π = f c cos(000πt) Hence, the maximum frequency deviation is f max = max f i f c =4000 4) The angle modulated signal can be interpreted both as a PM and an FM signal. It is a PM signal with phase deviation constant k p = 4 and message signal m(t) = sin(000πt) and it is an FM signal with frequency deviation constant k f = 4000 and message signal m(t) = cos(000πt). Problem 4.5 The modulated signal can be written as u(t) = A c J n (β) cos(π(f c + nf m )t) The power in the frequency component f = f c + kf m is P k = A c J n (β). Hence, the power in the carrier is P carrier = A c J 0 (β) and in order to be zero the modulation index β should be one of the roots of J 0(x). The smallest root of J 0 (x) is found from tables to be equal.404. Thus, β min =.404 Problem 4.6 1) If the output of the narrowband FM modulator is, u(t) = A cos(πf 0 t + φ(t)) then the output of the upper frequency multiplier ( n 1 )is u 1 (t) = A cos(πn 1 f 0 t + n 1 φ(t)) After mixing with the output of the second frequency multiplier u (t) = A cos(πn f 0 t)we obtain the signal y(t) = A cos(πn 1 f 0 t + n 1 φ(t))cos(πn f 0 t) = A (cos(π(n 1 + n )f 0 + n 1 φ(t)) + cos(π(n 1 n )f 0 + n 1 φ(t))) 84
4 The bandwidth of the signal is W = 15 KHz, so the maximum frequency deviation is f = β f W = = 1.5 KHz. In order to achieve a frequency deviation of f = 75 KHz at the output of the wideband modulator, the frequency multiplier n 1 should be equal to n 1 = f f = = 50 Using an up-converter the frequency modulated signal is given by y(t) = A cos(π(n 1 + n )f 0 + n 1 φ(t)) Since the carrier frequency f c = (n 1 + n )f 0 is 104 MHz, n should be such that (n 1 + n )100 = n 1 + n = 1040 or n = 990 ) The maximum allowable drift (d f ) of the 100 khz oscillator should be such that (n 1 + n )d f = d f = =.0019 Hz 1040 Problem 4.7 The modulated PM signal is given by u(t) = A c cos(πf c t + k p m(t)) = A c Re [ e jπfct e ] jk pm(t) = A c Re [ e jπfct e jm(t)] The signal e jm(t) is periodic with period T m = 1 f m and Fourier series expansion c n = 1 Tm e jm(t) e jπnfmt dt T m Hence, and = 1 T m 0 Tm 0 e j e jπnf mt dt + 1 e j = e jπnf mt T m jπnf m = ( 1)n 1 j(e j e j ) = πn e jm(t) = l= u(t) = A c Re [ [ e jπfct e jm(t)] = A c Re = A c l= Tm 0 T m Tm Tm e j e jπnf mt dt e j e jπnf mt T m jπnf m { 0 n = l T m sin(1) n = l + 1 π(l+1) π(l + 1) sin(1)ejπlf mt e jπf ct l= sin(1) π(l + 1) cos(π(f c + lf m )t + φ l ) 85 Tm ] π(l + 1) sin(1)ejπlf mt
5 where φ l = 0 for l 0 and φ l = π for negative values of l. Problem 4.8 1) The instantaneous frequency is given by f i (t) = f c + 1 d π dt φ(t) = f c + 1 π 100m(t) A plot of f i (t) is given in the next figure f c f i (t)... f c π f c 500 π 0 t ) The peak frequency deviation is given by f max = k f max[ m(t) ] = 100 π 5 = 50 π Problem 4.9 1) The modulation index is β = k f max[ m(t) ] f m = f max = = f m 10 4 The modulated signal u(t) has the form u(t) = = A c J n (β) cos(π(f c + nf m )t + φ n ) 100J n () cos(π( n10 4 )t + φ n ) The power of the unmodulated carrier signal is P = 100 = The power in the frequency component f = f c + k10 4 is P fc +kf m = 100 J k () The next table shows the values of J k (), the frequency f c + kf m, the amplitude 100J k () and the power P fc +kf m for various values of k. 86
6 Index k J k () Frequency Hz Amplitude 100J k () Power P fc +kf m As it is observed from the table the signal components that have a power level greater than 500 (= 10% of the power of the unmodulated signal) are those with frequencies and Since J n (β) = J n (β) it is conceivable that the signal components with frequency and will satisfy the condition of minimum power level. Hence, there are four signal components that have a power of at least 10% of the power of the unmodulated signal. The components with frequencies , have an amplitude equal to 57.67, whereas the signal components with frequencies , have an amplitude equal to ) Using Carson s rule, the approximate bandwidth of the FM signal is B c = (β + 1)f m = ( + 1)10 4 = Hz Problem ) β p = k p max[ m(t) ] = 1.5 = 3 β f = k f max[ m(t) ] = 3000 = 6 f m 1000 ) Using Carson s rule we obtain B PM = (β p + 1)f m = = 8000 B FM = (β f + 1)f m = = ) The PM modulated signal can be written as u(t) = AJ n (β p ) cos(π( n10 3 )t) The next figure shows the amplitude of the spectrum for positive frequencies and for these components whose frequencies lie in the interval [ , ]. Note that J 0 (3) =.601, J 1 (3) = , J (3) = , J 3 (3) = and J 4 (3) =
