Comparative Study of AODV & AOMDV Routing Protocol

Transcription

1 I J C T A, 9(24), 2016,. 1-7 Iteratioal Sciece Press Comarative Study of AODV & AOMDV Routig Protocol Ayushi Varshey* ad Prachi Maheshwari** ABSTRACT Mobile ad hoc etwork (MANET) is the collectio of wireless odes. The wireless odes commuicate with each other without ay fixed ifrastructure. Oe of the major challeges i ad hoc etwork is to costruct the efficiet routig rotocols which deal with the dyamic toology of the etwork. This aer resets the workig of AODV ad AOMDV routig rotocol. I this aer the AODV ad AOMDV reactive routig rotocol is simulated ad their erformace is comared with the hel of erformace metrics. The results show that AOMDV has better erformace tha AODV i terms of acket delivery ratio, throughut ad acket loss. NS-2 is used for the simulatio. Idex Terms: MANET, Routig Protocols, AODV, AOMDV 1. INTRODUCTION MANET is the ifrastructureless etwork without ay access oit or base statio. It cosists of the mobile odes ad has dyamic toology [3]. MANET is self cofigured ad self orgaizig etwork [2]. I the ad hoc etwork odes are free to move aywhere ad ay air of odes ca commuicate directly if they are i the trasmissio rage of each other otherwise the commuicatig odes deed uo the other odes reset i the etwork for the commuicatio. So, MANET follows the multi-ho atter for the commuicatio. I the ad hoc etwork, the odes ca act as the router as well as host. The odes i the etwork dyamically exchage the data without their deedecy o ay wired backboe etwork. The odes i the etwork are differetiated by their rocessig, eergy cosumed, memory resources ad most imortat by their high degree of mobility [3]. Routig rotocols lay a imortat role i order to trasmit the data from oe ode to aother. The goal of the ad hoc etwork routig rotocols is to establish the valid ad efficiet routes betwee the odes so that the messages are delivered withi time. The routig rotocols must be able to deal with high degree of mobility. Deedig uo their etwork structure the routig rotocols are classified ito three tyes [4]: Proactive rotocols, Reactive rotocols ad Hybrid rotocols. Proactive rotocols are table-drive routig rotocols. Each ode stores the etwork toology iformatio ad routig iformatio is exchaged eriodically. Whe ay ode eeds a ath to ay destiatio the ath is obtaied from the routig table. Reactive rotocols are o-demad routig rotocols. The odes do ot store ay routig iformatio ad o iformatio is eriodically exchaged. Whe ay ode eeds a ath to ay destiatio the the source ode iitiate the route discovery rocess to fid the ath the use that ath for trasmissio of data ackets. Hybrid routig rotocols combie the best features of both roactive ad reactive routig rotocols. These reactive ad roactive routig rotocols are further distiguished ito sigle ath routig rotocols ad multiath routig rotocols [5]. * Deartmet of Comuter Sciece & Egieerig Ajay Kumar Garg Egieerig College Ghaziabad, Idia, varsheyayushi203@gmail.com ** Deartmet of Comuter Sciece & Egieerig Ajay Kumar Garg Egieerig College

