Chapter PREPTEST: SHM & WAVE PROPERTIES
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1 2 4 Chapter PREPTEST: SHM & WAVE PROPERTIES Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A load of 45 N attached to a spring that is hanging vertically stretches the spring 0.14 m. What is the spring constant? a. 6.3 N/m c. 1 N/m b. 45 N/m d. 320 N/m 2. In the anatomy of a wave, what is most associated with energy? a. wavelength c. frequency b. amplitude d. the heart! 3. Waves a. transfer matter. c. transfer matter and energy. b. transfer energy. d. transfer accounts. 4. Vibration of an object about an equilibrium point is called simple harmonic motion when the _ is proportional to displacement. a. time c. a spring constant b. restoring force d. mass 5. The graph below depicts the relationship between wave amplitude (in meters) and wave energy: How is he amplitude of the wave affected if the energy of the wave increases from 2.5 J to 7.0 J? a. It is halved c. It is quadrupled b. It is doubled d. It remains the same 1
2 A traveling wave train has wavelength 0.50 m, speed 20 m/s. Find the wave frequency. a Hz b. 20 Hz c. 40 Hz d. 10 Hz e. 1.5 Hz 7. A musical tone, sounded on a piano, has a frequency of 410 Hz and a wavelength in air of m. What is the wave speed? a. 170 m/s b. 235 m/s c. 328 m/s d. 587 m/s e. 673 m/s 8. If a radio wave has speed m/s and frequency 94,700,000 Hz, what is its wavelength? a m b m c m d m e m 9. A spring is compressed as shown below: The resulting wave travels back and forth between the two fixed ends of the spring until it comes to a stop. This mechanical wave is an example of a a. transverse wave. c. superpositioned wave. b. longitudinal wave. d. refracted wave. 10. Which type of wave would NOT be detected in space? a. ultraviolet light wave c. sound wave b. visible light wave d. radio wave 2
3 A simple pendulum swings in simple harmonic motion. At zero displacement, a. the acceleration reaches a maximum. c. the velocity reaches zero. b. the velocity reaches a maximum. d. the restoring force reaches a maximum. 12. For a system in simple harmonic motion, is the time required to complete a cycle of motion? a. amplitude c. frequency b. period d. revolution 13. If you are on a train, how will the pitch of the train s whistle sound to you as the train moves? a. The pitch will become steadily higher. b. The pitch will become steadily lower. c. The pitch will not change. d. The pitch will become higher, then become lower. 14. A wave travels through a medium. As the wave passes, the particles of the medium vibrate in a direction parallel to the direction of the wave s motion. The wave is a. longitudinal. c. electromagnetic. b. a pulse. d. transverse. 15. When one end of a taut rope is attached to a fixed position and one vibration is made to the rope at that end, what is produced? a. pulse wave c. sine wave b. periodic wave d. longitudinal wave 16. Each compression in the waveform of the longitudinal wave shown above corresponds to what feature of the transverse wave below it? a. wavelength c. troughs b. crests d. amplitude 3
4 When two mechanical waves coincide, the amplitude of the resultant wave is always the amplitudes of each wave alone. a. greater than c. the sum of b. less than d. the same as 18. Which of the following types of interference will occur when the pulses in the figure above meet? a. no interference c. destructive interference b. constructive interference d. total interference 19. Consider two identical wave pulses on a rope having a fixed end. Suppose the first pulse reaches the end of the rope, is reflected back, and then meets the second pulse. When the two pulses overlap exactly, what will be the amplitude of the resultant pulse? a. zero b. same as the original pulses c. double the amplitude of the original pulses d. half the amplitude of the original pulses 20. How many nodes and antinodes are shown in the standing wave above? a. four nodes and four antinodes c. four nodes and five antinodes b. four nodes and three antinodes d. five nodes and four antinodes 4
5 In the diagram above, use the superposition principle to find the resultant wave of waves X and Y. a. a c. c b. b d. d 22. The trough of the sine curve used to represent the density of a sound wave corresponds to a. a compression. c. the amplitude. b. the wavelength. d. a rarefaction. 23. Which of the following is the region of a sound wave in which the density and pressure are less than normal? a. rarefaction c. amplitude b. compression d. wavelength 24. The highness or lowness of a sound, and that depends on frequency, is perceived as a. compression. c. ultrasound. b. wavelength. d. pitch. 25. Of the following materials, sound waves travel fastest through a. helium at 0 C. c. copper at 0 C. b. air at 0 C. d. air at 100 C. 26. The distance from peak to peak of a sine wave, or between wave fronts of plane waves, is a. one wavelength. c. one compression. b. two amplitudes. d. two rarefactions. 5
6 What phenomenon is created when one turning fork begins vibrating because it is side by side with another turning fork that was struck with a rubber hammer? a. resonance b. interference c. the Doppler effect d. beats e. none of the above. 28. For a standing wave on uitar string, there must be at least a. one node and one antinode. c. two antinodes and one node. b. two nodes and one antinode. d. two nodes and two antinodes. 29. When an air column vibrates in a pipe that is closed at one end, a. all harmonics are present. c. only odd harmonics are present. b. no harmonics are present. d. only even harmonics are present. 30. Which of the following is not an example of approximate simple harmonic motion? a. a ball bouncing on the floor b. a child swinging on a swing c. a piano wire that has been struck d. a car s radio antenna waving back and forth 31. A mass attached to a spring vibrates back and forth. At maximum displacement, the spring force and the a. velocity reach a maximum. c. acceleration reach a maximum. b. velocity reach zero. d. acceleration reach zero. 32. A mass-spring system can oscillate with simple harmonic motion because a compressed or stretched spring has which kind of energy? a. kinetic c. gravitational potential b. mechanical d. elastic potential 33. The angle between the string of a pendulum at its equilibrium position and at its maximum displacement is the pendulum s a. period. c. vibration. b. frequency. d. amplitude. 34. A child on a playground swings through a total of 32. If the displacement is equal on each side of the equilibrium position, what is the amplitude of this vibration? (Disregard frictional forces acting on the swing.) a. 8.0 c. 32 b. 16 d How are frequency and period related in simple harmonic motion? a. They are directly related. b. They are inversely related. c. Their sum is constant. d. Both measure the number of cycles per unit of time. 6
7 Which of the following features of iven pendulum changes when the pendulum is moved from Earth s surface to the moon? a. the mass c. the equilibrium position b. the length d. the restoring force 37. Which of the following is a single nonperiodic disturbance? a. pulse wave c. sine wave b. periodic wave d. transverse wave 38. Suppose that two sound waves passing through the same medium have different wavelengths. Which of the following is most likely to be the reason for the differing wavelengths? a. the nature of the medium c. differences in frequency b. differences in amplitude d. the type of wave 39. The superposition of mechanical waves can be observed in the movement of a. bumper cars. c. electromagnetic radiation. b. water waves in a ripple tank. d. violin bows in an orchestra. 40. Two mechanical waves that have positive displacements from the equilibrium position meet and coincide. What kind of interference occurs? a. constructive c. complete destructive b. destructive d. none 7
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