CAPTURING THE MUSIC OF THE NIGHT: AN INTRODUCTION TO NIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY. Steven E. Labkoff, MD LuminantPix.com

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1 CAPTURING THE MUSIC OF THE NIGHT: AN INTRODUCTION TO NIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY Steven E. Labkoff, MD LuminantPix.com

2 OUTLINE Equipment Planning your shoot The Right Settings for the Venue Specific shoot considerations Subjects Earth The Moon The Stars & the Milky Way The Sun Other subjects Techniques Light Painting

3 Dark Skies Tools Closest locations to NYC Metro area are in Up State New York or Connecitcut, Western Massachusetts or Upper VT or NH and inland Maine iphone and Android Apps: Photographer s Ephemeris Star Walk PhotoPills QDSLR Dashboard (for nighttime time lapse of the moon) THE FIRST THING YOU NEED DARK SKIES

4 EQUIPMENT: YOUR CAMERA AND ACCESSORIES DSLR, mirrorless, or large format camera generally best Point-and-shoots do not generally have the dynamic range and may not have the manual settings needed Need a sensor that can handle long exposures ISO for night photography Cable Release Timer / Intervalometer Dew Heater Tripod (essential) Flash light w/ gels

5 Type Pro Con Wired Extremely accurate Need Fresh Battery Need to attach to tripod Wireless Accurate Interference can skip shots Smartphone-based It s always with you Battery life always an issue If your phone rings, what happens to your sequence? Built-in Camera Firmware Always with your camera EQUIPMENT: THE REMOTE SHUTTER/INTERVALOMETER Not always accurate on the interval

6 EQUIPMENT: YOUR TRIPOD The Tripod Aside from the camera, THE most important part of the set up Stability is key Your setup CAN NOT MOVE at all Use weights/sand bags on bottom for maximum stability Make sure your Tripod can support all the weight of your kit a DSLR w/ 24-70mm f2.8 lens can top out at over 4.5 lbs or 2 kg.

7 EQUIPMENT: LIGHT MODIFIERS Flash lights Tea candles Gels Fireworks Glow Sticks

8 EQUIPMENT: LIGHT MODIFIERS This shot was done with a Nikon D750, ISO 1600, 17 mm, f2.8, 30seconds. Light on cabin was a small hand held flash light Light INSIDE cabin were 2 tea candles

9 WHAT S IN MY CAMERA BAG Nikon D mm f2.8 Wide Angle Zoom mm f2.8 Zoom 50 mm f1.8 prime mm f Zoom Flash Light (with different colored gels) Dew Heater Lens Cleaning Rags USB Battery Pack ipad w/ assorted software titles Intervalometer Intervalometer cable tips (Nikon, Olympus Olympus OM-D 5 Mark II Olympus 7-14 mm zoom Pro Lens Olympus mm zoom Olympus 9-18 mm f mm zoom Olympus mm f mm zoom Manfrotto carbon fiber tripod w/ Manfrotto plates for each camera Polarie Clock Drive

10 PLANNING YOUR SHOT: MANUAL IS THE WORD All your camera exposure settings should be set to MANUAL ISO Exposure (shutter speed / aperture) White Balance Shooting mode: RAW

11 PLANNING YOUR SHOOT: VENUE Planning your shoot is critical to success Think about your subject, location, foreground, background, etc. Are Tripods allowed? Are YOU allowed? Considerations Movement vs no movement: eg: Star Trails One light source or many (or none) Do you need filters? Time of year (hot, cold, dew) Long or short exposure Light painting Set the Camera Image Quality to RAW DON T FORGET! Mind the Gap (Times Square, NY by night) Olympus OM-D 5 Mark 2, 7mm, ISO 100, 2.0 sec f 20

12 PLANNING YOUR SHOOT: EXPOSURE SETTINGS: WHITE BALANCE & ISO White Balance Subject/Setting City-scape, City-Walk Moon Stars Sun White Balance Incandescent / Tungsten, Auto or Sunlight Auto or Sunlight Sunlight ISO Subject/Setting ISO City-scape, City-Walk Moon Stars Sun As low as your camera goes

