Measurement and Measurement Error of Light Used for Photosynthesis & Plant Growth Richard Garcia April 20, 2010
|
|
- Margaret Hancock
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 TRANSCRIPT SLIDE 1 [00:01] Thanks Ashlee, good afternoon from LI-COR Biosciences here in Lincoln, Nebraska. Thanks for joining us. Probably the most important process on our planet, is Photosynthesis and the so called light reactions of Photosynthesis, light energy from the sun, is captured by plant foliage and used to reduce ADP SLIDE 2 [00:21]: and NADP to ATP and NADPH this store of biochemical energy, can be used to fix carbon from atmospheric CO 2 into sugar compounds in The Calvin Cycle or the Dark Reactions. SLIDE 3 [00:40]: Although the sun provides energy across a broad range of wavelengths, plants can only use energy in a much narrower range of wavelengths. Today, we typically think of plants absorbing light in visible wave bands between about nm, represented here by the yellow bar. This wavelength range represents about 50% of the total energy we receive from the Sun. SLIDE 4 [1:09]: Research and technical advances in the 1960 s and early 1970 s, allowed Scientists to refine the definition of light used for plant growth. Keith McCree, published a series of classic articles which he outlined the need for a definition of photosynthetically active radiation which would be accepted across the scientific community. SLIDE 5 [1:35]: McCree studied the leaf spectral properties of 22 different plant species grown under a range of conditions. In his study he specifically evaluated: A, in the top figure, the light Absorptance spectrum determined by measuring the total incident light on the leaf, the reflected light from the leaf surface, Page 1 of 5
2 and the transmitted light through the leaf. And then, by difference, he calculated the light absorbed by the leaf. This procedure requires a Spectroradiometer and an integrating sphere. B, the Action Spectra, was determined through normalizing the photosynthetic rate, by the light energy incident on the leaf. And finally C, the Spectra of Quantum Yield, was evaluated by normalizing the photosynthetic rate to the quanta of light absorbed across the light Absorptance spectra. SLIDE 6 [2:32]: McCree showed that there is some variation in Spectra properties of leaves, due to growth history and species. As you can see in this figure, which shows the variation in the absorption spectra of maze leaves, with varying degrees of chlorophyll density. McCree s conclusion was that, we cannot define a single sensor with a perfect spectral response. He went on to reiterate the importance of establishing a well defined measuring stick that the scientific community would accept. SLIDE 7 [3:11]: After evaluating all his data, McCree concluded that the best definition of photosynthetically ctive radiation or PAR, is a flat response between 400 and 700 nm. In this figure, we have overlaid this proposed definition over a quantum yield spectra of a typical plant. The scientific community has accepted this definition, and it now represents what would be the ideal sensor response. Besides the term PAR Photosynthetically active radiation, other terms that scientist use to describe light used for photosynthesis and plant growth, include PPFD or Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density, and PFD, Photon Flux Density. SLIDE 8 [4:04]: Now that we have a definition of what we want to measure, let s talk about the measurement. Light is typically measure using passive solid state electronic devices, such as photodiodes. There are hundreds of these devises from various manufacturers, all with different spectral properties. None of these devises match the ideal sensor response. But with judicious selection of sensor and the use of optical filters, we can come close to the ideal sensor response. SLIDE 9 [4:38]: Page 2 of 5
3 In this slide, we chosen to compare three commercially available sensors that have been used to measure PAR. The response of the sensor in each case was compared to the ideal response, represented by the rectangle in each figure. The sensors we have chosen to compare are, in figure A; the Gallium Arsenide Phosphide sensor, which is an unfiltered, smaller, more economical sensor. B; a Kipp & Zonen model PAR Lite, which is a filtered photodiode. And C; the LI-COR model LI-190 filtered photodiode. In these figures, any area colored in blue represents overestimation by the sensor within the defined 400 to 700 nm range. Any area colored with yellow, represents underestimation by the sensor within the defined 400 to 700 nm range. And finally, any area colored with red, represents overestimation by the sensor, due to response outside the defined 400 to 700 nm range. SLIDE 10 [5:52]: The standard LI-COR calibration process for each sensor manufactured includes analysis of the specter response of the sensor, to a tungsten halogen reference lamp by output comparison to a reference sensor, with a known spectral response. The procedure by definition results in a total sensor error of zero, where the overestimates and underestimates cancel each other out, as you can see in the table in the bottom left hand corner of this figure. For example in figure A, the Gallium Arsenide Phosphide sensor, has substantial errors, but the underestimation at the low ends and high ends of the PAR region, have been balanced out in the calibration by the overestimates at the mid-range PAR response. Once a sensor s been calibrated with a specific light source, if we change to a different light source with different spectral characteristics, the sensor error will change depending on how the sensitivity of the sensor lines up with the spectral properties of the light source. In order to illustrate these types of errors, we first need to look at typical spectra for light sensors. Moderator: Rick, may I interrupt you with a question? The question I have is, I see that some manufactures offer calibration that are tailored for a specific light source, how does that work? Page 3 of 5
