Enhancement of Electric Power Quality using Unified Power Quality Conditioning System

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1 Interntionl onference on Glol Trends in Engineering, Technology nd Mngement (IGTETM-216) Enhncement of Electric Power Qulity using Unified Power Qulity onditioning System 1 Mr. Sidhhnt N. Ptil, 2 Mr. Suhs M. Shemekr, 1 M. E. Scholr, Electricl, SST S OET mhori, Jlgon, (M.S.), Indi 2 ssistnt Professor, Electricl, SST S OET mhori, Jlgon (M.S.), Indi 1,2 North Mhrshtr University, Jlgon,(M.S.), Indi strct - In modern power system consist of complex network, where mny generting sttions nd lod centers re interconnected through long power trnsmission nd distriution network. Electricity supply plys n importnt role in the economic development nd technology dvncement throughout the world. The qulity reliility of power supplies reltes closely to the udgetry dvncement of country.the min tsk of the utility system is to provide the power to lod with proper voltge nd current with sinusoidl wve, with fixed frequency nd mgnitude with less totl hrmonics distortion (THD) s possile ccording to IEEE stndrd. The proposed system is designed for UPQ for one feeder trnsmission nd distriution network. The methodology is sed on synchronous reference frme (SRF) or d-q theory. The PWM sed sinusoidl pulse width modultion (SPWM) nd crrier phse disposition (PD) technique re used, in this technique the switching signl is generted y compring fundmentl reference signl with crrier signl of required switching frequency. The simultion result is crried out in MTL environment. Keywords: PQ, SPWM, THD, UPQ, PF,SRF. 1. Introduction Now dys competition level is more elevte in industril sector so ll industries re generting mss of production in short durtion. This is possile due to using fst response devices. So in most of the industries re used electronic devices, dequte sensitive devices nd electronic drives. These re devices very sensitive to disturnces nd ecome less tolernt to power qulity prolems. It is most importnce issue. Electricl distriution systems should e provide their customers with n uninterrupted energy t tolerted mgnitude level nd frequency ut, in prctice, electricl distriution systems widely used the distriution nonliner lods their impct on the qulity of power supplies[1]. s noutcome of the nonliner lods the clenliness of the wveform of supplies is lost. So to voiding such power qulity prolems nd to developed solution is desperte need of the industril sector nd hence in this project is developed new effective solution which helps to mitigte power qulity prolems [5]. Wht do we men power qulity? Power qulity is the interction etween electricl power nd electricl equipment. If electricl equipment opertes properly with relily, we could sy tht the electricl power is good qulity. If the electricl equipment mlfunctions, unrelile, we could sy tht the power qulity is poor qulity. Power qulity is set of electricl oundries tht llows exmple of equipment to function in its design mnner without significnt loss of performnce or life expectncy [2]. This definition grsps two things tht we interest from n electricl device performnce nd life expectncy. The Synchroniztion in voltge frequency nd phse grnt electricl systems to function in their intended mnner without significnt loss of performnce or life [1]. Now dys power qulity prolems re lrge issue in ll over the world in which Deregultion etween voltges supplied from the electric power system nd end use equipment. Most common power qulity prolems in electricl power system such s voltge sgs, swells, long-durtion overvoltge, trnsients, voltge unlnce,under voltges interruptions, flickers nd hrmonics etc. [9,17]. Voltge sgs is most severe disturnces to equipment s in the industril process zone [7]. It is summrized tht voltge sgs re cused y fults in electricl grids, the strting of lrge lods such s induction motors or trnsformer energizing. It is common reson for filures or mlfunctions of power electronics sed equipment s tht re used widely in modern dy power systems. The chrcteristics of these voltge