Filters / Duplexers / Diplexers / RF Assemblies. Commercial, Military and Wireless filter products

Transcription

1 Filters / Duplexers / Diplexers / RF Assemblies Commercial, Military and Wireless filter products

2 Excellence in Filter Technologies for the Military, Commercial and Wireless Markets

3 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 4 SPECIFYING FILTERS 8 COMMONLY USED FILTER TERMINOLOGY 11 CAVITY FILTERS 14 DISCRETE ELEMENT FILTERS 20 DUPLEXERS, DIPLEXERS & RF ASSEMBLIES 30

4 Introduction WHO WE ARE ClearComm Technologies, LLC designs and manufactures custom filter products for the Commercial, Military and Wireless markets. The mission of ClearComm Technologies is to help our customers dramatically improve their performance and system metrics by providing a reliable source of filter solutions. Our goal is to be the supplier of choice by providing technical solutions and superior service to our customers. ClearComm is positioned to provide these solutions to a broad customer base, whether the application is for Military or Commercial use. THE MANAGEMENT TEAM Our senior level staff at ClearComm Technologies has over 75 years experience in the marketing, design and manufacturing of filter products. We believe in working closely on the design side with the customer to achieve their ultimate goals. SALES & SUPPORT Our Sales and Marketing staff is dedicated to providing timely information and support to our customers. We work closely with our Management, Engineering and Production teams to provide fast and accurate responses. ClearComm utilizes a direct sales force with offices in Maryland and California. In addition, we utilize manufacturer s Representatives in strategic areas of the country. The benefit is information is passed quickly and accurately. ENGINEERING Our product line consists of Cavity and Discrete Element Filters. Our cavity filter products include Transmit and Receive Filters as well as Duplexers and Multiplexers covering frequencies to 20 GHz. Many of our designs for High Q Cavity filters and filter based assemblies utilize cross coupled or pole placed technology. These products feature high selectivity, low loss, and smaller size than conventional designs. For high power applications, designs are optimized for Power Handling and IM performance. Our Discrete Element Filters are available in Lowpass, Highpass and Bandpass responses. We offer these filters in connectorized, PC mount and Surface mount packages. PRODUCTION ClearComm Technologies utilizes continuous flow manufacturing techniques that provide a high degree of precision, repeatability and quality. The use of detailed work flow instructions, and mechanical fixturing provide highly repeatable assemblies, which in turn require less tuning and alignment and provide for consistent achievement of design parameters. As a result we are able to continuously improve product performance and reduce cost through value analysis and manufacturing friendly designs. An ongoing commitment to providing customers with the right products on time and on budget drives our continuous improvement efforts. 4 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Introduction

5 FACILITIES Our continuing investment in facilities, equipment, and processes keeps ClearComm Technologies at the forefront of innovation and new product development. We are located in a modern, 30,000 square foot facility on the eastern Shore of Maryland. Our facility is optimized to handle high volume production requirements as well as small quantity runs. Assembly lines are in place to handle the work flow associated with large volume production. For smaller jobs, we utilize work cells and our in house machining capabilities to keep lead times to a minimum. QUALITY ClearComm Technologies is committed to providing the highest quality most reliable products possible. We will meet and exceed our customer s expectations by designing for excellence in products and in processes. Realization of these goals will be achieved through a process of continuous improvement at all levels of our organization. We recognize that people are our most important resource. This goal will only be achieved by the participation of all ClearComm employees. ISO 9001 CERTIFICATION ClearComm Technologies has received ISO9001 certification for Quality Assurance in design, development, production, installation and servicing functions. ISO9001 is a quality system standard recognized worldwide as a measure of an organization s ability to efficiently and consistently execute its key operational processes. The quality system model of the ISO9001 series provides a comprehensive contractual guide for the developing, documenting and maintaining quality processes throughout the product cycle including design, development and production. Certification signifies an organization s compliance with the rigorous elements of the standard as measured by licensed independent auditing agencies. RoHS STANDARDS COMPLIANCE Our products are designed and manufactured to meet the application specific requirements of our customers. Many customers require products that are RoHS compliant. ClearComm Technologies now offers RoHS compliant products. Compliance with RoHS standards is part of our commitment to the manufacture of electrically and mechanically superior, as well as environmentally friendly products. Compliance is based on our supplier based information upon request. RoHS (Reduction of Hazardous Substances) Declaration All products manufactured by ClearComm Technologies that are designated as RoHS compliant, meet the requirements for compliance to the RoHS (Reduction of Hazardous Substances) directive set for by the European Union. Please contact the factory for compliance certificates. Requests may be directed to the Sales or Quality departments at (410) or via at support@clearcommtech.com. ClearComm Technologies, LLC 5 Introduction