4 Well, in that situation, in the calibration process the manufacturer would use a reference lamp, with spectral properties similar to the properties of the light source the sensor s being tailored for. The problem with this approach is, that the sensor is likely to have greater errors when it s used under other lighting conditions. Let s move on. SLIDE 11 [7:45]: In this slide, we ve plotted the spectral properties of seven different lighting situations. The three most extreme examples in these plots, or plot A, where we have open sky conditions. Plot D, where red LED with a peak output of 680 nm, and plot G, where we have daylight under a fully developed soybean canopy. In the figure at the top of this slide, we ve superimposed the light source spectra for daylight under a soybean canopy, SLIDE 12 [8:20]: over the Kipp & Zonen sensor response, to illustrate how sensor errors change depending on the spectra of the light being measured. In this particular case, where most of the incident light is between 650 and 750 nm this sensor substantially overestimates PAR, because of the sensors high sensitivity outside the PAR waveband, there which is greater than 60% is computed as the integration or summation of the products in the equation, that s above the table. SLIDE 13 [8::59]: In another illustration, we have overlaid the light source spectra for a red LED with peak output at 680 nm over the sensor response spectra of the Gallium Arsenide sensor, although most of the output from the LED falls within the defined PAR region, a significant portion of the LED s output is outside the Gallium Arsenide sensor s range of detection and therefore the sensor underestimates the PAR from this source by more than 84%. SLIDE 14 [9:32]: Page 4 of 5
5 In this table, we want to examine the measurement errors of the LI-COR LI-190 sensor across the full range of lighting conditions. While the response of the LI-COR sensor is not a perfect reflection of the peak PAR definition, it does follow it very closely. And, it is the only sensor which gives reasonable accuracy with errors less than 5%, regardless of the source of light. SLIDE 15 [10:01]: In this presentation, we set out to compare sensors to the ideal measuring stick response. We also have a Technical Note, technical note #126 which you can download from our website. Thank you. SLIDE 16 [10:17]: Moderator: Thanks Rick, I have just one question for you, and that is; I know that LI-COR uses Gallium Arsenide Sensors for some of the LI-6400 s Portable Photosynthesis System Chambers, why do you use them if there measurements are not as actuate? That s an excellent question Ashlee. In Photosynthesis measurements, our objective is to quantify the light as close as possible to the leaf surface; the problem is that the packaging for our standard quantum sensor, which has several filters in it, requires a much larger package. To get the quality of sensor we want, and it s not practical to get that sensor very close to the plane of the leaf in some measurement conditions, so we ve chosen to offer the Gallium Arsenide sensor, which is a much smaller sensor and can be located right at the plane of the leaf, so that it s seeing the same light that the leaf is seeing. Now, in the LI-6400 System we also offer an option to include a standard quantum sensor, so the scientist can get both a very accurate measurement of the light that s available with the standard quantum sensor the LI-190, but at the same time can measure light with the Gallium Arsenide Sensor, right at the plane of the leaf, very closely with the very small sensor that we have in that package. Page 5 of 5
Comparison of Quantum Sensors with Different Spectral Sensitivities
Comparison of Quantum Sensors with Different Spectral Sensitivities Technical Note Almost all the energy on the earth s surface comes directly or indirectly from the sun. Plants convert light energy from
More informationThe Standard for over 40 Years
Light Measurement The Standard for over 40 Years Introduction LI-COR radiation sensors measure the flux of radiant energy the energy that drives plant growth, warms the earth, and lights our world. The
More informationLI-192 Underwater Quantum Sensor
LI-192 Underwater Quantum Sensor The LI-192 Underwater Quantum Sensor measures PAR from all angles in one hemisphere. The LI-192 works in air or underwater at depths up to 560 meters. The measurements
More informationELPL-COB SERIES LIGHT-ENGINE CATALOGUE
ELPL-COB SERIES LIGHT-ENGINE CATALOGUE Copyright Notice: This publication is copyright 2016 - EconoLux Industries Limited All Rights Reserved Published by: EconoLux Industries Ltd., www.econoluxindustries.com
More informationELPL-COB-100W SERIES LIGHT-ENGINE CATALOGUE