sgs depends on vrious fctors of which the motor rting, rotor structure, the method of strting motor nd system s power supply cpcity re seen s criticl impcts [6]. Utilities nd end users cn cuse voltge sg on trnsmission nd distriution power systems. The trnsformer filure is n exmple cn e the inititing event tht cuses fult on the utility electricl power system tht result in voltge dips. These fults tie energy from the power system [16]. Voltge sgs occurs while the fult is on the utility s electricl power system. s soon s thereker or reclose clers the fult the voltge returns to norml. Trnsmission line disturncescuse voltge dips tht lst out 6 cycles or.1 second. Distriution fults lst longer thn trnsmission fults while lrge motor ISSN: Pge 292

2 Interntionl onference on Glol Trends in Engineering, Technology nd Mngement (IGTETM-216) lods cn cuse voltge sgs on utility s nd end user s power systems. If ompre to other power qulity prolems poignnt industril nd commercil end users voltge sgs occur most frequently [11]. Stndrds ssocited with voltge sgs re plnned to e used s reference documents descriing single components nd systems in power system. For etter power qulity requirements use these stndrds y mnufctures nd uyers. The most common stndrds trde with power qulity is the ones issued y IEEE, IE, EM, nd SEMI. Other stndrds worth mentioning re ISPR, UNIPED, ENELE nd NFP [2]. Over the pst few yers, the growth in the use ofnonliner power electronics lods, such s djustle speed drives, dc/c converter, sttic rectifiers, hs cused mny power qulity prolems poor power fctor, like high current hrmonics nd mximum neutrl current, etc. prolems cused y power qulity cn hve conflictingfiscl impct on utilities nd customers. These prolems cn e resolved y the use of unified power qulity conditioners(upqs). The UPQ, which is integrtion of the series nd shunt ctive filters, is le to mitigte most of the power qulity prolems [4]. The min tsk of the utility system is to provide the power to lod with good sinusoidl wve of the current nd voltge, with fixed frequency nd mgnitude with less totl hrmonics distortion (THD) s possile ccording to IEEE strnded [3]. The terminology nd the guidelines for power qulity hs een define in detil tie- 555nd IEEE-519.onfer to these instruction, the voltge sg ore swell is llowed y 1%, the totl hrmonics distortion is llowed y 5 % nd the voltge unlnce is llowed y 1 %[3]. ccording to the min ide of UPQ, it susists of ck-to-ck connection of two threephsective filters (Fs) with common dc link. UPQ is to minimize lod current nd grid voltge disturnces forwrd with rective nd hrmonic power compenstion. UPQ is functionl devicetht cn tke cre of lmost ll power qulity prolems such s voltge hrmonics, voltge unlnce, current unlnce, voltge flickers, current hrmonics, rectivecurrent, voltge sgs & swells, etc.[7] Ech of ustom Power devices hs its own enefits nd drwck. The UPQ is conventionl to e one of the most powerful results to lrge cpcity lods delicte to supply voltge nd lod current disturnces /imlnce. The most effective type of these devices is considered to e the Unified Power Qulity onditioner (UPQ). There re numerous resons why the UPQ is preferred over the others devices. For UPQ is much djustle thn ny single inverter sed device [1]. It cn simultneously equitle for the unlnce nd distortion in the source voltge nd lod current wheres ll other devices either correct distortion of current nd voltge. Therefore the function of two devices is served y UPQ only. 2. sic onfigurtion of UPQ The power electronics sed devices hve een used to overcome the mjor power qulity prolems in electricl power system. The UPQ is compensting type custom power device is employed in the distriution system to overcome the disturnce tht disturs the performnce of sensitive lod or criticl lod [1]. Fig.1. sic System onfigurtion of UPQ Unified Power Qulity onditioner (UPQ) minly consists of two criterions: (i) Series ctive Power Filter (Series PF) nd (ii) Shunt ctive Power Filter (Shunt PF). UPQ is the comintion of series nd shunt ctive power filters (PF), linked ck-to-ck on