Engineering Diploma Resource Guide ST140 ETP Basic Electricity (Engineering)

Transcription

1 Engineering Diploma Resource Guide ST10 ETP Basic Electricity (Engineering) Introduction Electrical and Electronic technology is a fundamentally important aspect of the engineered world. Whether it s powering the machines and products we use in homes and industry, or sensing and controlling the environment we live in, most modern systems utilise electrical technology to some degree or another. This resource has been devised to introduce the fundamental topics of electrical understanding and how we work with them in engineering. Delivery This resource consists of 10 assignments each comprising a variety of separate activities. These assignments typically begin with a PowerPoint presentation that enables the teacher to introduce the background information required to complete the other activities within the assignment. Each assignment contains between one and two hours of study. Demonstration activities are carried out by the teacher using a physical manufacturing training rig. Students carry out hands-on activities using a software simulation of the hardware, allowing all students to carry out practical activities at the same time. The students also have an opportunity to verify their design solutions using the hardware system. Where appropriate, research activities that include the use of interactive software explorers are also incorporated. These activities lend themselves to independent self paced study. The assignments can be carried out in a sequence to deliver specific elements of the diploma specification where relevant. Alternatively assignments or even activities * could be used to support the focus of the centre devised learning activity. For example as part of the activities in Level 2 Unit 7: Maintenance students are required to use a multimeter to check for correct voltages in the maintained system. The tutor uses the PowerPoint and Using a multimeter activity from assignment 2 to allow students to understand and practice their electronic measurement skills. The following grid highlights where in the diploma the resource might be used to support specific elements or the focus of the centre devised learning activities. Assignment Title Level 1 Units Level 2 Units Level 3 Units 1 Electric Current 6,5 2 Voltage 6,5,7 3 Resistance 6,5,7 Relationship Between Voltage, Current and Resistance 6,5 5 Switches 6,5 6 Safety and Protection Devices 6,5 7 Magnetism 6,5 9 8 Motors 1,6,5 9 9 Generators and Transformers 1,6,7 1,,5, Problem Solving Burglar Alarm 6,5 Hardware and Software Applications 6,5,7 * Note where assignment activities are selected in isolation, marking moderation will be required to account for non-completed activities. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 1

2 Assessment Assessment is designed to test the students through both formative and summative methods. The curriculum includes continuous assessment, assessment tests and a workbook journal to create a portfolio of work during the lessons. The tutor PowerPoint presentations have the option to be used in conjunction with the ClassAct Student Response System. This enables students to be assessed on tutor led activities. Differentiation Each tutor will require different outcomes and levels of understanding from the resource, depending not only on the level of the diploma and the unit they are delivering, but also the context within which it is being utilised. Tutors will need to review the activity within the resource they intend to use and identify whether any differentiation or adaptation will be required. This may be achieved in a number of ways. Editing Tutor Presentation Where PowerPoint presentations have been included they are designed to cover the required knowledge for the learners to successfully complete the rest of the assignment. If the tutor is using only the PowerPoint element or coupled with just one practical activity, they may wish to edit the content of the PowerPoint to deliver only the required content for that practical or alter the content to fit with another centre devised activity. Example: Tutor A wishes to edit the Using a Multimeter PowerPoint in assignment 2 to show just the demonstration videos. This will serve as reference point for students to access as and when they are required within the learning of Level 1 Unit 6. Selecting Specific Activity Tutors might want to utilise one activity from an assignment to demonstrate a specific principle or topic omitting some of the more detailed knowledge. Example: As part of the study in Unit 8: Innovation, Enterprise and Technological Advance, Tutor B asks students to investigate different types of electricity production methods using activity 3 of assignment 9. Once students understand the technology and methods of production they can then formulate ideas on the social and economic issues of each method. Tutor Devised Activity The tutor may wish to develop their own learning activity focused around the provided hardware or one of the software applications. This practice is highly recommended wherever possible in order to not only maximise use of the resource but also personalise the learning from both the tutors and learners perspective. Example: Having created a range or circuits in the simulation package, Tutor C prints these circuits out in schematic format and asks students to reproduce the circuits using the simulator in component view. The tutor also asks students to describe the operation of the circuits. The tutor devised activity enables assessment of a student s recognition of symbols, components and operations within Level 2 Unit 5. Note where assignment activities are selected in isolation, marking moderation will be required to account for non-completed activities. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 2

