Economic Solutions for Spectrum Monitoring. 2 MAR Re 08/00 1
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1 Economic Solutions for Spectrum Monitoring 2 MAR Re 08/00 1
2 Everybody needs to communicate 8SPM/Kr
3 8SPM/Kr
4 Secure and reliable communication is essential for modern society But! The frequency range available for this kind of communication is very limited 8SPM/Kr
5 The electromagnetic Spectrum... 8SPM/Kr
6 ... and the interesting part (for us) 8SPM/Kr
7 8SPM/Kr
8 Regulations and co-ordinations required in order to avoid chaos Appropriate powerful tools required 8SPM/Kr
9 The Problem: National regulatory authorities are chronically underfunded The Solution: Economic products with a reasonable price which are still fully ITU compliant 8SPM/Kr
10 Region A Region B MMS RMS MMS TMS Central Region RCS RCS RMS MMS Region C CCS RMS Region D RMS RCS MMS MMS TMS 8SPM/Kr
11 Fixed stations Sufficient space Power supply Air condition Communication Well suited for long-term monitoring Limited range 8SPM/Kr
12 Mobile stations Larger range Limited space Power supply Communication Not well suited for long-term monitoring 8SPM/Kr
13 Need for a system that is more than mobile (small and light-weight, e.g. for use on building roofs) suited for outdoor use suited for long-term measurements possibility of remote control 8SPM/Kr
14 TMSx 8SPM/Kr
15 TMSx R&S TMS 100/110 R&S TMS 200/210 R&S TMS 500 R&S TMS-C 8SPM/Kr
16 TMSx Key features Compact and cost-effective Can easily be carried by two persons Quickly ready to use because of the very short setup time Can be operated as stationary system, mobile system and remote-controlled system Designed for outdoor use 8SPM/Kr
17 R&S TMS 210 8SPM/Kr
18 Key features R&S TMS100/110: Monitoring and Direction Finding according to ITU recommendations Frequency range 10 khz (500 khz for DF) to 3000 MHz Power supply 11 to 32 V DC or 100 to 240 V AC Integrated process controller 8SPM/Kr
19 Key features R&S TMS200/210: Monitoring and Direction Finding according to ITU recommendations Frequency range 10 khz (500 khz for DF) to 3000 MHz Power supply 11 to 32 V DC or 100 to 240 V AC Optional Switch Matrix Control via Notebook 8SPM/Kr
20 R&S TMS 500 8SPM/Kr
21 Key features R&S TMS500: Reliable solution for monitoring between 1 GHz and 26,5 GHz Extendable from 26,5 GHz to 110 GHz Power supply 100 to 240 VAC Integrated GPS receiver R&S GPS129 providing precise location and reference frequency 8SPM/Kr
22 R&S TMS-C 8SPM/Kr
23 Key features R&S TMS-C: Integrated equipment for network connections in a portable rack Connections via PSTN and/or ISDN and/or GSM Power supply 100 to 240 VAC 8SPM/Kr
24 All R&S TSMx can be used - as a fixed station 8SPM/Kr
25 All R&S TSMx can be used - as a mobile station 8SPM/Kr
26 All R&S TSMx can be used - as a transportable station 8SPM/Kr
27 All R&S TSMx can be used - as an powerful outdoor tool 8SPM/Kr
28 8SPM/Kr
29 α CORRELATIVE INTERFEROMETER For each antenna element (2-9) the phase difference relative to element 1 is calculated DF Antenna 6 1 Reference channel This is done for each angle 0 to 360, step width SPM/Kr
30 α CORRELATIVE INTERFEROMETER Receivers 2 DF Processor DSP 5 DF Antenna 6 1 Reference channel 1 AF A D A, ϕ α α Memory A ref ϕ ref 8SPM/Kr
31 Correlative Interferometer Basic principle Phase differences of all antenna elements relative to a reference element are determined Results are compared with theoretical values Best correlation defines bearing Two (or more) receivers are required for simultaneous measurement of antenna elements 8SPM/Kr
32 Quadrature multiplexer (R&S patent) Antenna elements DF-Antenna 1 2 N Phase shifter RF Control IF ADC DSP I DSP II Control & Display Receiver DF Unit EBD195 8SPM/Kr
33 Quadrature multiplexer (R&S patent) s i ϕi = arctan S S 2 q2 2 q1 S S 2 q4 2 q3 phase angle to be determined s 1 q 1 s i q 2 s i s i s i s i s 1 s 1 q 3 s i s 1 s 1 q 4 s i measurement 1 measurement 2 measurement 3 measurement 4 8SPM/Kr
34 Quadrature multiplexer (R&S patent) Basic principle Replace phase measurement by amplitude measurement!!! 8SPM/Kr
35 Quadrature multiplexer (R&S patent) Basic principle Vectorial addition of reference signal and signal of one antenna element with 0 phase shift Vectorial addition of reference signal and signal of same antenna element with 90 phase shift Vectorial addition of reference signal and signal of same antenna element with 180 phase shift Vectorial addition of reference signal and signal of same antenna element with 270 phase shift 8SPM/Kr
36 Quadrature multiplexer (R&S patent) Calculate phase difference via ϕi = arctan S S 2 q2 2 q1 S S 2 q4 2 q3 Repeat calculation for all antenna elements Do standard correlation 8SPM/Kr
37 Economic Solutions for Spectrum Monitoring Monitoring System with Single Channel Direction Finder 8SPM/Kr
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