Noise in a DVB-T System
|
|
- Christal Page
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Noise in a DVB-T System John Salter Summary This note was written to clarify a simple theoretical noise model of a DVB-T system described in [Reference 1]. This model gives the system carrier-to-noise (C/N) ratio when various noise sources are included. The analysis in this Technical Note uses a more practical approach in that the effects of the channel state measurement and channel equaliser have been incorporated within the demodulator. The analysis shows that excess noise contributions must be kept very low. BBC R&D 1
2 Noise in a DVB-T System John Salter Introduction This note was written to clarify a simple theoretical noise model of a DVB-T system described in [Reference 1]. This model gives the system carrier-to-noise (C/N) ratio when various noise sources are included. The analysis in this Technical Note uses a more practical approach in that the effects of the channel state measurement and channel equaliser have been incorporated within the demodulator. This demodulator is called a practical demodulator, and is defined in Appendix 1. The new model is used to determine the relationship between loss of noise-margin and the total excess noise contribution. It shows that the loss of noise-margin is greatly affected by the different carrier-to-noise requirements between those of a Gaussian channel and those of a difficult channel. Because of this dependence excess noise contributions must be kept very low. Noise Model The mathematical symbols used throughout this paper are defined in Appendix 1. The noise model has two stages as shown in Figure 1. Stage 1 represents degradations which are dependent upon carrier level such as receiver noise figure. Stage 2 represents degradations which are independent of carrier level such as: the intercarrier interference component of phase noise, ADC quantising noise and transmitter intermodulation products. Some degradations are best expressed in terms of noise figure, whilst for others it is more convenient to express them in terms of an excess noise source. There is a simple relationship between excess noise and noise figure. This is shown below. Consider stage 2 only. For a thermal noise input of KTB the output will be F 2 G 2 KTB. The output can be considered to be made up of two parts: a) The amplified input, G 2 KTB b) An excess noise source due to the imperfect amplifier, P x So For convenience, we make G 2 = 1; F 2 G 2 KTB = G 2 KTB + P x = (F 2 1) G 2 KTB. P x P x = (F 2 1) KTB Noise Figure F 1 Power Gain G 1 Noise Figure F 2 Output to a Practical Demodulator BBC R&D 2
3 Input power C Figure 1 We make the power gain of the first amplifier G 1 equal to 1/C, to give constant signal power to the second amplifier. This models ideal AGC action. F 2 will determine the system noise floor. The effective total noise figure of the system is given by the wellknown formula: Ft = F 1 + (F 2 1) / G 1 We have made G 1 = 1/C So Ft = F 1 + C (F 2 1) The carrier to noise ratio at the output to the demodulator is given by: C/N = C / KTBF t So C/N = C / (KTB(F 1 + C (F 2 1)) For an ideal demodulator, the calculated (by computer simulation) C/N ratio required by a 64 QAM rate 2/3 DVB-T system to achieve QEF 1 in a Gaussian channel is 16.5 db 2 [Reference 2]. A practical demodulator, which includes the action of the channel state measurement and equaliser, will require a greater C/N than this. We will call this requirement R 1 and make 1log 1 R 1 = 18.5 db. This probably represents the best performance that a practical demodulator, optimised to cope with time varying as well as Gaussian channels, can achieve at present. C/N can be plotted as a function of C for chosen values of F 1 and F 2. The ideal model is one where F 1 and F 2 are both equal to 1 ( db) and C/N = C / KTB or C = dbm. In the example shown in Figure 2, F 1 (db) = 7 db and P x (db) = -29 dbc. It should be noted that at sufficiently low values of C for the practical system C/N = C/ KTBF 1 ; ie. the curve becomes parallel to, and F 1 db offset from, that of the ideal system. At sufficiently high values of C for the practical system C/N = C/KTB(F 2-1) = C/P x. where 1/P x = -P x db 1 Quasi Error Free is a Bit error ratio of 2 x 1-4 after the Viterbi decoder. 2 Practical experiments with the BBC modem when all significant system degradations were eliminated resulted in a measured C/N of 16.7 db. BBC R&D 3
4 System C/N for a practical demodulator (db) R 1 F 1 (db) Ideal model db I/P Level (dbm) Figure 2 -Px (db) Loss of Noise-Margin An indication as to how well a DVB-T system is performing is the concept of loss of noise-margin. This is the difference (in db) between input C/N ratios of a practical model and of an ideal model when both are operating at QEF. For calculation we will call this difference where db = 1log 1. If N = KTB then this can be expressed in terms of input carrier level C. For our ideal model (which includes a practical demodulator), the C/N requirement to achieve QEF in a Gaussian channel is 1log 1 R 1 = 18.5 db or C = dbm. A practical model will require a greater input C/N than this: ie db or C = dbm. can be calculated as follows: From the noise model the C/N is given by: C/N = C/(KTB(F 1 +C(F 2-1)) Now (F 2-1) = P x /KTB where P x is the noise floor relative to carrier. C/N = C/(KTBF 1 +CP x ) BBC R&D 4