3 Personal Learning and Thinking Skills (PLTS) The grid below highlights where opportunities exist using the resource s assessment methods to indicate achievement of the required PLTS statements. Other opportunities could be formulated with further input from tutor or student. Assignment IE CT RL TW SM EP ,2, ,2, ,2, ,2, ,2, ,2, ,2, ,2, ,2,3 10 1,2,,6 1,2,5,6 5,6 1 1,2,3 Module Review 5,6 1,2,3 Key: IE Independent Enquirers CT Creative Thinkers RL Reflective Learners TW Team Workers SM Self Managers EP Effective Participators Functional Skills This resource has embedded within it many opportunities for contextualised functional skills teaching, both through the structure of the delivery and also specifically in the nature of the activity content/task. Presentations and Demonstrations These activities offer scope to engage students in speaking and listening tasks within an engineering context. Students can show understanding of tutor led tasks through integrated assessment questions or in direct dialogue with tutor and other students. Alternatively students could investigate a topic independently or as a small group and then perform the presentation/demonstration to the whole class. Research These activities will allow students to show competence in a variety of functional skills, such as reading and extracting information and using ICT based sources to obtain and record information. Practical Investigation Students will have opportunities to apply core functional skills during practical investigations. They will have to access software applications, operate equipment, read text and follow written instructions. They will also have to write text and record data to document their understanding and observations. Assignment Review In each assignment students are invited to complete a review of their study noting any salient points and highlighting the main outcomes of their learning. These reviews allow students to practice their writing and communicative skills whilst reinforcing there technical understanding of engineering. Tutor Devised Activities Functional skills should also be considered when tutors devise their own activities. Students will have additional opportunities to further research, discuss and present information relating to the topics they have been studying within the curriculum resource. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 3

4 Applied Functional Skills Examples In addition to the opportunities integrated within the structure of the curriculum resource, some specific examples of applied functional skills have been identified as follows. Assignment 1 Electric Current: Students use an electrical circuit simulator to construct a simple electric circuit. They use a formula to calculate current. Assignment 3 Resistance: Students determine that the total resistance of resistors connected in a series circuit is equal to the sum of each resistance. They also use a formula to calculate the total resistance of resistors connected in parallel. Assignment Relationship between Voltage, Current and Resistance: Students perform various circuit experiments to collect and record resistance, voltage and current data in a table. They interpret the data to determine their relationships. Assignment 6 Safety and Protection Devices: Students perform experiments with fuses and circuit breakers. They work with measures of voltage, current and resistance. Assignment 8 Motors: Students perform experiments to control the speed of an electric motor. They work with measures of voltage, current and resistance. Curriculum Content This section lists the detailed content of each assignment and its distinct learning activities. The list can be used to select the work appropriate to the centre devised schemes of work The grid highlights the nature of the material its intended outcomes and nominal times for activity completion. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273

5 1 Electric Current 1 Watching Electrical Charge Move (Demonstration) The Electrical Circuit Simulator is used to construct a simple circuit using a lamp and a battery. The movement of electric charge around the circuit is observed. Students calculate current and measure the current flowing in a simulated circuit using an ammeter. Observes how electric charge flows. 1 Electric Current 2 Storing Charge on a Capacitor (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to construct a circuit and investigate how capacitors store charge. Investigates storing charge on a capacitor. 1 Electric Current 3 Capacitors as a Power Supply (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to construct a circuit. Students investigate how capacitors can be used as a temporary power supply in order to overcome the problem of a flickering light. Identifies how a capacitor can be used as a temporary power supply. 2 Voltage 1 Measuring DC Voltage Using a Multimeter (Presentation) Digital Multimeter Overview / Measuring Voltage Identifies how to measure voltage using a multimeter. 2 Voltage 2 Measuring Voltage in a Circuit (Demonstration) A circuit that allows current to flow between the terminals of the battery and a lamp via a switch is constructed on the Basic Electricity Trainer. A multimeter is then used to measure the voltage. Observes how to measure voltage in a circuit. 2 Voltage 3 Measuring Voltage in a Simulated Circuit (Practical) A parallel circuit with two branches (one containing a single lamp, the other containing two lamps) is constructed in the Electrical Circuit Simulator. Voltage is measured across the lamps. Measures voltage in a simulated circuit. 2 Voltage Battery Pushing Power (Practical) Using the Electrical Circuit Simulator, students construct a circuit with one battery and a lamp. Students measure the voltage across the battery. A second battery is connected in series with the first. Students observe the effect on the lamp brightness and measure the voltage across both batteries. Identifies that more battery cells in a circuit create a greater EMF. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 5