2 2 Ayushi Varshey ad Prachi Maheshwari Sigle ath routig rotocols discovers the sigle ath betwee the source ad the destiatio. Sigle ath routig rotocols cosist of two comoets [4]. Oe is route discovery-the route is discovered betwee the source ad the destiatio ad secod is route maiteace-the ew route is determied to recover the broke route. Dyamic Source Routig (DSR), Destiatio Sequece Distace Vector (DSDV) ad Ad hoc O-demad Distace Vector (AODV) are most commoly used sigle ath routig rotocols. Multiath routig rotocols discover the multile aths betwee the source ad the destiatio. Multiath routig rotocols cosist of three comoets. Oe is route discoverythe multile ode-disjoit, lik-disjoit routes are discovered betwee the source ad destiatio, secod is traffic allocatio-oce the multile routes are discovered the source ode selects the set of aths the sed the data acket through the selected aths to the destiatio ad third is route maiteace-the ew ath is determied to recover the broke lik or failure ode. AODV-BR (Ad hoc O-demad Distace Vector-Backu Routig) ad AOMDV (Ad hoc O-demad Multiath Distace Vector) are most commoly used multiath routig rotocols. 2. RELATED WORKAND FONTS The recet discovery focused o the develomet of multiath routig rotocols [6]. The multiath routig rotocols has advatage over the sigle ath routig rotocols i two directios [7]: (i) I case of ath failure alterate aths are available ad (ii) Over the multile aths, the traffic is sreaded as a result acket delivery ratio icreases. This sectio gives the brief review o uiath ad multile ath rotocol AODV Ad hoc o-demad distace vector routig rotocol is similar to DSR but AODV maitais the routig table at each ode istead of route cache. AODV routig rotocol works i two arts oe is Route discovery Figure 1: AODV routig rotocol

3 Comarative Study of AODV & AOMDV Routig Protocol 3 ad other is Route maiteace. I route discovery hase, whe the source ode wats to sed the data acket to destiatio ode ad does ot have the valid route the source ode geerate the route request (RREQ) message ad broadcast to its eighbour odes. Whe the odes receive the RREQ message, create a reverse etry to source i its routig table ad forward the RREQ message. Whe RREQ message arrive at destiatio or the itermediate ode cotaiig the valid route the geerate the route rely (RREP) message ad uicast it to source. Whe the source ode receives the RREP message it start sedig the data alog that ath. I route maiteace, a eriodic hello message is advertised by the ode to show its resece. Whe a ode does ot receive the hello message from its eighbor i some secified time the broke lik is detected. The ode which sesed the broke lik geerates the route error (RERR) message ad seds to source ode [7-9]. I figure 1, the source ode S seds the RREQ acket to its eighbours. The itermediate ode receives the RREQ ad forward to their eighbours. Whe the RREQ acket reaches the destiatio, it geerates the RREP ad sed back to source. The source ode may receive more tha oe rely; i this case source chooses the ath with miimum ho cout AOMDV Ad hoc o-demad multiath distace vector is the most widely used multiath routig rotocol [5]. AOMDV is the extesio of AODV routig rotocol. I AOMDV the loo-free ad disjoit multile aths are formed. Whe source ode wats to sed data acket to the destiatio ode, the the route discovery rocess is iitiated by the source ode by sedig the RREQ acket. The rocess of trasferrig the multile aths from the source to destiatio forms the multile reverse aths. I AOMDV the dulicate RREQ message is ot immediately discard by the odes like i AODV i order to form the multile aths. For every destiatio the routig table cotais the ext ho alog with the ho cout. All the ext hos have the same sequece umber which kee track of route. The dulicate RREQs do ot immediately discarded by the ode. The RREQ messages received from the dissimilar odes esure the ode disjoit ath. To obtai the lik-disjoit the destiatio ode relies to oly those coies of RREQ which is received from differet eighbours. The routig table i AOMDV maitais the multile etries. Oe ath is chose as rimary ath ad other as alterate aths. Whe the rimary aths fail the alterate ath is used to trasmit the date to destiatio [10, 12, 13]. I Figure 2, ode S seds the RREQ to fid ath to destiatio. The dulicate RREQ message is received at ode H but H does ot igore this dulicate request like AODV but use this for makig aother ath. Figure 2: AOMDV Routig Protocol