5 The C/N requirement for QEF in a Gaussian channel is R 1 where R 1 (db) = 18.5 db R 1 = C/(KTBF 1 + CP x ) So the carrier level required to achieve QEF in a Gaussian channel is: C = R 1 KTBF 1 /(1-R 1 P x ) For an ideal model where F 1 = 1 and P x = the carrier level required to achieve QEF in a Gaussian channel will be lower. We will call this carrier level C I The ratio 3 between C and C I is C I = R 1 KTB = dbm ie db above KTB = C/C I = F 1 /(1-R 1 P x ) It should be noted that the bulk of this as shown in Figure 2 is due to the contribution of F 1, which includes front-end thermal noise. It is convenient and usual to measure of a receiver with a sufficiently high and known carrier level such that contributions due to front-end thermal noise are negligible. In order to relate to practical measurements made at high carrier levels, is normalised to exclude F 1 contributions. We will call this / and show this in Figure 3 where: / = /F 1 / = 1/(1-R 1 P x ) System C/N for a practical demodulator (db) R 1 / db I/P Level (dbm) Figure 3 3 Note, this would be the difference if C and C I were in db. BBC R&D 5
6 Figure 3 above shows we have put the model noise floor P x to be about -29 dbc. But, this noise floor is dependant upon the sum of excess noise contributions which are independent of carrier level such as: the intercarrier interference component of phase noise, ADC quantising noise and transmitter intermodulation products. / can be plotted as a function of P x. This is shown in Figure 4. / (db) P x (dbc) Figure 4 Difficult channels So far we have considered the system performance requirement R 1 for the case of a Gaussian channel where we have defined 1log 1 R 1 = 18.5 db. A difficult channel will include degradations such as multipath, Co-Channel Interference (CCI) and Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI). The C/N ratio requirement for a difficult channel will be greater than that for the Gaussian channel. We will call this requirement R 2. There has been some debate as to the difficulty of the channel which the receiver should be able to cope with. Field measurements indicate that there is a spread of requirements where 1log 1 R 2 = 1log 1 R 1 + ( to 8) db. We will consider the case for a difficult channel where 1log 1 R 2 = 1log 1 R db = 25 db. This is 2 db greater than the figure used for initial planning studies [References 3 & 4]. We can now include R 2 in the plot of C/N versus I/P level BBC R&D 6
7 System C/N for a practical demodulator (db) R 2 R 1 / db I/P Level (dbm) Figure 5 Here we can clearly see the increase in / when the requirement is R 2. P x for the above example is about -29 dbc. If P x increased to -25 dbc then / for requirement R 2 would approach infinity. This is seen more clearly if we include R 2 in the plot of / versus P x which is done in Figure 6, and tabulated in Appendix 2. / (db) for Gaussian and Difficult Channels Difficult Channel Gaussian Channel Px (dbc) Figure 6 BBC R&D 7
8 Summary Figure 6 shows us that the loss of noise margin in a DVB-T system is greatly affected by the different carrier to noise requirements between those of a Gaussian channel and those of a difficult channel. For example, a system (which includes transmitter degradations) that has a noise floor of dbc has a loss of noise margin of 1 db in a Gaussian channel. This sounds quite small and reasonable. However, if the channel is difficult, which in our example is a 6.5 db increase in C/N requirement, the same system will have a loss of noise margin which is substantial and fast approaching infinity. Low excess noise contributions within a DVB-T system are therefore crucially important to the overall system performance. Recommendations Excess noise contributions P x, which determine the system noise floor are directly related to loss of noise-margin, and may be easier to measure in some circumstances. Consideration should be given to measurement methods that measure P x. It may not be possible to measure BER of a system in which case receivers should be tested under difficult channel conditions. The figures used in the initial planning studies (references 3 & 4) should be revised to take into account the effects of P x. For example: the implementation margin of 1.5 db in addition to the 3dB allowed for multipath, would need to be reduced for the Gaussian channel case. Acknowledgements The author would like to thank his BBC colleagues for useful discussions and in particular Adrian Robinson for clarifying the effects of the channel equaliser. BBC R&D 8
9 References [1] Salter, J.E. A simple noise model of a DVB-T System. DTG Tx Group Doc. 8, Sept BBC reference: DTB document no. 15. [2] European Telecommunication Standard Digital broadcasting systems for television, sound, and data services; Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for digital terrestrial television. ETSI specification ETS 3 744, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, [3] Digital Terrestrial Television Requirements for Interoperability ( UK D Book ). DTG, June [4] ITC/NTL and BBC Digital TV Frequency Planning Project. Technical Parameters and Planning Algorithms. BBC R&D 9