Admin: 7F, Kin On Commercial Building, 49-51 Jervois Street, Sheun Wan, Hong Kong ELPL-COB-100W SERIES LIGHT-ENGINE CATALOGUE Copyright Notice: This publication is copyright 2016 - EconoLux Industries
More informationOWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM SENSOR. Model SQ-500. (including SS model)
OWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM SENSOR Model SQ-500 (including SS model) APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 FAX: (435) 787-8268 WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM Copyright
More informationHorticultural LED Grow Tube Model: LX-GLT10
SunPlus 3535 Horticultural Grow Chip LED Grow tube uses the new light spectrum optimized horticulture Sunplus 3535 SMD LEDs for higher yields and lower operating costs compared to standard horticultural
More informationOWNER S MANUAL USB QUANTUM SENSOR. Model SQ-520
OWNER S MANUAL USB QUANTUM SENSOR Model SQ-520 APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 FAX: (435) 787-8268 WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM Copyright 2016 Apogee
More informationLI-193 Spherical Quantum Sensor
LI-193 Spherical Quantum Sensor The LI-193 Spherical Quantum Sensor measures PAR in air or underwater from all directions at depths up to 350 meters. This sensor is useful for studies of phytoplankton,
More informationLecture 2. Electromagnetic radiation principles. Units, image resolutions.
NRMT 2270, Photogrammetry/Remote Sensing Lecture 2 Electromagnetic radiation principles. Units, image resolutions. Tomislav Sapic GIS Technologist Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University
More informationUNDERWATER QUANTUM METER
OWNER S MANUAL UNDERWATER QUANTUM METER Models MQ-510 APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 FAX: (435) 787-8268 WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM Copyright 2016
More informationCALMIT Field Program. Center for Advanced Land Management Information Technologies (CALMIT) University of Nebraska Lincoln
CALMIT Field Program Center for Advanced Land Management Information Technologies (CALMIT) University of Nebraska Lincoln Field Program: Three Areas Agriculture Surface Waters Coastal / Marine 1) Agriculture
More informationThe University of Toledo R. Ellingson and M. Heben
focal length, f Spectral Measurement Using a Monochromator, Thermopile Detector, and Lock-In Amplifier September 18, 2012 The University of Toledo R. Ellingson and M. Heben Where are We, Where we are Going?
More informationOWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM SENSOR. Model SQ-521
OWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM SENSOR Model SQ-521 APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 FAX: (435) 787-8268 WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM Copyright 2018 Apogee
More informationOWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM METER. Models MQ-100, MQ-200, and MQ-300 Series
OWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM METER Models MQ-100, MQ-200, and MQ-300 Series APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 FAX: (435) 787-8268 WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM
More informationThe Standard for over 40 Years
Light Measurement The Standard for over 40 Years Introduction LI-COR radiation sensors measure the flux of radiant energy the energy that drives plant growth, warms the earth, and lights our world. The
More informationIntroduction to Remote Sensing
Introduction to Remote Sensing Daniel McInerney Urban Institute Ireland, University College Dublin, Richview Campus, Clonskeagh Drive, Dublin 14. 16th June 2009 Presentation Outline 1 2 Spaceborne Sensors
More informationOWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM METER. Model JMQ -100,JMQ-200, and JMQ-300 Series
OWNER S MANUAL QUANTUM METER Model JMQ -100,JMQ-200, and JMQ-300 Series 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY... 3 INTRODUCTION.. 4 SENSOR MODELS... 5 SPECIFICATIONS. 6 DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION..
More informationSpectrally Selective Sensors for PV System Performance Monitoring
Spectrally Selective Sensors for PV System Performance Monitoring Anton Driesse, Daniela Dirnberger, Christian Reise, Nils Reich Fraunhofer ISE, Freiburg, Germany Abstract The main purpose of PV system
More informationLight emitting diode (LED) Lighting for Greenhouse Crops
Light emitting diode (LED) Lighting for Greenhouse Crops A.J. Both Associate Extension Specialist Dept. of Environmental Sciences both@aesop.rutgers.edu Electromagnetic radiation spectrum http://www.zulyzami.com
More informationCalibration of a High Dynamic Range, Low Light Level Visible Source
Calibration of a High Dynamic Range, Low Light Level Visible Source Joe LaVeigne a, Todd Szarlan a, Nate Radtke a a Santa Barbara Infrared, Inc., 30 S. Calle Cesar Chavez, #D, Santa Barbara, CA 93103 ABSTRACT
More informationUNDERWATER QUANTUM METER
OWNER S MANUAL UNDERWATER QUANTUM METER Model MQ-210 APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: (435) 792-4700 FAX: (435) 787-8268 WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM Copyright 2016
More informationPhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1 Q1. Just over two hundred years ago Thomas Young demonstrated the interference of light by illuminating two closely spaced narrow slits with light from a single light source.