7 AJ... (3) AJ 4 (3) In the case of the FM modulated signal u(t) = A cos(πf c t + β f sin(000πt)) = AJ n (6) cos(π( n10 3 )t + φ n ) The next figure shows the amplitude of the spectrum for positive frequencies and for these components whose frequencies lie in the interval [ , ]. The values of J n (6) for n = 0,...,7 are given in the following table. n J n (6) AJ 5 (6) f ) If the amplitude of m(t) is decreased by a factor of two, then m(t) = cos(π10 3 t) and The bandwidth is determined using Carson s rule as β p = k p max[ m(t) ] = 1.5 β f = k f max[ m(t) ] = 3000 f m 1000 = 3 B PM = (β p + 1)f m = = 5000 B FM = (β f + 1)f m = = 8000 The amplitude spectrum of the PM and FM modulated signals is plotted in the next figure for positive frequencies. Only those frequency components lying in the previous derived bandwidth are plotted. Note that J 0 (1.5) =.5118, J 1 (1.5) =.5579 and J (1.5) =
8 AJ 1 (1.5) AJ (1.5) AJ (3) AJ 4 (3) ) If the frequency of m(t) is increased by a factor of two, then m(t) = cos(π 10 3 t) and The bandwidth is determined using Carson s rule as β p = k p max[ m(t) ] = 1.5 = 3 β f = k f max[ m(t) ] = 3000 = 3 f m 000 B PM = (β p + 1)f m = = B FM = (β f + 1)f m = = The amplitude spectrum of the PM and FM modulated signals is plotted in the next figure for positive frequencies. Only those frequency components lying in the previous derived bandwidth are plotted. Note that doubling the frequency has no effect on the number of harmonics in the bandwidth of the PM signal, whereas it decreases the number of harmonics in the bandwidth of the FM signal from 14 to 8. 89
9 AJ (3) AJ 4 (3) Problem ) The PM modulated signal is u(t) = 100 cos(πf c t + π cos(π1000t)) = ( π ) 100J n cos(π( n10 3 )t) The next table tabulates J n (β) for β = π and n = 0,...,4. n J n (β) The total power of the modulated signal is P tot = 100 = To find the effective bandwidth of the signal we calculate the index k such that k n= k 100 ( π ) J n k n= k J n ( π ) 0.99 By trial end error we find that the smallest index k is. Hence the effective bandwidth is B eff = = 4000 In the the next figure we sketch the magnitude spectrum for the positive frequencies. 90
10 J 1( π ) 10 8 ) Using Carson s rule, the approximate bandwidth of the PM signal is B PM = (β p + 1)f m = ( π + 1)1000 = As it is observed, Carson s rule overestimates the effective bandwidth allowing in this way some margin for the missing harmonics. Problem 4.1 1) Assuming that u(t) is an FM signal it can be written as u(t) = 100 cos(πf c t + πk f α cos(πf m τ)dτ) = 100 cos(πf c t + k f α f m sin(πf m t)) Thus, the modulation index is β f = k f α f m = 4 and the bandwidth of the transmitted signal B FM = (β f + 1)f m = 10 KHz ) If we double the frequency, then u(t) = 100 cos(πf c t + 4 sin(πf m t)) Using the same argument as before we find that β f = 4 and B FM = (β f + 1)f m = 0 KHz 3) If the signal u(t) is PM modulated, then β p = φ max = max[4 sin(πf m t)]=4 The bandwidth of the modulated signal is B PM = (β p + 1)f m = 10 KHz 4) If f m is doubled, then β p = φ max remains unchanged whereas B PM = (β p + 1)f m = 0 KHz 91
11 Problem ) If the signal m(t) = m 1 (t) + m (t) DSB modulates the carrier A c cos(πf c t) the result is the signal u(t) = A c m(t) cos(πf c t) = A c (m 1 (t) + m (t)) cos(πf c t) = A c m 1 (t) cos(πf c t) + A c m (t) cos(πf c t) = u 1 (t) + u (t) where u 1 (t) and u (t) are the DSB modulated signals corresponding to the message signals m 1 (t) and m (t). Hence, AM modulation satisfies the superposition principle. ) If m(t) frequency modulates a carrier A c cos(πf c t) the result is u(t) = A c cos(πf c t + πk f (m 1 (τ) + m (τ))dτ) = A c cos(πf c t + πk f m 1 (τ)dτ) +A c cos(πf c t + πk f m (τ)dτ) = u 1 (t) + u (t) where the inequality follows from the nonlinearity of the cosine function. Hence, angle modulation is not a linear modulation method. Problem 4.14 The transfer function of the FM discriminator is Thus, H(s) = R R + Ls + 1 Cs = R L s s + R L s + 1 LC H(f) = 4π ( ) R L f ( 1 LC 4π f ) + 4π ( R L ) f As it is observed H(f) 1 with equality if 1 f = π LC Since this filter is to be used as a slope detector, we require that the frequency content of the signal, which is [80 6, ] MHz, to fall inside the region over which H(f) is almost linear. Such a region can be considered the interval [f 10,f 90 ], where f 10 is the frequency such that H(f 10 ) =10% max[ H(f) ] and f 90 is the frequency such that H(f 10 ) =90% max[ H(f) ]. 9
12 With max[ H(f) =1, f 10 = and f 90 = , we obtain the system of equations 4π f 10 4π f 90 Solving this system, we obtain πf 10 [1 0.1 ] 1 1 L LC = πf 90 [1 0.9 ] 1 1 L LC = 0 L = mh C = pf Problem 4.15 The case of φ(t) = β cos(πf m t) has been treated in the text, the modulated signal is u(t) = = A c J n (β) cos(π(f c + nf m )) 100J n (5) cos(π( n10)) The following table shows the values of J n (5) for n = 0,...,5. n J n (5) In the next figure we plot the magnitude and the phase spectrum for frequencies in the range [950, 1050] Hz. Note that J n (β) = J n (β) if n is even and J n (β) = J n (β) if n is odd. U(f) J 4 (5) U(f) π