10 Appendix 1: Mathematical symbols and definitions used within the text of this Paper C signal input power K Boltzmann s constant T reference temperature for noise calculations B system noise bandwidth (7.61 MHz) C/N carrier-to-noise ratio F 1 noise figure of Stage 1 of the model: F 1 (db) =1 log 1 F 1 * F 1 (db) 1 log 1 F 1 F 2 noise figure of Stage 2 of the model: F 2 (db) =1 log 1 F 2 * F 2 (db) 1 log 1 F 2 F t effective total noise figure of the system model * F t (db) 1 log 1 F t Px sum of excess noise contributions which are independent of carrier level. This is the system noise floor. = (F 2-1) R 1 C/N requirement for QEF in a Gaussian channel for a demodulator which includes the action of the channel state measurement and channel equaliser. 1log 1 R 1 = 18.5 db R 2 C/N requirement as above except for a non-gaussian (difficult) channel. Figure used in text : 1log 1 R 2 = 25 db QEF Quasi-error-free is a BER of 2 x 1-4 after the Viterbi decoder BER Bit error ratio Loss of noise-margin which includes F 1 contribution * (db) / Loss of noise-margin which excludes F 1 contribution * / (db) Note, both and / exclude any contribution from the action of the channel state measurement and channel equaliser. * (db) 1log 1 * / (db) 1log 1 / Ideal demodulator Only used in (Reference 1). Ideal (noiseless reference) coherent demodulation with reliable finite-accuracy softdecision Viterbi decoding (3 bits). Practical demodulator Used in this paper. As above but the reference for coherent demodulation is derived from the noisy signal in a way which permits tracking of time varying channels e.g. simple linear temporal interpolation between consecutive scattered pilots. Ideal model F 1 = F 2 = 1; (P x = ) with Practical demodulator Practical model Example values: F 1 = 7 db, P x = -29 dbc(variable) BBC R&D 1
11 Appendix 2 - Tabulation of Loss of Noise-Margin as a Function of P x and Channel Difficulty db above Gaussian Px BBC R&D 11
DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL FRONT END
DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL FRONT END ABSTRACT J D Mitchell (BBC) and P Sadot (LSI Logic, France) BBC Research and Development and LSI Logic are jointly developing a front end for digital terrestrial
More informationTHE BASICS OF RADIO SYSTEM DESIGN
THE BASICS OF RADIO SYSTEM DESIGN Mark Hunter * Abstract This paper is intended to give an overview of the design of radio transceivers to the engineer new to the field. It is shown how the requirements
More informationC/N Ratio at Low Carrier Frequencies in SFQ
Application Note C/N Ratio at Low Carrier Frequencies in SFQ Products: TV Test Transmitter SFQ 7BM09_0E C/N ratio at low carrier frequencies in SFQ Contents 1 Preliminaries... 3 2 Description of Ranges...
More informationA DISCUSSION ON QAM SNARE SENSITIVITY
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY A DISCUSSION ON QAM SNARE SENSITIVITY HOW PROCESSING GAIN DELIVERS BEST SENSITIVITY IN THE CATEGORY 185 AINSLEY DRIVE SYRACUSE, NY 13210 800.448.1655 / WWW.ARCOMDIGITAL.COM ADVANCED
More informationETSI ES V1.1.1 ( )
Standard Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Wireless digital video links operating above 1,3 GHz; Specification of typical receiver performance parameters for spectrum planning
More informationR&D White Paper WHP 058. Diversity reception of Digital Terrestrial Television (DVB-T) Research & Development BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION
R&D White Paper WHP 58 April 23 Diversity reception of Digital Terrestrial Television (DVB-T) J. Mitchell and J.A. Green Research & Development BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION BBC Research & Development
More informationMATLAB SIMULATION OF DVB-H TRANSMISSION UNDER DIFFERENT TRANSMISSION CONDITIONS
MATLAB SIMULATION OF DVB-H TRANSMISSION UNDER DIFFERENT TRANSMISSION CONDITIONS Ladislav Polák, Tomáš Kratochvíl Department of Radio Electronics, Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 118, 612 00 BRNO
More informationTV Distribution Amplifier Performance when Interfered with by LTE Base Station and Subsequent Mitigation Filter Testing
Page 1 of 61 Business Unit: Safety & EMC Group Report Title: Author(s): TV Distribution Amplifier Performance when Interfered with by LTE Base Station and Subsequent Mitigation Testing Ian Parker Client:
More informationTesting The Effective Performance Of Ofdm On Digital Video Broadcasting
The 1 st Regional Conference of Eng. Sci. NUCEJ Spatial ISSUE vol.11,no.2, 2008 pp 295-302 Testing The Effective Performance Of Ofdm On Digital Video Broadcasting Ali Mohammed Hassan Al-Bermani College
More informationAdjacent Channel DVB-H Interference into Analogue PAL Television
Page 1 of 33 ERA Business Unit: ERA TECHNOLOGY LTD Report Title: Author(s): Adjacent Channel DVB-H Interference into Analogue PAL Television B Randhawa, I Parker Client: Ofcom ERA Report Number: 2007-0581
More informationDVB-H and DVB-SH-A Performance in Mobile and Portable TV
VOL. 2, NO. 4, DECEMBER 211 DVB-H and DVB-SH-A Performance in Mobile and Portable TV Ladislav Polák, Tomáš Kratochvíl Department of Radio Electronics, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612
More informationDVB-T/H Portable and Mobile TV Performance in the New Channel Profiles Modes
DVB-T/H Portable and Mobile TV Performance in the New Channel Profiles Modes Tomáš Kratochvíl Department of Radio Electronics, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic kratot@feec.vutbr.cz
More informationMULTI-CHANNEL CARS BAND DISTRIBUTION USING STANDARD FM MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT. Presented By
608 MULTI-CHANNEL CARS BAND DISTRIBUTION USING STANDARD FM MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT Presented By Terry R. Spearen, Manager of Systems Engineering Communication Equipment Division MICROWAVE ASSOCIATES, INC.