6 Introduction continued TO PLACE AN ORDER Orders should be placed as follows: ClearComm Technologies, LLC P.O. Box 81 Fruitland, MD Our physical address: Crown Rd. Ste 3 Fruitland, MD Phone: Fax: General Sales Address: sales@clearcommtech.com Orders received by , facsimile or telephone will be accepted and initially processed pending receipt of confirming purchase order. Receipt of confirming purchase order is required within 15 working days or prior to component delivery, whichever is sooner. Commencement of work prior to receipt of final purchase order shall not be interpreted as acceptance of order. ClearComm proudly accepts Visa, American Express and MasterCard credit cards. TERMS OF PAYMENT All invoices are due and payable 30 days from date of invoice unless otherwise negotiated at the time of order placement. PRICES Quoted prices do not include federal, state, or local excise taxes, export or special packaging and delivery unless specifically requested or identified. F.O.B. POINT AND SHIPPING METHODS Unless specified otherwise, all sales are considered to be made F.O.B. Fruitland, Maryland and title passes to the Buyer upon delivery to the carrier. Damage in transit is handled by the Buyer directly with the carrier. Shipments are made the most economical method using best commercial practices unless Buyer s specific instructions regarding method and routing are provided in the purchase order. CHANGE ORDERS AND CANCELLATIONS Change orders are considered to be in effect after both the Buyer and ClearComm Technologies, LLC have reached a mutual agreement as to the effect of the change on price, delivery, or other conditions of the order. Cancellation of an order can be made only with ClearComm s written consent. All standard catalog products will be subject to a 20% restocking charge or cancellation charge depending on the specific circumstances of the cancellation. Custom designed products are manufactured to unique specifications based on an individual customers needs. Once manufactured, these products are custom in nature and cannot be restocked. 6 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Introduction

7 CUSTOMER SOURCE INSPECTION Should source inspection be required, it must be so indicated at the time the request for quotation is made and, subsequently, reflected on the purchase order. There is a nominal charge for source inspection on a per visit basis. PUBLISHED SPECIFICATIONS ClearComm Technologies, LLC reserves the right to change, modify or update any published specifications, literature or catalogs regarding the products offered. Published specifications may include electrical performance, outline dimensions and availability. CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMANCE A Certificate of Conformance is available upon request at the time of purchase. This certificate states: This is to certify that all products provided by ClearComm Technologies, LLC conform to all requirements specified on the Purchase order. Products have been tested and/or inspected to relevant drawings and specifications. Evidence of inspections and tests are maintained on file at ClearComm Technologies, LLC and are available for review upon request. WARRANTY ClearComm Technologies, LLC warrants it s products to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from the date of shipment. This warranty shall be limited to the repair or replacement of the defective part. Warranty returns must first be authorized by our sales office prior to return and must be returned pre-paid. This warranty is exclusive and in lieu of all warranties, express or implied, including any warranty of merchantability or fitness for an intended purpose. REPAIRS AND RETESTING Repairs and retesting of ClearComm products are made at the factory. A Returned Material Authorization (RMA) number must be issued prior to returning the product. Before returning any component, please contact ClearComm directly for the assignment of an RMA number, shipping address, and instructions. ClearComm Technologies, LLC 7 Introduction

8 Percent Bandwith Filter Technologies Discrete Element Filters Cavity Filters Specifying Filters The Filters supplied by ClearComm Technologies cover frequencies from 1 MHz to 20 GHz and can range in bandwidths from 0.1% to greater then 150%. Because of such broad ranges of frequency and bandwidth, there is no single technology that will give optimal performance. ClearComm categorizes our filter products into two broad technology groups. Discrete Element Filters, which consist of physical capacitors and inductors and Cavity Filters which use transmission line elements. The graph to the left gives the approximate frequency range and bandwidths for each of these technologies. In general, for a given frequency and bandwidth a Discrete Element Filter will have higher loss and be smaller than a Cavity Filter. The table below offers a comparison of these two technologies: Center Frequency (MHz) Type Freq. Range Response % Bandwidth VSWR Number of Avg. Power Operating (MHz) (Bandpass) (Nominal) Sections (Watts) Temp. (Deg. C) Discrete Element Cavity Lowpass Highpass Bandpass Bandstop Bandpass Bandstop (1) May use Pole Placed techniques to increase rejection : (1) to % 1.5: (1) to +85 Passband Relationships Insertion Loss Insertion Loss 0.5 db Relative Bandwith 1.0 db Relative Bandwith 2.0 db Relative Bandwith Increasing Frequency Ripple Relative Attenuation Passband Relationships It is important to understand the performance characteristics of a Filter within it s passband region and as it transitions into the stopband. Historically the passband of a filter was defined by the 3 db (or half power) point. This approach works well with lossy filters but may not be adequate for describing filters with low loss. The dissipative losses are greater at the bandedges than at center frequency. The passband of the filter becomes rounded at the bandedges. Since both the dissipative loss and the reflective loss is present in each filter, the ripple becomes superimposed on the rounded passband created by the dissipative losses. Because of this it is more useful to specify a relative bandwidth as shown than the equil-ripple bandwidth. 8 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Specifying Filters