More informationBest in Class - reliable plant stress
Phone 603-883-4400 Fax: 603-883-4410 Email: sales@optisci.com Website: www.optisci.com OS1p Chlorophyll Best in Class - reliable plant stress measurement using light and dark adapted tests. Reliable -
More informationLEDs, Photodetectors and Solar Cells
LEDs, Photodetectors and Solar Cells Chapter 7 (Parker) ELEC 424 John Peeples Why the Interest in Photons? Answer: Momentum and Radiation High electrical current density destroys minute polysilicon and
More informationCapturing Light in man and machine
Capturing Light in man and machine 15-463: Computational Photography Alexei Efros, CMU, Fall 2008 Image Formation Digital Camera Film The Eye Digital camera A digital camera replaces film with a sensor
More informationFluorCam PAR- Absorptivity Module & NDVI Measurement
FluorCam PAR- Absorptivity Module & NDVI Measurement Instruction Manual Please read this manual before operating this product P PSI, spol. s r. o., Drásov 470, 664 24 Drásov, Czech Republic FAX: +420 511
More informationPhotosynthesis. photosynthesis. respiration
Photosynthesis Learning Goals After completing this laboratory exercise you will be able to: 1. Observe the absorption spectrum of the pigment Chlorophyll using a spectroscope. 2. Describe the relationship
More informationTest 1: Example #2. Paul Avery PHY 3400 Feb. 15, Note: * indicates the correct answer.
Test 1: Example #2 Paul Avery PHY 3400 Feb. 15, 1999 Note: * indicates the correct answer. 1. A red shirt illuminated with yellow light will appear (a) orange (b) green (c) blue (d) yellow * (e) red 2.
More informationTHE LUX IS A POOR PREDICTOR OF PHOTOCHEMICAL DAMAGE
THE LUX IS A POOR PREDICTOR OF PHOTOCHEMICAL DAMAGE The damage done by light depends on the intensity of the light and also on the distribution of the radiant energy over the visible spectrum. The diagram
More informationProduct tags: VIS, Spectral Data, Color Temperature, CRI, Bilirubin, PAR, Scotopic, Luminous Color, Photometry, General lighting
MSC15 http://www.gigahertz-optik.de/en-us/product/msc15 Product tags: VIS, Spectral Data, Color Temperature, CRI, Bilirubin, PAR, Scotopic, Luminous Color, Photometry, General lighting Gigahertz-Optik
More informationEXPERIMENT 3 THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
EXPERIMENT 3 THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT Equipment List Included Equipment 1. Mercury Light Source Enclosure 2. Track, 60 cm 3. Photodiode Enclosure 4. Mercury Light Source Power Supply 5. DC Current Amplifier
More informationApplication Notes Photoconductive Cells
APPLICATION NOTE #1 Light - Some Physical Basics Light is produced by the release of energy from the atoms of a material when they are excited by heat, chemical reaction or other means. Light travels through
More informationHow is Light Absorbed and Transmitted?
