AP5725 WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER. Description. Pin Assignments. Applications. Features. Typical Application Circuit. L1 22uH C OUT CIN. 1uF.

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1 Description Pin Assignments The is a step-up DC/DC converter specifically designed to drive white LEDs with a constant current. The device can drive 2 ~ 6 LEDs in series from a Li-Ion cell. Series connection of the LEDs provides identical LED currents resulting in uniform brightness and eliminates the need for ballast resistors. For driving higher number of LEDs, also supports a single feedback of parallel connected multiple strings of equal number of LEDs. SW GND FB (Top View) VIN OVP EN SW V IN OVP (Top View) GND FB EN The switches at 1.2MHz that allows the use of tiny external components. A low 0.25V feedback voltage minimizes power loss in the current setting resistor for better efficiency. SOT26 / TSOT23-6 DFN2020C-6 Features Applications High efficiency: 84% typical Fast 1.2MHz switching frequency Current limit and UVLO protections Internal thermal shutdown Internal Over Voltage Protection Integrated soft-start function SOT26, TSOT23-6 and DFN2020C-6: Available in Green Molding Compound (No Br, Sb) Lead Free Finish/ RoHS Compliant (Note 1) Cellular Phones PDAs, Hand held Computers Digital Cameras MP3 Players GPS Receivers Notes: 1. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS). All applicable RoHS exemptions applied. Please visit our website at Typical Application Circuit V IN L1 22uH D1 CIN 1uF C OUT 1uF V IN SW 2~6 LEDs ON OFF PWM Dimming OVP EN FB GND RSET 12 Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit 1 of 17

2 Pin Descriptions Pin Name SW GND FB EN OVP V IN Description Switch Pin. Connect inductor/diode here. Minimize trace area at this pin to reduce EMI. GND pin. Feedback Pin. Reference voltage is 0.25V. Connect cathode of lowest LED and a sense resister here. Calculate resistor value according to the formula: R SET = 0.25V / ILED Converter On/Off Control Input. A high input at EN turns the converter On, and a low input turns it off. If On/Off control is not needed, connect EN to the input source for automatic startup. The EN pin cannot be left floating. Output Voltage detect pin for over voltage protection. Input Supply Pin. Must be locally bypassed with 1μF or 2.2μF to reduce input noise. Functional Block Diagram OVP 5 FB 3 A1 - + Rc Cc - + A2 OTP Comparator CONTROL LOGIC Driver 1 SW Q1 V IN 6 V REF 0.25V Σ - + EN 4 Enable RAMP Generator 2 GND 1.2MHz Oscillator 2 of 17

3 Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Rating Unit V IN VIN Pin Voltage -0.3~7 V VSW SW Voltage -0.3~34 V V OVP OVP Pin Voltage -0.3~35 V V FB Feedback Pin Voltage -0.3~7 V EN EN -0.3~7 V T J(MAX) Maximum Junction Temperature 150 T LEAD Lead Temperature 300 T ST Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 Caution: Operation above the absolute maximum ratings can cause device failure. These values, therefore, must not be exceeded under any condition. Operation at the absolute maximum rating for extended periods, may reduce device reliability. o C o C o C Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit V IN Input Voltage V T J Operating Junction Temperature o C T A Operating Ambient Temperature o C 3 of 17

4 Electrical Characteristics (V IN = 3.6V, T A = 25 C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ. Max Unit System Supply Input V IN Operating Input Voltage V UVLO Under Voltage Lockout V Under Voltage Lockout Hysteretic mv I Q Quiescent Current FB=0.35V, No Switching μa I SD Shutdown Current V EN < 0.4V μa Oscillator F OSC Operation Frequency MHz Dmax Maximum Duty Cycle % Reference Voltage V FB Feedback Voltage V I FB FB Pin Bias Current na MOSFET Rds(on) On Resistance of MOSFET Ω I OCP Switching Current Limit Normal Operation ma Control and Protection EN Voltage High ON V EN Voltage Low OFF V I EN EN Pin Pull Low Current μa OVP OVP Threshold V Notes: θ JA θ JC Thermal Resistance Junction-to- Ambient Thermal Resistance Junction-to- Case SOT26 (Note 2) 162 TSOT23-6 (Note 2) 152 DFN2020C-6 (Note2) 200 SOT26 (Note 2) 36 TSOT23-6 (Note 2) 32 DFN2020C-6 (Note 2) Test condition for SOT26, TSOT23-6 and DFN2020C-6: Device mounted on FR-4 substrate, single-layer PC board, 2oz copper, with minimum recommended pad layout o C/W o C/W 4 of 17

