5G NR: Key Features and Enhancements An overview of 5G NR key technical features and enhancements for massive MIMO, mmwave, etc.

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1 5G NR: Key Features and Enhancements An overview of 5G NR key technical features and enhancements for massive MIMO, mmwave, etc. Yinan Qi Samsung Electronics R&D Institute UK, Staines, Middlesex TW18 4QE, UK 18th September, CW TEC The inevitable automation of Next Generation Networks

2 Outline 5G NR Phase I overview: timeline, spectrum and use cases. Key features and enhancements Flexibility o Numerology o Frame structure Millimetre wave o Beam management o Massive MIMO o Phase tracking UE specific design o Bandwidth part (BWP) o Reference signal design 5G NR Phase II overview: SID/WID, enhancements, etc. 2

3 5G NR Phase I: Timeline Much faster than 4G: 48 months 27 months 5G NR timeline 3GPP Rel-14: focuses on 4G LTE upgrades but a starting point for 5G NR phase I 3GPP Rel-15: dedicated to building the world s first global 5G standards 3GPP Rel-16: maintenance of 5G NR phase I features and phase II enhancements 3

4 5G NR Phase I: Spectrum A wide range of frequency bands: both below and above 6 GHz Below 6 GHZ: 2.5 and 3.5 GHz with wider bandwidth Above 6 GHz (millimetre wave): ultra-high frequency bands like 28GHz and 39GHz are required for 5G standards to provide high speed data transmission. Each country has its own rules and allocation policies: bands ranging from a few hundred MHz to 1GHz. Licensed/Shared/Unlicensed bands. 4

5 5G NR Phase I: Use Cases HD video: more than 40 times faster downloading speed Autonomous vehicles: emergency brake distance reduced 2.8 cm IoT devices: 100,000 1,000,000 Enhanced Mobile Broadband (embb): exceptionally fast data speeds Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC): real-time services that require extremely low latency and prompt responses Massive Machine-Type Communications (mmtc): million homes and industrial IoT devices within 1 km2 can be connected 5

6 5G NR Flexibility: Numerology Scalable numerology Numerology parameters: Subcarrier Spacing o o o Cyclic Prefix o 15 khz to 60 khz for below 6 GHz 60 khz to 120 khz for above 6 GHz 240 khz for synchronization 60 khz can be configured with extended CP Larger subcarrier spacing for above 6 GHz Latency: shorter symbol duration ICI: phase noise f = 2 15[kHz] Support multiplexing of different numerologies 6

7 5G NR Flexibility: Frame Structure Length of one radio frame is fixed to 10ms and the length of 1 subframe is fixed to 1ms. Different Numerologies will be then translated in the number of slots per sub-frame: higher the Subcarrier spacing higher the number of slots per sub-frame. Slot: 14 OFDM symbols 15 khz: 1 slot per subframe 30 khz: 2 slots per subframe 60 khz: 4 slots per subframe 120 khz: 8 slots per subframe Two slot configurations: Slot configuration 0: 14 OFDM symbols, applied to all numerologies Slot configuration 1: containing 7, 4 or 2 OFDM symbols, applied only for certain numerologies. 15 khz 30 khz 60 khz 120 khz 1 Slot, 14 Symbols, Slot duration 1 ms 1 Slot, 14 Symbols, Slot duration 0.5 ms 1 Slot, 14 Symbols, Slot duration 0.25 ms 1 Slot, 14 Symbols, Slot duration ms Subframe (1ms) 7

8 5G NR Millimetre Wave: Beamforming High frequency bands: small coverage and low penetration rate. Beamforming Strong concentrated signals in one particular direction Enables mmwave frequencies to travel far with less interference from other signals. More the antenna elements sharper the beam shape concentrated energy. 8

9 5G NR Millimetre Wave: Beam Management A significant challenge: beam paring between the base stations and UEs, especially for fast-moving UEs Beam management Objective: establish and retain a suitable beam pair, i.e., beam direction of the transmitter and beam direction of the receiver jointly aligned DL BM as focus of Rel-15 o o o P-1 : Beam Selection for TRP Tx/UE Rx. P-2 : Beam Reselection(Beam Change) for TRP Tx beam. P-3 : Beam Reselection(Beam Change) for UE Rx beam. UL BM: U1/2/3 9

10 5G NR Millimetre Wave: Beam Management General procedure Beam measurement: RSRP Beam reporting Initial beam establishment A beam pair is initially established in the DL and UL transmission directions. Beam sweeping: associate synchronization signal with different beams Wider beam/coverage Beam adjustment After initial beam pair establishment Re-evaluate the beam pair due to movements/rotations Refinement of the beam shape using CSI-RS for data transmission narrow beam Beam sweeping Beam adjustment 10

