Overview of the EU-project QoSMOS PMSE Workshop, DLR, Berlin

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1 Quality Of Service and MObility driven cognitive radio Systems Overview of the EU-project QoSMOS PMSE Workshop, DLR, Berlin Michael Fitch 7 th December 2011 The research leading to these results was derived from the European Community s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under Grant Agreement number (QoSMOS).

2 2 Two trends are occurring: 1. Cells are becoming smaller... Higher data rates and more users Large signal strength Large spectrum use Non-linear relationship Impossible transmit powers over long distances Smaller cells (including self -install) Planning is infeasible Self-organising networks Approx linear relationship Need to re-use spectrum over shorter distances

3 2. Regulation is changing to allow spectrum sharing - to enable more efficient use of the spectrum Licensed EG GSM, 3G High Power Radio Planning Spectrum shortage Unlicensed EG WiFi Bluetooth Low power Unplanned Interference Flexible radios Intelligent use of spectrum resources Shared EG TV White Space Medium Power Dynamic planning My 5 year vision is very flexible and reconfigurable user terminals. And managed use of spectrum.

4 Response to these trends. Spectrum sharing using Cognitive Radio as the enabling technology Collaborative projects, such as QoSMOS and Cambridge TVWS group, BT In-house trials and use-case assessment QoSMOS to provide technology and business models

5 QoSMOS at a glance Quality of Service and MObility driven cognitive radio Systems To develop critical technologies, value chain and regulatory environment for opportunistic use of spectrum Is an FP7 Integrating Project Call 4 objective ICT ; The Network of the Future, part (b): Spectrum-efficient radio access to Future Networks Duration is 36 months from January 2010 Budget 1198 PMs Total = 14.5M, EC contribution = 9.4M Date, slide number

6 Partners Participant no. Participant organisation name Part. short name Country 1 (Coordinator) British Telecommunications PLC BT United Kingdom 2 Telenor ASA TEL Norway 3 Commissariat à l Energie Atomique CEA France 4 Oulun Yliopisto UOULU Finland 5 Technische Universität Dresden TUD Germany 6 Instituto de Telecomunicões IT Portugal 7 NEC Technologies (UK) Ltd NTUK United Kingdom 8 Agilent Technologies Belgium NV AGILENT Belgium 9 Thales Communications SA TCF France 10 University of Surrey UNIS United Kingdom 11 NEC Corporation NEC Japan 12 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.v. Fraunhofer Germany 13 TST Sistemas SA TST Spain 14 Alcatel-Lucent Deutschland AG ALD Germany 15 Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem 7 December 2011, 6 BME Hungary

7 Objectives The main objective is to provide a platform for efficient radio access to future networks Under this are two S & T objectives Cognitive Wireless Access Provision [measurable criteria] Platform aspects Intelligence aspects Network Support Provision [measurable criteria] And two non-s & T objectives Use-case development [guidelines on marketing] Preparation of regulatory policies [response of regulators] 7 December 2011, 7

8 Concept A significant novelty is a two-step spectrum management process An upper cognitive manager that manages the spectrum portfolio A lower cognitive manager that allocates resource 7 December 2011, 8

9 Wanted outcomes to develop the critical technologies to allow spectrum sharing to establish confidence of regulators, primary and other secondary users that spectrum sharing can be achieved without causing harmful interference to provide a forum that encourages framework alignment across Europe so that the market is big enough for equipment that give a high user satisfaction at the right price to give terminal deployment guidelines antenna spacing etc to give network deployment guidelines database integration etc

10 Role of the QoSMOS advisory Advisory board: ANFR BNetzA RA-NL AT4wireless WinnF BBC Microsoft NXP Ofcom UK Ofcom Swiss SWR ETSI RRS Bosch board Steering and deliverable reviews Five meetings aligned with project milestones Dissemination route QoSMOS The advisory group remains open to other organisations

11 QoSMOS rationalised scenarios Scenario Range LoS Datarate Mobile Suitable Frequency Dynamic backhaul 10 km Maybe High (10 50Mbit/s) No >2GHz if LoS, <1GHz if non- Los Cellular extension in White km No Med (2 Yes >1GHz if <1km Space 10Mbit/s) Rural Broadband 1 10 km Maybe Med No >2GHz if LoS, <1GHz if non- Los Cognitive ad hoc Network m No Med Yes >2GHz if <50m Direct Terminal-to-Terminal in m No Low No >2GHz if Cellular (<2Mbit/s) <50m Cognitive femtocell m No Med Maybe >2GHz if <50m Rationalisation was carried out through questionnaires to Stakeholders in the value chain and includes technical and Commercial feasibility. The final column on the right is my addition

Country-wide regulation constraints database Core Network of QoSMOS system User Plane Protocol Stack L3 Spectrum Management (WP6) To other Spectrum Manager(s) RAN of sub-system1 RAN of sub-system2

12 Country-wide regulation constraints database Core Network of QoSMOS system User Plane Protocol Stack L3 Spectrum Management (WP6) To other Spectrum Manager(s) RAN of sub-system1 RAN of sub-system2 BTS#2 BTS#1 BTS#2 Spectrum Management (WP6) Spectrum Management (WP6) User Plane Protocol Stack L1-L2 Sensing WP3 Transceiver WP4 Cog. Mng WP5 User Plane Protocol Stack L1-L2 Sensing WP3 Transceiver WP4 Cog. Mng WP5 Terminal for sub-system1 Terminal for sub-system2 User Plane Protocol Cognitive manager Stack (WP5) (L1-L5) User Plane Cognitive manager Protocol (WP5) Stack To other terminals Spectrum Sensing Mngt Transceiver WP WP6 WP4 3 Cognitive control flow (logical I/F) Internal I/F Enablers Spectrum Sensing Mngt Transceiver WP WP6 WP4 3 To other terminals