13 PLANNING YOUR SHOOT: SETTINGS NOISE REDUCTION In Camera Noise Reduction High ISO Noise Reduction GENERALLY DO NOT USE do NR in Post production Advise: Turn it off and use Photoshop or Lightroom Long Exposure Noise Reduction Can use, but it will double the time needed for an exposure - if a 30 min exposure, it will shoot a second long exposure for a Dark Frame to be shot to then digitally subtract from the main image in the camera Advise: TURN IT OFF and use Postproduction or Lightroom

14 DON T FORGET TO SET THE CAMERA TO RAW

15 SETTINGS VARY BY SUBJECT ALWAYS SHOOT RAW (did we mention that already?) STARS: Widest Aperture possible Highest ISO sensitivity that does not yield noise on the sensor (usually ISO on later DSLRs or mirrorless cameras Exposures of seconds Dark Skies are essential Cityscapes: use an incident light meter Moon Full moon 1/250, f 5.6, ISO 800

16 SETTINGS: FOCUSING IN THE DARK; LENS SETTINGS Focusing in the Dark Sent to just short of infinity Some cameras have focus assist use it when possible Night Vision be careful of introducing too much light into your eyes ruins your night vision Turn Vibration Reduction to OFF

17 SETTINGS: LENS CHOICE Fast Glass helps Wide angle vs Narrow Angle zooms Star fields generally demand wide angle lenses The Moon requires super zoom lenses for best quality ( mm) Moonstruck: San Diego Olympus OMD 5MII, mm Zoom, ISO 1600, 300 mm, f6.7, 1/10 th second When you wish upon a star Nikon D750, ISO 1600, 30 sec, f2.8,

18 EQUIPMENT FOR CITY-SCAPES AND CITY WALKS: YOUR CAMERA Mobile Phone Mirrorless DSLR

19 Cityscapes lots of available light Neon Street lights, car lights Downtowns aura Houses Light trails Cars Amusement Rides Boats Trade off of aperture and shutter speed ISO (higher will yield noise) Consider using auto-timer to avoid moving camera early in shot PHOTOGRAPHING EARTH Nighttime in the Windy City iphone 6+ using MANUAL app

20 PHOTOGRAPHING THE EARTH Shutter speed and exposure settings can give dramatically different results of the identical subject. Motion vs no motion Olympus OM-D 5MII, ISO 100, 7mm, 2 sec, f 13 Olympus OM-D 5MII, ISO 100, 7mm, 1/20, f2.8

21 PHOTOGRAPHING THE EARTH: PICKING THE RIGHT WHITE BALANCE Olympus OM-D 5MII, ISO 1600, 19mm, ISO /10, f 2.8 White Balance : Warmer Olympus OM-D 5MII, ISO 1600, 19mm, ISO /10, f 2.8 White Balance : Cooler

22 PHOTOGRAPHING THE EARTH: WHITE BALANCE CHANGES IN POST

23 PHOTOGRAPHING THE EARTH: MOTION OR NO MOTION

24

25 EQUIPMENT FOR SHOOTING THE MOON: YOUR CAMERA Mobile Phone Mirrorless DSLR?

26 Photos of the moon can vary in size A LONG lens is essential to get lunar details Anything shorter than 200mm will yield a very small disk for the moon The longer the lens, the bigger the moon May need to make more than one shot to get moon in right position and size (i.e.: you may need to leverage PhotoShop) PHOTOGRAPHING THE MOON: SIZE MATTERS Olympus OM-D 5MII, ISO 800, 47mm (94mm eq), 1/100, f 6.3,

27 PHOTOGRAPHING THE MOON: PLAN YOUR SHOT; PICK THE RIGHT LENS The moon in the sky The moon is orders of magnitude brighter than the stars Full vs partial phase More definition of craters during crescent or quarter phase Moon movement you may want a tracker Size matters Lens vs Position Exposures Manual Settings Full moon ISO 800, 1/250 th, f 5.6 as a starting point Adjust focus in LIVE VIEW Nikon D300s (cropped sensor) 400mm (600 mm eq) 1/125, f/20 ISO 200

28 PHOTOGRAPHING THE MOON: LUNAR ECLIPSES Tremendous movement across the sky during the Lunar Eclipse Have to continually re-align the subject to center the image Exposure will vary during the shoot dramatically consider QDSLR Dashboard Sky Tracker Device helpful Keeps the moon or stars in perfect alignment during a long exposure ioptron SkyTracker Pro Camera Mount with Polar Scope Sky-Watcher Star Adventurer Motorized Mount Astro

29 Nikon D300s, mm with 2x tele-converter : 600mm equivalent

30 EQUIPMENT FOR SHOOTING THE STARS AND MILKY WAY: YOUR CAMERA Mobile Phone Mirrorless DSLR?

31 THE STARS (AND THE MILKY WAY) General rule of thumb: Plan for Long exposures Post processing WILL be needed Light painting foreground can add to the result The Tripod: A MUST! WEIGHT down the TRIPOD Consider using self timer

32 Decide if you are interested in star trails or point stars THE STARS AND THE MILKY WAY

33 Nikon D300s, 24 mm wide angle, f2.8, ISO 1600, ~500 frames stacked in Photoshop

34 THE MILKY WAY

35 THE FORMULA FOR SHOOTING THE (POINT) STARS AND MILKY WAY Sharp images of stars & Milky Way ISO 1600 Shutter speed : seconds Aperture: f 2.8 or lower Wide angle lens essential Remember the rule of 500 longest exposure that will not yield star trails sharp images of stars Star Trails ISO 1600 Shutter Speed : seconds Aperture f2.8 or lower Long exposures have beset effect looking NORTH with Polaris in the filed of view

36 SHOOTING THE STARS (AS POINTS): THE RULE OF 500 Take 500/focal length of the lens you are shooting with that will yeild the longest exposure you can have and NOT get star trails. 500 / 17 mm = 29.4 thus 30 seconds will be THE ABSOLUTE LONGEST you can shoot with no strar Trails on a f /200 mm = 2.5 seconds will be the longest you can shoot with no star trails with a mm lens requires a star tracker

37 TIME LAPSE OF STARS Same as above but take a fresh shot immediately after each image 30 second exposure on 17mm lens, ISO 1600 obey rule of second between shots Quicktime 7 Pro or LR Time Lapse needed to render the clip

38 Time Lapse: Orion s Chase

39 Must have a star tracker Color Matters Capturing good color starts with proper exposure Better color comes from working in Photoshop or Lightroom Techniques can be imported at Actions for either PS or LR INDIVIDUAL STARS, CLUSTERS AND GALAXIES

40 For best resutls always shoot RAW Tools Photoshop Camera RAW filter Lightroom POST PROCESSING A MUST FOR STAR PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE MILKY WAY Plug-ins for developing Star Photos

41 Raw, No processing

42 Post processing in Adobe Lightroom

43

44

45 LIGHT PAINTING

46

47

48

49 LIGHT PAINTING Using a flashlight, candle, or other external light source to illuminate sections of a subject at night. Think of this like burning in the darkroom - exposing the sensor to additional light in order to enhance the foreground or other subject matter Size of the flashlight and output will determine the amount of time to expose the subject during the exposure There is no real formula for this it s trial and error

50 PHOTOGRAPHING THE SUN CAUTION! When photographing the sun proper eye protection and filters are needed to protect your eyes and your equipment. Solar imaging is not very difficult with the proper filters. ND100,000 or special solar filter is needed. Must provide protection from UV light. A star tracker might be needed to keep sun in the same location in frame Time lapse set up might be desirable for images of a total or partial eclipse A star tracker, like the Vixen Polarie, is needed to keep the sun in frame for the entire event (similar to lunar eclipse setting)

51 PROPER EYEWARE AND CAMERA FILTERS ARE NEEDED FOR SAFE SOLAR PHOTOGRAPHY

52

53 Images shot with varying Exposures. Auto exposure was used for keeping changing exposures correct. Constant aperture was used at f16. Because on a tripod, varying shutter speeds were used by the camera

54 ESSENTIAL TOOLS TO HELP PhotoPills a great app that has times for celestial events Tips for exposures, lens choices Calculators built in to the iphone/android app for exposure Rule of 500 and more

55 Photographers Ephemeris Augmented reality Locations on Google Maps of celestial events Shows the direction of sunrise/set, moonrise/set and other celestial events Helps in planning a shoot ESSENTIAL TOOLS TO HELP

56 OTHER TOOLS AND WEBSITES Domain Tool/Company Website Night Photography Blog Night Photography Blog How to Photograph the Night Sky Tutorial Calculators PhotoPills Calculators Books Photographers Ephemeris Night Photography, Gabriel Biderman

57

58 THANKS!

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