NEWTONIAN COLOR THEORY
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1 THEORY 2D Design Color Crash Course NEWTONIAN THEORY Color in a picture is like enthusiasm in life. -incent an Gogh
2 In 1666 Sir Isaac Newton ( ) passed a beam of light through a prism and proved that light contains the phenomena of color.
3 Color A narrow band of electromagnetic energy that the human eye can perceive. Each of the colored components of light represents a different band or range of wavelengths or frequencies. Spectrum The entire range of colors in light that the human eye can perceive.
4 Color requires three elements to exist: - light is the carrier of the spectrum of colors. - to interact with the light and produce a color. - to view the light/object interaction.
5 Color is an inherent property of light and not object.
6 Without light there is NO color.
7 Color only exists with (obseed) light.
8 - Subtractive Color An object absorbs all other colors of the spectrum other than what it reflects back.
9 - Translucent (semi-transparent) Transparent Opaque
10 - s absorb and reflect light in varying degrees. White reflects(scatters) almost all light. A mirror reflects all light. Black absorbs almost light. Colors are caused by objects reflecting and absorbing select portions of the color spectrum.
11 O G ro bg Color Wheel Newton s arrangement of colors around a circle. Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo iolet
12 O G ro bg ROY G B
13 O G ro bg Primary Colors Red Yellow Blue These colors cannot be made by mixing other colors. Theoretically, all other colors can be made from them.
14 O G ro bg P+P= Secondary
15 O G ro bg Secondary Colors Orange Green iolet Middle mixtures of two P.
16 O G ro bg S+Adjacent P= Tertiary
17 O G ro bg Tertiary Colors Red/iolet Yellow/Orange Blue/Green Red/Orange Yellow/Green Blue/iolet Middle mixture of a P and adjacent S.
18 O G ro bg Intermediate Mixtures Color combinations not defined by the color wheel. T+T, T+ non-adjacent S, S + S, etc.
19 O G ro bg Complimentary Colors s opposite one-another. Compliments neutralize each another (produce a neutral gray).
20 O G ro bg Chromatic Gray A gray created with a middle mixture of primary colors and not black and white.
21 O G ro bg X X Color Mixture The combination of two or more hues to create a S, T or intermediate color. Parent Color Colors mixed to create the new hue. Primary Colors have no parents. Middle Mixture A hue that is a ISUALLY equal mixture of its parent colors.
22 O G ro bg Properties of Color The descriptive name of a color.
23 alue O G ro bg Properties of Color alue The lightness - darkness of a hue.
24 alue O G ro bg Properties of Color alue The pureness of a hue. Maximum intensity: straight out of the tube. is often referred to as Saturation or Chroma.
25 alue Temperature O G ro bg Properties of Color alue Temperature The warmness - coolness of a hue.
26 alue Temperature O G ro bg Color Relativity Colors are not absolute! Each property of color can be altered by, and will alter the hues surrounding it.
27 alue Temperature Simultaneous Contrast O + G alue The relationship of light and dark. alue includes neutral grays. ro bg ision/perception Grays are not technically considered colors: they lack temp. and intensity. The average eye can see 40 grays, it can be trained to see many more. A computer displays 256 different shades of gray. An image that contains nothing but gray colors is a Grayscale image.
28 alue Temperature Simultaneous Contrast O + G Key Refers to the overall tonality of a hue/image. High key: image lies towards the white side of the value scale. ro Low key: image lies towards the black side of the value scale. bg ision/perception
29 alue Temperature Simultaneous Contrast O + G ro bg ision/perception Chromatic Gray Gray made with colors: compliments and a middle mixture of primaries Achromatic Gray Gray lacking any color: mixture of Black and White. Black is darkest, white is lightest variation A middle mixture between them produces Neutral Gray.
30 alue Temperature Simultaneous Contrast O + G ro bg ision/perception Tint White lightens value while reducing intensity.
31 alue Temperature Simultaneous Contrast O + G ro bg ision/perception Shade Black darkens value while reducing intensity.
32 alue Temperature Simultaneous Contrast O + G ro bg ision/perception Tone Gray neutralizes value while reducing intensity. Neutral gray will alter a color s value without altering its hue. Neutral gray of the same value as a hue will alters without affecting any other properties.
33 alue Temperature Simultaneous Contrast O + G ro bg ision/perception
34 alue Temperature Pureness of hue. Simultaneous Contrast O + G is greatest straight out of the tube. Mixing lowers intensity. Often referred to as Saturation or Chroma. ro bg ision/perception
35 alue Temperature O + G ro bg Harmony Etymology: Greek, from harmos joint pleasing arrangement Discord lack of agreement or harmony
36 alue Temperature O + G ro bg Monochromatic One hue and variations of that hue only.
37 alue Temperature O + G ro bg Complementary s opposite one another on the color wheel. Highest contrast of the color harmonies.
38 alue Temperature O + G ro bg Triadic Three hues equidistant from one another on the color wheel or chart.
39 alue Temperature O + G ro bg Analogous A hue and the two hues adjacent to it.
40 alue Temperature O + G ro bg Warm / Cool Based on the interaction of warm and cool colors.
41 alue Temperature O + G ro bg Cross (Split) Complimentary A hue and the analogous colors to its compliment.
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