Optimal Placement of Sectionalizing Switches in Radial Distribution Systems by a Genetic Algorithm
|
|
- Anne Ashlyn Smith
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) 2-28 Optma Pacement of Sectonazng Swtches n Rada Dstrbuton Systems by a Genetc Agorthm K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku Abstract Proper nstaaton of sectonazng swtches n a dstrbuton system can mprove system reabty. Subectve pacement of sectonazng swtches coud ead to undernvestment whch, athough ess reabe, can produce unacceptabe oad pont faures or to overnvestment whch, athough more reabe, s uneconomc. Therefore, pacement of sectonazng swtches shoud be udcousy determned to provde the baance between the utty s cost and the customers outage cost. Ths probem fas nto a cass of combnatora optmzaton whch can be effcenty soved by a genetc agorthm. The genetc agorthm s used to search for the number of swtches and ther ocatons. Reabty cost/worth anayss s then performed to cacuate the customer s outage cost. The methodoogy s ustrated by a subdstrbuton network of Provnca Eectrcty Authorty (PEA) of Thaand, whch conssts of 2 prmary feeders and 26 oad ponts. Keywords Dstrbuton system reabty, Genetc agorthm, Sectonazng swtches, Servce restoraton.. INTRODUCTION Reabty n a dstrbuton system, whch transfers eectrca energy from transmsson systems to end-user customers, can be mproved by the nstaaton of sectonazng swtches. A sectonazng swtch s a devce that soates a fauted part from the system so that the heathy part can st be eectrcay supped and the nterrupton duraton s mnmzed. Swtch pacement pays an mportant roe n automated dstrbuton network, where the sectonazng swtches can be remotey actvated. Uttes normay empoy past experence, customer data, and other consderaton for the approprate number of swtches and ther ocatons. Subectve pacement of sectonazng swtches woud, however, ead to undernvestment and therefore ow reabty for the customers. On the other hand, athough hgh reabty, t woud ead to uneconomc owng to the utty s ncreased nvestment for the nstaaton costs of the swtches, whch are qute sgnfcant as ndcated by []. Therefore, the evauaton of the costs assocated wth dfferent pacements and the correspondng reabty worth assocated wth the dfferences shoud be udcousy determned. The souton to the probem presented n ths paper s based on a genetc agorthm and reabty cost/worth anayss. Genetc agorthms are stochastc optmzaton technques that have a arge number of appcatons, ncudng power system areas, for exampe optma reconfguraton dstrbuton networks, optma capactor K. Kneam (correspondng author) s wth Facuty of Technca Educaton, Kng Mongkut s Unversty of Technoogy North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thaand. Phone ext.333; Fax: ; E-ma: kanokwa@kmutnb.ac.th. S. Srsumrannuku s wth Facuty of Engneerng, Kng Mongkut s Unversty of Technoogy North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thaand. E-ma: spss@kmutnb.ac.th. pacement n dstrbuton system and optma power fow. Wth the genetc agorthm and reabty cost/worth anayss, the optma pacement of sectonazng devces can be obtaned provdng the owest tota cost that s the sum of nvestment cost, mantenance cost and customer outage cost. The methodoogy s ustrated by a subdstrbuton network of Provnca Eectrcty Authorty (PEA), whch conssts of 2 prmary feeders and 26 oad ponts. 2. GENETIC ALGORITHM The genetc agorthm (GA) s a stochastc search technque based on the prncpes of genetcs and natura seecton [2]. The GA operates on popuatons that consst of a number of ndvduas. The nta popuaton s randomy generated. Each ndvdua s then evauated to obtan a measure of ts ftness n terms of the obectve functon to be optmzed. The agorthm aows a popuaton composed of many ndvduas to evove by two basc operators crossover and mutaton. The crossover operator creates new ndvdua by combnng substrngs from the parent ndvduas. The mutaton operator creates a new ndvdua by changng randomy seected bts n ts codng. The genetc agorthm empoyed n ths paper s based on the foowng ten steps [3]. Step : Generate popuaton and popuaton 2 whch satsfy the constrants of a probem. Step 2: Evauate the ftness of each ndvdua n popuaton 2 to fnd the best ftness of popuaton 2. The ftness s cacuated from the obectve functon. Step 3: Create a new popuaton 3 from the crossover operator between popuaton and the best ftness ndvdua of popuaton 2. If t turns out that the ftness of an ndvdua n popuaton 3 s better than the best ftness ndvdua n popuaton 2, then that ndvdua n popuaton 2
2 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) repaces the best ftness ndvdua. Otherwse, the ndvdua repaces ts parent n popuaton wth a probabty of repacement. Step 4: Seect and keep the best ftness from popuaton 2. Step 5: Brng popuaton to the crossover and mutaton process. Step 6: Ths s the same as step 3 except that nstead of usng the best ftness ndvdua n popuaton 2, a randomy seected ndvdua from popuaton 2 s brought to crossover wth some probabty. Step 7: Seect and keep the best ftness from popuaton 2. Step 8: Compare the best ftness ndvdua from step 4 wth that of step 7. Step 9: Update the best ftness ndvdua of popuaton 2 n step 3 wth the one obtaned from step 8. Step 0: Repeat step 3 through step 7 unt the maxmum generaton has been reached. 3. RELIABILITY COST/WORTH IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS A dstrbuton crcut normay uses prmary or man feeders and atera dstrbutons. A prmary feeder orgnates from a substaton and passes through maor oad centers. The atera dstrbutors connect the ndvdua oad ponts to the man feeder wth dstrbuton transformers at ther ends. Many dstrbuton systems used n practce have a snge-crcut man feeder and defned as rada dstrbuton system. Rada dstrbuton systems are wdey used because of ther smpe desgn and generay ow cost. A rada dstrbuton system conssts of seres components (e.g., nes, cabes, transformers) to oad ponts. Ths confguraton requres that a components between a oad pont and the suppy pont operate and therefore poor reabty can be expected because the faure of any snge component causes the oad ponts dsconnected. However, many dstrbuton systems have normay open ponts that can be swtched to meshed systems n the event of a system faure [4]. In addton, oad pont reabty can be mproved by nstang sectonazng swtches that can remove the fauted part from the remanng heathy system. Reabty cost s quantfed n forms of nvestment ncurred by nstaaton of sectonazng swtches, whereas reabty worth s quantfed n forms of customer outage costs served as nput data for cost mpcatons and worth assessments of system pannng and operatona decsons. The customer outage costs are cacuated from reabty ndces of the oad ponts and customer damage functons. The customer damage functon utzed n ths paper s shown n Fgure [5]. The basc dstrbuton system reabty ndces are average faure rate, average outage duraton r, and annua outage duraton U. Wth the three oad pont ndces and oad mode at oad ponts, system average nterrupton frequency ndex (SAIFI), system average nterrupton duraton ndex (SAIDI), expected energy not supped (ENS), and expected outage cost (ECOST) can be cacuated. These four reabty ndces are cacuated from where n n n L r k λ P k SAIFI = SAIDI = ENS = n n = k = n ECOST = = k = n = = k = n k n λ P P () k = n = λ r P P (2) n = = k = L k r λ (3) L k C k ( r ) λ (4) = number of oad steps = number of oad ponts that are soated due to a contngency = number of outage events = tota number of oad ponts = oad at oad pont k for the th step of oad duraton curve at oad pont k = average outage tme of contngency = faure rate of contngency = number of customers connected to a oad pont k C k ( r ) = outage cost ($/kw) of customer cass k due to outage wth an outage duraton of r Fg.. Customer Damage Functon. 4. PROBLEM FORMULATION The obectve functon of the probem of sectonazng swtch pacement s to seect the number of swtches and ther ocatons such that the sum of the nstaaton cost mantenance cost and ECOST s mnmzed subect to 22