6 2 Voltage 5 Practical Use of Batteries (Research) Students use an interactive application to investigate the construction and operation of a flashlight. Identifies the components that make up a flashlight. 2 Voltage 6 Wrong Way Round (Research) Students read an information sheet to find out what would happen if four batteries were connected in series, but with one battery the wrong way round. Students then answer questions using the information they have read. Measures total voltage of batteries connected in a circuit. 3 Resistance 1 3 Resistance 2 Measuring Resistance Using a Multimeter (Presentation) Measuring Resistance / Checking Continuity Measuring Resistance of Components (Demonstration) A multimeter is used to measure the resistance of components on the Basic Electricity Trainer. Observes how to measure resistance and check for continuity using a multimeter. Observes how to measure the resistance of components using a multimeter. 3 Resistance 3 Resistors in Series (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to measure the resistance of resistors in series. Students then construct a circuit with two resistors and take a voltage reading across both resistors, and a voltage reading across one resistor. Identifies that resistors connected in series increase total resistance. 3 Resistance Resistors in Parallel (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to calculate the total value of resistance when two or more resistors are connected in parallel to one another. Identifies that resistors connected in parallel decrease total resistance. Relationship Between Voltage, Current and Resistance 1 Experimenting with Voltage, Current, and Resistance (Demonstration) A multimeter is used to measure the voltage, current and resistance of a circuit on the Basic Electricity Trainer. Students observe how current changes as resistance changes. Observes that for a fixed voltage a decrease in resistance results in an increase in current. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 6

7 Relationship Between Voltage, Current and Resistance 2 Ohm's Law (Practical) (Research) Students read an information sheet about Ohm's Law. Students then construct a circuit in the Electrical Circuit Simulator and measure and record the voltage and resistance in the circuit. Students use Ohm's law and their measured values to calculate the expected current in the circuit. The calculated value of current is compared to the measured value. Identifies the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is defined by Ohm's law. Relationship Between Voltage, Current and Resistance Relationship Between Voltage, Current and Resistance 3 Series Circuits (Practical) Using the Electrical Circuit Simulator, students construct a circuit with a lamp and a battery and measure the voltage across the lamp. Students repeat the previous step, adding another lamp in series each time. Parallel Circuits (Practical) Using the Electrical Circuit Simulator, students construct a circuit with a lamp and a battery and measure the voltage across the lamp. Students repeat the previous step, adding another lamp in parallel each time. Observes that devices connected in series 'share' the total voltage. Observes that the voltage across components connected in parallel is the same. 5 Switches 1 Types of Switches (Presentation) Simple On-Off Switch / Push-button Switch / Push To Make Pushbutton / Push To Make Circuit / Push To Break Push-button / Push To Break Circuit / Changeover Switch / Two Position, Single Pole Changeover / Three Position, Single Pole Changeover / Two Position, Double Pole Changeover Identifies types of switches and how they work. 5 Switches 2 Connecting Switches (Demonstration) The Basic Electricity Trainer is used to build a circuit that allows current to flow from the terminals of two batteries, through a lamp controlled by a switch. It is then used to build a circuit with two control switches connected in series. Identifies how switches can be used to control a lamp. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 7