More informationMICROWAVE RADIO SYSTEMS GAIN. PENTel.Com Engr. Josephine Bagay, Ece faculty
MICROWAVE RADIO SYSTEMS GAIN PENTel.Com Engr. Josephine Bagay, Ece faculty SYSTEM GAIN G s is the difference between the nominal output power of a transmitter (P t ) and the minimum input power to a receiver
More informationTETRA Tx Test Solution
Product Introduction TETRA Tx Test Solution Signal Analyzer Reference Specifications ETSI EN 300 394-1 V3.3.1(2015-04) / Part1: Radio ETSI TS 100 392-2 V3.6.1(2013-05) / Part2: Air Interface May. 2016
More informationC/I = log δ 3 log (i/10)
Rec. ITU-R S.61-3 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R S.61-3 NECESSARY PROTECTION RATIOS FOR NARROW-BAND SINGLE CHANNEL-PER-CARRIER TRANSMISSIONS INTERFERED WITH BY ANALOGUE TELEVISION CARRIERS (Question ITU-R 50/4)
More informationMeasurements of protection ratios and overload thresholds for broadcast TV receivers
Report ITU-R BT.2215-5 (07/2015) Measurements of protection ratios and overload thresholds for broadcast TV receivers BT Series Broadcasting service (television) ii Rep. ITU-R BT.2215-5 Foreword The role
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT * Planning criteria for digital terrestrial television services in the VHF/UHF bands
Rec. ITU-R BT.1368-7 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1368-7 * Planning criteria for digital terrestrial television services in the VHF/UHF bands (1998-1998-2000-2002-2004-2005-2006-2007) Scope This Recommendation
More informationA new generation Cartesian loop transmitter for fl exible radio solutions
Electronics Technical A new generation Cartesian loop transmitter for fl exible radio solutions by C.N. Wilson and J.M. Gibbins, Applied Technology, UK The concept software defined radio (SDR) is much
More informationCourse 2: Channels 1 1
Course 2: Channels 1 1 "You see, wire telegraph is a kind of a very, very long cat. You pull his tail in New York and his head is meowing in Los Angeles. Do you understand this? And radio operates exactly
More informationATSC 3.0 Physical Layer Overview
ATSC 3.0 Physical Layer Overview Agenda Terminology Real world concerns Technology to combat those concerns Summary Basic Terminology What is OFDM? What is FEC? What is Shannon s Theorem? What does BER
More informationCOMPATIBILITY AND SHARING ANALYSIS BETWEEN DVB T AND TALKBACK LINKS IN BANDS IV AND V
European Radiocommunications Committee (ERC) within the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) COMPATIBILITY AND SHARING ANALYSIS BETWEEN DVB T AND TALKBACK LINKS IN
More informationBANDWIDTH EFFICIENT TURBO CODING FOR HIGH SPEED MOBILE SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS
BANDWIDTH EFFICIENT TURBO CODING FOR HIGH SPEED MOBILE SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS S. Adrian BARBULESCU, Wade FARRELL Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Warrendi Road,
More informationThis document is a preview generated by EVS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IEC 62002-1 Edition 2.0 2008-05 Mobile and portable DVB-T/H radio access Part 1: Interface specification IEC 62002-1:2008(E) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2008
More informationRADIO RECEIVERS ECE 3103 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
RADIO RECEIVERS ECE 3103 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS FUNCTIONS OF A RADIO RECEIVER The main functions of a radio receiver are: 1. To intercept the RF signal by using the receiver antenna 2. Select the
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R SNG Digital transmission of high-definition television for satellite news gathering and outside broadcasting
Rec. ITU-R SNG.1561 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SNG.1561 Digital transmission of high-definition television for satellite news gathering and outside broadcasting (Question ITU-R 226/4) (2002) The ITU Radiocommunication
More information8. TERRESTRIAL DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCASTING MEASUREMENT
Goals of measurement 1) Display spectrum of output signal from transmitter of digital video broadcasting. 2) Draw constellation diagrams of particular sub-carriers of output signal. 3) Determine minimum
More informationSatellite Link Budget 6/10/5244-1
Satellite Link Budget 6/10/5244-1 Link Budgets This will provide an overview of the information that is required to perform a link budget and their impact on the Communication link Link Budget tool Has
More informationMulti-Way Diversity Reception for Digital Microwave Systems
Multi-Way Diversity Reception for Digital Microwave Systems White paper Table of Contents 1. GENERAL INFORMATION 3 1.1 About this document 3 1.2 Acknowledgements 3 2. THE NEED FOR DIVERSITY RECEPTION 3
More informationSome Aspects Regarding the Measurement of the Adjacent Channel Interference for Frequency Hopping Radio Systems
Some Aspects Regarding the Measurement of the Adjacent Channel Interference for Frequency Hopping Radio Systems PAUL BECHET, RADU MITRAN, IULIAN BOULEANU, MIRCEA BORA Communications and Information Systems
More informationTSEK38 Radio Frequency Transceiver Design: Project work B