13 The Fourier Series expansion of e jβ sin(πf mt) is c n = f m 5 4fm = 1 π 1 4fm π 0 = e j nπ Jn (β) e jβ sin(πf mt) e jπnf mt dt e jβ cos u jnu e j nπ du Hence, [ ] u(t) = A c Re c n e jπfct e jπnf mt = A c Re [ e jπ(f c+nf m )t+ nπ ] The magnitude and the phase spectra of u(t) for β = 5 and frequencies in the interval [950, 1000] Hz are shown in the next figure. Note that the phase spectrum has been plotted modulo π in the interval ( π, π]. U(f) U(f) π J 4 (5) π π Problem 4.16 The frequency deviation is given by f d (t) = f i (t) f c = k f m(t) whereas the phase deviation is obtained from φ d (t) = πk f m(τ)dτ In the next figure we plot the frequency and the phase deviation when m(t) is as in Fig. P-4.16 with k f = 5. 94
14 f d (t) t φ d (t) 50π... 5π π t Problem 4.17 Using Carson s rule we obtain B c = (β + 1)W = ( k f max[ m(t) ] W 000 k f = )W = 000 k f = k f = 1000 Problem 4.18 The modulation index is β = k f max[ m(t) ] = = 1.5 f m 8 The output of the FM modulator can be written as u(t) = 10 cos(π000t + πk f = 10 cos(π8τ)dτ) 10J n (1.5) cos(π(000 + n8)t + φ n ) At the output of the BPF only the signal components with frequencies in the interval [000 3, ] will be present. These components are the terms of u(t) for which n = 4,...,4. The power of the output signal is then 10 4 J 0 (1.5) + 10 J n (1.5) = = n=1 Since the total transmitted power is P tot = 10 = 50, the power at the output of the bandpass filter is only 6.30% of the transmitted power. Problem
15 1) The instantaneous frequency is f i (t) = f c + k f m 1 (t) The maximum of f i (t) is max[f i (t)] =max[f c + k f m 1 (t)] = = 1.5 MHz ) The phase of the PM modulated signal is φ(t) = k p m 1 (t) and the instantaneous frequency f i (t) = f c + 1 π d dt φ(t) = f c + k p π d dt m 1(t) The maximum of f i (t) is achieved for t in [0, 1] where d dt m 1(t) = 1. Hence, max[f i (t)] = π. 3) The maximum value of m (t) = sinc( 10 4 t) is 1 and it is achieved for t = 0. Hence, Since, F[sinc( 10 4 t)]= 1 Carson s rule, we obtain max[f i (t)] =max[f c + k f m (t)] = = MHz 10 4 ( f 10 4 ) the bandwidth of the message signal is W = Thus, using B = ( k f max[ m(t) ] W + 1)W = KHz Problem 4.0 Since 88 MHz <f c < 108 MHz and f c f c =f IF if f IF <f LO we conclude that in order for the image frequency f c to fall outside the interval [88, 108] MHZ, the minimum frequency f IF is such that f IF = f IF = 10 MHz If f IF = 10 MHz, then the range of f LO is [ , ] =[98, 118] MHz. 96
M(f) = 0. Linear modulation: linear relationship between the modulated signal and the message signal (ex: AM, DSB-SC, SSB, VSB).
4 Analog modulation 4.1 Modulation formats The message waveform is represented by a low-pass real signal mt) such that Mf) = 0 f W where W is the message bandwidth. mt) is called the modulating signal.
More information4.1 REPRESENTATION OF FM AND PM SIGNALS An angle-modulated signal generally can be written as
1 In frequency-modulation (FM) systems, the frequency of the carrier f c is changed by the message signal; in phase modulation (PM) systems, the phase of the carrier is changed according to the variations
More informationUniversity of Toronto Electrical & Computer Engineering ECE 316, Winter 2015 Thursday, February 12, Test #1
Name: Student No.: University of Toronto Electrical & Computer Engineering ECE 36, Winter 205 Thursday, February 2, 205 Test # Professor Dimitrios Hatzinakos Professor Deepa Kundur Duration: 50 minutes
More informationAngle Modulated Systems
Angle Modulated Systems Angle of carrier signal is changed in accordance with instantaneous amplitude of modulating signal. Two types Frequency Modulation (FM) Phase Modulation (PM) Use Commercial radio
More informationTHE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY RUTGERS. College of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY RUTGERS College of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 332:322 Principles of Communications Systems Spring Problem Set 3 1. Discovered Angle
More information1B Paper 6: Communications Handout 2: Analogue Modulation
1B Paper 6: Communications Handout : Analogue Modulation Ramji Venkataramanan Signal Processing and Communications Lab Department of Engineering ramji.v@eng.cam.ac.uk Lent Term 16 1 / 3 Modulation Modulation
More information(b) What are the differences between FM and PM? (c) What are the differences between NBFM and WBFM? [9+4+3]
Code No: RR220401 Set No. 1 1. (a) The antenna current of an AM Broadcast transmitter is 10A, if modulated to a depth of 50% by an audio sine wave. It increases to 12A as a result of simultaneous modulation
More informationECE 359 Spring 2003 Handout # 16 April 15, SNR for ANGLE MODULATION SYSTEMS. v(t) = A c cos(2πf c t + φ(t)) for FM. for PM.