11 5G NR Massive MIMO From 2/4/8 to massive number of antennas, e.g., 256 or 1024 mmwave antennas with smaller antenna size Main benefits Capacity gains Spectral efficiency Energy efficiency Support up to 8 layers for SU-MIMO and up to 12 layers for MU-MIMO More accurate CSI feedback: type I and type II CSI UL supports both CB and NCB

12 5G NR Massive MIMO: CSI Type I CSI: Different codebooks assuming different antenna configurations. Type I single-panel CSI o Single panel with N 1 N 2 cross-polarized antenna elements o Precoding matrix can be expressed as the production of long-term frequency-independent precoding matrix and short-term frequency-dependent precoding matrix Type I multi-panel CSI Type II CSI o Same principle but long-term frequency-independent precoding matrix can reflect beam per panel CSI with significantly higher spatial granularity Target MU-MIMO

13 5G NR Millimetre Wave: Phase Noise mmwave devices and network access points suffer from severe phase noise mainly due to the mismatch of transmitter and receiver frequency oscillators. Worse with higher frequency Phase noise causes ICI and CPE

14 5G NR Millimetre Wave: PT-RS New reference signal: Phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) There is a trade-off between phase tracking accuracy and signaling overhead. If the density of PT-RS is high, phase tracking accuracy is high and CPE can be better compensated to achieve better performance. However, higher PT-RS density also means larger signaling overhead. PT-RS density in the time domain: a function of modulation order. PT-RS density in the frequency domain: a function of BW.

15 5G NR UE Specific Design: Bandwidth Part BWP Carrier Carrier A group of contiguous PRBs Each BWP has its own numerology Multiple BWPs can be configured to a single UE but only one can be active at one time Use cases BWP Carrier BWP Smaller UE BW capacity Reduced UE energy BWP FDM of multiple numerology Non-contiguous spectrum Forward compatability Carrier? Carrier BWP BWP

16 5G NR UE Specific Design: Referene Signals LTE Synchronization: SS Demodulation: DMRS Channel estimation: o Cell specific RS: always on o CSI-RS: UE specific RS o SRS: UL 5G NR Synchronization: SS Demodulation: front-loaded DMRS Phase tracking o PT-RS Channel estimation o CSI-RS Fine time and frequency tracking o TRS: one port CSI-RS

17 5G NR UE Specific Design: Referene Signals DMRS Front loaded Two different DMRS patterns Additional DMRS symbols can be configured CSI-RS X-port CSI-RS REs span N adjacent/non-adjacent OFDM symbols Three types of component CSI-RS RE patterns are supported: o (Y,Z) {(2,1), (2,2), (4,1)} o A component CSI-RS RE pattern is defined within a single PRB as Y adjacent REs in the frequency domain and Z adjacent REs in the time domain Adjacent/non-adjacent Three types of CDM patterns are supported: o FD-CDM2, CDM4 (FD2, TD2), CDM8 (FD2, TD4)

18 5G NR Phase II Enhancements of phase I MIMO MIMO DC and CA Mobility 5G NR Phase II SID/WID RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP RP WID Title WI/SI WG New WID: NR MIMO enhancements New SID: NR V2X New SID: Study on NR positioning support New SID: Study on remote interference management for NR New WID: Cross Link Interference (CLI) handling and Remote Interference Management (RIM) for NR New SID: NR Power Consumption New SID: Solutions for NR to support Non Terrestrial Networks New SID: NR URLLC Enhancements New SID: NR support for Industrial IOT New SID: Optimisations on UE radio capability signalling - NR/E-UTRA New WID: DC and CA enhancements New WID: NR mobility enhancements New SID: RAN-centric Data Collection and Utilization New SID: 2Rx requirements for vehicle mounted NR UE New SID: Radiated test methodology for the verification of multi-antenna reception performance of NR UEs New SID: NR design above 52.6GHz Completion date WI R1 Dec 2019 SI R1 Mar 2019 SI R1 Mar 2019 SI R1 Dec 2018 WI R1 Mar 2019 WI R1 Jun 2019 SI R1 Dec 2019 SI R1 Mar 2019 SI R2 Dec 2018 SI R2 Mar 2019 WI R2 Dec 2019 WI R2 Dec 2019 SI R3 Jun 2019 SI R4 Dec 2018 SI R4 Dec 2019 SI RAN Sep

19 Thank you for your attention Questions?

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