8 5 Switches 3 Using the Right Switch (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to investigate some of the different types of switches. By building circuits with different types of switches, students can see how the switches can be used. Identifies the symbols and connectivity of different types of switches. 5 Switches Connecting Switches in Series and in Parallel (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to build circuits to connect switches in series and in parallel. Students use the circuits to investigate their differences and to see when each might be useful. Identifies how switches can be connected in series and in parallel. 5 Switches 5 Car Lighting System (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to build a circuit to control the lamps used in a car. Students choose different types of switches to control the lamps appropriately. The switches and lamps are connected together both in series and in parallel. Evaluates the function of a car lighting system. 6 Safety and Protection Devices 1 Fuses (Demonstration) The Electrical Circuit Simulator is used to build a circuit to investigate how fuses work. Identifies the purpose of a fuse. 6 Safety and Protection Devices 2 Circuit Breakers (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to build a circuit to investigate how circuit breakers work. Identifies the purpose of a circuit breaker. 6 Safety and Protection Devices 3 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (Research) Students read an information sheet about ground fault circuit interrupters as a method of electrical protection. Identifies the use, operation and function of ground fault circuit interrupters. 7 Magnetism 1 Bar Magnets (Presentation) Magnetic Field Around a Bar Magnet / Magnetic Field Between Like Poles / Magnetic Field Between Unlike Poles Observes magnetic fields around bar magnets. 7 Magnetism 2 Magnetic Fields Around a Wire and a Coil (Presentation) Magnetic Field Around a Wire / Magnetic Field Around a Coil Observes magnetic fields around a wire and a coil. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 8

9 7 Magnetism 3 Relays (Practical) (Research) Students read an information sheet about how a relay works, and use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to construct a circuit to use a relay as a switch. Identifies the use of a relay in a control circuit. 7 Magnetism Electromagnets (Demonstration) The Magnetism Accessory Kit is used to build a circuit with a battery pack and an electromagnet. The circuit is used to investigate the power of electromagnets by picking up the hanger and different numbers of masses. Identifies how the strength of an electromagnet can be changed. 8 Motors 1 DC Motor Principles (Presentation) The DC Motor / Force on a Current Carrying Wire / Motor Principle - Torque Force on a Coil / Motor Principle - Commutator / Motor Principle - Commutator Action / Commutator in Real Motor / Speed of Rotation Explores the operating principle of a DC electric motor. 8 Motors 2 Changing Motor Speed (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to build a circuit to control the speed of a fan which contains a motor. Identifies how the speed of an electric motor can be controlled in a circuit. 8 Motors 3 Using More Coils (Research) Students use an interactive application to investigate how different coils are used to change the speed of a desk fan. Identifies how a desk fan operates. 9 Generators and Transformers 1 DC Generator Principle (Presentation) The DC Generator / Generator Principle - Moving a Wire in a Magnetic Field / Induced Voltage in a Coil Commutator / Commutator in Real Generator Explores the operation of a generator. 9 Generators and Transformers 2 Generating Light (Demonstration) The Basic Electricity Trainer is used to build a circuit that generates electricity to power a lamp. Identifies methods of electrical power production. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P7273 9

10 9 Generators and Transformers 3 Electricity Production (Research) Students use an interactive application to investigate the different ways generators are used as part of large-scale electricity production, to provide enough electricity for homes, schools and businesses. Identifies methods of electrical power production. 9 Generators and Transformers Transformer Principles (Research) Students use an interactive application to discover how transformers are used to convert a voltage in one circuit into a different voltage in another circuit. Identifies transformer operation principles. 9 Generators and Transformers 5 Uses of Transformers (Research) Students use an interactive application to look at how transformers are used in the electricity production process. Explores the use of transformers. 10 Problem Solving 1 Electrical Control Circuit Design (Practical) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to design, construct and test an electrical circuit that uses a relay switch and two lamps. Designs, builds and tests an electrical circuit using a relay switch. 10 Problem Solving 2 Burglar Alarm (Practical) (Research) Students use the Electrical Circuit Simulator to design, construct and test an electrical system for a burglar alarm system for a statue. Designs, builds and tests an electrical circuit for a burglar alarm. Produces a working solution and supporting documentation for the design of a burglar alarm. Diploma Resource Guide (Basic Electricity Engineering) P