3 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) 2-28 system constrants. The system constrants are votage and ne current mts. The obectve functon s mathematcay expressed by (5). The frst two costs of (5) depend on the number of sectonazng swtches whereas the ast cost s cacuated from (4). + ECOST ns ns Instaaton cost + n= n= Mnmze Mantenace cost (5) subect to where ns V I mn max max V mn max I I V V max = number of sectonazng swtches = votage at th node = current of feeder secton V = mnmun votage at th node V = maxmun votage at th node I = rated current of feeder secton 5. DISTRIBUTION POWER IN RADIAL SYSTEM Load fow souton n a radcay operated dstrbuton network can be effcenty soved by the formaton of a constant spare upper trange matrx to determne the bus votages. Ths method requres nta votages, system confguraton, and a branch-to-node matrx. The votages at a nodes are cacuated by teratve process wthout matrx nverson. Ths method s effcent n terms of speed, convergence and computer storage requrement. The agorthm s descrbed as foows [7]. Step : Consder the network topoogy descrpton, network data, and oad data. Step 2: Form matrx [ C ] from branch-to-node of the branch currents from topoogy descrpton of the gven system. Step 3: Assume votages at a nodes are equa to the source node or ntaze a nodes wth prevousy cacuate votage Step 4: where Determne the oad current at a nodes by P - Q V J = + + YV + I =, 2,..., nb * L V Z nb = number of node (ncudng source node) n = nb - b = number of branches V o = source node votage J = oad current at th node V = votage at th node P, Q = rea and reactve oads at th node, respectvey Z = oad at th node modeed by a constant mpedance Y = oad at th node modeed by a constant admttance I L = oad at th node modeed by a constant current [ b ] = vector of branch currents of order ( b ) [ v b ] = vector of branch votage of order ( b ) [ J L ] = vector of oad current at a nodes of order ( n ) [ C ] = branch-to-node matrx of order ( b n) [ z ] = prmtve mpedance matrx of order ( b b) Step 5: Determne the branch currents of a branches by [ ] = [ C][ J ] b L Step 6: Determne the branch votages of a branches [ v ] [ ][ ] by b = z b Step 7: Determne a the new node votages from V = V 0 b = C v, =, 2,, n Step 8: Check for convergence based on node votage dfferences between consecutve teratons and repeat step 4 to step 7 unt the souton converges to a prespecfed toerance of per unt. 6. SOLUTION ALGORITHM The foowng steps present the souton agorthm for the optma pacement of sectonazng swtches n rada dstrbuton systems based on the genetc agorthm and reabty cost/worth anayss. Step : Input ength of feeder n each secton, oad eve per oad pont, faure rate, repar tme, swtch tme, repacement tme, transfer tme, outage cost to customer due to suppy outage, swtch ocatons and faure probabty of fuses. Step 2: Input popuaton sze and maxmum generaton. Step 3: Generate popuatons and 2 as descrbed n step of Secton 2. Each ndvdua n the popuatons s represented by a strng of bnary numbers. Bnary vaues of 0 and ndcate swtch nstaaton and unnstaaton, respectvey. Step 4: For each ndvdua, consder a contngency at oad pont k (e.g., outage of a ne or a transformer) n the network for a oad step. Determne a the affected customers ( ) due to the contngency and the nterrupton duraton r. The vaue of r s repar tme, repacement tme or swtchng tme. Repar tme and repacement tme are used for the customers who are subected to ong nterruptons. 23
4 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) 2-28 Swtchng tme s used for those to whom the servce s restored through aternate suppy. Step 5: Cacuate the current n each feeder secton and the votage at each oad pont usng the dstrbuton oad fow agorthm presented n Secton 5, takng nto account oad transfer f an aternatve suppy s avaabe. Step 6: Obtan the oad pont nterrupton cost C ( r ) wth the customer damage functon shown n Fgure. Step 7: Cacuate the contrbuton of the contngency to system ECOST usng Lk C k = k ( r ) λ. Step 8: If k =, go to step 9. Otherwse, repeat step 5 to step 7 for a next oad step. Step 9: If = n (a the contngences on the prmary and the atera sectons at a oads have been consdered), go to step 0. Otherwse, repeat step 5 for next contngency. Step 0: If = n, go to step. Otherwse, repeat step 5 for next oad eve. Step : Cacuate the obectve functon from the summaton of the nvestment cost, mantenance cost, ECOST and a penaty term. The penaty term s used f the popuaton beng consdered voates the constrants of ne current and bus votage mts. Step 2: Do step 4 to step unt every ndvdua n popuatons and 2 are consdered. Step 3: Perform step 3 to step 0 n Secton CASE STUDY The test system n ths case study conssts of two feeders of PEA desgnated as KWA0 (stand for Kongkwang0) and KWA06 (stand for Kongkwang06) [8]. These two feeders have 2 feeders and 26 oad ponts shown n Fgure 2 and connected wth resdenta customers, sma users, medum users, arge users, speca users and government. Fuses are nstaed at the tee-pont n each atera. The network data s provded n appendx. Three phase pad mounted sectonazng swtches are consdered for the test system. The nvestment cost of a pad mounted sectonazng swtch s taken as 200,000 Baht. The annua mantenance cost s 2% of the annua nvestment cost. The fe perod of the swtch s consdered to be 20 years and the nterest rate as 8%. Fve cases are nvestgated. Case : Sectonazng swtches are nstaed aong the man feeders at the postons numbered n Fgure 2. The fuses at the atera dstrbutors are assumed to be 00% reabe. Case 2: Ths s the same as case except that no sectonazng swtches are nstaed at the ocatons numbered n Fgure 2. Case 3: Ths s the same as case except that the number and ocatons of sectonazng swtches k are determned by the genetc agorthm wth 00 generatons and 70 popuatons. Case 4: The same as case 3 except that the fuses are 90% reabe. Case 5: Ths s the same as case 3 except that a seven step oad duraton curve shown n Fgure 3 nstead of the average oad s apped to each oad pont wth a oad ncrement of 0%. The correspondng step probabtes are 0.032, 0.4, 0.65, , 0.247, , [5]. KWA LP LP2 KWA LP3 LP8 LP LP9 LP 0 LP LP Probabty LP 6 LP 9 LP LP LP5 LP6 LP7 LP 2 48 LP 8 LP LP2 LP3 LP4 LP5 LP LP 3 LP 4 Fg. 2. Feeder KWA0 and KWA Crcut Breaker Normay Open Swtch %Max oad Fg. 3. Seven Step Load Duraton Curve. 24