9 The tables below show the relationship of the 3 db Bandwidth to 0.5, 1.0 db Bandwidths. Tables are given for the relationship between center frequency insertion loss and the 1.5:1 VSWR (14 db Return Loss) bandwidth and +/- 5 deg Phase Linearity. This bandwidth is defined as the maximum deviation from a best-fit line drawn between two points on either side of the passband db Bandwidth vs. 3 db Bandwidth db Bandwidth vs. 3 db Bandwidth Insertion Loss (db) N=2 N>_4 N=3 Insertion Loss (db) N=2 N=3 N>_ Fractional Bandwidth Fractional Bandwidth :1 VSWR Bandwidth vs. 3 db Bandwidth 4.5 ± 5 Phase Bandwidth vs. 3 db Bandwidth 4.0 N>_6 4.0 Insertion Loss (db) N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 Insertion Loss (db) N=2 N=3 N>_ Fractional Bandwidth Fractional Bandwidth ClearComm Technologies, LLC 9 Specifying Filters

10 Specifying Filters continued Since the 3dB bandwidth is the minimum bandwidth, the typical maximum bandwidth may be of some concern. The graph below defines the typical variation incurred in the manufacturing process. Note: If bandwidth is of concern, specify a maximum 3dB bandwidth when discussing specifications with our applications engineers. In some cases we may greatly exceed this tolerance to reduce center frequency insertion loss db Bandwidth Variation Factor % 3 db Bandwidth 10 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Specifying Filters

11 Commonly Used Filter Terminology Insertion Loss The additional loss caused by introducing the device in the signal chain. Insertion loss is normally specified at center frequency, however in low-loss cavity filters, Insertion Loss may be specified over the entire band. To specify insertion Loss, give the maximum allowable loss at center frequency or over the required frequency range. Example: 1.5 db Maximum (assumed to be at center frequency only) 0.8 db Maximum from MHz Insertion Loss Variation The dissipative losses are greater at the filter bandedges than at center frequency. The passband of the filter becomes slightly rounded at the bandedges. Since both the dissipative loss and the reflective losses are present in each filter, the ripple becomes superimposed on the rounded passband created by the dissipative losses. Because of this it is useful to specify an Insertion Loss Variation to assure that the variance between minimum and maximum losses are known. To specify Insertion Loss Variation, give the maximum allowable variance over the required frequency range. Example: 0.5 db max from MHz Ripple The peak to peak variation of the passband response. RIPPLE is expressed in decibles and is a function of the match (RETURN LOSS) of the device in the system. ClearComm Technologies uses extremely low ripple designs to provide a good Return Loss. Ripple is often mistaken for Insertion Loss Variation which is caused by dissipative losses. To specify Ripple, give the maximum allowable variance over the required frequency range. Example: 0.5 db max from MHz Return Loss / VSWR The measurement of the match between the impedance of the device and the system impedance. Generally, wireless systems are designed with a 50 Ohm impedance, thus the Return Loss is how well the device matches this impedance. VSWR is the ratio of the minimum and maximum standing wave voltage. VSWR relates to Return Loss by the following equation: R.L. = 20LOG[(VSWR+1)/(VSWR-1)] Thus a VSWR of 1.5:1corresponds to a Return Loss of 20LOG(5.0) = 13.97dB. RETURN LOSS is measured over the entire passband. To specify Return Loss give the minimum allowable value over the required frequency range. VSWR will be specified by the maximum value. Example: 17 db min from 882 to 912 MHz. 1.3:1 max from 1450 to 1750 MHz. ClearComm Technologies, LLC 11 Commonly Used Filter Terminology

12 Commonly Used Filter Terminology continued Stopband Rejection The amount of attenuation given to unwanted signals occurring outside of the passband region. The Stopband Rejection must be specified as a frequency (or range of frequencies) and the required attenuation. Bandpass filters will have rejection below the passband extending to zero frequency. Because of the use of transmission line elements in cavity filters, these will not have the Stopband Rejection extending to infinite frequencies. Typically these devices may provide attenuation to 3 times the center frequency. These devices may be designed to provide attenuation to far greater frequencies by the use of auxiliary filters. Above the passband, attenuation may be specified as Ultimate Rejection which will be the highest frequency that a given attenuation may be guaranteed. To specify the Stopband Rejection give the range of frequencies and minimum attenuation needed. Example: 85 db minimum from 12.5 to 13.0 GHz. or 45 db min at MHz Isolation In a Duplexer or Multiplexer filter, Isolation is the amount of attenuation between the Receive and Transmit ports. Like Stopband Rejection, this is amount of attenuation given to unwanted signals. The Isolation must be specified as a range of frequencies in the opposing band and the required attenuation. For example Receive to Transmit Isolation is the amount of attenuation of signals in the receive bands when measured from the transmit port. To specify Isolation give the direction of signal flow and minimum attenuation needed. Example: Rx to Tx, 80 db minimum Power Handling The amount of power that the device will handle before a degradation of performance will occur. Generally devices are given a maximum power limit. Power Handling may be specified as a CW (Continuous Wave), Average power, Peak Power and Multi- Carrier Power. Multiple Carrier is defined as the number of carriers, n each at SEPARATE frequencies within the transmit passband applied simultaneously at the power level, p as indicated, completing the formula: n2 x p = Peak Power Handling. The Power Handling figures given in this catalog includes simultaneous conditions of Antenna VSWR <2:1, altitude <10,000 feet, and case temperature of <+50º C. To specify POWER HANDLING, specify the maximum amount of power that will be presented at the transmit port of the device. Example: 800 Watts CW, 1.5:1 VSWR any phase 12.5 kw Average 10 Carriers at 25 Watts (=2500 Watts Peak Power) 12 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Commonly Used Filter Terminology