TSEK38 Project Work: Task specification A 1(15) TSEK38 Radio Frequency Transceiver Design: Project work B Course home page: Course responsible: http://www.isy.liu.se/en/edu/kurs/tsek38/ Ted Johansson (ted.johansson@liu.se)
More informationPublication II Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Publication II Jyrki T. J. Penttinen. 28. Field measurement and data analysis method for DVB H mobile devices. In: Alex Galis, Sorin Georgescu, Manuela Popescu, and Cebrail Ta kin (editors). Proceedings
More informationMultipath can be described in two domains: time and frequency
Multipath can be described in two domains: and frequency Time domain: Impulse response Impulse response Frequency domain: Frequency response f Sinusoidal signal as input Frequency response Sinusoidal signal
More informationJune 09, 2014 Document Version: 1.1.0
DVB-T2 Analysis Toolkit Data Sheet An ideal solution for SFN network planning, optimization, maintenance and Broadcast Equipment Testing June 09, 2014 Document Version: 1.1.0 Contents 1. Overview... 3
More informationFundamentals of telecommunications. Ermanno Pietrosemoli Marco Zennaro
Fundamentals of telecommunications Ermanno Pietrosemoli Marco Zennaro Goals To present the basics concepts of telecommunication systems with focus on digital and wireless 2 Basic Concepts Signal Analog,
More informationR&D White Paper WHP 066. Specifying UHF active antennas and calculating system performance. Research & Development BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION
R&D White Paper WHP 066 July 2003 Specifying UHF active antennas and calculating system performance J. Salter Research & Development BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION BBC Research & Development White Paper
More informationORTHOGONAL frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
144 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROADCASTING, VOL. 51, NO. 1, MARCH 2005 Performance Analysis for OFDM-CDMA With Joint Frequency-Time Spreading Kan Zheng, Student Member, IEEE, Guoyan Zeng, and Wenbo Wang, Member,
More informationDepartment of Telecommunications. The Norwegian Institute of Technology. N-7034 Trondheim, Norway. and the same power.
OFDM for Digital TV Terrestrial Broadcasting Anders Vahlin and Nils Holte Department of Telecommunications The Norwegian Institute of Technology N-734 Trondheim, Norway ABSTRACT This paper treats the problem
More informationSoft Cyclic Delay Diversity and its Performance for DVB-T in Ricean Channels
Copyright Notice c 27 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works
More informationPhysical Layer: Outline
18-345: Introduction to Telecommunication Networks Lectures 3: Physical Layer Peter Steenkiste Spring 2015 www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/nets-ece Physical Layer: Outline Digital networking Modulation Characterization
More informationREDUCING PAPR OF OFDM BASED WIRELESS SYSTEMS USING COMPANDING WITH CONVOLUTIONAL CODES
REDUCING PAPR OF OFDM BASED WIRELESS SYSTEMS USING COMPANDING WITH CONVOLUTIONAL CODES Pawan Sharma 1 and Seema Verma 2 1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bhagwan Parshuram Institute
More informationSatellite Communications: Part 4 Signal Distortions & Errors and their Relation to Communication Channel Specifications. Howard Hausman April 1, 2010
Satellite Communications: Part 4 Signal Distortions & Errors and their Relation to Communication Channel Specifications Howard Hausman April 1, 2010 Satellite Communications: Part 4 Signal Distortions
More informationRF Receiver Hardware Design
RF Receiver Hardware Design Bill Sward bsward@rtlogic.com February 18, 2011 Topics Customer Requirements Communication link environment Performance Parameters/Metrics Frequency Conversion Architectures
More informationPart A RADIO SPECIFICATION
Part A RADIO SPECIFICATION BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 1.0 B page 17 of 1082 CONTENTS 1 Scope...18 2 Frequency Bands and Channel Arrangement...19 3 Transmitter Characteristics...20 3.1 Modulation
More informationRF/IF Terminology and Specs
RF/IF Terminology and Specs Contributors: Brad Brannon John Greichen Leo McHugh Eamon Nash Eberhard Brunner 1 Terminology LNA - Low-Noise Amplifier. A specialized amplifier to boost the very small received
More informationPASSIVE radar, known also as passive coherent location
INTL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS, 2011, VOL. 57, NO. 1, PP. 43 48 Manuscript received January 19, 2011; revised February 2011. DOI: 10.2478/v10177-011-0006-y Reconstruction of the Reference
More informationERC Recommendation 54-01
ERC Recommendation 54-01 Method of measuring the maximum frequency deviation of FM broadcast emissions in the band 87.5 to 108 MHz at monitoring stations Approved May 1998 Amended 13 February 2015 Amended
More information4x4 Time-Domain MIMO encoder with OFDM Scheme in WIMAX Context
4x4 Time-Domain MIMO encoder with OFDM Scheme in WIMAX Context Mohamed.Messaoudi 1, Majdi.Benzarti 2, Salem.Hasnaoui 3 Al-Manar University, SYSCOM Laboratory / ENIT, Tunisia 1 messaoudi.jmohamed@gmail.com,
More informationKey words: OFDM, FDM, BPSK, QPSK.
Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2014 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsse.com Analyse the Performance
More informationPerformance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing System Based on Mobile Velocity and Subcarrier
Journal of Computer Science 6 (): 94-98, 00 ISSN 549-3636 00 Science Publications Performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing System ased on Mobile Velocity and Subcarrier Zulkeflee in halidin
More informationcarriers are carrying synchronization and control signals to the receivers, but most of carriers conveys signal-data to the receiver.
Hierarchical encoding an interesting specialty within DVB-T and DVB-H. INTRODUCTION Highly promoted by the German expert group in the DVB-T group, hierarchical encoding represents a mode, which is compromise
More informationTechniques for Mitigating the Effect of Carrier Frequency Offset in OFDM
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 10, Issue 3, Ver. III (May - Jun.2015), PP 31-37 www.iosrjournals.org Techniques for Mitigating
More informationProject: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Title: Link Level Simulations of THz-Communications Date Submitted: 15 July, 2013 Source: Sebastian Rey, Technische Universität
More informationWhite Paper. Linearity of GaN Based Solid State Power Amplifiers. By Cristi Damian, M.E.E. Advantech Wireless
White Paper Introduction Since the initial launch of GaN based Solid State Power Amplifiers by Advantech Wireless in early 2010, a lot of uncertainties and unknown issues have been clarified. We know today
More informationThe Measurement of Digitally Modulated RF Signals (The Basic Principles) Chris Swires, FSCTE. Swires Research.
The Measurement of Digitally Modulated RF Signals (The Basic Principles) Chris Swires, FSCTE. Swires Research. This paper was first presented to the Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers at the
More informationTV Test Receiver EFA, Models 40/43 (DVB-T)
TV Test Receiver EFA, Models 40/43 (DVB-T) Comprehensive analysis/demodulation/monitoring of digital terrestrial TV signals All DVB-T modes supported according to ETS300744 High-end demodulator High-end
More informationMeasuring ACPR of W-CDMA signals with a spectrum analyzer
Measuring ACPR of W-CDMA signals with a spectrum analyzer When measuring power in the adjacent channels of a W-CDMA signal, requirements for the dynamic range of a spectrum analyzer are very challenging.
More informationRevision of Wireless Channel
Revision of Wireless Channel Quick recap system block diagram CODEC MODEM Wireless Channel Previous three lectures looked into wireless mobile channels To understand mobile communication technologies,
More informationCHAPTER 3 ADAPTIVE MODULATION TECHNIQUE WITH CFO CORRECTION FOR OFDM SYSTEMS
44 CHAPTER 3 ADAPTIVE MODULATION TECHNIQUE WITH CFO CORRECTION FOR OFDM SYSTEMS 3.1 INTRODUCTION A unique feature of the OFDM communication scheme is that, due to the IFFT at the transmitter and the FFT
More informationFundamentals of OFDM Communication Technology
Fundamentals of OFDM Communication Technology Fuyun Ling Rev. 1, 04/2013 1 Outline Fundamentals of OFDM An Introduction OFDM System Design Considerations Key OFDM Receiver Functional Blocks Example: LTE
More informationADI 2006 RF Seminar. Chapter II RF/IF Components and Specifications for Receivers
ADI 2006 RF Seminar Chapter II RF/IF Components and Specifications for Receivers 1 RF/IF Components and Specifications for Receivers Fixed Gain and Variable Gain Amplifiers IQ Demodulators Analog-to-Digital
More informationCentral America and Caribbean: Digital television planning technical criteria and assumptions
Central America and Caribbean: Digital television planning technical criteria and assumptions INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS Unless otherwise stated fixed reception (Rice channel) is considered. The considered
More informationFCC and ETSI Requirements for Short-Range UHF ASK- Modulated Transmitters
From December 2005 High Frequency Electronics Copyright 2005 Summit Technical Media FCC and ETSI Requirements for Short-Range UHF ASK- Modulated Transmitters By Larry Burgess Maxim Integrated Products
More informationAdoption of this document as basis for broadband wireless access PHY
Project Title Date Submitted IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group Proposal on modulation methods for PHY of FWA 1999-10-29 Source Jay Bao and Partha De Mitsubishi Electric ITA 571 Central
More informationCommsonic. DVB-C/J.83 Cable Demodulator CMS0022. Contact information
DVB-C/J.83 Cable Demodulator CMS0022 DVB-C EN 300 429 ITU J83 Annexes A/B/C DOCSIS 1.1 / 2.0 IF sub-sampling or I/Q baseband interface. Standard 188-byte MPEG Transport Stream output. Variable ADC width
More informationDTVM 2000(T) Digital Terrestrial Television Transmitter Monitor
DTVM 2000(T) Digital Terrestrial Television Transmitter Monitor The DTVM 2000(T) Digital Terrestrial Television Transmitter Monitor range has been designed for DVB signal quality measurement applications.
More informationDTT COVERAGE PREDICTIONS AND MEASUREMENT
DTT COVERAGE PREDICTIONS AND MEASUREMENT I. R. Pullen Introduction Digital terrestrial television services began in the UK in November 1998. Unlike previous analogue services, the planning of digital television
More informationSome Results on Implementing Low-Complex ICI Cancellation for DVB-H
Some Results on Implementing Low-Complex ICI Cancellation for DVB-H Leif Wilhelmsson, Jim Svensson, Andreas Nevalainen Ericsson Research Nya Vattentornet, SE-221 83 Lund, Sweden Email: {Leif.R.Wilhelmsson,
More informationLecture 13. Introduction to OFDM
Lecture 13 Introduction to OFDM Ref: About-OFDM.pdf Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is well-known to be effective against multipath distortion. It is a multicarrier communication scheme,
More informationReady for RED. Radio Equipment Directive Introduction. / RED. Christian Reimer
Ready for RED Radio Equipment Directive Introduction www.rohde-schwarz.com / RED Christian Reimer Essential Requirements of Radio Equipment Directive Radio equipment shall be so constructed that it both
More informationSimulation results for several WLAN Modulation Methods
September, 1993 IEEE P82.11 135 Simulation results for several WLAN Modulation Methods Introduction Naftali Chayat and Michael Rothenberg LANNAIR inc. Tel-Aviv, ISRAEL The FH wireless LAN industry needs
More informationContents. Telecom Service Chae Y. Lee. Data Signal Transmission Transmission Impairments Channel Capacity
Data Transmission Contents Data Signal Transmission Transmission Impairments Channel Capacity 2 Data/Signal/Transmission Data: entities that convey meaning or information Signal: electric or electromagnetic
More informationDigital Audio Broadcasting Eureka-147. Minimum Requirements for Terrestrial DAB Transmitters
Digital Audio Broadcasting Eureka-147 Minimum Requirements for Terrestrial DAB Transmitters Prepared by WorldDAB September 2001 - 2 - TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Scope...3 2 Minimum Functionality...3 2.1 Digital
More informationDVB-T2 (T2) MISO versus SISO Field Test
DVB-T2 (T2) MISO versus SISO Field Test Author: Bjørn Skog, M.Sc. E-mail: bjorn.skog@telenor.com Company: Telenor Broadcast, Norkring AS, Norway July 3rd 2013 @ LS telcom Summit 2013 V.2 2.7.13 The Case
More informationInternational Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 3 No. 6, June, 2013
International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 3 No. 6, June, 2013 Spectrum Compatibility Study of Terrestrial Digital Audio Broadcasting System and the Microwave Radio Relay Links in the L-Band
More informationDesign and Implementation of OFDM System and Reduction of Inter-Carrier Interference at Different Variance
Design and Implementation of OFDM System and Reduction of Inter-Carrier Interference at Different Variance Gaurav Verma 1, Navneet Singh 2 1 Research Scholar, JCDMCOE, Sirsa, Haryana, India 2 Assistance
More informationPrinciples and Experiments of Communications
1 Principles and Experiments of Communications Weiyao Lin Dept. of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Textbook: Chapter 11 Lecture 06: Multicarrier modulation and OFDM Multicarrier Modulation
More informationAN X-BAND FREQUENCY AGILE SOURCE WITH EXTREMELY LOW PHASE NOISE FOR DOPPLER RADAR
AN X-BAND FREQUENCY AGILE SOURCE WITH EXTREMELY LOW PHASE NOISE FOR DOPPLER RADAR H. McPherson Presented at IEE Conference Radar 92, Brighton, Spectral Line Systems Ltd England, UK., October 1992. Pages
More informationGSM Transmitter Modulation Quality Measurement Option
Performs all required measurements for GSM transmitters Outputs multiple time mask parameters for process control analysis Obtains frequency error, rms phase error, and peak phase error with one command
More informationTSTE17 System Design, CDIO. General project hints. Behavioral Model. General project hints, cont. Lecture 5. Required documents Modulation, cont.