13 Proof of Concepts (demos) PoC #4 PoC #5 Adaptation Layer CM-SM WP6 CM-RM WP5 PoC #1 PoC #2 PoC #3 Radio enviroment and Sensing engine WP3 Flexible Transceiver Architecture WP4 Cooperative Sensing (Data fusion & distributed algorithms) WP3, 4 HW Platforms

14 Three examples of QoSMOS outcomes Wireless microphone detection Filter block modulation modelling Prototype being built for demo in December in March 2012 TVWS availability database 7 December 2011, 14

15 Wireless microphone detection Spectrum generated by Matlab model to EN

16 Wireless microphone detection Teager Kaiser detector Use the knowledge and the characteristics of FM modulation Teager-Kaiser energy detector [Crowncom2010] Y[s(k)]=[s(k)] 2 -s(k+1)s(k-1) Frequency domain detection Narrowband condition: Detection in the frequency domain Efficient implementation based on FFT for the energy detection

17 Filter bank transceiver Subchannel frequency responses = Frequency-shifted versions of a prototype

18 FBMC transceiver Due to the overlapping of neighbouring sub-channels, orthogonality is needed. Use of Offset-QAM model: - Each QAM symbol is mapped to two consecutive subcarrier samples. - Subcarrier sample sequences are oversampled by a factor of 2.

19 Spectral Properties of LTE and FBMC Example 5 MHz Bandwidth Requires shaping filter to meet ACLR specifications of LTE

20 Example 5 MHz Bandwidth Spectral Properties of LTE Requires shaping filter to meet ACLR specifications of LTE FCC TVWS mask

21 Ofcom proposed database structure

22 Prototype TVWS availability database Rural Scotland Ipswich TVWS database provides channels power levels duration of access directivity for any location UK London

House Exchange Backhaul In many rural locations, premises are connected via long copper lines directly to the

23 An exploitation from QoSMOS - BT s trials of broadband to not-spots If D + E are too long (>5km) then BB is not possible. Fibre to the Cabinet will help only if D is not too long. House Exchange Backhaul In many rural locations, premises are connected via long copper lines directly to the exchange. If this is >5km then BB is not possible 15% of premises in the UK (2.75 million) cannot receive broadband (2Mbit/s downlink). These are called not-spots.

24 Line bit-rate (Mbit/s) DSL bit-rates against distance (downlink) VDSL2 max rate = 200Mbit/s ADSL ADSL2+ VDSL Distance (m) ADSL uplink approx 450kbit/s (capped) VDSL is approximately symmetrical Little difference between them for > 4km line length

Distribution of notspots direct distance to nearest exchange The average distance is 3km, which means the fixed lines to many hotspots do not take the shortest route.

25 Distribution of notspots direct distance to nearest exchange The average distance is 3km, which means the fixed lines to many hotspots do not take the shortest route. Using TVWS, 2Mbit/s can be delivered at 5km Non-LoS and 8km LoS So TVWS can potentially solve the access problem for a large proportion of not-spots >2Mbit/s Non-LoS >2Mbit/s LoS

Britain, where there are higher levels of

to 1% 1% to 2% 2% to 3% 3% to 5% 5% to 9%

4% correlate well with the areas of Great

26 TV whitespace spectrum versus notspot locations The more rural areas of Great Britain, where there are higher levels of poor broadband performance due to line length. Percentage of bad lines due to length 0 to 1% 1% to 2% 2% to 3% 3% to 5% 5% to 9% 9% to 11.4% correlate well with the areas of Great Britain where TV White Space is most available. Example TV Whitespace availability White = maximum Red = minimum

$This is UHF between 470 790MHz - Low diffraction and building$

27 The basic idea Up to 5km non line-of-sight 8km line-of-sight TVWS BS Router DSLAM Ethernet Backhaul To share wireless spectrum with Digital TV Transmitters. This is UHF between MHz - Low diffraction and building penetration loss TVWS CPE transceiver to Ethernet

28 We are trying it on the Isle of Bute Trial on the Isle of Bute with base-station at Kilchattan Bay Final point is the House of the Marquis

29 Test site on the Isle of Bute Base-station antenna at Kilchatten Bay exchange. Antenna up to 12m height Backhaul antenna facing mainland CPE antenna same as TV antenna Height 4m. At the House of the Marquis.

30 Path height profile Hill tops are smooth 4Mbit/s downlink and 2Mbit/s uplink was achieved on this 5km non line-of-sight path Ongoing work to understand UHF propagation over hills

31 18GHz backhaul link, 12km West Kilbride to Kilchatten Bay exchange Improving the backhaul connection to the base-station incurs additional costs which we are evaluating

32 Conclusions and further work Cognitive Radio is an enabling technology for spectrum sharing and small cells QoSMOS is developing key technologies to support spectrum sharing with managed QoS and mobility Two examples are FBMC and database PMSE sharing in UK is via database Sensing is not sufficiently reliable An early exploitation is rural broadband Being trialled by BT Further work Scope for improving spectrum packing of wireless microphones? PMSE going digital? 7 December 2011, 32

Technical Innovations from the EU FP7 project QoSMOS

Quality Of Service and MObility driven cognitive radio Systems Technical Innovations from the EU FP7 project QoSMOS 28 th June 2012 Michael Fitch, BT WinnComm Europe, Brussels The research leading to these