13 Phase Linearity The deviation in phase response from a best fit line drawn between two frequencies. This non - linearity is particularly important where phase coherence of multiple signals is needed. Phase linearity is expressed in degrees over a given range of frequencies. Example: ± 5 degrees from 890 to 915 MHz. Group Delay The time delay of a signal caused by the reactive elements used within a device. Many times the variation of delay from a best fit line drawn between two frequencies is specified. This non - linearity is particularly important where phase coherence of multiple signals is needed. Group delay is proportional to the change in slope of the phase shift response versus frequency curve. Example: ± 2.0 ns from 2110 to 2250 MHz. Intermodulation Distortion Intermodulation Distortion can occur when two or more frequencies are transmitted simultaneously. Non-Linearity s in the device can cause new frequencies to be generated. If these signals fall within the receive band, the intended signal can be obscured. Passive microwave filters can generate intermodulation products, although these are typically orders of magnitude lower than those generated by active devices. These products are caused by saturation in ferrite cores or by dissimilar metal junctions. The nth order products are generated by n iterations of fundamental signals. If two signals, (f1 and f2) are incident on a device, the 2nd order products are f2 + f1 and f2 - f1. The 3rd order products are 2 f2 + f1, 2 f2 - f1, f2 + 2f1, and 2 f1 - f2. Two of the generated products, 2 f2 - f1 and 2 f1 - f2 are close to f1 and f2 and therefore they will not be filtered out. The 5th, 7th and higher order products will not usually be of importance. Passive Intermods are measured in dbc or more accurately in dbm with the carrier tone level specified. Example: -110 dbm with two +44 dbm tones (would be -154 dbc) ClearComm Technologies, LLC 13 Commonly Used Filter Terminology

14 Cavity Filter Series 30 MHz to 20 GHz Bandwidths from <0.1 to >66% Optimized for Lowest Loss 2 to 12 Sections + Pole Placed Designs Temperature Compensated ClearComm Technologies cavity filter designs are available in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 20 GHz with bandwidths 0.1% to over 66%. Our Cavity filter designs are optimized for low insertion loss, steep skirt selectivity, and narrower bandwidths than Discrete Element Filters. The term Cavity filter is used to describe the electrical elements within the device. Depending on the center frequency and bandwidth, a number of different technologies may be utilized including helical resonators, combline, interdigital, ceramic and waveguide. Each filter will be custom designed to meet your exact requirements. Our proprietary software programs can accurately predict the filter performance including loss, attenuation and physical size. The following information is meant to be a guide to allow the specification of our cavity filters. Typical Performance Series Frequency % BW Number of VSWR Passband (MHz) Poles Return Narrow Band 30 20, % 2 8 (1) 1.5:1 Max 3.5 x F 0 Medium Band 30 20, % 2 13 (1) 1.5:1 Max 3.5 x F 0 Wide Band 30 20, % :1 Max 2.1 x F 0 (1) Stopband performance can be further enhanced by the use of Pole Placed or Cross- Coupled techniques on narrow and medium bandwidths. This technique introduces attenuation zeros at specific frequencies. Operating Temperature Power Handling Environmental & Mechanical -55 C to +85 C 10 Watts Avg. Relative Humidity 0 95% Shock Vibration Connector Options 20 G s, ½ Sine, 11mS 10 G s, 10 Hz to 2000 Hz SMA Female, Male Type N Female, Male (Frequency <12 GHz) TNC Female, Male (Frequency <18 GHz) BNC Female, Male (Frequency <2 GHz) Other Connector options include DIN 7/16, QMA, SMP, RF Pin 14 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Cavity Filter Series

15 Specifying a Cavity Filter ClearComm Technologies Lowpass Filters are produced to our customer s individual requirements. The use of common components and housings allows us to produce these filters with minimal engineering time. In cases where there is not an existing specification detailing the electrical and physical parameters of the filter, ClearComm can provide a response based on completing the table below. Electrical and Mechanical Requirements Parameter Value Notes: Center Frequency Bandwidth Insertion Loss VSWR (Return Loss) Stopband Rejection(s) Power Handling Package Style Connectors Environmental and Mechanical Quantity Required Delivery Requirements (1) Will be supplied with removable SMA Female connectors Or Lower and Upper Bandedge Usually given as 3 db point At Center Frequency Typically 1.5:1 (14 db) Given as Attenuation and Frequency Typically 1-10 W Avg. See Outlines or provide drawing BNC Female, BNC Male, Blind Mate, N Female, N Male, RF PIN (1), SMA Female, SMA Male TNC Female, TNC Male You may specify Humidity, Shock, Vibration, Temperature Range, Altitude, Gross / Fine Leak, Etc. Please give range of quantities required Time frame for deliveries ClearComm Technologies, LLC 15 Cavity Filter Series