ECE 359 Spring 23 Handout # 16 April 15, 23 Recall that for angle modulation: where The modulation index: ag replacements SNR for ANGLE MODULATION SYSTEMS v(t) = A c cos(2πf c t + φ(t)) t 2πk f m(t )dt
More informationLab10: FM Spectra and VCO
Lab10: FM Spectra and VCO Prepared by: Keyur Desai Dept. of Electrical Engineering Michigan State University ECE458 Lab 10 What is FM? A type of analog modulation Remember a common strategy in analog modulation?
More informationSpeech, music, images, and video are examples of analog signals. Each of these signals is characterized by its bandwidth, dynamic range, and the
Speech, music, images, and video are examples of analog signals. Each of these signals is characterized by its bandwidth, dynamic range, and the nature of the signal. For instance, in the case of audio
More informationDT Filters 2/19. Atousa Hajshirmohammadi, SFU
1/19 ENSC380 Lecture 23 Objectives: Signals and Systems Fourier Analysis: Discrete Time Filters Analog Communication Systems Double Sideband, Sub-pressed Carrier Modulation (DSBSC) Amplitude Modulation
More information3.1 Introduction to Modulation
Haberlesme Sistemlerine Giris (ELE 361) 9 Eylul 2017 TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Universitesi, Guz 2017-18 Dr. A. Melda Yuksel Turgut & Tolga Girici Lecture Notes Chapter 3 Amplitude Modulation Speech, music,
More informationECE 201: Introduction to Signal Analysis
ECE 201: Introduction to Signal Analysis Prof. Paris Last updated: October 9, 2007 Part I Spectrum Representation of Signals Lecture: Sums of Sinusoids (of different frequency) Introduction Sum of Sinusoidal
More informationELE636 Communication Systems
ELE636 Communication Systems Chapter 5 : Angle (Exponential) Modulation 1 Phase-locked Loop (PLL) The PLL can be used to track the phase and the frequency of the carrier component of an incoming signal.
More informationPart-I. Experiment 6:-Angle Modulation
Part-I Experiment 6:-Angle Modulation 1. Introduction 1.1 Objective This experiment deals with the basic performance of Angle Modulation - Phase Modulation (PM) and Frequency Modulation (FM). The student
More informationpage 7.51 Chapter 7, sections , pp Angle Modulation No Modulation (t) =2f c t + c Instantaneous Frequency 2 dt dt No Modulation
page 7.51 Chapter 7, sections 7.1-7.14, pp. 322-368 Angle Modulation s(t) =A c cos[(t)] No Modulation (t) =2f c t + c s(t) =A c cos[2f c t + c ] Instantaneous Frequency f i (t) = 1 d(t) 2 dt or w i (t)
More informationCommunications IB Paper 6 Handout 2: Analogue Modulation
Communications IB Paper 6 Handout 2: Analogue Modulation Jossy Sayir Signal Processing and Communications Lab Department of Engineering University of Cambridge jossy.sayir@eng.cam.ac.uk Lent Term c Jossy
More informationAngle Modulation, II. Lecture topics. FM bandwidth and Carson s rule. Spectral analysis of FM. Narrowband FM Modulation. Wideband FM Modulation
Angle Modulation, II Lecture topics FM bandwidth and Carson s rule Spectral analysis of FM Narrowband FM Modulation Wideband FM Modulation Bandwidth of Angle-Modulated Waves Angle modulation is nonlinear
More informationCommunication Channels
Communication Channels wires (PCB trace or conductor on IC) optical fiber (attenuation 4dB/km) broadcast TV (50 kw transmit) voice telephone line (under -9 dbm or 110 µw) walkie-talkie: 500 mw, 467 MHz
More informationLecture 6. Angle Modulation and Demodulation
Lecture 6 and Demodulation Agenda Introduction to and Demodulation Frequency and Phase Modulation Angle Demodulation FM Applications Introduction The other two parameters (frequency and phase) of the carrier
More informationOutline. Communications Engineering 1
Outline Introduction Signal, random variable, random process and spectra Analog modulation Analog to digital conversion Digital transmission through baseband channels Signal space representation Optimal
More informationAmplitude Modulation, II
Amplitude Modulation, II Single sideband modulation (SSB) Vestigial sideband modulation (VSB) VSB spectrum Modulator and demodulator NTSC TV signsals Quadrature modulation Spectral efficiency Modulator
More informationEE4512 Analog and Digital Communications Chapter 6. Chapter 6 Analog Modulation and Demodulation
Chapter 6 Analog Modulation and Demodulation Chapter 6 Analog Modulation and Demodulation Amplitude Modulation Pages 306-309 309 The analytical signal for double sideband, large carrier amplitude modulation
More informationProblems from the 3 rd edition