5 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) 2-28 Tabe. Resuts of Fve Cases Case SAIFI SAIDI ENS ECOST Tota Cost No. of Swtches Locatons ,554.40,696,498 3,005, , ,940,85 2,940, ,526.77,759,36,925,580 8,4,2,6,2,49,50, ,632.06,764,575,930,794 8,4,2,6,2,49,50, , ,303,629 2,469,848 9,4,2,6,2,3,49,50, ,543.02,625,078,79,297 8,4,2,5,2,49,50, ,85.7 2,60,063 2,472,774 8,4 (automated),2,6,2,49,50,5 Unts: SAIFI nterruptons/customer.year SAIDI hour/customer.year Tota Cost Baht/year ENS kwh/year Expected Outage Cost Baht/year The smuaton resuts for the fve cases are shown n Tabe. In case, the system requres 63 sectonazng (63 postons) wth a tota cost of 3,005,474 Baht. Wthout any sectonazng swtches n case 2, the tota cost s 2,940, 85 Baht. We can see that the tota costs of the two cases are not much dfferent. The nvestment cost s hgher n case but ower n case 2. The expected outage cost s ower n case but hgher n case 2. These two cases represent two extremes from the utty s and customers pont of vew; to be precse, the customers are served wth a very good eectrc suppy n case whereas case 2 woud be favored by the utty. Nevertheess, there exsts the optmum baance between the two cases. Such a baance can be found n case 3, where 8 sectonazng swtches at ocatons, 4, 2, 6, 2, 49, 50, 5 (see Fg. 4.) are requred wth a tota cost of,925,580 Baht. Note that the frst three cases have the same SAIFI because sectonazng swtches have nothng to do wth system faure frequency but they do affect SAIDI and ENS. If the fuses n the atera are consdered 90 % reabe as n case 4, ts SAIFI, SAIDI, ENS, ECOST and tota cost are ncreased, compared wth those of case 3. The number and ocatons of sectonazng swtches reman, however, unchanged. If the seven step oad mode are apped to each oad pont for case 5, 9 sectonazng swtches n tota shoud be nstaed, namey one addtona swtch s needed at ocaton IMPACT OF AUTOMATED DEVICES It s seen from the case study that suppy restoraton becomes cruca for reabty mprovement. In the other words, the sooner the restoraton tme, the better the system reabty. Fast restoraton can be acheved by automated devces, whch can be remotey actvated (mnute or ess) after a faut has occurred. The mpact of automated devces w be demonstrated by two more cases, case 6 and case 7, that are an extenson from case 3 of the case study n secton 7. Case 6 s the same as case 3 except that the normay open swtch, by whch the oad can be transferred from KWA0 to KWA06 and vce versa, has a swtchng tme of mnute (0.067 hour). The smuaton resut s shown n Tabe. The dfference between the resuts of the two cases s that the swtch at ocaton 6 n case 3 s moved to ocaton 5 n case 6. Athough the optma patterns of sectonazng swtches for both cases are smar, the tota cost of case 6 s sgnfcanty reduced, many because of a decrease n the ECOST. In the case study, sectonazng swtches consdered so far are manuay operated. In fact, system reabty can be further mproved by automated sectonazng swtches. Most dstrbuton systems ether have ony manuay operated devces (no automated devces) or are partay automated wth a combnaton of manua and automated devces. A system wth parta automaton can be two-stage upstream and downstream restoratons as shown n Fgs. 4 and 5, respectvey [9]. In Fg. 4, the breaker w cear the faut. The automated swtch s opened aowng secton A to be qucky restored and the manua sectonazng swtch w ater be opened to restore the customers on secton B. In case of downstream restoraton n Fg. 5, after the faut s ceared, the automated swtch n the downstream path mmedatey pror to secton A w be opened, aowng secton A to be supped from a normay open pont (n.o.). Secton B remans wthout power unt the frst manua sectonazng swtch s opened and the normay open pont n the downstream path (n.o.2) s cosed. If automated sectonazng swtches become a canddate n case 3 of the case study wth a swtchng tme of mnute and an nvestment cost of 400,000 Baht (.e., twce the cost of the manuay operated swtch), no sectonazng swtch s requred. However, f we suppose that the oad at LP were ncreased from MW to 4 MW, 8 sectonazng swtches woud be requred as ndcated n case 7 of Tabe. It can be observed from the resuts that the system shoud repace the swtch of manua type n case 3 at ocaton 4 wth that of automaton type n case 7. Ths repacement s reasonabe because the oad at LP s so hgh enough that fast servce restoraton can hep t reduce the customer nterrupton cost. Therefore, t s worth nvestng the automated sectonazng swtch. Note from the resuts of cases 3 to 7 that many of the swtches are nstaed at common ocatons. To be 25
6 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) 2-28 precse, a sectonazng swtch s nstaed at or near a man feeder. Ths s ogca because the swtch can cover severa sectons of the feeder and ateras downstream to the swtch, and therefore t can soate any fauts that may occur on those sectons. Frst automated sectonazng pont Upstream Swtch Secton A Secton B Faut Frst manua sectonazng pont Fg. 4. Two-Stage Upstream Restoraton. Secton B Faut Frst manua sectonazng pont n.o. Frst automated sectonazng pont [2] Wnston, W. and Veataramanan, M.A Introducton to Mathematca Programmng. Caforna: Thomson. [3] Zbgnew, M Genetc Agorthm + Data Structhms = Evouton Programs. New York: Sprnger. [4] Bnton, R Reabty Evauaton of Power Systems. London Engand: Ptman. [5] Energy Pocy and Pannng Offce, Mnstry of Energy, 200. Thaand. [6] Aravndhababu, P., Ganapathy, S. and Nayar, K.R A Nove Technque for the Anayss of Rada Dstrbuton Systems. Eectrca Power & Energy System, 23: [7] Provnca Eectrcty Authorty Thaand. [8] Goe, L. and Bnton, R. 99. Procedure for Evauatng Interrupted Energy Assessment Rates n an Overa Eectrc Power System. IEEE Trans. Power Systems, 6(4): [9] Brown, R.E. and Hanson, A.P Impact of Two-Stage Servce Restoraton on Dstrbuton Reabty, IEEE Trans. Power Systems, 6(4): n.o.2 Secton A KWA 06 KWA 0 Fg. 5. Two-Stage Downstream Restoraton. 9. CONCLUSION The optma pacement of sectonazng swtches n a rada dstrbuton system has been presented. The obectve functon s to mnmze the sum of nvestment cost, mantenance cost and customer outage cost, subect to ne current and bus votage mts. The frst two costs depend drecty upon the number of nstaed sectonazng swtches that are determned from agorthm. The ast cost s obtaned from reabty cost and worth anayss. A dstrbuton oad fow agorthm s deveoped based on a constant sparse upper trange matrx to cacuate ne current and oad-pont votages used to penaze popuatons that voate the constrants of ne current and bus votage mts n the optmzaton probem. A case study on a dstrbuton network of the PEA system reveas that methodoogy provdes an optmum decson between economc and reabty consderaton. The mpact of fast servce restoraton from the automated normay open swtch and the automated sectonazng swtch s aso nvestgated. REFERENCES [] Bnton, R. and Jonnavthua, S Optma Swtchng Devce Pacement n Rada Dstrbuton Systems. IEEE Trans. Power Systems, (3): LP LP LP3 LP8 LP LP9 LP 0 LP LP LP 6 LP 9 LP LP LP5 LP6 LP7 LP 2 48 LP 8 LP LP2 LP3 LP4 LP5 LP LP 3 LP 4 Crcut Breaker Normay Open Swtch Sectonazng Swtch Fg. 6. Optma Pacement of Sectonazng Swtches n Test System. 26