How is Light Absorbed and Transmitted? Description: Students will examine the absorption and transmission of light by color filters with the help of a light source and a diffraction grating. Student Materials
More informationMONITORING CROP GROWTH STATUS BASED ON OPTICAL SENSOR
MONITORING CROP GROWTH STATUS BASED ON OPTICAL SENSOR Di Cui 1, Minzan Li 1, Yan Zhu 2, Weixing Cao 2, Xijie Zhang 1 1 Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry
More informationPackage photobiologysensors
Type Package Package photobiologysensors Title Spectral Response Data for Light Sensors Version 0.4.0 Date 2018-02-26 February 26, 2018 Maintainer Pedro J. Aphalo Spectral response
More informationGoals of the Lab: Photodetectors and Noise (Part 2) Department of Physics. Slide 1. PHYSICS6770 Laboratory 4
Slide 1 Goals of the Lab: Understand the origin and properties of thermal noise Understand the origin and properties of optical shot noise In this lab, You will qualitatively and quantitatively determine
More informationINDIUM SENSOR. Type X.5 Series
Type X.5 Series This type is meeting higher demands in accuracy. It's equpped with a light entrance window made of flat glass (or a PMMA if preferred). The material is UV-penetrable and long term resistant
More informationLlIGHT REVIEW PART 2 DOWNLOAD, PRINT and submit for 100 points
WRITE ON SCANTRON WITH NUMBER 2 PENCIL DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST LlIGHT REVIEW PART 2 DOWNLOAD, PRINT and submit for 100 points Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or
More informationInfluence of the light spectral distribution used in the radiometers calibration
Influence of the light spectral distribution used in the radiometers calibration J C Moraes and L O Guerra Allergisa Pesquisa Dermato-Cosmética Ltda GRUPO INVESTIGA, 452. Dr. Romeu Tórtima Avenue, Postcode:
More information20W TL 324 smd LED Warm White by Simplify-It
20W TL 324 smd LED Warm White by Simplify-It Page 1 of 17 Summary measurement data parameter meas. result remark Color temperature 3378 K Warm white, still on the cool side of warm white. Luminous intensity
More informationAn NDVI image provides critical crop information that is not visible in an RGB or NIR image of the same scene. For example, plants may appear green
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Spectral Band calculation that uses the visible (RGB) and near-infrared (NIR) bands of the electromagnetic spectrum NDVI= + An NDVI image provides critical
More informationBTS256-EF. Product tags: VIS, Spectral Measurement, Waterproof, WiFi. Gigahertz-Optik GmbH 1/7
BTS256-EF http://www.gigahertz-optik.de/en-us/product/bts256-ef Product tags: VIS, Spectral Measurement, Waterproof, WiFi Gigahertz-Optik GmbH 1/7 Description Traditional lux meters are increasingly being
More informationRAMSES. A modular multispectral radiometer for light measurements in the UV and VIS
RAMSES A modular multispectral radiometer for light measurements in the UV and VIS Rüdiger Heuermann a, Rainer Reuter b and Rainer Willkomm a a TriOS Mess- und Datentechnik GmbH, Oldenburg, Germany b Fachbereich
More informationQUANTITATIVE GLOBAL MAPPING OF TERRESTRIAL VEGETATION PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE FLUORESCENCE EXPLORER (FLEX) MISSION
2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium July 23 28, 2017 Fort Worth, Texas, USA Session MO3.L12 - International Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy Missions: Updates and News I QUANTITATIVE
More information746A27 Remote Sensing and GIS. Multi spectral, thermal and hyper spectral sensing and usage
746A27 Remote Sensing and GIS Lecture 3 Multi spectral, thermal and hyper spectral sensing and usage Chandan Roy Guest Lecturer Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University Multi
More informationHorticultural Lighting Test Report
Horticultural Lighting Test Report Relevant Standards IES LM-79-2008 ANSI C78.377-2011, ANSI C82.77-2002 CIE 13.3-1995, CIE 15-2004, IES TM-30-15 Prepared For Smart Grow Technologies 69319 Panoramic Dr
More informationLight, Color, Spectra 05/30/2006. Lecture 17 1
What do we see? Light Our eyes can t t detect intrinsic light from objects (mostly infrared), unless they get red hot The light we see is from the sun or from artificial light When we see objects, we see
More informationProduct tags: VIS, Spectral Data, Color Temperature, CRI, Waterproof, WiFi, Luminous Color, LED, Photometry, General lighting
BTS256-EF https://www.gigahertz-optik.de/en-us/product/bts256-ef Product tags: VIS, Spectral Data, Color Temperature, CRI, Waterproof, WiFi, Luminous Color, LED, Photometry, General lighting Gigahertz-Optik
More informationFire testing: Calibration of smoke opacity measuring systems
Subject of Agreement EGOLF AGREEMENT 002-2016 Calibration of smoke opacity measuring systems Related test standard EN 13823 Date of issue Reference original query SM3:1996 Previous publication number (if
More informationDirty REMOTE SENSING Lecture 3: First Steps in classifying Stuart Green Earthobservation.wordpress.com
Dirty REMOTE SENSING Lecture 3: First Steps in classifying Stuart Green Earthobservation.wordpress.com Stuart.Green@Teagasc.ie You have your image, but is it any good? Is it full of cloud? Is it the right
More informationPrelab Exercise. Stop and Think: Reflectance. % Reflectance. Absorbance Spectra of Photosynthetic Pigments. Contents