(2.1-1) Find the energies of the signals: a) sin t, 0 t π b) sin t, 0 t π c) 2 sin t, 0 t π d) sin (t-2π), 2π t 4π Problems from the 3 rd edition Comment on the effect on energy of sign change, time shifting
More informationWireless Communication Fading Modulation
EC744 Wireless Communication Fall 2008 Mohamed Essam Khedr Department of Electronics and Communications Wireless Communication Fading Modulation Syllabus Tentatively Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5
More informationAngle Modulation. Frequency Modulation
Angle Modulation Contrast to AM Generalized sinusoid: v(t)=v max sin(ωt+φ) Instead of Varying V max, Vary (ωt+φ) Angle and Pulse Modulation - 1 Frequency Modulation Instantaneous Carrier Frequency f i
More informationHW 6 Due: November 3, 10:39 AM (in class)
ECS 332: Principles of Communications 2015/1 HW 6 Due: November 3, 10:39 AM (in class) Lecturer: Prapun Suksompong, Ph.D. Instructions (a) ONE part of a question will be graded (5 pt). Of course, you do
More informationUNIT-2 Angle Modulation System
UNIT-2 Angle Modulation System Introduction There are three parameters of a carrier that may carry information: Amplitude Frequency Phase Frequency Modulation Power in an FM signal does not vary with modulation
More informationChapter 5. Amplitude Modulation
Chapter 5 Amplitude Modulation So far we have developed basic signal and system representation techniques which we will now apply to the analysis of various analog communication systems. In particular,
More informationSignals and Systems Lecture 9 Communication Systems Frequency-Division Multiplexing and Frequency Modulation (FM)
Signals and Systems Lecture 9 Communication Systems Frequency-Division Multiplexing and Frequency Modulation (FM) April 11, 2008 Today s Topics 1. Frequency-division multiplexing 2. Frequency modulation
More informationDigital Signal Processing Lecture 1 - Introduction
Digital Signal Processing - Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee, Knoxville August 20, 2015 Overview 1 2 3 4 Basic building blocks in DSP Frequency analysis Sampling Filtering
More informationB.Tech II Year II Semester (R13) Supplementary Examinations May/June 2017 ANALOG COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Code: 13A04404 R13 B.Tech II Year II Semester (R13) Supplementary Examinations May/June 2017 ANALOG COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (Electronics and Communication Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 PART A
More informationEE470 Electronic Communication Theory Exam II
EE470 Electronic Communication Theory Exam II Open text, closed notes. For partial credit, you must show all formulas in symbolic form and you must work neatly!!! Date: November 6, 2013 Name: 1. [16%]
More informationLaboratory 3: Frequency Modulation
Laboratory 3: Frequency Modulation Cory J. Prust, Ph.D. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Milwaukee School of Engineering Last Update: 20 December 2018 Contents 0 Laboratory Objectives
More informationChapter 3: Analog Modulation Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved.
Contemporary Communication Systems using MATLAB Chapter 3: Analog Modulation 2013 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved. 3.1 Preview In this chapter we study analog modulation & demodulation,
More informationHW 6 Due: November 9, 4 PM
Name ID3 ECS 332: Principles of Communications 2018/1 HW 6 Due: November 9, 4 PM Lecturer: Prapun Suksompong, Ph.D. Instructions (a) This assignment has 10 pages. (b) (1 pt) Work and write your answers
More informationSolutions to some sampled questions of previous finals
Solutions to some sampled questions of previous finals First exam: Problem : he modulating signal m(a m coπf m is used to generate the VSB signal β cos[ π ( f c + f m ) t] + (1 β ) cos[ π ( f c f m ) t]
More informationLecture 2. FOURIER TRANSFORMS AM and FM
Lecture 2 FOURIER TRANSFORMS AM and FM We saw in the supplement on power spectra that the human range of hearing is concentrated in the range 4Hz to about 4Hz. That s where we d expect radio broadcasts
More informationMidterm 1. Total. Name of Student on Your Left: Name of Student on Your Right: EE 20N: Structure and Interpretation of Signals and Systems
EE 20N: Structure and Interpretation of Signals and Systems Midterm 1 12:40-2:00, February 19 Notes: There are five questions on this midterm. Answer each question part in the space below it, using the
More information1. Clearly circle one answer for each part.