the dc side, shring common D cpcitor s shown in Fig. The series component of the Unified Power Qulity onditioner is used to overcome or overcome of the supply side disturnces such s voltge dips, voltge swells, flicker, voltge unlnce nd totl hrmonics distortion. It injects voltges so s to mintin the lod voltges t desired level with lnced nd distortion free. The shunt component is used to overcome or mitigting the current qulity prolems cused y the consumer such s poor power fctor, lod unlnce, lod hrmonics current etc. It insert currents in the c system such tht the source currents lnced with sinusoidl nd in phse with the source voltges [12]. ISSN: Pge 293

3 [Vs1] [Vcomp1] [Vs1] [Vcomp1] [Vlod1] [Vlod1] Interntionl onference on Glol Trends in Engineering, Technology nd Mngement (IGTETM-216) 3. ontroller of UPQ multi-level converter is plnned to increse the converter opertion voltge, voiding the series connection of switching elements. However, the multilevel converter is complicted to Form the output voltge nd requires n excessive numer of ck-connection flying cpcitors or diodes or cscde converter. min form of multi-level UPQ is shown in Fig.2. is most commonly used time domin mngement pproch is synchronously rotting reference frme (SRF) or d-q theory. In this theory the fundmentl quntities re trnsformed into dc quntities nd the oscillting component which represent the hrmonics content. The following model re crete in mt l Simulink re shows the SRF theory nd inverse trnsformtion re explin in previous point. Supply Source Injection Trnsformer Series PF D Link Shunt PF P LOD 1/3 onstnt N pi Gin Vc c sin cos Trigonometric Function c Mux 1 Vs c_to_ Trnsformtion1 c c_to_ Trnsformtion Sutrctor PID(s) PID ontroller c _to_c Trnsformtion Demux 1 Ux 2 Uy 3 Uz PWM ontroller Voltge Source V-I Mesurement Reference Signls Fig.2: UPQ controller rrngement The multi converter UPQ susists of two VS s. The two voltge source converters re connected with high-pss output filter commuttion rector nd to prevent the flow of switching hrmonics in to the supply. The voltge source converters re composed y pulse width modultion (PWM) techniques. The controller of Unified Power Qulity onditioner re define the how to generte signls for oth series nd shunt prt of UPQ. Fig. shows the reference signl formtion using synchronous reference theory. The synchronous reference theory Fig. 3: Reference Signl Genertion using Synchronous Reference Theory 4. Performnce nlysis The modeling of UPQ in mt lenvironment for electricl network is shown in Fig.4. in which onefeederof Power trnsmission nd distriution is considered nd simulted. The simultion results re presented on sis of tht network for the performnce of UPQ. The fult is creted mnully for some period nd vrious results during such conditions re crried out. 4.1Modeling for Trnsmission Network without UPQ Vc Vc c c Vc N c Discrete, Ts = 5e-5 s. Fig.4: Mt l simultion model of without UPQ in trnsmission network ISSN: Pge 294

4 Voltge (kv) Voltge (kv) Voltge (kv) Interntionl onference on Glol Trends in Engineering, Technology nd Mngement (IGTETM-216) 4.2Modeling for Trnsmission Network with UPQ Fig. 5: Mt l simultion model of UPQ in trnsmission network Tle 1 Test System Prmeters System Quntities Stndrds Source Voltge 3-phse, 33 KV, 5 Hz Distriution/Trnsmission 33KV line Non-liner RL lod R = 5 Ohm, L = 8 H oost Trnsformer 33/66KV Voltge Source onverter IGT sed, 3-rm, 6-pulse, rrier Frequency = 2 KHz Injection Trnsformer 33/33KV 5. Simultion Result Following re simultions results of the proposed model of unified power qulity conditioner custom power compenstion device y using SPWM techniques in MTL softwre. The simultion is crried out nd result is nlyzed for voltge sg period nd rting of the RL lod Fig.7: Injected voltge wveform with upqc -4 Fig.8: Voltge wveform with UPQ se ) Voltge Sg Period.2 to.4 sec for RL lod Fig. 6. Voltge cross Source Side without UPQ 6. onclusion Fig.9: Source Side Voltge THD The power qulity prolems in distriution system re not new ut customer lertness of these prolems recently incresed. It is very difficult to mintin electric power qulity t sufficient limits. One modern nd very right solution tht dels with oth lod current nd ISSN: Pge 295