5 Typical Performance Characteristics (6 LEDs ; V IN = 3.6V ; I OUT = 25mA) V IN vs. Shutdown Current V IN vs. Quiescent Current Shutdown Current(uA) V IN (V) Quiescent Current(uA) V IN (V) 1.25 V IN vs. Frequency 100 V IN vs. Max Duty Frequency(MHz) V IN (V) Max Duty(%) V IN (V) 0.3 V IN vs. Feedback Voltage 0.3 I OUT vs. Feedback Voltage Feedback Voltage(V) Feedback Voltage(V) V IN (V) I OUT (ma) 5 of 17

6 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) 35 V IN vs. OVP Threshold 1 Temperature vs. Shutdown Current OVP Threshold(V) Shutdown Current(uA) V IN (V) Temperature ( ) Temperature vs. OVP Threshold Temperature vs. Frequency OVP Threshold(V) Frequency (MHZ) V IN = 4.2V V IN = 3.6V Temperature ( ) Temperature ( ) 0.28 Temperature vs. Feedback Voltage Feedback Voltage(V) V IN = 4.2V V IN = 3.6V Temperature( ) 6 of 17

7 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) 90 I OUT vs. Efficiency 90 I OUT vs. Efficiency 85 V IN = 4.2V 85 V IN = 4.2V Efficiency(%) V IN = 3.6V Efficiency(%) V IN = 3.6V LEDs ; L = 22uH I OUT (ma) LEDs ; L = 22uH I OUT (ma) V IN vs. Efficiency LEDs 4 LEDs Efficiency(%) LEDs V IN (V) 7 of 17

8 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) V OUT Ripple V IN = 3.6V; 4 LEDs ; IOUT = 30mA V OUT Ripple V IN = 3.6V; 6 LEDs ; IOUT = 30mA SW SW VOUT VOUT POWER ON V IN = 3.6V; 6 LEDs ; IOUT = 30mA POWER OFF V IN = 3.6V; 6 LEDs ; IOUT = 30mA VEN VEN VOUT VOUT Irushi Irushin g 8 of 17

9 Applications Information Inductor Selection A 10μH~22μH inductor is recommended for most applications. For high efficiency the inductor should have low core losses at 1.2MHz and low DCR (copper wire resistance). The inductor saturation current rating should also exceed the peak input current, especially for high load current applications (like 3S8P). Capacitor Selection The small size of ceramic capacitors are ideal for applications. X5R and X7R types are recommended because they retain their capacitance over wider voltage and temperature ranges than other types such as Y5V or Z5U. A 1μF input capacitor and a 1μF output capacitor are sufficient for most applications. For high output current applications like 3S8P, larger output capacitor of 2.2uF ~ 4.7uF is recommended to minimize output ripple. Diode Selection Schottky diodes, with their low forward voltage drop and fast reverse recovery, are the ideal choices for applications. The forward voltage drop of a Schottky diode represents the conduction losses in the diode, while the diode capacitance (C T or C D ) represents the switching losses. For diode selection, both forward voltage drop and diode capacitance need to be considered. Schottky diodes with higher current ratings usually have lower forward voltage drop and larger diode capacitance, which can cause significant switching losses at the 1.2MHz switching frequency of the. Schottky diodes with higher current ratings usually have lower forward voltage drop and larger diode capacitance. Larger Schottky diode capacitance can cause significant switching losses at the 1.2MHz switching frequency of the. A Schottky diode rated at 100mA to 200mA is sufficient for most applications. LED Current Control The LED current is controlled by the feedback resistor (R SET in Figure 1). The feedback reference is 0.25V. The LED current is 0.25V/ R SET. In order to have accurate LED current, precision resistors are preferred (1% is recommended). The formula and table for R SET selection are shown below. R SET = 0.25V/I LED (See Table 1) Table 1. R SET Resistor Value Selection I LED (ma) R SET (Ω) of 17

10 Applications Information (Continued) Open-Circuit Protection In the cases of output open circuit, when the LEDs are disconnected from the circuit or the LEDs fail, the feedback voltage will be zero. The will then switch at a high duty cycle resulting in a high output voltage, which may cause the SW and OVP pin voltage to exceed the voltage rating of these pins. The OVP pin monitors the output voltage. If the output voltage reaches the over voltage protection threshold at the OVP pin (Figure 2), the over voltage protection is activated and SW pin stops switching. V IN CIN 1uF L1 22uH V IN SW OVP EN FB GND D1 x x RSET 12 C OUT 1uF Figure 2. LED Driver with Open-Circuit Protection Dimming Control There are four different types of dimming control circuits: 1. Using a PWM Signal to EN Pin With the PWM signal applied to the EN pin, the is turned on or off by the PWM signal. The LEDs operate at either zero or full current. The average LED current increases proportionally with the duty cycle of the PWM signal. A 0% duty cycle will turn off the and corresponds to zero LED current. A 100% duty cycle corresponds to full current. The typical frequency range of the PWM signal is below 2kHz. 10 of 17