7 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) 2-28 APPENDIX Tabe A. Customer Data of Feeder KWA0 Load Pont Number of Customer Type Demand (MW) Average LP Large Busness LP LP2 Large Busness LP2 LP3 Medum Busness LP3 LP4 Medum Busness LP4 LP5 Medum Busness LP5 LP6 Medum Busness LP6 Tabe A2. Customer Data of Feeder KWA0 Load Pont Number of Customer Type Demand (MW) Average Maxmum LP Large Busness LP LP2 05 Resdence LP2 LP3 3 Resdence LP3 LP4 Medum Busness LP4 LP5 3 Resdence LP5 LP6 3 Resdence LP6 LP7 2 Resdence LP7 LP8 Government LP8 LP9 2 Resdence LP9 LP0 Sma Busness LP0 LP Medum Busness LP LP2 3 Resdence LP2 LP3 84 Resdence LP3 LP4 Medum Busness LP4 LP5 Medum Busness LP5 LP6 Government LP6 LP7 Government LP7 LP8 Government LP8 LP9 2 Resdence LP9 LP20 Government LP20 Tabe A3. Reabty Data of Feeder KWA0 and KWA06 Component r s where = faure rate Transformers r = repar tme (hour) Lnes s = swtchng tme (hour) 27
8 K. Kneam and S. Srsumrannuku / GMSARN Internatona Journa 2 (2008) 2-28 KWA 06 KWA LP LP2 LP LP 9 6 LP4 LP5 LP6 LP LP3 LP5 LP5 LP6 LP7 LP8 4 LP LP9 LP 0 LP LP 3 LP 4 LP LP 6 LP 7 LP 8 LP 9 Crcut Breaker Normay Open Swtch 28 LP 20 Fg. A. Feeder KWA0 and KWA06. Tabe A4. Type and Length of Feeder KWA0 Secton Length (km) Type.0760 SAC SAC SAC SAC SAC SAC SAC SAC SAC 85 Tabe A5. Type and Length of Feeder KWA06 Secton Length (km) Type SAC SAC SAC SAC SAC ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR ACSR 50 28
Radial distribution systems reconfiguration considering power losses cost and damage cost due to power supply interruption of consumers
nternatona Journa on Eectrca Engneerng and nformatcs Voume 5, Number 3, September 2013 Rada dstrbuton systems reconfguraton consderng power osses cost and damage cost due to power suppy nterrupton of consumers
More informationJournal of Applied Science and Agriculture, 9(4) April 2014, Pages: Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture
Journa of Apped cence and Agrcuture 9(4) Apr 204 ages: 404-44 AENI Journas Journa of Apped cence and Agrcuture IN 86-92 Journa home page: www.aensweb.com/jasa/ndex.htm Optma Expanson annng of Dstrbuton
More informationA Data-Driven Robustness Algorithm for the Internet of Things in Smart Cities
Emergng Trends, Issues, and Chaenges n Bg Data and Its Impementaton toward Future Smart Ctes A Data-Drven Robustness Agorthm for the Internet of Thngs n Smart Ctes Te Qu, Je Lu, Wesheng S, Mn Han, Huansheng
More informationMulti-Source Power System LFC Using the Fractional Order PID Controller Based on SSO Algorithm Including Redox Flow Batteries and SMES
Int' Conf. Artfca Integence ICAI'6 Mut-Source Power System LFC Usng the Fractona Order PID Controer Based on SSO Agorthm Incudng Redox Fow Batteres and SMES H.A. Shayanfar * Department of Eec. Engneerng
More informationPRACTICAL, COMPUTATION EFFICIENT HIGH-ORDER NEURAL NETWORK FOR ROTATION AND SHIFT INVARIANT PATTERN RECOGNITION. Evgeny Artyomov and Orly Yadid-Pecht
68 Internatonal Journal "Informaton Theores & Applcatons" Vol.11 PRACTICAL, COMPUTATION EFFICIENT HIGH-ORDER NEURAL NETWORK FOR ROTATION AND SHIFT INVARIANT PATTERN RECOGNITION Evgeny Artyomov and Orly
More informationA Comparison of Two Equivalent Real Formulations for Complex-Valued Linear Systems Part 2: Results
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH VOL. 1 NO. () A Comparson of Two Equvalent Real Formulatons for Complex-Valued Lnear Systems Part : Results Abnta Munankarmy and Mchael A. Heroux Department of
More informationMulti-objective Transmission Planning Paper
Downoaded from orbt.dtu.dk on: Nov, 8 Mut-objectve Transmsson Pannng Paper Xu, Zhao; Dong, Zhao Yang; Wong, Kt Po; an, Zhun Pubshed n: APPEEC9 Lnk to artce, DOI:.9/APPEEC.9.49859 Pubcaton date: 9 Document
More informationA Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Scheme Based on Trust and Fuzzy Logic for Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks
IJCSI Internatona Journa of Computer Scence Issues, Vo., Issue, No, January 23 ISSN (Prnt: 694-784 ISSN (Onne: 694-84 www.ijcsi.org 275 A Cooperatve Spectrum Sensng Scheme Based on Trust and Fuzzy Logc
More informationElectricity Network Reliability Optimization
Electrcty Network Relablty Optmzaton Kavnesh Sngh Department of Engneerng Scence Unversty of Auckland New Zealand kav@hug.co.nz Abstract Electrcty dstrbuton networks are subject to random faults. On occurrence
More informationDynamic Optimization. Assignment 1. Sasanka Nagavalli January 29, 2013 Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University
Dynamc Optmzaton Assgnment 1 Sasanka Nagavall snagaval@andrew.cmu.edu 16-745 January 29, 213 Robotcs Insttute Carnege Mellon Unversty Table of Contents 1. Problem and Approach... 1 2. Optmzaton wthout
More informationA NSGA-II algorithm to solve a bi-objective optimization of the redundancy allocation problem for series-parallel systems
0 nd Internatonal Conference on Industral Technology and Management (ICITM 0) IPCSIT vol. 49 (0) (0) IACSIT Press, Sngapore DOI: 0.776/IPCSIT.0.V49.8 A NSGA-II algorthm to solve a b-obectve optmzaton of
More informationTo: Professor Avitabile Date: February 4, 2003 From: Mechanical Student Subject: Experiment #1 Numerical Methods Using Excel
To: Professor Avtable Date: February 4, 3 From: Mechancal Student Subject:.3 Experment # Numercal Methods Usng Excel Introducton Mcrosoft Excel s a spreadsheet program that can be used for data analyss,
More informationA MODIFIED DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM IN SPARSE LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAY SYNTHESIS
A MODIFIED DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALORITHM IN SPARSE LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAY SYNTHESIS Kaml Dmller Department of Electrcal-Electroncs Engneerng rne Amercan Unversty North Cyprus, Mersn TURKEY kdmller@gau.edu.tr
More informationLS-SVM Based WSN Location Algorithm in NLOS Environments
06 6 th Internatona Conference on Informaton echnoogy for Manufacturng Systems (IMS 06 ISB: 978--60595-353-3 LS-SVM Based WS Locaton Agorthm n LOS Envronments Hongyan Zhang, Zheng Lu, Bwen Wang Unversty
More informationDefinition of level and attenuation in telephone networks
Defnton of eve and attenuaton n teephone networks o The purpose: defnton of the measurement unts used for sgna eve and crcut gan/attenuaton n teephony; defnton of the reference ponts empoyed n teephone
More informationSimultaneous Reconfiguration with DG Placement using Bit-Shift Operator Based TLBO
Smultaneous Reconfguraton wth Placement usng Bt-Shft Operator Based TLBO Ayan Ghosh, *Deepak Kumar EEE Department B.I.T Mesra, Ranch Jharkhand, Inda *deepakmek9@gmal.com S. R. Samantaray School of Electrcal
More informationCooperative Wireless Multicast: Performance Analysis and Power/Location Optimization
88 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 9, NO. 6, JUNE Cooperatve Wreess Mutcast: Performance Anayss and Power/Locaton Optmzaton H. Vcky Zhao, Member, IEEE, and Wefeng Su, Member, IEEE Abstract
More informationOptimal Allocation of Static VAr Compensator for Active Power Loss Reduction by Different Decision Variables
S. Aucharyamet and S. Srsumrannukul / GMSARN Internatonal Journal 4 (2010) 57-66 Optmal Allocaton of Statc VAr Compensator for Actve Power oss Reducton by Dfferent Decson Varables S. Aucharyamet and S.