16 Cavity Filter Series continued Relative Attenuation (db) Stopband Attenuation vs. Number of Sections N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 N=7 Ref 3 db BW Number of 3dB Bandwiths from Center Frequency N=7 N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 Stopband Rejection and Attenuation The adjacent curves are used to determine the out-of-band or stopband attenuation for ClearComm s cavity filter line. These curves show the attenuation as multiples of 3 db bandwidths from center frequency for filters up to 7 sections. For requirements with greater rejections needed, please contact the factory. The formula for approximate stopband attenuation: 3 db Bandwidths from f0 = Reject Frequency - Center Frequency 3 db Bandwidth Example: Center Frequency (f0) = 1000 MHz 3 db Bandwidth = 10 MHz 60 db attenuation required at 980 and 1030 MHz We must first calculate the number of 3 db Bandwidths away from Center Frequency = 2 = We can see from the table above that to achieve 60 db attenuation at 2 3dB bandwidths away that we need a minimum of 5 sections and that at 3 3dB bandwidths away we need a minimum of 4 sections. Always use the higher number of sections. Insertion Loss Knowing the number of sections, center frequency and bandwidth of the filter and the Q factor found from the charts below, the insertion loss may be calculated from the formula: N Loss = Q x %BW 5 Narrow Band Cavity Filters 1.3 Medium and Wide Band Cavity Filters Q Factor for Calculating Loss 2 1 Q Factor for Calculating Loss Center Frequency (GHz) Center Frequency (GHz) 16 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Cavity Filter Series

17 Mechanical The mechanical dimensions and mounting hole locations are dependent upon the design parameters specified by the customer. Contact ClearComm Technologies for exact dimensions. Narrowband Cavity Filters Frequency Width Height-Max Length vs. Number of Sections Ins (mm) Ref. (MHz) Ins / (mm) Ins / (mm) Figure (98.6) (73.1) (60.5) (31.5) 1.88 (47.8) (134) (63.5) (92.2) (120.7) (149.4) (177.8) (109) (83.3) (74.9) (63.5) (25.4) 2.2 (55.9) (49.5) (50.8) (71.1) (91.4) (112) (132) (45.7) (41.9) (38.1) (19.1) (31.8) (38.1) (50.8) (63.5) (76.2) (88.9) (44.3) 1.0 (25.4) (89.4) (128) (167) (206) (244) (34.8) 0.85 (21.6) (70.4) (99.6) (129) (158) (187) (29.1) (58.9) (82.6) (106) (129) (153) (25.4) 0.75 (19.1) (51.3) (71.1) (90.9) (111) (131) (22.6) (30.0) (63.0) (80.0) (97.0) (114) ClearComm Technologies, LLC 17 Cavity Filter Series

18 Cavity Filter Series cont. Package Style 1 Package Style 2 Package Style 3 Package Style 4 18 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Cavity Filter Series

19 Medium Bandwidth Filters Frequency Width Height Length vs. Number of Sections Ins (mm) Ref. (MHz) Ins (mm) Ins (mm) thru 13 Sections Figure Add 0.7 Ins (17.8) mm (102) (19.1) (66.0) (81.3) (94.0) (109) per additional section Add 0.5 Ins (12.7) mm (53.4) (15.0) (48.8) (61.0) (71.1) (81.3) per additional section ) Add 0.4 Ins (10.2) mm (38.1) (16.0) (35.6) (45.7) (48.3) (58.4) per additional section Add 0.3 Ins (7.6) mm (22.9) (12.7) (28.0) (30.5) (38.1) (45.7) per additional section Add 0.2 Ins (5.1) mm (17.8) (12.7) (25.4) (28.0) (30.5) (30.5) per additional section 5 Wide Band Filters (>20% Bandwidth) Frequency Width Height Length vs. Number of Sections Ins (mm) Ref. (MHz) Ins (mm) Ins (mm) thru 13 Sections Figure Add 0.4 Ins (10) mm (165) (19.1) (27.9) (38.1) (48.3) (58.4) per additional section Add 0.3 Ins (7.6) mm (88.9) (15.0) (25.4) (30.5) (38.1) (45.7) per additional section Add 0.2 Ins (5.1) mm (50.8) (16.0) (25.4) (27.9) (30.5) (33.0) per additional section Add 0.1 Ins (2.5) mm (31.8) (12.7) (22.9) (25.4) (27.9) (30.5) per additional section Add 0.1 Ins (2.5) mm (25.4) (12.7) (20.3) (22.9) (25.4) (27.9) per additional section Package Style 5 Additional Lengths for Connectors Connector Type Additional Length per Connector Ins / (mm) BNC Female (1) 0.72 (18.3) BNC Male (1) 0.88 (22.3) Blind Mate (SMP) 0.38 (9.7) N Female (1) 0.75 (17.8) N Male (1) 0.80 (20.3) RF Pin (2) (2) SMA Female 0.38 (9.7) SMA Male 0.50 (12.7) TNC Female (1) 0.75 (17.8) TNC Male (1) 0.85 (20.3) (1) Minimum width and height of cavity must be 0.88 Ins (22.4mm) (2) Will be supplied with removable SMA Female connectors ClearComm Technologies, LLC 19 Cavity Filter Series