4 4 Ayushi Varshey ad Prachi Maheshwari 3. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The objective of our exerimets is to ivestigate the erformace of AODV ad AOMDV o-demad routig rotocols. The comariso results are also show with the hel of grahs. To simulate the erformace of rotocols NS-2.34 simulator is used. NS is a object orieted simulator. NS uses two differet laguages. NS is writte i C++ ad i froted use tcl iterreter. NS uses two differet laguages because simulator has to erform two differet kids of thigs. O oe had, for the detailed simulatio of rotocols, system rogrammig laguage is required ad o other had, a huge art of research is doe by varyig the amareter or cofiguratio. The tcl laguage is used for cofiguratio ad setu. Whe the tcl file is ru, it geerates two more files: trace file ad am (etwork aimatio) file. Nam is the tcl based aimatio tool which is used to view simulatio traces ad data acket flow. To use the am, firstly the trace file should create. Trace file cotais the toology iformatio such as odes, liks ad acket flow. The rocess of simulatig the routig rotocols i NS-2.34 is show i Figure 3. Figure 3: NS-2 Simulatio Flowchart

5 Comarative Study of AODV & AOMDV Routig Protocol 5 We simulate the mobile odes over a rectagular area of size 500m 500m. The LINUX eviromet is used for simulatio. The mobility model used is two-ray groud roogatio model to simulate the movemet of odes, with 0 secods ause time. I our simulatio, the umber of coectio betwee the odes is six ad te. We used file trasfer rotocol (FTP) i both scearios. The TCP coectio is used i differet scearios to evaluate the erformace of AODV ad AOMDV. We ivestigate the erformace of AODV ad AOMDV by varyig the umber of source ad destiatio ode airs. The simulatio arameters are show i Table 1. The samle scree shot of 25 mobile odes sceario is show i figure 3. For the erformace metrics, we use acket delivery ratio, throughut ad acket loss ratio Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) PDR is obtaied by the dividig the umber of ackets received by the umber of ackets seds by the source odes. R PDR (1) S 1 1 S No. Parameters Figure 4: Samle Simulatio Sceario of 25 odes Table 1 Simulatio Parameter for AODV & AOMDV Values 1 Area 500m 500m 2 Number of Nodes Radio Proagatio Model Two ray groud 4 Simulatio time 200s 5 Pause time 0 6 No. of exerimets 4 7 Node Seed 10m/s 8 Traffic Tye CBR or FTP 9 Traffic Source Rate 16 kbs 10 Packet Size 512 bytes

6 6 Ayushi Varshey ad Prachi Maheshwari where R is the umber of ackets received at the destiatio ad S is the umber of ackets sed by the source Throughut It is defied as the total umber of ackets received er uit time. Throughut R 1 (2) Total Time 3.3. Packet Loss Ratio (PLR) PLR is defied as the differece betwee the umber of ackets set by the source ad the umber of ackets received at the destiatio. PLR S R S 100 (3) 4. RESULTS I the simulatio we use two scearios to evaluate the erformace of AODV ad AOMDV rotocols. The simulatio time is 500s both sceario. I sceario 1, the CBR/UDP coectios are formed betwee the source ad destiatio air. The umber of odes varies from 25 to 100 i the simulatio. The umber of coectios formed is six ad te. The figure shows that the AOMDV outerform the AODV. Figure 5 shows the erformace of AODV ad AOMDV rotocols for six umber of coectio. Figure 4(a), shows the higher acket delivery ratio for AOMDV as comare to tha AODV. Figure 5(b), shows that AODV has less throughut i comariso to AOMDV. Figure 5(c), shows the less acket loss for AOMDV i comariso to AODV. I sceario 2, there is te TCP/FTP coectios are formed betwee the source ad destiatio air. The umber odes vary from 25 to 100. I this sceario, AOMDV shows better erformace as comare to AODV. Figure 6(a) ad 6(b) shows, that AOMDV has higher acket delivery ratio ad throughut as comare to AODV resectively. Figure 6(c) shows that acket loss ratio is less for AOMDV as comare to AODV. 5. CONCLUSION This aer resets the sigle ath AODV routig rotocol ad multiath AOMDV routig rotocol. I this aer, the AODV ad AOMDV routig rotocol erformace is aalysed ad comared with the hel PDR THROUGHPUT PLR (a) (b) Figure 5: (a) Packet Delivery Ratio (b) Throughut (c) Packet Loss Ratio (c)

7 Comarative Study of AODV & AOMDV Routig Protocol 7 PDR THROUGHPUT PLR (a) (b) Figure 6: (a) Packet Delivery Ratio (b) Throughut (c) Packet Loss Ratio (c) of NS-2.34 simulator. The comariso result shows that the AOMDV rotocol has higher throughut ad better acket delivery ratio tha AODV. The loss of the data acket is also less i AOMDV as comared to AODV. I the route maiteace, whe ay ode detect the ath failure the it sed the route error (RERR) message to source ode. The source ode agai discovers the route if still required. I future route ca also reair locally. REFERENCES [1] Sajeev Kumar, Yogesh Chaba, Performace Evaluatio Of Multiath Routig Protocol I Mobile Ad-Hoc Network. Iteratioal Joural Of Networkig & Parallel Comutig Vol. 3, No. 2. [2] G. Vijaya Kumar, Y. Vasudeva Reddyr, Dr. M. Nagedra, Curret Research Work O Routig Protocols For MANET: A Literature Survey. (IJCSE) Iteratioal Joural O Comuter Sciece Ad Egieerig Vol. 02, No. 03, 2010, [3] Rajeet Kaur, Rajiv Mahaja, Amareet Sigh, A Survey O Multiath Routig Protocols For Maets. Iteratioal Joural Of Emergig Treds & Techology I Comuter Sciece (IJETTCS) Volume 2, Issue 2. [4] J. Seetaram, P. Satish Kumar, Eergy Aware Adhoc O-Demad Multiath Distace Vector Protocol For Qos Routig. World Academy Of Sciece, Egieerig Ad Techology Iteratioal Joural Of Comuter, Electrical, Automatio, Cotrol Ad Iformatio Egieerig 2015, Vol. 9, No. 3. [5] Uday Sigh Kushwaha, P. K. Guta, S. P. Ghrera, Performace Evaluatio Of AOMDV Routig Algorithm With Local Reair For Wireless Mesh Networks. CSIT(Jauary 2015) 2(4): DOI /S [6] Sucheta Sharma, Gurreet Sigh, Simulative Cotemlatio Of AODV, Aomdvad MDART Protocols. Iteratioal Joural Of Advaced Egieerig Research Ad Techology (IJAERT) 2014, Volume 2 Issue 2, ISSN No.: [7] Loay Abusalah, Ashfaq Khokhar, Ad Mohse Guizai, A Survey Of Secure Mobile Ad Hoc Routig Protocols. IEEE Commuicatios Surveys & Tutorials, 2008, Vol. 10, No. 4, Fourth Quarter. [8] Jyoti Jai, Rooam Guta, Tushar K. Badhoadhyaya, Performace Nalysis Of Proosed Local Lik Reair Schemes For Ad Hoc O Demad Distace Vector. IET Netw., 2013, Vol. 3, Iss. 2, [9] Sriath Peru 6 Abhilash I? Ad Sridhar Iyer, Router Hadoff: A Preemtive Route Reair Strategy For AODV. 0-7S /02/$ IEEE [10] Uday Sigh Kushwaha, P.K. Guta, AOMDV Routig Algorithm For Wireless Mesh Networkswith Local Reair (AOMDV-LR). Iteratioal Coferece O Commuicatio Ad Sigal Processig [11] Rajeet Kaur, Rajiv Mahaja, Amareet Sigh, A Survey O Multiath Routig Protocols For MANETS. Iteratioal Joural Of Emergig Treds & Techology I Comuter Sciece (IJETTCS), 2013, Volume 2, Issue 2. [12] M. Swathi, B. Pravallika, N. V. Muralidhar, Imlemetig Ad Comariso Of MANET Routig Protocols Usig NS2. Iteratioal Joural Of Emergig Techology Ad Advaced Egieerig, 2014, ISSN , ISO 9001:2008 Certified Joural, Volume 4, Issue 2. [13] Akitkumar Modi, Dushyatsih Rathod, Imrove Performace Of AOMDV Protocol I MANET. IJSART-2015 Volume 1 Issue 11.