Smooth rotation. An adaptive algorithm kills jerky motions in motors.
|
|
- Ruby Lane
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Page 1 of 4 Copyright 2004 Penton Media, Inc., All rights reserved. Printing of this document is for personal use only. For reprints of this or other articles, click here Smooth rotation An adaptive algorithm kills jerky motions in motors. Boaz Kramer ACS Motion Control Inc. Plymouth, Minn. Edited by Robert Repas High-performance motion-control applications commonly use three-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motors, popularly known as brushless motors. These motors are typically operated by servodrives that deliver sinusoidal currents to produce a relatively smooth motion. However, brushless-motor shafts don't rotate smoothly. They experience a number of periodic disturbances from imperfections in motor structure and nonideal phase commutation. These disturbances create a certain amount of speed fluctuation, vibration, acoustic noise, and an excitation of lightly damped electrical resonances. Though small, the disturbances can introduce critical errors in applications that need smooth motion at low velocities such as for scanning and printing. Knowledge of the main contributors to these periodic disturbances reveals several methods for suppressing them. The most common brushless motors are rotary types with surface-mounted magnets. But most of the principles and methods apply to all brushless motors, including linear. There are five main sources for periodic disturbances, or torque ripples, in a brushless motor: cogging, dc offsets, back-emf harmonics, current harmonics, and phase/gain imbalances. Cogging is mainly caused by the slots in the stator combined with a nonuniform air gap. The permanent-magnet flux in the rotor creates a "cogging" torque as it seeks a path of minimum reluctance. The effect exists even when the drive is disabled. The level of the disturbance depends on design of the motor structure. Some motor structures generate little or no cogging action. But they are typically more expensive. Drives usually control two of the motor phases. Imperfections in the servodrive and current sensing circuitry formed by component tolerances produce dc offsets in one or both controlled phases. When the dc
2 Page 2 of 4 offset interacts with the permanent-magnet field of the motor, it gives rise to a periodic disturbance synchronized with the electrical angle of the motor. Manual offset compensation, usually available either at the drive or the controller, mitigates the offset to cancel the disturbance. However, in multidrive systems each drive needs its own compensation a rather tedious process. And even the best manual compensation cannot fully eliminate the problem. For example, thermal drift and component aging shifts the offset over time, necessitating periodic touch-ups. Drives with digital current loops, like the SPiiPlus CM from ACS Motion Control, produce significantly lower dc offsets. Compensation can take place automatically using a simple approach. The drive measures the phase currents for a zero reference as part of the drive-enable process. The measured values are then used for offset compensation. This kind of compensation is transparent to the user and significantly minimizes the associated disturbance. The electromagnetic torque of brushless motors results from an interaction between the motor current and its back-emf. Those used in high-performance motion applications are usually designed for sinusoidal back- EMF. This involves sinusoidal distribution of the armature windings, as well as specific shapes for the rotor and permanent magnets. A combination of sinusoidal supply currents and sinusoidal back-emf should ideally produce a smooth and ripple-free torque. Cogging action boosts position errors in motion-control systems shown by the position-error graph on the top. The harmonic gra on the bottom identifies specific bands of harmonic frequencie generated by motor cogging. The test system used an SpiiPlus controller by ACS Motion Control turning a motor at a slow but constant velocity of 1 rps (60 rpm). However, imperfections in the motor structure may give the magnetic flux linkage and its back-emf undesired high-order harmonics that create torque ripple. This ripple depends on the electrical angle of the motor and has a dominant sixth-order harmonic. Cheaper designs also involve high-order harmonics and the back-emf will not be perfectly sinusoidal. Common low-cost motors often have a so-called "trapezoidal back-emf." These motors are not designed to operate with sinusoidal currents and generate a relatively large torque ripple. It is incorrect to claim that these motors generate less torque ripple when operated with rectangular currents. Ideal rectangular phase commutation is not feasible. The back-emf waveform is typically not an ideal trapezoid shape. Sinusoidal commutation may exhibit nonideal characteristics as well. Currents may possess high-order harmonics that generate additional torque ripple. In particular, the currents in pulse-width-modulation (PWM) drives usually have high-frequency harmonics associated with switching that can appear in the motor torque. Fortunately, PWM switching frequencies are usually high so the harmonics have negligible effect on motion performance. It is important to note that the degree of torque disturbances caused by back-emf or current harmonics depends on the current amplitude. Unlike cogging or dc offsets, their effect is more pronounced when currents rise.
3 Page 3 of 4 The normal tolerance differences found in the phase windings and servodrive circuitry contribute to the torque ripple. Variations in phase impedance, currentcontrol circuitry, and the conduction ability of the power semiconductors create a current imbalance between the phases. The associated ripple depends on the electrical angle of the motor and mainly includes a second harmonic. If the motor and drive are in proper working order, the amplitude of this ripple is relatively small. However, ripple level rises with motor current. MINIMIZING THE DISTURBANCE There are several techniques available that reduce or even eliminate torque-ripple disturbances. The optimalcurrent method selectively eliminates torque-ripple harmonics by intentionally injecting high-order harmonics into the motor-current profile. The injected harmonics interact with the back-emf harmonics to generate ripple-free torque. The main disadvantage of this method is that it requires prior knowledge of the back-emf and other motor parameters. In addition, it involves a relatively complicated calculation that usually takes place off-line. For this reason, the method is impractical for many uses. It's definitely not usable in general-purpose motion controllers that can connect to many different motors. In addition, this method cannot eliminate cogging disturbances related to the mechanical angle of the motor rather than the electrical angle. A different method sometimes offered by motion controllers is feed-forward compensation: A selected number of sinusoidal signals are added to the drive output as feed-forward commands. Each command is founded on an integer multiple of the mechanical angle and has a constant amplitude. The latter assumption is not necessarily correct, but it is reasonable for many of the common disturbances. These two graphs (top and bottom) show the position error an harmonic content after an adaptive algorithm that compensates cogging action was added to the controller. The algorithm injec the compensation signal directly into the current command of th controller. As the graphs show, the algorithm reduces the amou of position error and the level of harmonics generated. Subseque testing indicated that the algorithm also minimizes the velocity ripple of the motor. The order of the major harmonic, amplitude, and phase are found by a simple experiment in which the motor moves at a relatively low velocity. It is assumed that the frequency of the major disturbances is low and well within the velocity loop bandwidth. The order, amplitude, and phase of the major torque harmonics are identified by analyzing the velocity loop output. Though the feed-forward method reduces torque ripple, it does have several disadvantages. It is complicated and tedious to manually set its parameters while handling only a limited number of harmonic disturbances. The technique does not take into account disturbances that vary as a function of the current amplitude; nor does it take into account the variance and time dependency of some of the disturbances. An adaptive cogging-compensation algorithm just recently developed overcomes most of the disadvantages mentioned above. It offers automatic and more effective compensation of multiple disturbance harmonics. The controller identifies major disturbance components by an iterative learning process that runs during homing of the system. The controller then injects a compensation signal into the command for current. The adaptive algorithm compensates for any time dependency or command dependency of the
4 Page 4 of 4 disturbances. The compensation is also active when the motor is in open-loop mode. The user can feel the effectiveness of the algorithm by rotating the motor shaft by hand. The shaft turns smoothly without any noticeable cogging action. MAKE CONTACT ACS Motion Control Inc., (763) , acsmotioncontrol.co The two oscilloscope traces (top and bottom) display the befor and after effects of feed-forward compensation used to reduce ripple effects. A rotary brushless motor connected to an ACS SPiiPlus motion controller was first accelerated in one direction held to a constant rpm, and then brought to a stop. The same profile was then executed with the motor turning in the opposit direction. The scope displays show the reference velocity, the actual velocity, and the position error of the motor with and without feed-forward compensation of the major disturbing harmonic. The scope shows that velocity ripple and the position error during the constant velocity phase are virtually undetectab when using compensation.
5 Page 1 of 1 SOURCES OF RIPPLE Ripple Source Contributor Pulsating frequency Cogging Motor Nslots f M Dc offsets in currents Drive f E Back-EMF harmonics Motor 6 f E Current harmonics Drive 6 f E Phase/gain imbalances Motor/drive 2 f E The table summarizes the most common ripple sources and their resulting periodic disturbances. In the table, f E is the electrical motor frequency, f M is the mechanical motor frequency equal to f E /p where p is the number of pole pairs, and Nslots is the number of stator slots. Calculating torque ripple Phase currents and back-emf shape the electromagnetic torque of servomotors. Their interaction is best expressed by the following equation: T = (i a e a + i b e b + i c e c )/w m where w m = motor velocity; i a, i b, and i c = motor-phase currents; and e a, e b, and e c = phase back- EMFs. If motor-phase currents and back-emfs were perfectly balanced, the motor would not exhibit any torque-ripple effect. Unfortunately, all motors possess small imperfections and thus generate torque harmonics. As an example, assume a motor has a Y-connection, a dc offset in one of the phases designated as I 0, and a gain imbalance signified by the factor k. At any given electrical angle θθ, the phase currents are: ia(θ) = I 0 + I 1 sinθ ; ib(θ) = I 1 (1 + k)sin (θ 2π/3); ic(θ) = i a (θ) i b (θ). In addition, the motor used in this example has nonsinusoidal backemf with additional third and fifth harmonics: ea(θ) = E 1 sin θ+ E 3 sin 5θ ; eb(θ) = E 1 sin (θ 2π /3) + E 3 sin 5(θ 2π /3); ec(θ) = E 1 sin (θ + 2π /3) + E 3 sin 5(θ + 2π /3). The three harmonics create a waveform that is nearly trapezoidal in shape. Substituting the second and third sets of equations into the first set gives the torque results for the motor that consists of: A dc component that mainly depends on the fundamental harmonics of the current and back- EMF: T0 = (3/2 w m ) I 1 E 1 ; A first-order torque harmonic that depends on the fundamental harmonic of the back-emf and the current offset: T1(θ) = (1.732/ w m ) I 0 E 1 cos(θ +π/3); A second harmonic that depends on the gain imbalance, k: T2(θ) = (1.732k/2 w m ) I 1 E 1 sin(2θ +π /3); And a sixth-order harmonic that depends on the fundamental harmonic of current and the fifth harmonic of the back EMF: T6(θ) = (3/2 w m ) I 1 E 5 cos 6θ. The other harmonic components are negligible, although it's interesting to note that the third harmonic of the back- EMF has almost no effect when the motor has a Y-connection.
ServoStep technology
What means "ServoStep" "ServoStep" in Ever Elettronica's strategy resumes seven keypoints for quality and performances in motion control applications: Stepping motors Fast Forward Feed Full Digital Drive
More informationActive Vibration Isolation of an Unbalanced Machine Tool Spindle
Active Vibration Isolation of an Unbalanced Machine Tool Spindle David. J. Hopkins, Paul Geraghty Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Ave, MS/L-792, Livermore, CA. 94550 Abstract Proper configurations
More informationLatest Control Technology in Inverters and Servo Systems
Latest Control Technology in Inverters and Servo Systems Takao Yanase Hidetoshi Umida Takashi Aihara. Introduction Inverters and servo systems have achieved small size and high performance through the
More informationStep vs. Servo Selecting the Best
Step vs. Servo Selecting the Best Dan Jones Over the many years, there have been many technical papers and articles about which motor is the best. The short and sweet answer is let s talk about the application.
More informationType of loads Active load torque: - Passive load torque :-
Type of loads Active load torque: - Active torques continues to act in the same direction irrespective of the direction of the drive. e.g. gravitational force or deformation in elastic bodies. Passive
More informationMotor-CAD Brushless PM motor Combined electromagnetic and thermal model (February 2015)
Motor-CAD Brushless PM motor Combined electromagnetic and thermal model (February 2015) Description The Motor-CAD allows the machine performance, losses and temperatures to be calculated for a BPM machine.
More informationElectromagnetic and thermal model for Brushless PM motors
22 December 2017 Motor-CAD Software Tutorial: Electromagnetic and thermal model for Brushless PM motors Contents 1. Description... 1 2. Model Definition... 2 3. Machine Geometry... 3 4. Winding Definition...
More informationA Comparative Study of Sinusoidal PWM and Space Vector PWM of a Vector Controlled BLDC Motor
A Comparative Study of Sinusoidal PWM and Space Vector PWM of a Vector Controlled BLDC Motor Lydia Anu Jose 1, K. B.Karthikeyan 2 PG Student, Dept. of EEE, Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology,
More informationSPEED CONTROL OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR USING VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTER
SPEED CONTROL OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR USING VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTER Kushal Rajak 1, Rajendra Murmu 2 1,2 Department of Electrical Engineering, B I T Sindri, (India) ABSTRACT This paper presents
More informationAnalog Devices: High Efficiency, Low Cost, Sensorless Motor Control.
Analog Devices: High Efficiency, Low Cost, Sensorless Motor Control. Dr. Tom Flint, Analog Devices, Inc. Abstract In this paper we consider the sensorless control of two types of high efficiency electric
More informationSYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES The geometry of a synchronous machine is quite similar to that of the induction machine. The stator core and windings of a three-phase synchronous machine are practically identical
More informationOptimizing Performance Using Slotless Motors. Mark Holcomb, Celera Motion
Optimizing Performance Using Slotless Motors Mark Holcomb, Celera Motion Agenda 1. How PWM drives interact with motor resistance and inductance 2. Ways to reduce motor heating 3. Locked rotor test vs.
More informationReduction of Torque Ripple in Trapezoidal PMSM using Multilevel Inverter
Reduction of Torque Ripple in Trapezoidal PMSM using Multilevel Inverter R.Ravichandran 1, S.Sivaranjani 2 P.G Student [PSE], Dept. of EEE, V.S.B. Engineering College, Karur, Tamilnadu, India 1 Assistant
More informationUNIT-III STATOR SIDE CONTROLLED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE
UNIT-III STATOR SIDE CONTROLLED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE 3.1 STATOR VOLTAGE CONTROL The induction motor 'speed can be controlled by varying the stator voltage. This method of speed control is known as stator
More information3.1.Introduction. Synchronous Machines
3.1.Introduction Synchronous Machines A synchronous machine is an ac rotating machine whose speed under steady state condition is proportional to the frequency of the current in its armature. The magnetic
More informationA COMPARISON STUDY OF THE COMMUTATION METHODS FOR THE THREE-PHASE PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR
A COMPARISON STUDY OF THE COMMUTATION METHODS FOR THE THREE-PHASE PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR Shiyoung Lee, Ph.D. Pennsylvania State University Berks Campus Room 120 Luerssen Building, Tulpehocken
More informationDesign of A Closed Loop Speed Control For BLDC Motor
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) ISSN (Online) 2319-183X, (Print) 2319-1821 Volume 3, Issue 11 (November 214), PP.17-111 Design of A Closed Loop Speed Control For BLDC
More informationSensorless control of BLDC motor based on Hysteresis comparator with PI control for speed regulation
Sensorless control of BLDC motor based on Hysteresis comparator with PI control for speed regulation Thirumoni.T 1,Femi.R 2 PG Student 1, Assistant Professor 2, Department of Electrical and Electronics
More informationUpgrading from Stepper to Servo
Upgrading from Stepper to Servo Switching to Servos Provides Benefits, Here s How to Reduce the Cost and Challenges Byline: Scott Carlberg, Motion Product Marketing Manager, Yaskawa America, Inc. The customers
More informationExtended Speed Current Profiling Algorithm for Low Torque Ripple SRM using Model Predictive Control
Extended Speed Current Profiling Algorithm for Low Torque Ripple SRM using Model Predictive Control Siddharth Mehta, Md. Ashfanoor Kabir and Iqbal Husain FREEDM Systems Center, Department of Electrical
More informationPART 2 - ACTUATORS. 6.0 Stepper Motors. 6.1 Principle of Operation
6.1 Principle of Operation PART 2 - ACTUATORS 6.0 The actuator is the device that mechanically drives a dynamic system - Stepper motors are a popular type of actuators - Unlike continuous-drive actuators,
More informationPerformance Optimization Using Slotless Motors and PWM Drives
Motion Control Performance Optimization Using Slotless Motors and PWM Drives TN-93 REV 1781 Section 1: Abstract Smooth motion, meaning very low position and current loop error while at speed, is critical
More informationDesigning With Motion Handbook
Designing With Motion Handbook Chapter IV Brush There are many different types of systems that can use manyy different types of motor such as BLDC, Brush, Stepper, Hollow Core, etc. But for this write-up,
More informationMSK4310 Demonstration
MSK4310 Demonstration The MSK4310 3 Phase DC Brushless Speed Controller hybrid is a complete closed loop velocity mode controller for driving a brushless motor. It requires no external velocity feedback
More informationDetect stepper motor stall with back EMF technique (Part 1)
Detect stepper motor stall with back EMF technique (Part 1) Learn about this method that takes advantage of constant motor parameters and overcomes limitations of traditional stall detection of current
More informationPerformance evaluation of fractional-slot tubular permanent magnet machines with low space harmonics
ARCHIVES OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DOI 10.1515/aee-2015-0049 VOL. 64(4), pp. 655-668 (2015) Performance evaluation of fractional-slot tubular permanent magnet machines with low space harmonics Jiabin Wang
More informationContents. About the Authors. Abbreviations and Symbols
About the Authors Preface Abbreviations and Symbols xi xiii xv 1 Principal Laws and Methods in Electrical Machine Design 1 1.1 Electromagnetic Principles 1 1.2 Numerical Solution 9 1.3 The Most Common
More informationDigital PWM Techniques and Commutation for Brushless DC Motor Control Applications: Review
Digital PWM Techniques and Commutation for Brushless DC Motor Control Applications: Review Prof. S.L. Tade 1, Ravindra Sor 2 & S.V. Kinkar 3 Professor, Dept. of E&TC, PCCOE, Pune, India 1 Scientist, ARDE-DRDO,
More informationSPEED CONTROL OF SENSORLESS BLDC MOTOR WITH FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL
ISSN: 2349-2503 SPEED CONTROL OF SENSORLESS BLDC MOTOR WITH FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL JMuthupandi 1 DCitharthan 2 MVaratharaj 3 1 (UG Scholar/EEE department/ Christ the king engg college/ Coimbatore/India/
More informationComputer Numeric Control
Computer Numeric Control TA202A 2017-18(2 nd ) Semester Prof. J. Ramkumar Department of Mechanical Engineering IIT Kanpur Computer Numeric Control A system in which actions are controlled by the direct
More informationEfficiency Optimized Brushless DC Motor Drive. based on Input Current Harmonic Elimination
Efficiency Optimized Brushless DC Motor Drive based on Input Current Harmonic Elimination International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS) Vol. 6, No. 4, December 2015, pp. 869~875
More informationChuck Raskin P.E. Principle R&D Engineer. Blaine, MN USA
Chuck Raskin P.E. Principle R&D Engineer Chuck.Raskin@q.com CMPL-ENGINEERING.com FOR AEROSPACE & AUTOMATION SOLUTIONS Blaine, MN 55434 USA Dynamics of BLDC Motor & Drive Design 1. Control Loops & Commutation
More informationA Practical Primer On Motor Drives (Part 13): Motor Drive Control Architectures And Algorithms
ISSUE: February 2017 A Practical Primer On Motor Drives (Part 13): Motor Drive Control Architectures And Algorithms by Ken Johnson, Teledyne LeCroy, Chestnut Ridge, N.Y. Part 12 began the explanation of
More informationAnalysis of Indirect Temperature-Rise Tests of Induction Machines Using Time Stepping Finite Element Method
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, VOL. 16, NO. 1, MARCH 2001 55 Analysis of Indirect Temperature-Rise Tests of Induction Machines Using Time Stepping Finite Element Method S. L. Ho and W. N. Fu Abstract
More informationL E C T U R E R, E L E C T R I C A L A N D M I C R O E L E C T R O N I C E N G I N E E R I N G
P R O F. S L A C K L E C T U R E R, E L E C T R I C A L A N D M I C R O E L E C T R O N I C E N G I N E E R I N G G B S E E E @ R I T. E D U B L D I N G 9, O F F I C E 0 9-3 1 8 9 ( 5 8 5 ) 4 7 5-5 1 0
More informationFeedback Devices. By John Mazurkiewicz. Baldor Electric
Feedback Devices By John Mazurkiewicz Baldor Electric Closed loop systems use feedback signals for stabilization, speed and position information. There are a variety of devices to provide this data, such
More informationCHAPTER 2 CURRENT SOURCE INVERTER FOR IM CONTROL
9 CHAPTER 2 CURRENT SOURCE INVERTER FOR IM CONTROL 2.1 INTRODUCTION AC drives are mainly classified into direct and indirect converter drives. In direct converters (cycloconverters), the AC power is fed
More informationFuzzy Logic Controller Based Direct Torque Control of PMBLDC Motor
Fuzzy Logic Controller Based Direct Torque Control of PMBLDC Motor Madasamy P 1, Ramadas K 2, Nagapriya S 3 1, 2, 3 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar College of Engineering
More informationNoise and Vibration in PM Motors Sources and Remedies
Noise and Vibration in PM Motors Sources and Remedies 1 A typical Rubber Ferrite Magnet Iso / Anisotropic Iso Iso Remanence Coercive Force Intrinsic Coercive Force Max. Energy Product Br Hcb Hcj (BH)max
More informationCHAPTER 6 BRIDGELESS PFC CUK CONVERTER FED PMBLDC MOTOR
105 CHAPTER 6 BRIDGELESS PFC CUK CONVERTER FED PMBLDC MOTOR 6.1 GENERAL The line current drawn by the conventional diode rectifier filter capacitor is peaked pulse current. This results in utility line
More information3. What is the difference between Switched Reluctance motor and variable reluctance stepper motor?(may12)
EE6703 SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES UNIT III SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR PART A 1. What is switched reluctance motor? The switched reluctance motor is a doubly salient, singly excited motor. This means that
More informationBLDC TORQUE RIPPLE MINIMIZATION USING MODIFIED STAIRCASE PWM
BLDC TORQUE RIPPLE MINIMIZATION USING MODIFIED STAIRCASE PWM M. Senthil Raja and B. Geethalakshmi Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry, India E-Mail: muthappa.senthil@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This paper
More informationInternational Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development. PI Controller for Switched Reluctance Motor
Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 4.14 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development Volume 3, Issue 5, May -216 PI Controller for Switched Reluctance Motor Dr Mrunal
More informationDC-Voltage fluctuation elimination through a dc-capacitor current control for PMSG under unbalanced grid voltage conditions
DC-Voltage fluctuation elimination through a dc-capacitor current control for PMSG under unbalanced grid voltage conditions P Kamalchandran 1, A.L.Kumarappan 2 PG Scholar, Sri Sairam Engineering College,
More informationCHAPTER 2 D-Q AXES FLUX MEASUREMENT IN SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
22 CHAPTER 2 D-Q AXES FLUX MEASUREMENT IN SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES 2.1 INTRODUCTION For the accurate analysis of synchronous machines using the two axis frame models, the d-axis and q-axis magnetic characteristics
More informationMitigation of Cross-Saturation Effects in Resonance-Based Sensorless Switched Reluctance Drives
Mitigation of Cross-Saturation Effects in Resonance-Based Sensorless Switched Reluctance Drives K.R. Geldhof, A. Van den Bossche and J.A.A. Melkebeek Department of Electrical Energy, Systems and Automation
More informationBLDC Motor Drive with Power Factor Correction Using PWM Rectifier
BLDC Motor Drive with Power Factor Correction Using PWM Rectifier P. Sarala, S.F. Kodad and B. Sarvesh Abstract Major constraints while using motor drive system are efficiency and cost. Commutation in
More informationReview article regarding possibilities for speed adjustment at reluctance synchronous motors
Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 03; (4): 85-89 Published online October 0, 03 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/jeee) doi: 0.648/j.jeee.03004.4 Review article regarding possibilities
More informationSPEED CONTROL OF BRUSHLES DC MOTOR
SPEED CONTROL OF BRUSHLES DC MOTOR Kajal D. Parsana 1, Prof. H.M. Karkar 2, Prof. I.N. Trivedi 3 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Atmiya Institute of Technology & Science, Rajkot, India. kajal.parsana@gmail.com
More informationApplication Note #2442
Application Note #2442 Tuning with PL and PID Most closed-loop servo systems are able to achieve satisfactory tuning with the basic Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) tuning parameters. However,
More informationOPTIMUM DESIGN ASPECTS OF A POWER AXIAL FLUX PMSM
OPTIMUM DESIGN ASPECTS OF A POWER AXIAL FLUX PMSM PAUL CURIAC 1 Key words: High-energy permanent magnets, Permanent magnet synchronous machines, Finite element method analysis. The paper presents an axial
More informationPerformance Enhancement of Sensorless Control of Z-Source Inverter Fed BLDC Motor
IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering Volume 1 Issue 11 May 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-784X Performance Enhancement of Sensorless Control of Z-Source Inverter Fed BLDC Motor K.
More informationSynchronous Machines Study Material
Synchronous machines: The machines generating alternating emf from the mechanical input are called alternators or synchronous generators. They are also known as AC generators. All modern power stations
More informationControl of Electric Machine Drive Systems
Control of Electric Machine Drive Systems Seung-Ki Sul IEEE 1 PRESS к SERIES I 0N POWER ENGINEERING Mohamed E. El-Hawary, Series Editor IEEE PRESS WILEY A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Contents
More informationVolume 1, Number 1, 2015 Pages Jordan Journal of Electrical Engineering ISSN (Print): , ISSN (Online):
JJEE Volume, Number, 2 Pages 3-24 Jordan Journal of Electrical Engineering ISSN (Print): 249-96, ISSN (Online): 249-969 Analysis of Brushless DC Motor with Trapezoidal Back EMF using MATLAB Taha A. Hussein
More informationA VARIABLE SPEED PFC CONVERTER FOR BRUSHLESS SRM DRIVE
A VARIABLE SPEED PFC CONVERTER FOR BRUSHLESS SRM DRIVE Mrs. M. Rama Subbamma 1, Dr. V. Madhusudhan 2, Dr. K. S. R. Anjaneyulu 3 and Dr. P. Sujatha 4 1 Professor, Department of E.E.E, G.C.E.T, Y.S.R Kadapa,
More informationGenerator Advanced Concepts
Generator Advanced Concepts Common Topics, The Practical Side Machine Output Voltage Equation Pitch Harmonics Circulating Currents when Paralleling Reactances and Time Constants Three Generator Curves
More informationCHAPTER-III MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PMBLDC MOTOR DRIVE
CHAPTER-III MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PMBLDC MOTOR DRIVE 3.1 GENERAL The PMBLDC motors used in low power applications (up to 5kW) are fed from a single-phase AC source through a diode bridge rectifier
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF A SILENT BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVE. S. Camilleri, D. Patterson & H. Pullen
DEVELOPMENT OF A SILENT BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVE S. Camilleri, D. Patterson & H. Pullen NT Centre for Energy Research, Australian CRC for Renewable Energy Northern Territory University Darwin, N.T. 0909
More informationCHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
20 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 INTRODUCTION The two major challenges on which the improvements required for the permanent magnet brushless DC motor drive systems are: a) Harmonics present in the voltage
More informationTHE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. EECE 365: Applied Electronics and Electromechanics
THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EECE 365: Applied Electronics and Electromechanics Final Exam / Sample-Practice Exam Spring 2008 April 23 Topics Covered:
More informationCHAPTER 2 STATE SPACE MODEL OF BLDC MOTOR
29 CHAPTER 2 STATE SPACE MODEL OF BLDC MOTOR 2.1 INTRODUCTION Modelling and simulation have been an essential part of control system. The importance of modelling and simulation is increasing with the combination
More informationDESIGN OF A VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED PFC CUK CONVERTER-BASED PMBLDCM DRIVE for FAN
DESIGN OF A VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED PFC CUK CONVERTER-BASED PMBLDCM DRIVE for FAN RAJESH.R PG student, ECE Department Anna University Chennai Regional Center, Coimbatore Tamilnadu, India Rajesh791096@gmail.com
More informationNumerical Analysis of a Flux-Reversal Machine with 4-Switch Converters
Journal of Magnetics 17(2), 124-128 (2012) http://dx.doi.org/10.4283/jmag.2012.17.2.124 Numerical Analysis of a Flux-Reversal Machine with 4-Switch Converters Byoung-Kuk Lee 1 and Tae Heoung Kim 2 * 1
More informationPermanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control with Speed Feedback Using a Resolver
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control with Speed Feedback Using a Resolver I Nagulapati Kiran, II Anitha Nair AS, III D. Sri Lakshmi I,II,III Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, ANITS, Visakhapatnam,
More informationSelected Problems of Induction Motor Drives with Voltage Inverter and Inverter Output Filters
9 Selected Problems of Induction Motor Drives with Voltage Inverter and Inverter Output Filters Drives and Filters Overview. Fast switching of power devices in an inverter causes high dv/dt at the rising
More informationA Novel Harmonics-Free Fuzzy Logic based Controller Design for Switched Reluctance Motor Drive
International Journal of Electrical Engineering. ISSN 0974-2158 Volume 5, Number 3 (2012), pp. 351-358 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com A Novel Harmonics-Free Fuzzy Logic
More informationINDUCTION MOTOR FAULT DIAGNOSTICS USING FUZZY SYSTEM
INDUCTION MOTOR FAULT DIAGNOSTICS USING FUZZY SYSTEM L.Kanimozhi 1, Manimaran.R 2, T.Rajeshwaran 3, Surijith Bharathi.S 4 1,2,3,4 Department of Mechatronics Engineering, SNS College Technology, Coimbatore,
More informationMotor Repair Electrical Engineering Maintenance
46 Motor Repair Electrical Engineering Maintenance The -Class Facilitate complicated things Tester for checking shaft encoders... 48 www.schleich.com 47 The -Class Tester for checking shaft encoders Ethernet
More informationCURRENT FOLLOWER APPROACH BASED PI AND FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLERS FOR BLDC MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM FED FROM CUK CONVERTER
CURRENT FOLLOWER APPROACH BASED PI AND FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLERS FOR BLDC MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM FED FROM CUK CONVERTER N. Mohanraj and R. Sankaran Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy University,
More informationEE 560 Electric Machines and Drives. Autumn 2014 Final Project. Contents
EE 560 Electric Machines and Drives. Autumn 2014 Final Project Page 1 of 53 Prof. N. Nagel December 8, 2014 Brian Howard Contents Introduction 2 Induction Motor Simulation 3 Current Regulated Induction
More informationCONTROL OF A BRUSHLESS PERMANENT MAGNET MACHINE USING AN INTEGRATED TORQUE SENSOR IN PLACE OF A ROTOR POSITION SENSOR
CONTROL OF A BRUSHLESS PERMANENT MAGNET MACHINE USING AN INTEGRATED TORQUE SENSOR IN PLACE OF A ROTOR POSITION SENSOR A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
More informationUNIT II MEASUREMENT OF POWER & ENERGY
UNIT II MEASUREMENT OF POWER & ENERGY Dynamometer type wattmeter works on a very simple principle which is stated as "when any current carrying conductor is placed inside a magnetic field, it experiences
More informationControl Strategies for BLDC Motor
Control Strategies for BLDC Motor Pritam More 1, V.M.Panchade 2 Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, G. H. Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pune, Savitribai Phule Pune University,
More informationCHAPTER 6 CURRENT REGULATED PWM SCHEME BASED FOUR- SWITCH THREE-PHASE BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVE
125 CHAPTER 6 CURRENT REGULATED PWM SCHEME BASED FOUR- SWITCH THREE-PHASE BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVE 6.1 INTRODUCTION Permanent magnet motors with trapezoidal back EMF and sinusoidal back EMF have several
More informationSensorless Control of BLDC Motor Drive Fed by Isolated DC-DC Converter
Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor Drive Fed by Isolated DC-DC Converter Sonia Sunny, Rajesh K PG Student, Department of EEE, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Kottayam, India 1 Asst. Prof, Department
More informationSpeed control of sensorless BLDC motor with two side chopping PWM
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-issn: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 6, Issue 3 (May. - Jun. 2013), PP 16-20 Speed control of sensorless BLDC motor with two side
More informationCONVERTERS IN POWER VOLTAGE-SOURCED SYSTEMS. Modeling, Control, and Applications IEEE UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEK HANNOVER. Amirnaser Yazdani.
VOLTAGE-SOURCED CONVERTERS IN POWER SYSTEMS Modeling, Control, and Applications Amirnaser Yazdani University of Western Ontario Reza Iravani University of Toronto r TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEK
More informationROTOR FLUX VECTOR CONTROL TRACKING FOR SENSORLESS INDUCTION MOTOR
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 4, April-2016 668 ROTOR FLUX VECTOR CONTROL TRACKING FOR SENSORLESS INDUCTION MOTOR Fathima Farook 1, Reeba Sara Koshy 2 Abstract
More informationMOTION CONTROL OF LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS WITH FORCE RIPPLE COMPENSATION USING CURRENT SHAPING. Christof Röhrig Andreas Jochheim
Copyright 22 IFAC 15th Triennial World Congress, Barcelona, Spain MOTION CONTROL OF LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS WITH FORCE RIPPLE COMPENSATION USING CURRENT SHAPING Christof Röhrig Andreas Jochheim Department
More informationInfluence Caused by Harmonic and Filtering Methods of Synchronous Generator in Short-capacity System
Energy and Power Engineering, 2013, 5, 1083-1088 doi:10.4236/epe.2013.54b206 Published Online July 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/epe) nfluence Caused by Harmonic and Filtering Methods of Synchronous
More informationEstimation of Vibrations in Switched Reluctance Motor Drives
American Journal of Applied Sciences 2 (4): 79-795, 2005 ISS 546-9239 Science Publications, 2005 Estimation of Vibrations in Switched Reluctance Motor Drives S. Balamurugan and R. Arumugam Power System
More informationDigital Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Digital Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Jayasri R. Nair 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, Rajagiri School Of Engineering and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India 1 ABSTRACT: The principle
More informationVoltage mode stepper motor control. Smooth stepper motor driving
Voltage mode stepper motor control Smooth stepper motor driving Microstepping in stepper motors 2 The microstepping driving of the stepper motors is based on the following principle: Appling two sinusoidal
More informationTORQUE PULSATIONS MINIMIZATION IN PM SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVE. QIAN WEIZHE B. Eng.
TORQUE PULSATIONS MINIMIZATION IN PM SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVE QIAN WEIZHE B. Eng. A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
More informationDesigning An Efficient Three Phase Brushless Dc Motor Fuzzy Control Systems (BLDCM)
Designing An Efficient Three Phase Brushless Dc Motor Fuzzy Control Systems (BLDCM) Rafid Ali Ridha Ibrahim Department of Physics University of Kirkuk /College of Science Kirkuk, Iraq ibrahim_aslanuz@yahoo.com
More informationUser Guide IRMCS3041 System Overview/Guide. Aengus Murray. Table of Contents. Introduction
User Guide 0607 IRMCS3041 System Overview/Guide By Aengus Murray Table of Contents Introduction... 1 IRMCF341 Application Circuit... 2 Sensorless Control Algorithm... 4 Velocity and Current Control...
More informationCHAPTER 3 VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTER (VSI)
37 CHAPTER 3 VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTER (VSI) 3.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter presents speed and torque characteristics of induction motor fed by a new controller. The proposed controller is based on fuzzy
More informationPWM SWITCHING STRATEGY FOR TORQUE RIPPLE MINIMIZATION IN BLDC MOTOR
Journal of ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, VOL. 62, NO. 3, 2011, 141 146 PWM SWITCHING STRATEGY FOR TORQUE RIPPLE MINIMIZATION IN BLDC MOTOR Wael A. Salah Dahaman Ishak Khaleel J. Hammadi This paper describes
More informationPage ENSC387 - Introduction to Electro-Mechanical Sensors and Actuators: Simon Fraser University Engineering Science
Motor Driver and Feedback Control: The feedback control system of a dc motor typically consists of a microcontroller, which provides drive commands (rotation and direction) to the driver. The driver is
More informationGeneralized Theory Of Electrical Machines
Essentials of Rotating Electrical Machines Generalized Theory Of Electrical Machines All electrical machines are variations on a common set of fundamental principles, which apply alike to dc and ac types,
More informationMINIMISATION OF TORQUE RIPPLE-INDUCED ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS IN PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS
MINIMISATION OF TORQUE RIPPLE-INDUCED ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS IN PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS Damien Hill A thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering
More informationBasic NC and CNC. Dr. J. Ramkumar Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Micro machining Lab, I.I.T. Kanpur
Basic NC and CNC Dr. J. Ramkumar Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Micro machining Lab, I.I.T. Kanpur Micro machining Lab, I.I.T. Kanpur Outline 1. Introduction to CNC machine 2. Component
More informationPower Factor Improvement with Single Phase Diode Rectifier in Interior Permanent Magnet Motor
Power Factor Improvement with Single Phase Diode Rectifier in Interior Permanent Magnet Motor G.Sukant 1, N.Jayalakshmi 2 PG Student Shri Andal Alagar college of Engineering, Tamilnadu, India 1 PG Student,
More informationFundamentals of Servo Motion Control
Fundamentals of Servo Motion Control The fundamental concepts of servo motion control have not changed significantly in the last 50 years. The basic reasons for using servo systems in contrast to open
More informationCode No: R Set No. 1
Code No: R05310204 Set No. 1 III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions
More informationThis is a repository copy of Permanent-magnet brushless machines with unequal tooth widths and similar slot and pole numbers.
This is a repository copy of Permanent-magnet brushless machines with unequal tooth widths and similar slot and pole numbers. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/862/
More informationThree Phase Induction Motor Drive Using Single Phase Inverter and Constant V/F method
Three Phase Induction Motor Drive Using Single Phase Inverter and Constant V/F method Nitin Goel 1, Shashi yadav 2, Shilpa 3 Assistant Professor, Dept. of EE, YMCA University of Science & Technology, Faridabad,
More informationElements of Haptic Interfaces
Elements of Haptic Interfaces Katherine J. Kuchenbecker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania kuchenbe@seas.upenn.edu Course Notes for MEAM 625, University
More informationTRACK VOLTAGE APPROACH USING CONVENTIONAL PI AND FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER FOR PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM FED BY CUK CONVERTER
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 9, Issue 12, December 2018, pp. 778 786, Article ID: IJMET_09_12_078 Available online at http://www.ia aeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?jtype=ijmet&vtype=
More information