TB 1-9 / Exam Style Questions 1 EXAM STYLE QUESTIONS Covering Chapters 1-9 of Telecommunication Breakdown 1. Clearly circle one answer for each part. (a) TRUE or FALSE: Absolute bandwidth is never less
More informationPrinciples of Communications ECS 332
Principles of Communications ECS 332 Asst. Prof. Dr. Prapun Suksompong prapun@siit.tu.ac.th 5. Angle Modulation Office Hours: BKD, 6th floor of Sirindhralai building Wednesday 4:3-5:3 Friday 4:3-5:3 Example
More informationCMPT 368: Lecture 4 Amplitude Modulation (AM) Synthesis
CMPT 368: Lecture 4 Amplitude Modulation (AM) Synthesis Tamara Smyth, tamaras@cs.sfu.ca School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University January 8, 008 Beat Notes What happens when we add two frequencies
More informationCode No: R Set No. 1
Code No: R05220405 Set No. 1 II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007 ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours
More informationLinear Frequency Modulation (FM) Chirp Signal. Chirp Signal cont. CMPT 468: Lecture 7 Frequency Modulation (FM) Synthesis
Linear Frequency Modulation (FM) CMPT 468: Lecture 7 Frequency Modulation (FM) Synthesis Tamara Smyth, tamaras@cs.sfu.ca School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University January 26, 29 Till now we
More informationThe Communications Channel (Ch.11):
ECE-5 Phil Schniter February 5, 8 The Communications Channel (Ch.): The eects o signal propagation are usually modeled as: ECE-5 Phil Schniter February 5, 8 Filtering due to Multipath Propagation: The
More informationDesign of a Transceiver for 3G DECT Physical Layer. - Rohit Budhiraja
Design of a Transceiver for 3G DECT Physical Layer - Rohit Budhiraja The Big Picture 2G DECT Binary GFSK 1.152Mbps 3G DECT M-ary DPSK 3.456 Mbps DECT - Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications Overview
More informationFundamentals of Communication Systems SECOND EDITION
GLOBAL EDITIO Fundamentals of Communication Systems SECOD EDITIO John G. Proakis Masoud Salehi 78 Effect of oise on Analog Communication Systems Chapter 6 The noise power is P n = ow we can find the output
More informationANALOGUE TRANSMISSION OVER FADING CHANNELS
J.P. Linnartz EECS 290i handouts Spring 1993 ANALOGUE TRANSMISSION OVER FADING CHANNELS Amplitude modulation Various methods exist to transmit a baseband message m(t) using an RF carrier signal c(t) =
More informationANALOG (DE)MODULATION
ANALOG (DE)MODULATION Amplitude Modulation with Large Carrier Amplitude Modulation with Suppressed Carrier Quadrature Modulation Injection to Intermediate Frequency idealized system Software Receiver Design
More informationEXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF B.E. Semester 1 June COMMUNICATIONS IV (ELEC ENG 4035)
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF B.E. Semester 1 June 2007 101902 COMMUNICATIONS IV (ELEC ENG 4035) Official Reading Time: Writing Time: Total Duration: 10 mins 120 mins 130 mins Instructions: This is a closed
More informationMassachusetts Institute of Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Fall Semester, Introduction to EECS 2
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Fall Semester, 2006 6.082 Introduction to EECS 2 Modulation and Demodulation Introduction A communication system
More informationLecture 10. Digital Modulation
Digital Modulation Lecture 10 On-Off keying (OOK), or amplitude shift keying (ASK) Phase shift keying (PSK), particularly binary PSK (BPSK) Frequency shift keying Typical spectra Modulation/demodulation
More informationEE456 Digital Communications
EE456 Digital Communications Professor Ha Nguyen September 216 EE456 Digital Communications 1 Angle Modulation In AM signals the information content of message m(t) is embedded as amplitude variation of
More informationSpectral pre-emphasis/de-emphasis to improve SNR
Angle Modulation, III Lecture topics FM Modulation (review) FM Demodulation Spectral pre-emphasis/de-emphasis to improve SNR NBFM Modulation For narrowband signals, k f a(t) 1 and k p m(t) 1, ˆϕ NBFM A(cosω
More informationFourier Transform Analysis of Signals and Systems
Fourier Transform Analysis of Signals and Systems Ideal Filters Filters separate what is desired from what is not desired In the signals and systems context a filter separates signals in one frequency
More informationSpectrum. Additive Synthesis. Additive Synthesis Caveat. Music 270a: Modulation
Spectrum Music 7a: Modulation Tamara Smyth, trsmyth@ucsd.edu Department of Music, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) October 3, 7 When sinusoids of different frequencies are added together, the
More informationFrequency Modulation KEEE343 Communication Theory Lecture #15, April 28, Prof. Young-Chai Ko
Frequency Modulation KEEE343 Communication Theory Lecture #15, April 28, 2011 Prof. Young-Chai Ko koyc@korea.ac.kr Summary Angle Modulation Properties of Angle Modulation Narrowband Frequency Modulation
More information3.1 Introduction 3.2 Amplitude Modulation 3.3 Double Sideband-Suppressed Carrier Modulation 3.4 Quadrature-Carrier Multiplexing 3.
Chapter 3 Amplitude Modulation Wireless Information Transmission System Lab. Institute of Communications Engineering g National Sun Yat-sen University Outline 3.1 Introduction 3. Amplitude Modulation 3.3
More informationTraditional Analog Modulation Techniques
Chapter 5 Traditional Analog Modulation Techniques Mikael Olosson 2002 2007 Modulation techniques are mainly used to transmit inormation in a given requency band. The reason or that may be that the channel
More informationModulation is the process of impressing a low-frequency information signal (baseband signal) onto a higher frequency carrier signal
Modulation is the process of impressing a low-frequency information signal (baseband signal) onto a higher frequency carrier signal Modulation is a process of mixing a signal with a sinusoid to produce
More informationDSP First. Laboratory Exercise #7. Everyday Sinusoidal Signals
DSP First Laboratory Exercise #7 Everyday Sinusoidal Signals This lab introduces two practical applications where sinusoidal signals are used to transmit information: a touch-tone dialer and amplitude
More informationWireless Communication
ECEN 242 Wireless Electronics for Communication Spring 22-3-2 P. Mathys Wireless Communication Brief History In 893 Nikola Tesla (Serbian-American, 856 943) gave lectures in Philadelphia before the Franklin
More informationProblem Sheet for Amplitude Modulation
Problem heet for Amplitude Modulation Q1: For the sinusoidaly modulated DB/LC waveform shown in Fig. below. a Find the modulation index. b ketch a line spectrum. c Calculated the ratio of average power
More informationSIR PADAMPAT SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY UDAIPUR Sample Question Paper for Ph.D. (Electronics & Communication Engineering) SPSAT 18
INSTRUCTIONS SIR PADAMPAT SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY UDAIPUR Sample Question Paper for Ph.D. (Electronics & Communication Engineering) SPSAT 18 The test is 60 minutes long and consists of 40 multiple choice
More informationTwelve voice signals, each band-limited to 3 khz, are frequency -multiplexed using 1 khz guard bands between channels and between the main carrier
Twelve voice signals, each band-limited to 3 khz, are frequency -multiplexed using 1 khz guard bands between channels and between the main carrier and the first channel. The modulation of the main carrier
More informationMusic 270a: Modulation
Music 7a: Modulation Tamara Smyth, trsmyth@ucsd.edu Department of Music, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) October 3, 7 Spectrum When sinusoids of different frequencies are added together, the
More informationECE5713 : Advanced Digital Communications
ECE5713 : Advanced Digital Communications Bandpass Modulation MPSK MASK, OOK MFSK 04-May-15 Advanced Digital Communications, Spring-2015, Week-8 1 In-phase and Quadrature (I&Q) Representation Any bandpass
More informationAnalog Communication.