20 Discrete Element Filters Frequency Range 1 MHz to 6000 MHz Lowpass, Highpass, Bandpass Responses Small Size - Industry Standard Packages Multiple Connector Options 2 to 12 Sections + Pole Placed Designs Temperature Compensated ClearComm Technologies Discrete Element filter designs are available in the frequency range of 1 MHz to 6 GHz with topologies of Lowpass, Highpass and Bandpass responses. These filter designs are optimized for low insertion loss and steep skirt selectivity. Because of the flexibility in Discrete Element Filters, they are available in a greater number of responses and topologies than Cavity Filters. The term Discrete Element filter is used to describe the electrical elements within the device. Depending on the center frequency and bandwidth, a number of different technologies may be utilized including a pure, lumped element approach, or a hybrid design utilizing parasitic elements and TEM circuits. Each filter will be custom designed to best meet your exact requirements. Our proprietary software programs can accurately predict the filter performance including loss, attenuation and physical size. Use of industry standard packages enables ClearComm to match existing layouts and to provide custom designs while keeping lead time to a minimum. The following information is meant to be a guide to develop the specification of our Discrete Element filters. Typical Performance Freq. Range 3dB VSWR Number of Avg. Power Operating Relative (MHz) Bandwidth (Nominal) Sections (Watts) Temp. (Deg. C) Humidity Shock Vibration % 1.5: to % 20G s, 10G s, 10 Hz ½ Sine, 11mS to 2000 Hz 20 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Discrete Element Filters

21 Specifying a Discrete Element Filter ClearComm Technologies Filters are produced to our customer s individual requirements. The use of common components and housings allows us to produce these filters with minimal engineering time. In cases where there is not an existing specification detailing the electrical and physical parameters of the filter, ClearComm can provide a response based on completing the table below. Electrical and Mechanical Requirements Parameter Value Notes: Center Frequency Bandwidth Insertion Loss VSWR (Return Loss) Stopband Rejection(s) Power Handling Package Style Connectors Environmental and Mechanical Quantity Required Delivery Requirements (1) 6 (152) RG 188 Standard (2) Supplied with SMA Removable Connector For Bandpass Topologies, for Lowpass or Highpass this is the Cutoff frequency For Bandpass Only, Usually specified as the 3 db points At Center Frequency for Bandpass Filters, at 90% of Cutoff Frequency for Lowpass Filters and at 110% of Cutoff Frequency for Highpass Filters Typically 1.5:1 (14 db) Given as Attenuation and Frequency Typically 1-10 W Avg. See Outlines or provide drawing Blind Mate, Cable (1), RF PIN (2), SMA Female, SMA Male SMB Female, SMC Female, SMA Removable Surface Mount, Surface Mount Pins, Special You may specify Humidity, Shock, Vibration, Temperature Range, Altitude, Gross / Fine Leak, Etc. Please give range of quantities required Time frame for deliveries ClearComm Technologies, LLC 21 Discrete Element Filters

22 Relative Attenuation (db) For Bandwiths >7% Stopband Attenuation vs. Number of Sections N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 N=6 N=8 Ref 3 db Point Number of 3dB Bandwiths from Center Frequency Discrete Element Bandpass Filters Bandpass Filters Stopband Rejection and Attenuation The adjacent curves are used to determine the out-of-band or stopband attenuation for ClearComm s Discrete Element Bandpass Filters. These curves show the attenuation as multiples of the normalized stopband frequency to the 3 db bandwidth for filters up to 12 sections. For requirements with greater rejection needed, please contact the factory. These curves below show the stopband frequencies normalized to the 3 db bandwidth for filter designs of 2 to 8 sections. This ratio of stopband frequency to 3 db bandwidth is used to calculate the number of sections required. The curves show a slightly asymmetric frequency response resulting from the circuit used. Other schematics may be utilized to yield different attenuation characteristics (i.e. steeper on the high frequency side of the passband and shallower on the low side). Please note that the frequency response curves shown are based on a low ripple Chebyshev design. Exact performance is related directly to the unloaded Q, component selection and package size. If you have a critical parameter please contact the factory so full compliance may be assured. N=8 N=3 N=4 N=5 N=6 N=2 Example: A filter has a center frequency of 300 MHz and a 3 db bandwidth of 20 MHz. There is 35 db Rejection needed at 250 MHz and 60 db Rejection needed at 380 MHz. The percentage bandwidth is calculated as follows: 3 db Bandwidth / Center Frequency So %BW = 20 / 300 = 6.67% For the first stopband requirement, calculate the number of 3 db Bandwidths away from Center Frequency, We have: ( ) / 20 = 2.5 For the second stopband requirement, We have: ( ) / 20 = 4.0 Since our percentage bandwidth is >7% use the curve labled >7 %From the 7-50% bandwidth attenuation curve, we find that a minimum of 3 sections is required. The greater number of sections must be used to insure full specification compliance; therefore, a 5 section should be used. 22 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Discrete Element Filters/Bandpass