Contents 1 Prelab Exercise 2 Stop and Think: Reflectance 3 The Role of Light in Carbohydrate Synthesis 4 Measuring Absorbance Prelab Exercise 1. Fill the Color field in the table below 2. Use plot.ly to
More informationPhotometric Test Report
Photometric Test Report Relevant Standards IES LM-79-2008, ANSI C82.77-2002, CIE 13.3-1995 CIE 15-2004, ANSI C78.377-2015, IES TM-30-2015 Prepared For Smart Grow Technologies 69319 Panoramic Dr Sisters,
More informationSpectral Reflectance Sensor SRS-NDVI
The Spectral Reflectance Sensor NDVI continuously monitors the NDVI of our plant canopy. Measure NDVI or PRI vegetation indices at the plot or plant stand scale. Non-destructive sampling of canopy greenup,
More informationLight waves. VCE Physics.com. Light waves - 2
Light waves What is light? The electromagnetic spectrum Waves Wave equations Light as electromagnetic radiation Polarisation Colour Colour addition Colour subtraction Interference & structural colour Light
More informationCalibration of ARM Spectral Shortwave Radiometers
Calibration of ARM Spectral Shortwave Radiometers J. J. Michalsky, J. L. Berndt, P. W. Kiedron, and L. C. Harrison Atmospheric Sciences Research Center State University of New York at Albany Albany, New
More informationLED T5 30cm Warm White by BS Ledlight
LED T5 30cm Warm White by BS Ledlight Page 1 of 18 Summary measurement data parameter meas. result remark Color temperature 3670 K On the cool side of warm white. Luminous intensity I v 36 Cd Measured
More informationObserving a colour and a spectrum of light mixed by a digital projector
Observing a colour and a spectrum of light mixed by a digital projector Zdeněk Navrátil Abstract In this paper an experiment studying a colour and a spectrum of light produced by a digital projector is
More informationApplications of Steady-state Multichannel Spectroscopy in the Visible and NIR Spectral Region
Feature Article JY Division I nformation Optical Spectroscopy Applications of Steady-state Multichannel Spectroscopy in the Visible and NIR Spectral Region Raymond Pini, Salvatore Atzeni Abstract Multichannel
More information07-Lighting Concepts. EE570 Energy Utilization & Conservation Professor Henry Louie
07-Lighting Concepts EE570 Energy Utilization & Conservation Professor Henry Louie 1 Overview Light Luminosity Function Lumens Candela Illuminance Luminance Design Motivation Lighting comprises approximately
More information1. Theory of remote sensing and spectrum
1. Theory of remote sensing and spectrum 7 August 2014 ONUMA Takumi Outline of Presentation Electromagnetic wave and wavelength Sensor type Spectrum Spatial resolution Spectral resolution Mineral mapping
More informationMeasuring optical filters
Measuring optical filters Application Note Author Don Anderson and Michelle Archard Agilent Technologies, Inc. Mulgrave, Victoria 3170, Australia Introduction Bandpass filters are used to isolate a narrow
More informationH22: Lamps and Colour
page 1 of 5 H22: Lamps and Colour James H Nobbs Colour4Free.org Each type of light source provides a different distribution of power within the spectrum. For example, daylight has more power in the blue/green
More informationConsiderations When Transitioning from Lamp-based to LED-based Radiant Flux Sources
1-858-279-8034 www.gamma-sci.com 9925 Carroll Canyon Rd San Diego, CA 92131 Considerations When Transitioning from Lamp-based to LED-based Radiant Flux Sources Introduction Lamp-based radiant flux sources
More informationFOR 353: Air Photo Interpretation and Photogrammetry. Lecture 2. Electromagnetic Energy/Camera and Film characteristics
FOR 353: Air Photo Interpretation and Photogrammetry Lecture 2 Electromagnetic Energy/Camera and Film characteristics Lecture Outline Electromagnetic Radiation Theory Digital vs. Analog (i.e. film ) Systems
More informationCapturing Light in man and machine
Capturing Light in man and machine 15-463: Computational Photography Alexei Efros, CMU, Fall 2010 Etymology PHOTOGRAPHY light drawing / writing Image Formation Digital Camera Film The Eye Sensor Array
More informationBasic Components of Spectroscopic. Instrumentation
Basic Components of Spectroscopic Ahmad Aqel Ifseisi Assistant Professor of Analytical Chemistry College of Science, Department of Chemistry King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
More informationGLOSSARY OF TERMS. Terminology Used for Ultraviolet (UV) Curing Process Design and Measurement
GLOSSARY OF TERMS Terminology Used for Ultraviolet (UV) Curing Process Design and Measurement This glossary of terms has been assembled in order to provide users, formulators, suppliers and researchers
More information746A27 Remote Sensing and GIS
746A27 Remote Sensing and GIS Lecture 1 Concepts of remote sensing and Basic principle of Photogrammetry Chandan Roy Guest Lecturer Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University What
More informationis a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic
is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. The
More informationPhotometric Calibration for Wide- Area Space Surveillance Sensors
Photometric Calibration for Wide- Area Space Surveillance Sensors J.S. Stuart, E. C. Pearce, R. L. Lambour 2007 US-Russian Space Surveillance Workshop 30-31 October 2007 The work was sponsored by the Department
More informationThe equipment used share any common features regardless of the! being measured. Electronic detection was not always available.