More informationSaidi minimization of a remote distribution feeder
Unversty of Wollongong Research nlne Faculty of Informatcs - Papers (Archve) Faculty of Engneerng and Informaton Scences 2007 Sad mnmzaton of a remote dstrbuton feeder Ka Zou Unversty of Wollongong, kz965@uow.edu.au
More informationA Genetic Algorithm Based Multi Objective Service Restoration in Distribution Systems
Journal of Computer Scence 7 (3): 448-453, 2011 ISSN 1549-3636 2011 Scence Publcatons A Genetc Algorthm Based Mult Objectve Servce Restoraton n Dstrbuton Systems Sathsh Kumar Kannaah, Jayabarath Thangavel
More informationYutaka Matsuo and Akihiko Yokoyama. Department of Electrical Engineering, University oftokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Optmzaton of Installaton of FACTS Devce n Power System Plannng by both Tabu Search and Nonlnear Programmng Methods Yutaka Matsuo and Akhko Yokoyama Department of Electrcal Engneerng, Unversty oftokyo 7-3-,
More informationNetwork Reconfiguration for Load Balancing in Distribution System with Distributed Generation and Capacitor Placement
World Academy of Scence, Engneerng and Technology nternatonal Journal of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng Networ Reconfguraton for Load Balancng n Dstrbuton System wth Dstrbuted Generaton and Capactor
More informationNeuro-Fuzzy Network for Adaptive Channel Equalization
Neuro-Fuzzy Network for Adaptve Channe Equazaton Rahb H.Abyev 1, Tayseer A-shanabeh 1 Near East Unversty, Department of Computer Engneerng, P.O. Box 670, Lefkosa, TRNC, Mersn-10, Turkey rahb@neu.edu.tr
More informationThe Effect Of Phase-Shifting Transformer On Total Consumers Payments
Australan Journal of Basc and Appled Scences 5(: 854-85 0 ISSN -88 The Effect Of Phase-Shftng Transformer On Total Consumers Payments R. Jahan Mostafa Nck 3 H. Chahkand Nejad Islamc Azad Unversty Brjand
More informationPower loss and Reliability optimization in Distribution System with Network Reconfiguration and Capacitor placement
Internatonal Journal of Scentfc Research Engneerng & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882 692 Power loss and Relablty optmzaton n Dstrbuton System wth Network Reconfguraton and Capactor placement A.Manasa
More informationA Non-cooperative Game Theoretic Approach for Multi-cell OFDM Power Allocation Ali Elyasi Gorji 1, Bahman Abolhassani 2 and Kiamars Honardar 3 +
29 Internatona Symposum on Computng, Communcaton, and Contro (ISCCC 29 Proc.of CSIT vo. (2 (2 IACSIT Press, Sngapore A Non-cooperatve Game Theoretc Approach for Mut-ce OFDM Power Aocaton A Eyas Gorj, Bahman
More informationMultiarea Transmission Cost Allocation in Large Power Systems Using the Nodal Pricing Control Approach
Mutarea Transmsson Cost Aocaton n Lare Power Systems Usn the Noda Prcn Contro Approach Downoaded from jeee.ust.ac.r at 23:42 IRST on Frday September 2st 28 M. Ghayen and R. Ghaz Abstract: Ths paper proposes
More informationNetwork Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems Using a Modified TS Algorithm
Network Reconfguraton n Dstrbuton Systems Usng a Modfed TS Algorthm ZHANG DONG,FU ZHENGCAI,ZHANG LIUCHUN,SONG ZHENGQIANG School of Electroncs, Informaton and Electrcal Engneerng Shangha Jaotong Unversty
More informationDISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS RELIABILITY ANALYSIS PACKAGE USING MATLAB GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
Internatonal Journal on Techncal and Physcal Problems of Engneerng (IJTPE) Publshed by Internatonal Organzaton of IOTPE ISSN 2077-3528 IJTPE Journal www.otpe.com jtpe@otpe.com March 2012 Issue 10 Volume
More informationOptimal Phase Arrangement of Distribution Feeders Using Immune Algorithm
The 4th Internatonal Conference on Intellgent System Applcatons to Power Systems, ISAP 2007 Optmal Phase Arrangement of Dstrbuton Feeders Usng Immune Algorthm C.H. Ln, C.S. Chen, M.Y. Huang, H.J. Chuang,
More informationFACTS Devices Allocation Using a Novel Dedicated Improved PSO for Optimal Operation of Power System
Journal of Operaton and Automaton n Power Engneerng Vol. 1, No., Summer & Fall 013, Pages: 14-135 http://journals.uma.ac.r/joape FACTS Devces Allocaton Usng a Novel Dedcated Improved PSO for Optmal Operaton
More informationDynamic Modeling and Resilience for Power Distribution
Dynamc Modeng and Resence for Power Dstrbuton Yun We and Chuany J Schoo of Eectrca and Computer Engneerng Georga Insttute of Technoogy Atanta, Georga 3332 25 Ema: yunwe@gatech.edu jchuany@gatech.edu Foyd
More informationMONTE CARLO SIMULATION MODELS OF EARLY KEY GENETIC SYSTEMS
MONTE CALO SIMULATION MODELS OF EALY KEY GENETIC SYSTEMS Eas Zntzaras, Mauro Santos 2 and Eörs Szathmáry Bomathematcs Unt, Medca Schoo, Unversty of Thessay, 22 Papayraz Str., 422 Larsa, Greece and Natona
More informationTECHNICAL NOTE TERMINATION FOR POINT- TO-POINT SYSTEMS TN TERMINATON FOR POINT-TO-POINT SYSTEMS. Zo = L C. ω - angular frequency = 2πf
TECHNICAL NOTE TERMINATION FOR POINT- TO-POINT SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION Because dgtal sgnal rates n computng systems are ncreasng at an astonshng rate, sgnal ntegrty ssues have become far more mportant to
More informationEquivalent Line Limit Calculation Using Available Thermal Transfer Capability
Equvaent Lne Lmt Cacuaton Usng vaabe herma ransfer Capabty Wonhyeok Jang Department of Eectrca and Computer Engneerng Unversty of Inos at Urbana-Champagn Urbana, Champagn County jang7@nos.edu homas J.
More informationHigh Speed ADC Sampling Transients
Hgh Speed ADC Samplng Transents Doug Stuetzle Hgh speed analog to dgtal converters (ADCs) are, at the analog sgnal nterface, track and hold devces. As such, they nclude samplng capactors and samplng swtches.
More informationOptimal and water-filling Algorithm approach for power Allocation in OFDM Based Cognitive Radio System
Internatona Journa of Engneerng Research and Technoogy. ISS 0974-3154 Voume 10, umber 1 (017) Internatona Research Pubcaton House http://www.rphouse.com Optma and water-fng Agorthm approach for power Aocaton
More informationOptimum Allocation of Distributed Generations Based on Evolutionary Programming for Loss Reduction and Voltage Profile Correction
ISSN : 0976-8491(Onlne) ISSN : 2229-4333(rnt) Optmum Allocaton of Dstrbuted Generatons Based on Evolutonary rogrammng for Reducton and Voltage rofle Correcton 1 Mohammad Saleh Male, 2 Soodabeh Soleyman
More informationEvaluation of Kolmogorov - Smirnov Test and Energy Detector Techniques for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Real Channel Conditions
Tefor Journa Vo. 7 No. 05. 3 Evauaton of Komogorov - Smrnov Test and Energy Detector Technques for Cooperatve Spectrum Sensng n Rea Channe Condtons Deman Lekomtcev Student ember IEEE and Roman arsaek ember
More informationLow-Complexity Factor Graph Receivers for Spectrally Efficient MIMO-IDMA
Low-Compexty Factor Graph Recevers for Spectray Effcent MIMO-IDMA Cemens Nova, Franz Hawatsch, and Gerad Matz Insttute of Communcatons and Rado-Frequency Engneerng, Venna Unversty of Technoogy Gusshausstrasse
More informationECE315 / ECE515 Lecture 5 Date:
Lecture 5 Date: 18.08.2016 Common Source Amplfer MOSFET Amplfer Dstorton Example 1 One Realstc CS Amplfer Crcut: C c1 : Couplng Capactor serves as perfect short crcut at all sgnal frequences whle blockng
More informationOptimized Forwarding for Wireless Sensor Networks by Fuzzy Inference System
Optmzed Forwardng for Wreess Sensor Networs by Fuzzy Inference System Mohammad Abdu Azm and Abbas Jamapour Schoo of Eectrca and Informaton Engneerng The Unversty of Sydney, NSW 6, Austraa {azm, abbas}@ee.usyd.edu.au
More informationA ph mesh refinement method for optimal control
OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS AND METHODS Optm. Contro App. Meth. (204) Pubshed onne n Wey Onne Lbrary (weyonnebrary.com)..24 A ph mesh refnement method for optma contro Mchae A. Patterson, Wam W. Hager
More informationIntegrity Data Attacks in Power Market Operations
1 Integrty Data Attacks n Power Market Operatons Le Xe, Member, IEEE, Yn Mo, Student Member, IEEE, Bruno Snopo, Member, IEEE Abstract We study the economc mpact of a potenta cass of ntegrty cyber attacks,
More informationSystematic Approach for Scheduling of Tasks and Messages under Noise Environment
Systematc Approach for Schedung of asks and Messages under Nose nvronment Hyoung Yuk KIM Hye Mn SHIN and Hong Seong PARK Dept of ectrca and omputer ng Kangwon Natona Unversty 9- Hyoja Dong huncheon 00-70
More information29. Network Functions for Circuits Containing Op Amps
9. Network Functons for Crcuts Contanng Op Amps Introducton Each of the crcuts n ths problem set contans at least one op amp. Also each crcut s represented by a gven network functon. These problems can
More informationHigh Speed, Low Power And Area Efficient Carry-Select Adder
Internatonal Journal of Scence, Engneerng and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 5, Issue 3, March 2016 Hgh Speed, Low Power And Area Effcent Carry-Select Adder Nelant Harsh M.tech.VLSI Desgn Electroncs
More informationPerformance Analysis of an Enhanced DQRUMA/MC-CDMA Protocol with an LPRA Scheme for Voice Traffic
Performance Anayss of an Enhanced DQRUA/C-CDA Protoco wth an LPRA Scheme for Voce Traffc Jae Yoon Park Korea Teecom R&D Group, Woomyun-dong 17, Seou, 137-792, Korea Seung Yeob Nam Dept. of EECS, KAIST,
More informationDigital Transmission
Dgtal Transmsson Most modern communcaton systems are dgtal, meanng that the transmtted normaton sgnal carres bts and symbols rather than an analog sgnal. The eect o C/N rato ncrease or decrease on dgtal
More informationMTBF PREDICTION REPORT
MTBF PREDICTION REPORT PRODUCT NAME: BLE112-A-V2 Issued date: 01-23-2015 Rev:1.0 Copyrght@2015 Bluegga Technologes. All rghts reserved. 1 MTBF PREDICTION REPORT... 1 PRODUCT NAME: BLE112-A-V2... 1 1.0
More informationThe Qualiflex Method For The Insurance Company Selection Problem
European Scentfc Journa August 2016 /SPECIAL/ edton ISSN: 1857 7881 (Prnt) e - ISSN 1857-7431 The Quafe Method For The Insurance Company Seecton Probem Ayşegü Tuş Işk, PhD Esra Aytaç Ada, PhD Pamukkae
More informationaperture David Makovoz, 30/01/2006 Version 1.0 Table of Contents
aperture 1 aperture Davd Makovoz, 30/01/2006 Verson 1.0 Table of Contents aperture... 1 1 Overvew... 2 1.1 Input Image Requrements... 2 2 aperture... 2 2.1 Input... 2 2.2 Processng... 4 2.3 Output Table...
More informationA Multi-standard Efficient Column-layered LDPC Decoder for Software Defined Radio on GPUs
203 IEEE 4th Workshop on Sgna Processng Advances n Wreess Communcatons (SPAWC) A Mut-standard Effcent Coumn-ayered LDPC Decoder for Software Defned Rado on GPUs Rongchun L, Je Zhou, Yong Dou, Song Guo,
More informationLMS Beamforming Using Pre and Post-FFT Processing for OFDM Communication Systems
B LMS Beamformng Usng Pre and Post-FFT Processng for OFDM Communcaton Systems Mohamed S. Heae (), Mohab A. Mangoud () and Sad Enoub (3) () Teecomm Egypt Co., Aexandra Sector, e-ma: m.shory@yahoo.com ()
More information986 IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 33, NO. 5, MAY 2015
986 IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 33, NO. 5, MAY 2015 Bayesan Herarchca Mechansm Desgn for Cogntve Rado Networks Yong Xao, Member, IEEE, Zhu Han, Feow, IEEE, Kwang-Cheng Chen,
More informationOptimal Placement of PMU and RTU by Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing for Multiarea Power System State Estimation
T. Kerdchuen and W. Ongsakul / GMSARN Internatonal Journal (09) - Optmal Placement of and by Hybrd Genetc Algorthm and Smulated Annealng for Multarea Power System State Estmaton Thawatch Kerdchuen and
More informationMODEL ORDER REDUCTION AND CONTROLLER DESIGN OF DISCRETE SYSTEM EMPLOYING REAL CODED GENETIC ALGORITHM J. S. Yadav, N. P. Patidar, J.
ABSTRACT Research Artcle MODEL ORDER REDUCTION AND CONTROLLER DESIGN OF DISCRETE SYSTEM EMPLOYING REAL CODED GENETIC ALGORITHM J. S. Yadav, N. P. Patdar, J. Sngha Address for Correspondence Maulana Azad
More informationRejection of PSK Interference in DS-SS/PSK System Using Adaptive Transversal Filter with Conditional Response Recalculation
SERBIAN JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Vol., No., November 23, 3-9 Rejecton of PSK Interference n DS-SS/PSK System Usng Adaptve Transversal Flter wth Condtonal Response Recalculaton Zorca Nkolć, Bojan
More informationA Mathematical Model for Restoration Problem in Smart Grids Incorporating Load Shedding Concept
J. Appl. Envron. Bol. Sc., 5(1)20-27, 2015 2015, TextRoad Publcaton ISSN: 2090-4274 Journal of Appled Envronmental and Bologcal Scences www.textroad.com A Mathematcal Model for Restoraton Problem n Smart
More informationAllocation of capacitor banks in distribution systems using multi-objective function
Vol. 8(27), pp. 1282-1288, 18 July, 2013 DOI 10.5897/SRE2013.5554 ISSN 1992-2248 2013 Academc Journals http://www.academcjournals.org/sre Scentfc Research and Essays Full Length Research aper Allocaton
More informationCustomer witness testing guide
Customer wtness testng gude Ths gude s amed at explanng why we need to wtness test equpment whch s beng connected to our network, what we actually do when we complete ths testng, and what you can do to
More informationLearning Ensembles of Convolutional Neural Networks
Learnng Ensembles of Convolutonal Neural Networks Lran Chen The Unversty of Chcago Faculty Mentor: Greg Shakhnarovch Toyota Technologcal Insttute at Chcago 1 Introducton Convolutonal Neural Networks (CNN)
More informationAPPLICATION OF FUZZY MULTI-OBJECTIVE METHOD FOR DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RECONFIGURATION WITH INTEGRATION OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
Journal of Theoretcal and Appled Informaton Technology 2005 ongong JATIT & LLS ISSN: 1992-8645 www.jatt.org E-ISSN: 1817-3195 APPLICATION OF FUZZY MULTI-OBJECTIVE METHOD FOR DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RECONFIGURATION
More informationPassive Filters. References: Barbow (pp ), Hayes & Horowitz (pp 32-60), Rizzoni (Chap. 6)
Passve Flters eferences: Barbow (pp 6575), Hayes & Horowtz (pp 360), zzon (Chap. 6) Frequencyselectve or flter crcuts pass to the output only those nput sgnals that are n a desred range of frequences (called
More informationAdaptive Modulation for Multiple Antenna Channels
Adaptve Modulaton for Multple Antenna Channels June Chul Roh and Bhaskar D. Rao Department of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng Unversty of Calforna, San Dego La Jolla, CA 993-7 E-mal: jroh@ece.ucsd.edu,
More informationLow Switching Frequency Active Harmonic Elimination in Multilevel Converters with Unequal DC Voltages
Low Swtchng Frequency Actve Harmonc Elmnaton n Multlevel Converters wth Unequal DC Voltages Zhong Du,, Leon M. Tolbert, John N. Chasson, Hu L The Unversty of Tennessee Electrcal and Computer Engneerng
More informationLMP Based Zone Formation in Electricity Markets
8th WSEAS Internatonal Conference on POWER SYSTEMS (PS 2008), Santander, Cantabra, Span, September 23-25, 2008 LMP Based Zone Formaton n Electrcty Markets SAURABH CHANANA, ASHWANI KUMAR, RAHUL SRIVASTAVA
More informationAllocation of optimal distributed generation using GA for minimum system losses in radial distribution networks
MultCraft Internatonal Journal of Engneerng, Scence and Technology Vol., No. 3, 010, pp. 94-106 INTERNATIONA JOURNA OF ENGINEERING, SCIENCE AND TECHNOOGY www.est-ng.com 010 MultCraft mted. All rghts reserved
More informationA novel approach for analog circuit incipient fault diagnosis by using kernel entropy component analysis as a preprocessor
WSEAS RANSACIONS on CIRCUIS and SYSEMS A nove approach for anaog crcut ncpent faut dagnoss by usng kerne entropy component anayss as a preprocessor CHAO-LONG ZHANG Schoo of Physcs and Eectronc Engneerng
More informationUncertainty in measurements of power and energy on power networks
Uncertanty n measurements of power and energy on power networks E. Manov, N. Kolev Department of Measurement and Instrumentaton, Techncal Unversty Sofa, bul. Klment Ohrdsk No8, bl., 000 Sofa, Bulgara Tel./fax:
More informationThe Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Competitive Price Game
8 Y. B. LI, R. YAG, Y. LI, F. YE, THE SPECTRUM SHARIG I COGITIVE RADIO ETWORKS BASED O COMPETITIVE The Spectrum Sharng n Cogntve Rado etworks Based on Compettve Prce Game Y-bng LI, Ru YAG., Yun LI, Fang
More informationNetwork Reconfiguration of Distribution System Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
World Academy of Scence, Engneerng and Technology Internatonal Journal of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng ol:8, No:, 014 Network Reconfguraton of Dstrbuton System Usng Artfcal Bee Colony Algorthm S. Ganesh
More informationACTIVE CONTROL ANALYSIS OF MINING VEHICLE CABIN NOISE USING FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING
ACTIVE CONTROL ANALYSIS OF MINING VEHICLE CABIN NOISE USING FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING D.A. Stanef, C.H. Hansen and R.C. Morgans Actve Nose and Vbraton Contro Group, Department of Mechanca Engneerng, The
More informationCalculation of the received voltage due to the radiation from multiple co-frequency sources
Rec. ITU-R SM.1271-0 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SM.1271-0 * EFFICIENT SPECTRUM UTILIZATION USING PROBABILISTIC METHODS Rec. ITU-R SM.1271 (1997) The ITU Radocommuncaton Assembly, consderng a) that communcatons
More informationNATIONAL RADIO ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY Green Bank, West Virginia SPECTRAL PROCESSOR MEMO NO. 25. MEMORANDUM February 13, 1985
NATONAL RADO ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY Green Bank, West Vrgna SPECTRAL PROCESSOR MEMO NO. 25 MEMORANDUM February 13, 1985 To: Spectral Processor Group From: R. Fsher Subj: Some Experments wth an nteger FFT
More informationEvolutionary Programming for Reactive Power Planning Using FACTS Devices
Bplab Bhattacharyya, kash Kumar Gupta,. Das Evolutonary Programmng for Reactve Power Plannng Usng Devces BIPLAB BHATTACHARYYA *, IKAH KUMAR GUPTA 2 AND.DA 3, 2, 3 Department of Electrcal Engneerng, Indan
More informationAn Efficient Metaheuristic Algorithm for Optimal Capacitor Allocation in Electric Distribution Networks
2017 2nd Internatonal Conference on Software, Multmeda and Communcaton Engneerng (SMCE 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-458-5 An Effcent Metaheurstc Algorthm for Optmal Capactor Allocaton n Electrc Dstrbuton Networks
More informationXXVIII. MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION NETWORKS FOR INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
XXVIII. MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION NETWORKS FOR INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Atpong Surya Department of Electrcal and Electroncs Engneerng Ubonratchathan Unversty, Thaland, 34190
More information熊本大学学術リポジトリ. Kumamoto University Repositor
熊本大学学術リポジトリ Kumamoto Unversty Repostor Ttle Wreless LAN Based Indoor Poston and Its Smulaton Author(s) Ktasuka, Teruak; Nakansh, Tsune CtatonIEEE Pacfc RIM Conference on Comm Computers, and Sgnal Processng
More informationRecurrent Neural Network Based Fuzzy Inference System for Identification and Control of Dynamic Plants
Word Academy of Scence, Engneerng and Technoogy Internatona Journa of Computer and Informaton Engneerng Vo, No7, 007 Recurrent Neura Network Based Fuzzy Inference System for Identfcaton and Contro of Dynamc
More informationANNUAL OF NAVIGATION 11/2006
ANNUAL OF NAVIGATION 11/2006 TOMASZ PRACZYK Naval Unversty of Gdyna A FEEDFORWARD LINEAR NEURAL NETWORK WITH HEBBA SELFORGANIZATION IN RADAR IMAGE COMPRESSION ABSTRACT The artcle presents the applcaton
More informationOptimal Network Reconfiguration with Distributed Generation Using NSGA II Algorithm
(IJARAI) Internatonal Journal of Advanced Research n Artfcal Intellgence, Optmal Network Reconfguraton wth Dstrbuted Generaton Usng NSGA II Algorthm Jasna Hvzefendć Faculty of Engneerng and Informaton
More informationPerformance Comparison of RS Code and Turbo Codes for Optical Communication
Internatona Journa of Eectroncs Engneerng, (), 0, pp. 5 56 Seras Pubcatons, ISSN : 097-78 Performance Comparson of RS Code and Turbo Codes for Optca Communcaton Reena Tyag, Puneet Chandra Srvastava, Mahendra
More informationDesign of Shunt Active Filter for Harmonic Compensation in a 3 Phase 3 Wire Distribution Network
Internatonal Journal of Research n Electrcal & Electroncs Engneerng olume 1, Issue 1, July-September, 2013, pp. 85-92, IASTER 2013 www.aster.com, Onlne: 2347-5439, Prnt: 2348-0025 Desgn of Shunt Actve
More informationUser Based Resource Scheduling for Heterogeneous Traffic in the Downlink of OFDM Systems
G. Indumath S. Vjayaran K. Murugesan User Based Resource Schedung for Heterogeneous Traffc n the Downn of OFDM Systems INDUMATHI.G VIJAYARANI.S Department of ECE Mepco Schen Engneerng Coege Svaas INDIA.
More informationAn Adaptive Over-current Protection Scheme for MV Distribution Networks Including DG
An Adaptve Over-current Protecton Scheme for MV Dstrbuton Networks Includng DG S.A.M. Javadan Islamc Azad Unversty s.a.m.javadan@gmal.com M.-R. Haghfam Tarbat Modares Unversty haghfam@modares.ac.r P. Barazandeh
More informationUnit 1. Current and Voltage U 1 VOLTAGE AND CURRENT. Circuit Basics KVL, KCL, Ohm's Law LED Outputs Buttons/Switch Inputs. Current / Voltage Analogy
..2 nt Crcut Bascs KVL, KCL, Ohm's Law LED Outputs Buttons/Swtch Inputs VOLTAGE AND CRRENT..4 Current and Voltage Current / Voltage Analogy Charge s measured n unts of Coulombs Current Amount of charge
More informationCoverage Maximization in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks Utilizing Immune Node Deployment Algorithm
CCECE 2014 1569888203 Coverage Maxmzaton n Moble Wreless Sensor Networs Utlzng Immune Node Deployment Algorthm Mohammed Abo-Zahhad, Sabah M. Ahmed and Nabl Sabor Electrcal and Electroncs Engneerng Department
More informationOptimal Choice and Allocation of FACTS Devices in Deregulated Electricity Market using Genetic Algorithms
Optmal Choce and Allocaton of FACTS Devces n Deregulated Electrcty Maret usng Genetc Algorthms L.J. Ca, Student Member IEEE, I. Erlch, Member IEEE and G.Stamtss, Member IEEE Abstract--Ths paper deals wth
More informationHarmony Search and OPF Based Hybrid Approach for Optimal Placement of Multiple DG Units
Harmony Search and OPF Based Hybrd Approach for Optmal Placement of Multple Unts Sandeep Kaur Department of Electrcal Engneerng Indan Insttute of Rooree Rooree, Inda sandpsaroa@gmal.com. B. Kumbhar Department
More informationVRT014 User s guide V0.8. Address: Saltoniškių g. 10c, Vilnius LT-08105, Phone: (370-5) , Fax: (370-5) ,
VRT014 User s gude V0.8 Thank you for purchasng our product. We hope ths user-frendly devce wll be helpful n realsng your deas and brngng comfort to your lfe. Please take few mnutes to read ths manual
More informationantenna antenna (4.139)
.6.6 The Lmts of Usable Input Levels for LNAs The sgnal voltage level delvered to the nput of an LNA from the antenna may vary n a very wde nterval, from very weak sgnals comparable to the nose level,
More informationWELDING DEFECT PATTERN RECOGNITION IN RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES OF GAS PIPELINES USING ADAPTIVE FEATURE EXTRACTION METHOD AND NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIER
23 rd Word Gas Conference, Amsterdam 2006 WELDING DEFECT PATTERN RECOGNITION IN RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES OF GAS PIPELINES USING ADAPTIVE FEATURE EXTRACTION METHOD AND NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIER Man author S.
More informationImplementation of Digital Filters in Carry-Save Residue Number System
Impementaton of Dgta Fters n Carry-Save Resdue Number System Andrea De Re, Aberto Nannare and Marco Re Department of Eectrca Engneerng Unversty of Rome "Tor Vergata" - Itay http://dspvs.unroma2.t/ Abstract
More informationPerformance Analysis of MIMO SFBC CI-COFDM System against the Nonlinear Distortion and Narrowband Interference
Performance Anayss of MIMO SFBC CI-COFDM System aganst the onnear Dstorton and arrowband Interference YSuravardhana eddy Department of ECE JTUACEAnantapur AP E-ma: suravardhana@gmacom K ama adu Department
More informationChapter 13. Filters Introduction Ideal Filter
Chapter 3 Flters 3.0 Introducton Flter s the crcut that capable o passng sgnal rom nput to output that has requency wthn a speced band and attenuatng all others outsde the band. Ths s the property o selectvty.
More informationWalsh Function Based Synthesis Method of PWM Pattern for Full-Bridge Inverter
Walsh Functon Based Synthess Method of PWM Pattern for Full-Brdge Inverter Sej Kondo and Krt Choesa Nagaoka Unversty of Technology 63-, Kamtomoka-cho, Nagaoka 9-, JAPAN Fax: +8-58-7-95, Phone: +8-58-7-957
More informationImplementation and Validation of Different Reconfiguration Strategies Between HSA and PSO for Loss Reduction
Implementaton and Valdaton of Dfferent Reconfguraton Strateges Between HSA and PSO for Loss Reducton Jamal Darusalam Gu 1, Ontoseno Penangsang 2, Rony Seto Wbowo 3 Master Student, Department of Electrcal
More informationAn Optimal Load Shedding Approach for Distribution Networks with DGs considering Capacity Deficiency Modelling of Bulked Power Supply
An Optmal Load Sheddng Approach for Dstrbuton Networks wth DGs consderng Capacty Defcency Modellng of Bulked ower Supply A. R. Malekpour, A.R. Sef, M. R. Hesamzadeh 2, Graduate Student Member, IEEE, and
More informationint rt CIC b 24 th International Conference on Electricity Distribution Glasgow, June 2017 Paper 1346
24 th Internatonal Conference on Electrcty Dstruton Glasgow, 12-15 June 2017 SIMULTAEOUS OPTIMIZATIO OF TIE SWITCHES PLACEMET AD RESERVE CAPACITY MARGI OF SUB-TRASMISSIO SUBATIOS COSIDERIG THE COFLT BETWEE
More information