23 Example: Cutoff Frequency (f0) = 230 MHz 40 db attenuation required at 315 MHz We must first calculate the ration of the two frequencies: 315 / 230 = 1.37 We can see from the table above that to achieve 40 db attenuation at 1.37 away that we need a minimum of 5 sections. Always use the higher number of sections. Relative Attenuation (db) For Bandwiths <7% Stopband Attenuation vs. Number of Sections N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 Ref 3 db Point N=5 N=4 N=2 N=3 60 N=6 N=8 N=8 N=6 Insertion Loss Knowing the number of sections, center frequency and bandwidth of the filter, insertion loss may be calculated using the following formula: Number of 3dB Bandwiths from Center Frequency Loss Constant vs. Frequency Center Frequency Loss (MHz) Constant Loss Constant x (N-1.5) I.L. = % 3dB BW Example: 1. Percentage BW = 145 / 725 x 100 = 20% 2. LC from table = Number of Section = 7 I.L. = 6.8 x (7-1.5) = 1.87 db 20 ClearComm Technologies, LLC 23 Discrete Element Filters/Bandpass

24 Discrete Element Lowpass Filters Lowpass Filters Stopband Rejection and Attenuation The adjacent curves are used to determine the out-of-band or stopband attenuation for ClearComm s Discrete Element Lowpass Filters. These curves show the attenuation as multiples of the normalized stopband frequency to the 3 db cutoff frequency for filters up to 12 sections. For requirements with greater rejections needed, please contact the factory. The formula for approximate stopband attenuation: 3 db Bandwidths from Cutoff Frequency = Reject Frequency / Cutoff Frequency Relative Attenuation (db) Stopband Attenuation vs. Number of Sections Ref 3 db Point N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 N=6 N=7 N=8 N=10 N=12 Example: Cutoff Frequency (fc) = 230 MHz 40 db attenuation required at 315 MHz We must first calculate the ration of the two frequencies: 315 / 230 = 1.37 We can see from the table above that to achieve 40 db attenuation at 1.37 away that we need a minimum of 5 sections. Always use the higher number of sections. Insertion Loss Knowing the number of sections, the insertion loss may be calculated from the formula: Loss = 0.2 x N Ratio of Stopband to Cutoff Frequency Example: Number of sections = 9 Insertion Loss = 9 x 0.2 = 1.8 db Note: For Lowpass filters, insertion loss is calculated at 0.9 times the cutoff frequency 24 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Discrete Element Filters/Lowpass

25 Discrete Element Highpass Filters Highpass Filters Stopband Rejection and Attenuation The adjacent curves are used to determine the out-of-band or stopband attenuation for ClearComm s Discrete Element Highpass Filters. These curves show the attenuation as multiples of the normalized stopband frequency to the 3 db cutoff frequency for filters up to 12 sections. For requirements with greater rejections needed, please contact the factory. The formula for approximate stopband attenuation: 3 db Bandwidths from Cutoff Frequency = Reject Frequency / Cutoff Frequency Example: Cutoff Frequency (fc) = 1215 MHz 35 db attenuation required at 900 MHz We must first calculate the ration of the two frequencies: 900 / 1215 = 0.74 We can see from the table above that to achieve 35 db attenuation at 0.74 away that we need a minimum of 5 sections. Always use the higher number of sections. Relative Attenuation (db) Stopband Attenuation vs. Number of Sections N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 Ref 3 db Point N=6 N=7 N=8 N=10 N= Ratio of Stopband to Cutoff Frequency Insertion Loss Knowing the number of sections, the insertion loss may be calculated from the formula: Loss = 0.2 x N Example: Number of sections = 7 Insertion Loss = 7 x 0.2 = 1.4 db Note: For Highpass filters, insertion loss is calculated at 1.1 times the cutoff frequency ClearComm Technologies, LLC 25 Discrete Element Filters/Highpass