Analog Communication Vishnu N V Tele is Greek for at a distance, and Communicare is latin for to make common. Telecommunication is the process of long distance communications. Early telecommunications
More information( ) ( ) ( p ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4400 341: Introduction to Communication Systems Spring 2017 Solution to Homework Assignment #5: 1 For a message signal m t = 2 cos 1000t + 9 cos 2000πt 1-a Write expressions (do not sketch for φ /0 t and
More informationCMPT 468: Frequency Modulation (FM) Synthesis
CMPT 468: Frequency Modulation (FM) Synthesis Tamara Smyth, tamaras@cs.sfu.ca School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University October 6, 23 Linear Frequency Modulation (FM) Till now we ve seen signals
More informationLaboratory Assignment 5 Amplitude Modulation
Laboratory Assignment 5 Amplitude Modulation PURPOSE In this assignment, you will explore the use of digital computers for the analysis, design, synthesis, and simulation of an amplitude modulation (AM)
More informationEE-4022 Experiment 3 Frequency Modulation (FM)
EE-4022 MILWAUKEE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING 2015 Page 3-1 Student Objectives: EE-4022 Experiment 3 Frequency Modulation (FM) In this experiment the student will use laboratory modules including a Voltage-Controlled
More informationSinusoids. Lecture #2 Chapter 2. BME 310 Biomedical Computing - J.Schesser
Sinusoids Lecture # Chapter BME 30 Biomedical Computing - 8 What Is this Course All About? To Gain an Appreciation of the Various Types of Signals and Systems To Analyze The Various Types of Systems To
More informationDIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS. MSc in Electronic Technologies and Communications
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS MSc in Electronic Technologies and Communications Bandpass binary signalling The common techniques of bandpass binary signalling are: - On-off keying (OOK), also known as
More informationElements of Communication System Channel Fig: 1: Block Diagram of Communication System Terminology in Communication System
Content:- Fundamentals of Communication Engineering : Elements of a Communication System, Need of modulation, electromagnetic spectrum and typical applications, Unit V (Communication terminologies in communication
More informationEITG05 Digital Communications
Fourier transform EITG05 Digital Communications Lecture 4 Bandwidth of Transmitted Signals Michael Lentmaier Thursday, September 3, 08 X(f )F{x(t)} x(t) e jπ ft dt X Re (f )+jx Im (f ) X(f ) e jϕ(f ) x(t)f
More informationProblem Set 8 #4 Solution
Problem Set 8 #4 Solution Solution to PS8 Extra credit #4 E. Sterl Phinney ACM95b/100b 1 Mar 004 4. (7 3 points extra credit) Bessel Functions and FM radios FM (Frequency Modulated) radio works by encoding
More informationEE3723 : Digital Communications
EE3723 : Digital Communications Week 8-9: Bandpass Modulation MPSK MASK, OOK MFSK 04-May-15 Muhammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad - Digital Communications - EE3723 1 In-phase and Quadrature (I&Q) Representation
More informationANALOG COMMUNICATIONS. BY P.Swetha, Assistant Professor (Units 1, 2 & 5) K.D.K.Ajay, Assistant Professor (Units 3 & 4)
ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS BY P.Swetha, Assistant Professor (Units 1, 2 & 5) K.D.K.Ajay, Assistant Professor (Units 3 & 4) (R15A0409) ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS Course Objectives: Objective of the course is to:
More information2.1 BASIC CONCEPTS Basic Operations on Signals Time Shifting. Figure 2.2 Time shifting of a signal. Time Reversal.
1 2.1 BASIC CONCEPTS 2.1.1 Basic Operations on Signals Time Shifting. Figure 2.2 Time shifting of a signal. Time Reversal. 2 Time Scaling. Figure 2.4 Time scaling of a signal. 2.1.2 Classification of Signals
More informationPULSE SHAPING AND RECEIVE FILTERING
PULSE SHAPING AND RECEIVE FILTERING Pulse and Pulse Amplitude Modulated Message Spectrum Eye Diagram Nyquist Pulses Matched Filtering Matched, Nyquist Transmit and Receive Filter Combination adaptive components
More informationOutline. EECS 3213 Fall Sebastian Magierowski York University. Review Passband Modulation. Constellations ASK, FSK, PSK.