TSTE17 System Design, CDIO Lecture 5 1 General project hints 2 Project hints and deadline suggestions Required documents Modulation, cont. Requirement specification Channel coding Design specification
More informationInstantaneous Inventory. Gain ICs
Instantaneous Inventory Gain ICs INSTANTANEOUS WIRELESS Perhaps the most succinct figure of merit for summation of all efficiencies in wireless transmission is the ratio of carrier frequency to bitrate,
More informationRate and Power Adaptation in OFDM with Quantized Feedback
Rate and Power Adaptation in OFDM with Quantized Feedback A. P. Dileep Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai ees@ee.iitm.ac.in Srikrishna Bhashyam Department
More informationUNIVERSITATEA POLITEHNICA BUCUREŞTI FACULTATEA DE ELECTRONICĂ, TELECOMUNICAŢII ŞI TEHNOLOGIA INFORMAȚIEI LABORATOR TELEVIZIUNE
UNIVERSITATEA POLITEHNICA BUCUREŞTI FACULTATEA DE ELECTRONICĂ, TELECOMUNICAŢII ŞI TEHNOLOGIA INFORMAȚIEI LABORATOR TELEVIZIUNE VIDEO QUALITY MEASUREMENT IN DIGITAL TELEVISION SYSTEMS 1. DVB The Digital
More informationTSEK38: Radio Frequency Transceiver Design Lecture 6: Receiver Synthesis (I)
TSEK38: Radio Frequency Transceiver Design Lecture 6: Receiver Synthesis (I) Ted Johansson, ISY ted.johansson@liu.se Systematic Receiver Synthesis (1) 4.1 Introduction 4. Sensitivity, Noise Figure Receiver
More informationAprisa XE Performance and Monitoring Data
July 2012, issue 2.0.0 4RF Application Note Aprisa XE Performance and Monitoring Data Contents 1. Overview 2 2. Performance data and analysis 3 3. Constellation analyser 5 4. Additional performance and
More informationPractical issue: Group definition. TSTE17 System Design, CDIO. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Components of a digital communication system
1 2 TSTE17 System Design, CDIO Introduction telecommunication OFDM principle How to combat ISI How to reduce out of band signaling Practical issue: Group definition Project group sign up list will be put
More informationSECTION 2 BROADBAND RF CHARACTERISTICS. 2.1 Frequency bands
SECTION 2 BROADBAND RF CHARACTERISTICS 2.1 Frequency bands 2.1.1 Use of AMS(R)S bands Note.- Categories of messages, and their relative priorities within the aeronautical mobile (R) service, are given
More informationNoise and Interference Limited Systems
Chapter 3 Noise and Interference Limited Systems 47 Basics of link budgets Link budgets show how different components and propagation processes influence the available SNR Link budgets can be used to compute
More informationDIGITAL Radio Mondiale (DRM) is a new
Synchronization Strategy for a PC-based DRM Receiver Volker Fischer and Alexander Kurpiers Institute for Communication Technology Darmstadt University of Technology Germany v.fischer, a.kurpiers @nt.tu-darmstadt.de
More informationA Novel On-Channel Repeater for Terrestrial-Digital Multimedia Broadcasting System of Korea
A Novel On-Channel Repeater for Terrestrial-Digital Multimedia Broadcasting System of Korea Sung Ik Park, Heung Mook Kim, So Ra Park, Yong-Tae Lee, and Jong Soo Lim Broadcasting Research Group Electronics
More informationThe need for Tower Mounted Amplifiers
The need for Tower Mounted Amplifiers João Moreira Rebelo and Nuno Borges Carvalho a15853@alunos.det.ua.pt and nborges@ieee.org Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal Introduction
More informationSPECTRUM SHARING AND COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN THE INTERNATIONAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION- ADVANCED AND DIGITAL BROADCASTING IN THE DIGITAL DIVIDEND BAND
SPECTRUM SHARING AND COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN THE INTERNATIONAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION- ADVANCED AND DIGITAL BROADCASTING IN THE DIGITAL DIVIDEND BAND MOHAMMED B. MAJED 1,2,*, THAREK A. RAHMAN 1 1 Wireless
More informationTechnical basis for planning of terrestrial digital sound broadcasting in the VHF band
Recommendation ITU-R BS.1660-6 (08/2012) Technical basis for planning of terrestrial digital sound broadcasting in the VHF band BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) ii Rec. ITU-R BS.1660-6 Foreword The
More informationFourier Transform Time Interleaving in OFDM Modulation
2006 IEEE Ninth International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications Fourier Transform Time Interleaving in OFDM Modulation Guido Stolfi and Luiz A. Baccalá Escola Politécnica - University
More informationFrancis J. Smith CTO Finesse Wireless Inc.
Impact of the Interference from Intermodulation Products on the Load Factor and Capacity of Cellular CDMA2000 and WCDMA Systems & Mitigation with Interference Suppression White Paper Francis J. Smith CTO
More informationfilter, followed by a second mixerdownconverter,
G DECT Receiver for Frequency Selective Channels G. Ramesh Kumar K.Giridhar Telecommunications and Computer Networks (TeNeT) Group Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
More informationLTE: System Specifications and Their Impact on RF & Base Band Circuits Application Note
LTE: System Specifications and Their Impact on RF & Base Band Circuits Application Note Products: R&S FSW R&S SMU R&S SFU R&S FSV R&S SMJ R&S FSUP RF physical layer specifications (such as 3GPP TS36.104)
More informationCoverage Impact of Implementing Narrowband Equipment. Bernie Olson Chair TIA TR8.18
Coverage Impact of Implementing Narrowband Equipment Bernie Olson Chair TIA TR8.18 It Depends ON Lots of variables to take into consideration Migration process Link Budget Tradeoff of sensitivity and interference
More informationA Comparative performance analysis of CFO Estimation in OFDM Systems for Urban, Rural and Rayleigh area using CP and Moose Technique
International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347 5161 2015 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article A Comparative
More informationMultiple Access. Difference between Multiplexing and Multiple Access
Multiple Access (MA) Satellite transponders are wide bandwidth devices with bandwidths standard bandwidth of around 35 MHz to 7 MHz. A satellite transponder is rarely used fully by a single user (for example
More information