26 Discrete Element Filters Mechanical Mechanical The mechanical dimensions and mounting hole locations are dependent upon the design parameters specified by the customer. ClearComm Technologies offers a verity of industry standard package styles. Outline dimensions are shown for connectorized and PC Mount configurations. Dimensions for Package Styles 1 thru 4 Package Number of Height H Length L Style Sections Ins (mm) Ins (mm) (25.4) 2.38 (60.5) (25.4) 3.58 (90.9) (19.1) 2.38 (60.5) (19.1) 3.58 (90.9) (12.7) 2.38 (60.5) (12.7) 3.58 (90.9) Available Connectors for Discrete Element Filters Connector Type Length Ins (mm) Blind Mate 0.38 (9.6) Cable (1) (1) RF PIN (2) (2) SMA Female 0.38 (9.6) SMA Male 0.50 (12.7) SMB Female 0.38 (9.6) SMC Female 0.38 (9.6) SMA Removable 0.38 (9.6) Surface Mount Surface Mount - Pins (1) 6 (152) RG 188 Standard (2) Supplied with SMA Removable Connector 26 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Discrete Element Filters/Highpass

27 Package Style 1 PC Mount Package Style 1 SMA Connector Package Style 2, 3 & 4 PC Mount Package Style 2, 3 & 4 SMA Connector ClearComm Technologies, LLC 27 Discrete Element Filters/Outlines

28 Mechanical cont. Package Style 5 PC Mount Dimensions for Package Styles 5 thru 8 Package Number of Length L Style Sections Ins (mm) (76.2) (114) (19.0) (25.4) (38.1) (44.5) (50.8) Package Style 5 SMA Connector Package Style 6 PC Mount Package Style 7 PCMount 28 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Discrete Element Filters/Outlines

29 Package Style 7 SMA Connector Package Style 7 Surface Mount Package Style 8 PC Mount Package Style 8 SMA Mount Package Style 8 Surface Mount ClearComm Technologies, LLC 29 Discrete Element Filters/Outlines

30 Duplexer, Diplexers and RF Assemblies ClearComm Technologies produces a variety of products beyond what has been described in the previous sections. The line of products detailed in this catalog are only a sampling of our capabilities. Other products offered include: Notch Filters These devices reject (Notch) a specific band of frequencies while allowing frequencies below and above to pass. Notch Filters are useful for attenuating an interfering signal close by to a desired receive signal. Example The product pictured to the left is a Notch Filter that rejects 896 to 901 MHz while passing frequencies above and below that band. This part is used in applications where out-of-band spurious noise caused by a Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier interferes with a near by Receiver. Diplexers, Triplexers and Multiplexers These devices provide combining or separating of two or more signals. Depending on frequency, bandwidth and Power Handing Requirements they may be constructed as either Cavity or Discrete Element Filters. ClearComm will design these to meet your requirements. Example The product pictured is a Triplexer with bands center around 2.4 GHz This device allows the combining of multiple WiFi channels while rejecting near by interfering signals. 30 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Duplexer, Diplexers & RF Assemblies

31 Wireless Filters These products will usually be band specific devices. They may be Receive or Transmit Filters, Diplexers, Duplexers or RF Assemblies. ClearComm Technologies produces a full line of Wireless Filters for the following bands. 700 MHz (Lower Upper) 850 MHz (AMPS Band) 900 MHz (GSM Band) 1.7 GHz (AWS Band) 1.8 GHz (DCS Band) 1.9 GHz (PCS Band) 2.1 GHz (AWS) 2.4, 3.5, 5.8 GHz Bands (Multiple use) Please contact the factory for more information on these products. Example The product shown on the right is a Wireless Diplexer designed for combining the AWS and 1900 (PCS) Bands. This Diplexer is designed for outdoor use and is fully weatherized. Design criteria for this product necessitated that the Diplexer pass both the Receive portion of the AWS band, around 1700 MHz and the Transmit portion at 2100 MHz. The 1900 band (PCS) is located between the lower and upper AWS bands. The diplexer is actually internally Triplexed to perform this function. RF Assemblies ClearComm Technologies has the expertise to produce sophisticated RF Assemblies consisting of active and passive components. A few example may include: RF Couplers, Monitor Ports, Sniffers Hybrids and Combining Networks Low Noise Amplifiers Phase Shifters and Attenuators Example The device to the right is a Dual Duplexer Assembly consisting of two Receive Filters and a Transmit Filter. The first Receive Filter provides very sharp filter characteristics to reduce any spurious signals. The receive path is then recombined with the Transmit channel via a second Receive Filter. This unit is designed for outdoor use. ClearComm Technologies has developed these products and many others for use in extreme, outdoor environments. Whether your application is military, commercial or wireless, ClearComm has the experience to assure the survivability of this product, regardless of the environment. ClearComm Technologies, LLC 31 Duplexer, Diplexers & RF Assemblies

32 The mission of ClearComm Technologies is to help our customers dramatically improve their performance and system metrics by providing a reliable source of filter solutions. Our goal is to be the supplier of choice by providing technical solutions and superior service to our customers. Thank you for your business 32 ClearComm Technologies, LLC Mission Statement

33 Commercial, Military and Wireless filter products

34 Filters / Duplexers / Diplexers / RF Assemblies Commercial, Military and Wireless filter products Crown Road / Fruitland, MD Ph: Fax: sales@clearcommtech.com Website: