Internet of Things and smart mobility. Dr. Martin Donoval POWERTEC ltd. Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

Transcription

1 Internet of Things and smart mobility Dr. Martin Donoval POWERTEC ltd. Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

2 the development story of IoT on the ground IoT in the air

3 What is IoT? The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring or human-to-computer interaction. Before: Now: Internet of People Internet of Things

4 History 1990s - first LPWANs (e.g. AlarmNet) 2010s - need to connect thousands of low-data rate low-power devices (industrial, medical,...) to the Internet Sigfox (2012), LoRaWAN (2015), NB-IoT (2016), LTE-cat M (2017), 5G (??) the Internet of Things will be the largest device market in the world. It is estimated that yet by 2020 it will be more than double the size of the smartphone, PC, tablet, connected car, and the wearable market combined

5 Drivers and drawbacks of IoT Advantages Long range Low-power Robustness Price 10,000s of devices per access point Disadvantages Low data rate Security Duty cycle restrictions in ISM band Trade-off between data rate, range and power consumption Interference between LPWANs

6 IoT on the ground Parking sensor Target: inexpensive, fully integrated solution for use in the roadway, fully compatible with LPWAN radio technology to enable long range and low power consumption. Low-cost IoT solution for parking Low power consumption Long-life battery Super-easy installation Full integration into surface No need for demanding installation infrastructure

7 IoT on the ground Installation and design challenges Compact size, easy installation Long battery life Wide temperature range Waterproof Reliable vehicle detection Magnetic sensitivity Sample rate Signal processing Wireless transmission from under the ground level even with a vehicle parked above User interface during installation Hermetic casing -polyethylene tube casing with welded caps MEMS magnetic field sensor High energy density, temperature stability Custom designed directional patch antenna Activation by daylight, LED signalization

8 IoT on the ground Device evolution + Small diameter + Simple design - Insufficient battery life at higher sample rates - Step down converter does not compensate battery voltage drop - Weak wireless signal with onboard antenna (on the rear side of PCB) + Matched antenna = better signal + Added buck/boost converter for radio = compensated voltage drop + Added low power LDO for MCU and magnetometer + Larger battery capacity - Vehicle detection from adjacent parking spots - Weak signal Translucent cap PCB Ceramic patch antenna + Magnetometer moved to bottom of PCB = less false detections from adjacent spots + Powerful directional antenna + More precise magnetometer + Better signal processing algorithm - Slightly larger diameter of cap mah Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

9 IoT on the ground The ease of installation Optimal positioning of parking sensor Filling of the opening with the polyurethane sealant

10 IoT on the ground Dimensions Power supply Protection / Detection Mounting Operating temperature Operating frequency Expected lifetime Technical specification 35 mm diameter / 160 mm height Built-in Lithium batteries; 3,6V; mah Waterproof IP68 / Magnetic Fully hidden in the floor -30 to +80 C LoRa / Sigfox 868 MHz > 7 years

11 Variometer - be effective and visible Target: small and cost effective vario-altimeter solution for paragliding and hang-gliding pilots (of unnamed aerial vehicles UAV), full onboard computer, staying visible to other pilots, provide new network functionalities Low power consumption Trans-reflexive display Network connection Intuitive use Small size IoT in the air

12 IoT in the air Variometer - be effective and visible FLARM (2004) Used for - General aviation, small powered aircrafts - Helicopters - Gliders - primary platform - Hang gliders / paragliders as beacons only Features - Traffic awareness - Collision avoidance - Obstacle database - Track logging Technology MHz nrf905 - range 3km (10km PowerFLARM) - transmit device address, position, altitude and vertical speed - encrypted proprietary protocol FANET - Flying Ad-hoc (IoT) Network (2015) Used primary for - Hang Gliders - Paragliders Airborne usage - Traffic awareness - Live tracking - Emergency transmitter - Messaging Ground usage - Internet gateways - Weather info from automated stations - Landmarks and landing patterns Technology - 868/915 MHz sx multi-hop ad hoc network - transmit device address, position, altitude, speed, climb, turn rate... - free and open protocol

13 OGN - Open Glider network (2015) Unified tracking platform - collecting data from own SDR stations and other data sources Support - FLARM - OGN trackers - PilotAware - SPOT - FANET - Spidertracks Technology MHz - rfm69w IoT in the air Variometer - be effective and visible

14 IoT in the air Variometer IoT ready Compact variometer Precise climb rate GPS logging Simple navigation Bluetooth connectivity for telemetry transfer Wind speed and direction calculations Customisable screens IoT oriented design FANET, FLARM, OGN Connection of smart-phone to server platform for telemetry posting Posting of flying conditions thermals, air columns Platform calculation for information sharing to other pilots Receiving data and providing direction and calculation to desired coordinates

15 With the IoT, we re headed to a world where things aren t liable to break catastrophically (Scott Weiss) Dr. Martin Donoval, martin.donoval@powertec.sk