5 Interntionl onference on Glol Trends in Engineering, Technology nd Mngement (IGTETM-216) supply voltge imperfection is the unified power qulity conditioner(upq). The ojective of this pper is to improve the power qulity in n electricl network using UPQ FTS device. The simultion is crried out y SPWM control technique. From this project nd simultion result it is cler tht the performnce in the voltge profile or wveform gets improved using UPQ. The MTL/Simulink ws used to crry out extensive simultion studies on unified power qulity conditioner. References [1]T. Zhili, L. Xun,. Jin, K. Yong, Z. Yng, - in proc. IEEE power Electron. spec. onf., pp , Jun 17-21, 27. [2] V. Khdkikr,. hndr, new control philosophy for unified power qulity conditioner (UPQ) to coordinte lodrective power demnd etween shunt nd series inverter, in IEEE trnc. On power delivery, vol.23, no.4, Octoer 28. [3] D. Grovc, V. ktic,. Rufer, Power qulity compensting using universl power qulity conditioning system, in IEEE Trnc. Power delivery, vol.8, no.2, pp , pr [4] I. xente, J. Gnesh. M. su, M. onlon, nd K. Gughn, 12-KV DSP-ontrolled lortory prototype UPQ cple of mitigting unlnce in source voltge nd lod current, in IEEE Trnc. On power Electronics, vol.25.no.6, June 21. [5]. Gopl, Pnnl Krishn Murthy nd G. N. Sreenivs, Review on UPQ for Power Qulity Improvement in Distriution System, Glol Journl of Reserches in Engineering Electricl nd Electronics Engineering, Volume 13, Issue 7, Version 1., 213. [6] PylDeshpnde, mitshrivstv nd nulkhre, Different Modeling spects nd Energy System of Unified Power Qulity onditioner (UPQ): n Overview, Interntionl Journl of Renewle Energy Reserch, Vol.3, No. 2, 213. [7] yung-moon Hn, o-hyung ho, Seung-Ki Sul nd Je- Eon Kim, Unified Power Qulity onditioner for ompensting Voltge Interruption, Journl of Electricl Engineering nd Technology, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp , 26. [8] Hmeed Mohmmed dul nd P.V.Kishore, Multi onverter Unified Power-Qulity onditioning for Multi Feeder System, Interntionl Journl of Engineering Reserch nd ppliction, Vol. 2, Issue 1, Jn-Fe 212, pp [9] Vinit Vsundhr, RintuKhnn nd Mnoj Kumr, Improvement of Power Qulity y UPQ using Different Intelligent ontrols: Literture Review, Interntionl Journl of Recent Technology nd Engineering, Volume-2, Issue-1, Mrch 213. [1]. Jyothi,. Jyothsn nd Dr. M. VenuGoplRo, nlysis of Unified Power Qulity onditioner during Voltge Sg nd Swell onditions, Interntionl Journl of Engineering Science nd dvnced Technology, Volume-2, Issue-1, 85-91, Jn-Fe 212. [11] Mr. Shktisinh N. Gohil nd Prof. M. V. Mkwn, comprtive nlysis of UPQ for Power Qulity Improvement, Journl of Informtion Knowledge nd Reserch in Electricl Engineering, Volume-2, Issu-2, Nov 12 to Oct 13. [12] MetinKesler nd EnginOzdemir Synchronous-Reference- Frme-sed ontrol Method for UPQ Under Unlnced nd Distorted Lod onditions, IEEE Trnsction on industril Electronics, Vol. 58, No.9, Sep.211. [13 ]N. Hri, K. Vijykumr, S. Dsh, verstile control scheme for UPQ for power qulity improvement, IEEE onference proceedings of IETET 211. [14]H. Hingorni, Introducing ustom Power IEEE Spectrum, Vol.32, Issue: 6, Pge(s): 41-48, June [15] G. Siv Kumr, P. HrshVrdhn nd. Klyn Kumr, Minimiztion of V Loding of Unified Power Qulity onditioner (UPQ), onference on POWERENG 29 Lison, Portugl, Pge(s): , 29. [16] V. Khdkikr,. hndr,.o. rry nd T.D Nguyen, onceptul Study of Unified Power Qulity onditioner (UPQ), IEEE Interntionl Symposium on Industril Electronics, Vol. 2, Pge(s): , 26. [17] V. Khdkikr,. hndr,.o. rry nd T.D. Nguyen, Power qulity enhncement utilizing single-phse unified power qulity conditioner: digitl signl processor-sed experimentl vlidtion onference on Power Electronics, Vol. 4, Pge(s): , 211. [18]. Mokhttpour nd H.. Shynfr Power Qulity ompenstion s Well s Power Flow ontrol Using of Unified Power Qulity onditioner, si- Pcific Power nd Energy Engineering onference (PPEE), Pge(s): 1-4, 211. ISSN: Pge 296