EECS 3213 Fall 2014 L12: Modulation Sebastian Magierowski York University 1 Outline Review Passband Modulation ASK, FSK, PSK Constellations 2 1 Underlying Idea Attempting to send a sequence of digits through
More informationSpectrogram Review The Sampling Problem: 2π Ambiguity Fourier Series. Lecture 6: Sampling. ECE 401: Signal and Image Analysis. University of Illinois
Lecture 6: Sampling ECE 401: Signal and Image Analysis University of Illinois 2/7/2017 1 Spectrogram Review 2 The Sampling Problem: 2π Ambiguity 3 Fourier Series Outline 1 Spectrogram Review 2 The Sampling
More informationLecture 15. Signal Transmission Radio Spectrum. Duplexing Channel Sharing or Multiplexing Modulation. Elec 1200
Signal Transmission- Modulation Lecture 15 Signal Transmission Radio Spectrum Multiple Users Duplexing Channel Sharing or Multiplexing Modulation Elec 1200 Signal Transmission In a communications system
More informationModulations Analog Modulations Amplitude modulation (AM) Linear modulation Frequency modulation (FM) Phase modulation (PM) cos Angle modulation FM PM Digital Modulations ASK FSK PSK MSK MFSK QAM PAM Etc.
More informationSpectrum. The basic idea of measurement. Instrumentation for spectral measurements Ján Šaliga 2017
Instrumentation for spectral measurements Ján Šaliga 017 Spectrum Substitution of waveform by the sum of harmonics (sinewaves) with specific amplitudes, frequences and phases. The sum of sinewave have
More informationAM Limitations. Amplitude Modulation II. DSB-SC Modulation. AM Modifications
Lecture 6: Amplitude Modulation II EE 3770: Communication Systems AM Limitations AM Limitations DSB-SC Modulation SSB Modulation VSB Modulation Lecture 6 Amplitude Modulation II Amplitude modulation is
More informationENSC327 Communication Systems 27: Digital Bandpass Modulation. (Ch. 7) Jie Liang School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University
ENSC37 Communication Systems 7: Digital Bandpass Modulation (Ch. 7) Jie Liang School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University 1 Outline 7.1 Preliminaries 7. Binary Amplitude-Shift Keying (BASK) 7.3
More informationELE 635 Communication Systems. Assignment Problems and Solutions
ELE 635 Communication Systems Assignment Problems and Solutions Winter 2015 CONTENTS Assignment 1: Signals and Signal Space 1.1 Problems... 1 1.2 Solutions... 3 Assignment 2: Analysis and Transmission
More informationECE 201: Introduction to Signal Analysis. Dr. B.-P. Paris Dept. Electrical and Comp. Engineering George Mason University
ECE 201: Introduction to Signal Analysis Dr. B.-P. Paris Dept. Electrical and Comp. Engineering George Mason University Last updated: November 29, 2016 2016, B.-P. Paris ECE 201: Intro to Signal Analysis
More informationAmplitude Modulation II
Lecture 6: Amplitude Modulation II EE 3770: Communication Systems Lecture 6 Amplitude Modulation II AM Limitations DSB-SC Modulation SSB Modulation VSB Modulation Multiplexing Mojtaba Vaezi 6-1 Contents
More informationChapter 2. Signals and Spectra
Chapter 2 Signals and Spectra Outline Properties of Signals and Noise Fourier Transform and Spectra Power Spectral Density and Autocorrelation Function Orthogonal Series Representation of Signals and Noise
More informationChapter 8 Frequency Modulation (FM)
Chapter 8 Frequency Modulation (FM) Contents Slide 1 Frequency Modulation (FM) Slide 2 FM Signal Definition (cont.) Slide 3 Discrete-Time FM Modulator Slide 4 Single Tone FM Modulation Slide 5 Single Tone
More informationChapter 7 Multiple Division Techniques for Traffic Channels
Introduction to Wireless & Mobile Systems Chapter 7 Multiple Division Techniques for Traffic Channels Outline Introduction Concepts and Models for Multiple Divisions Frequency Division Multiple Access
More informationECE 201: Introduction to Signal Analysis
ECE 201: Introduction to Signal Analysis Dr. B.-P. Paris Dept. Electrical and Comp. Engineering George Mason University Last updated: November 29, 2016 2016, B.-P. Paris ECE 201: Intro to Signal Analysis
More informationzt ( ) = Ae find f(t)=re( zt ( )), g(t)= Im( zt ( )), and r(t), and θ ( t) if z(t)=r(t) e
Homework # Fundamentals Review Homework or EECS 562 (As needed or plotting you can use Matlab or another sotware tool or your choice) π. Plot x ( t) = 2cos(2π5 t), x ( t) = 2cos(2π5( t.25)), and x ( t)
More informationHandout 13: Intersymbol Interference
ENGG 2310-B: Principles of Communication Systems 2018 19 First Term Handout 13: Intersymbol Interference Instructor: Wing-Kin Ma November 19, 2018 Suggested Reading: Chapter 8 of Simon Haykin and Michael
More informationTheory of Telecommunications Networks
Theory of Telecommunications Networks Anton Čižmár Ján Papaj Department of electronics and multimedia telecommunications CONTENTS Preface... 5 1 Introduction... 6 1.1 Mathematical models for communication
More informationDigital Communication
Digital Communication (ECE4058) Electronics and Communication Engineering Hanyang University Haewoon Nam Lecture 1 1 Digital Band Pass Modulation echnique Digital and-pass modulation techniques Amplitude-shift
More informationMaster Degree in Electronic Engineering
Master Degree in Electronic Engineering Analog and telecommunication electronic course (ATLCE-01NWM) Miniproject: Baseband signal transmission techniques Name: LI. XINRUI E-mail: s219989@studenti.polito.it
More information