11 Applications Information (Continued) 2. Using a DC Voltage For some applications, the preferred method of brightness control is a variable DC voltage to adjust the LED current. The dimming control using a DC voltage is shown in Figure 3. As the DC voltage increases, the voltage drop on R2 increases and the voltage drop on R SET decreases. Thus, the LED current decreases. The selection of R2 and R3 will make the current from the variable DC source much smaller than the LED current and much larger than the FB pin bias current. For V DC range from 0V to 2V, the selection of resistors in Figure 3 gives dimming control of LED current from 0mA to 20mA. FB V DC R3 100k R2 5k RSET 12 Figure 3. Dimming Control Using a DC Voltage 3. Using a Filtered PWM Signal The filtered PWM signal can be considered as an adjustable DC voltage. It can be used to replace the variable DC voltage source in dimming control. 4. Using a Logic Signal For applications that need to adjust the LED current in discrete steps, a logic signal can be used as shown in Figure 4. R SET sets the minimum LED current (when the NMOS is off). R SET sets how much the LED current increases when the NMOS is turned on. FB RINC Logic Signal RSET Figure 4. Dimming Control Using a Logic Signal 11 of 17

12 Applications Information (Continued) VOUT VIN C1 1uF D2 LED D3 LED D1 B0540WS R1 12ohm L1 22uH U1 SW Vin GND OVP FB EN C2 1uF ON OFF D4 LED D5 LED D6 LED D7 LED Table 2. Suggested Inductors Inductors Current Rating Dimensions Vendor Type Series (uh) (A) (mm) Wurth Electronics A SMD 3.8X 3.8 X GOTREND A SMD 3.8 X 3.8 X 1.05 GLP3810PH220N TAIYO YUDRN A SMD 4.0 X 4.0 X 1.25 NR4012 Table 3. Suggested Capacitors for C IN and C OUT Vendor Capacitance Type Series TAIYO YUDEN 1uF SMD TMK212 B7105MG-T Table 4. Suggested Diodes Vendor Rating Type Series ZETEX 40V/0.5A SOD323 ZLLS400 DIODES 40V/0.5A SOD323 B0540WS DIODES 40V/0.25A SOD523 SDM20U40 Table 5. Suggested Resistor Vendor Type Series YAGEO SMD FR-SK Table 6. Suggested W-LED Vendor Type Series LITEON SMD LTW-C1911UC5 12 of 17

13 Ordering Information AP 5725 XXX G - 7 Package W : SOT26 WU : TSOT23-6 FDC : DFN2020C-6 Green G : Green Packing 7 : Tape & Reel Device Package Packaging 7 Tape and Reel Code (Note 3) Quantity Part Number Suffix WG-7 W SOT /Tape & Reel -7 WUG-7 WU TSOT /Tape & Reel -7 FDCG-7 FDC DFN2020C /Tape & Reel -7 Notes: 3. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at Marking Information (1) SOT26 and TSOT23-6 ( Top View ) XX Y WX XX : Identification Code Y : Year 0~9 W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week; a~z : 27~52 week; z represents 52 and 53 week X : A~Z : Green Part Number Package Identification Code WG-7 SOT26 FC WUG-7 TSOT23-6 GC (2) DFN2020C-6 ( Top View ) XX : Identification Code XX Y : Year : 0~9 W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week; Y W X a~z : 27~52 week; z represents 52 and 53 week X : A~Z : Green Part Number Package Identification Code FDCG-7 DFN2020C-6 GC 13 of 17

14 Package Outline Dimensions (All Dimensions in mm) (1) Package Type: SOT26 (2) Package Type: TSOT of 17

15 Package Outline Dimensions (Continued) (3) Package Type: DFN2020C /0.63 Marking 0.43mon C 0.08 C Pin#1 ID B 0/0.05 2x 0.25 A 1.95/ / max. A (Active area depth) Seating plane C 0.37 Top View R0.15 2x- 1.95/ B 0.86/1.06 R nom. Bottom View 0.25/ / M C A B Land Pattern Recommendation (Unit:mm) 15 of 17

16 Taping Orientation For DFN2020C-6 Notes: 4. The taping orientation of the other package type can be found on our website at 16 of 17

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