The equipment used share any common features regardless of the! being measured. Each will have a light source sample cell! selector We ll now look at various equipment types. Electronic detection was not
More informationJoliot Type Spectrometer. photosynthesis system JTS-10. A LED pump-probe spectrometer
photosynthesis system Joliot Type Spectrometer JTS-10 A LED pump-probe spectrometer General Specifications Standard applications Single setup for fluorescence and absorbance changes NPQ Integrated array
More informationSpectroscopy in the UV and Visible: Instrumentation. Spectroscopy in the UV and Visible: Instrumentation
Spectroscopy in the UV and Visible: Instrumentation Typical UV-VIS instrument 1 Source - Disperser Sample (Blank) Detector Readout Monitor the relative response of the sample signal to the blank Transmittance
More informationTechnical Notes. Integrating Sphere Measurement Part II: Calibration. Introduction. Calibration
Technical Notes Integrating Sphere Measurement Part II: Calibration This Technical Note is Part II in a three part series examining the proper maintenance and use of integrating sphere light measurement
More informationHorticultural Lighting Test Report
UL LLC 1075 W Lambert Rd Suite B Brea, CA 92821 Horticultural Lighting Test Report Relevant Standards IES LM-79-2008, ANSI C82.77-2002, CIE 13.3-1995 CIE 15-2004, ANSI C78.377-2015, IES TM-30-2015 Prepared
More informationPhotometry for Traffic Engineers...
Photometry for Traffic Engineers... Workshop presented at the annual meeting of the Transportation Research Board in January 2000 by Frank Schieber Heimstra Human Factors Laboratories University of South
More informationGEO-SolarSIM-D2 and SunTracker-2000/3000
GEO-SolarSIM-D2 and SunTracker-2000/3000 THE PERFECT MARRIAGE BETWEEN A SOLAR SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE METER AND A SOLAR TRACKER CONTROLLED BY A REMOTE VERY LOW POWER CONSUMPTION DATALOGGER The GEO-SolarSIM-D2
More information12/02/2017. From light to colour spaces. Electromagnetic spectrum. Colour. Correlated colour temperature. Black body radiation.
From light to colour spaces Light and colour Advanced Graphics Rafal Mantiuk Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge 1 2 Electromagnetic spectrum Visible light Electromagnetic waves of wavelength
More informationTypical LED Characteristics
Typical LED Characteristics Characteristic Unit Value Light output 1 mw > 1 2 Peak wavelength 3 nm 255 nm to 28 nm 4 Viewing angle Degrees 11 5 Full width at half maximum 3 (@1 ma) nm 16 Forward voltage
More informationChemistry 524--"Hour Exam"--Keiderling Mar. 19, pm SES
Chemistry 524--"Hour Exam"--Keiderling Mar. 19, 2013 -- 2-4 pm -- 170 SES Please answer all questions in the answer book provided. Calculators, rulers, pens and pencils permitted. No open books allowed.
More informationIn Situ Measured Spectral Radiation of Natural Objects
In Situ Measured Spectral Radiation of Natural Objects Dietmar Wueller; Image Engineering; Frechen, Germany Abstract The only commonly known source for some in situ measured spectral radiances is ISO 732-
More informationLI-250A. Light Meter Instruction Manual. Publication Number March, 2004
LI-250A Light Meter Instruction Manual Publication Number 984-07507 March, 2004 LI-COR, Inc. Environmental 4421 Superior Street P.O. Box 4425 Lincoln, Nebraska 68504 Phone: (402) 467-3576 FAX: (402) 467-2819
More informationTunable wideband infrared detector array for global space awareness
Tunable wideband infrared detector array for global space awareness Jonathan R. Andrews 1, Sergio R. Restaino 1, Scott W. Teare 2, Sanjay Krishna 3, Mike Lenz 3, J.S. Brown 3, S.J. Lee 3, Christopher C.
More informationChapter 8. Remote sensing
1. Remote sensing 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Remote sensing 8.3 Resolution 8.4 Landsat 8.5 Geostationary satellites GOES 8.1 Introduction What is remote sensing? One can describe remote sensing in different
More informationOutline for today. Geography 411/611 Remote sensing: Principles and Applications. Remote sensing: RS for biogeochemical cycles
Geography 411/611 Remote sensing: Principles and Applications Thomas Albright, Associate Professor Laboratory for Conservation Biogeography, Department of Geography & Program in Ecology, Evolution, & Conservation
More informationLab 9 Photosynthesis. Background. Chromatography. Light Absorption
Lab 9 Photosynthesis Background Plants, cyanobacteria, and algae convert light energy to chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis. This process involves utilizing light energy to combine water
More informationFigure 1: Percent reflectance for various features, including the five spectra from Table 1, at different wavelengths from 0.4µm to 1.4µm.
Section 1: The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1. The wavelength range that has the highest reflectance for broadleaf vegetation and needle leaf vegetation is 0.75µm to 1.05µm. 2. Dry soil can be distinguished
More informationI D = I so e I. where: = constant T = junction temperature [K] I so = inverse saturating current I = photovoltaic current
H7. Photovoltaics: Solar Power I. INTRODUCTION The sun is practically an endless source of energy. Most of the energy used in the history of mankind originated from the sun (coal, petroleum, etc.). The
More informationPhotometry for Traffic Engineers...
Photometry for Traffic Engineers... Workshop presented at the annual meeting of the Transportation Research Board in January 2000 by Frank Schieber Heimstra Human Factors Laboratories University of South
More informationColor Measurement with the LSS-100P
Color Measurement with the LSS-100P Color is complicated. This paper provides a brief overview of color perception and measurement. XYZ and the Eye We can model the color perception of the eye as three
More informationABSTRACT INTRODUCTION METHOD
ABSTRACT This research project aims to investigate and illustrate the effects a light source s spectral distribution and colour temperature has on photographic image colour reproduction, and how this often
More informationCapturing Light in man and machine
Capturing Light in man and machine CS194: Image Manipulation & Computational Photography Alexei Efros, UC Berkeley, Fall 2015 Etymology PHOTOGRAPHY light drawing / writing Image Formation Digital Camera
More informationThe ultimate guide To living green Wall lighting
The ultimate guide To living green Wall lighting by Eric Westerduin of Suite Plants Page 1 Table of Contents Introduction 4 Types of Light 6 Measuring Light Intensity 7 Light Quality 8 Selecting the Right
More informationCapturing Light in man and machine
Capturing Light in man and machine CS194: Image Manipulation & Computational Photography Alexei Efros, UC Berkeley, Fall 2014 Etymology PHOTOGRAPHY light drawing / writing Image Formation Digital Camera
More informationGeo/SAT 2 INTRODUCTION TO REMOTE SENSING
Geo/SAT 2 INTRODUCTION TO REMOTE SENSING Paul R. Baumann, Professor Emeritus State University of New York College at Oneonta Oneonta, New York 13820 USA COPYRIGHT 2008 Paul R. Baumann Introduction Remote
More informationSPECTROCLICK KIT EXPLORE THE INTERACTION OF LIGHT AND MATTER THE SCIENCE OF SPECTROSCOPY. 101 W. Tomaras Ave. Bldg.
SPECTROCLICK KIT EXPLORE THE INTERACTION OF LIGHT AND MATTER THE SCIENCE OF SPECTROSCOPY 101 W. Tomaras Ave. Bldg. B Savoy, IL 61874 WARNING: NOT INTENDED FOR CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 6 ADULT SUPERVISION
More informationA Photo Junction Field-Effect Transistor. (photojfet) Based on a Colloidal Quantum Dot. Absorber/Channel Layer
SUPPORTING INFORMATION A Photo Junction Field-Effect Transistor (photojfet) Based on a Colloidal Quantum Dot Absorber/Channel Layer Valerio Adinolfi ɫ, Illan J. Kramer ɫ, Andre J. Labelle ɫ, Brandon R.
More informationPhotoelectric effect
Photoelectric effect Objective Study photoelectric effect. Measuring and Calculating Planck s constant, h. Measuring Current-Voltage Characteristics of photoelectric Spectral Lines. Theory Experiments
More informationLab Junior Educational UV-VIS Spectrometer
www.ietltd.com Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL +1.847.913.0777 for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment Lab Junior Educational UV-VIS Spectrometer K-MAC Lab Junior was developed
More information