EFFECT OF LIGHT INTENSITY OF NATURAL LIGHTING CASE STUDY ROOM READ

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1 Volume 116 No , ISSN: (printed version); ISSN: (on-line version) url: ijpam.eu EFFECT OF LIGHT INTENSITY OF NATURAL LIGHTING CASE STUDY ROOM READ Tri Endangsih and Hakim Lecturer in Architectural Studies Program, Faculty of Engineering of Universitas Budi Luhur Jl. Ciledug Raya, Petukangan Utara, Jakarta Selatan-Indonesia ABSTRACT Natural illumination at room meant to fulf ill room requirement of light. Quality of room which disagree with room function cause activity in the room do not function better. Issue expanding to express that Quality of Natural Illumination influenced by light distribution which enter through the window and aperture orientation. Progressively wide of aperture hence will more and more light which come into room. Pursuant to the mentioned needed by control to amount of light which enter into room. The purpose of this study was to determine the problem in utilization of natural lighting in the Reading Room Case studies with simulated four types of openings which lies Aperture Effect on the quality of lighting in the reading room, the power intensity of natural lighting conditions in the reading room, natural lighting requirements in the reading room. The simulation results with the program planning relux among others; The use of canopy (shade) on windows may affect the size of the incoming light, the color of the material is also very affecting light in the darkness of space, sunny, with window openings that are not protected by the canopy can incorporate more light and spread throughout space when compared to window are given shade Keyword : Quality Of Room, Aperture, Distribution Light, and Intensity Strength of Lighting I. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Illumination contains aspects of quantity (light intensity) and quality (color, glare). Glare can be directly (highlighted on the light) or indirect (reflected). Too much light results in a scarecrow's eyes narrowed for too long so that the eyes are tired. Humans like a bright environment, the collection of human beings, they will love the lighting is relatively evenly, and avoid areas that are too bright. In general, humans would rather be where the place looked rather dim then bright. Direct rays of the sun are not used for lighting the room because it is very dazzling and brings with it the heat, but to achieve a particular effect can be directly inserted into the sunlight through openings as long controlled room. In this paper I try to do a simulation Illiminan (illuminance) or try to see many current light came on the field in a space unit. I tried to compare the flow of light at each of the different window openings that do not use a shade (canopy) through the use of shade (canopy) with a slope of 45 and also 15º-space using skylights PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aperture on the quality of the lighting intensity in the reading room with a simulated four types of openings. 1.3.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The method used in this study is qualitative and quantitative, which means calculating the quality of natural lighting with reading room samples with the same dimensions but the added shading or canopy openings. In this simulation using relux Program. Methods of Data Analysis To determine the quality of the lighting in the reading 487

2 room, it would need to be measured illumination value Read indoor space. Measurements were made with four simulated sample 4 sample practice relux namely: plain window without shade, window shade with a slope of 15, with the window shade 45, and 45 window with shade plus skylights. Simulations with four samples is expected to forward will be known whether there are differences in the quality of the light intensity in the room. II. THEORY STUDY 2.1. Light Light / light is electro magnetic waves that have a length of between 380 to 700 nm (nanometers, 1 nm = 10-9m), the color sequence: (ultra violet), purple, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red, (infra red). Beam is the beam of light that leads to a little market destination. In discussing quantitative light, there are some terms that we have found are: a. Flow of light (luminous flux, flow, measured by lumens) was plenty of light emitted in all directions by a light source per unit time (usually per second) b. The intensity of the light source (light intensity, luminous intensity, measured by candela) is a powerful light that is issued by a particular light source direction. c. Illiminan (illuminance, measured by lux, lumens / m 2) is a constant flow of light that came on the field unit. d. Illumination (illumination) is the arrival of a little market light objects. e. Luminance (luminance, measured with candela / m 2) is the intensity of light emitted, reflected, or transmitted by a unit of the illuminated field. Lighting is very important in everyday human life, especially in the building, without lighting the building will seem boring and lifeless where we will feel constrained in doing our activities. There are two types of light sources, namely: a. Natural light source is the sun acts as a natural lights during the day b.artificial light sources that light acts as an artificial lights at night lighting has Three main functions: general lighting that illuminate the light evenly throughout the room local lighting task lighting is to support certain activities (reading lamp) additional lighting is decorative lighting for decorative elements NATURAL LIGHTING The sun is a natural light source lighting the most easily available and many benefits. Therefore, it should be utilized as much as possible. Moreover, Indonesia as a tropical area located on the equator, the sun radiates its rays all year round without distinction of day and night. Unlike in temperate regions, the time the sun shines during the day more than the night or vice versa. The sun in addition to providing heat (radiation) also gives light (rays). Given the sunlight during the day is very useful light for all life on land and water, the sunlight is necessary, especially in the lighting of the building. The purpose of utilization of sunlight as natural lighting in the building is as follows: a. Saves energy and operating costs of the building. b. Creating a space that is healthy, considering the sun contains ultraviolet rays which provide psychological effects to humans and to clarify the impression of space. c. Using natural light into the building as far as possible, both as a source of direct and indirect lighting. Utilization of sunlight into the room can be done in various ways, seen from the direction of the fall sunshine and components / areas that help incorporate and reflect sunlight. Sinarnmatahari fall angle varies at each blood. The sun Declaration changing abtara 23.5 N in June, 0 to the equator in March 488

3 and September, 23.5 S in December. Transform and measure the fall of sunlight is used diagram solar latitude. In general, the sunlight that falls to the ground / building can be expressed as follows: a. Direct sunlight falling on the working plane b. Reflection / reflection of sunlight from different objects outside the house and entered through the window c. Reflection / reflection of sunlight from the page for the second time reflected back by the wall towards the ceiling and work areas. d. Light falling on the floor and reflected again by the ceiling. The amount of sunlight reflection is strongly influenced by the material reflectivity and color, while the intensity of sunlight that enters the room is influenced by several factors, among others: a. The type of material used is translucent, such as plain glass, color glass and fiber glass. b. Color material as a reflection field which is the influential color of the walls, ceilings and floors. The more youthful and bright color, the more reflected light. c. Wide area of the opening / window d. Reduction in the intensity of light by the lattice (Sun Screen) and trees. III. DISCUSSION The analyzes were performed based on the testing of the design of a reading room that has the same dimensions but there is a difference with the addition kanopy and skyligth the window areas / openings. The location of the building in Jakarta, with latitude (latitude) -6,11º and longitude (longitude) º and rotation direction of north 0, data collection was done on March 2 at 11:00 pm when the weather is sunny. There are 4 models of simulation that I practice are: 1). Plain window without a shade, 2) Window shade with a slope of 15, 3). Window with a shade of 45, and 4). Window with a shade of 45 plus skylights. Dimensions room with a length of 5 m, width 3 m, and the following sketch drawing shapes and sizes: Specification: Dimensions room with a length of 5 m, width 3 m, and 4 m Height, Figure 1. Plan Room Read Distance window from floor 0.75 m High window 2 m, width 1 m window. skylight size and shade: width 0.5 m, length 3 m The size of shade on the window: length 1 m, width 0.5 m, thickness 0.2 m Position openings or windows are on the 1. First Simulation Window plain without shade From the simulation results using relux program can be seen that: average light coming / entering Eav = 630 lux 489

4 Minimum illuminance Emin = 233 lux Maximum Emax = 1700 lux illuminance If seen from the results obtained from the table, this space does not fit or is not good when used as a reading room where the average standard lux for reading room that is lux above table shows that while the average light coming in the room is equal to 630 lux, 233 lux is the minimum illuminancenya and maximum illuminancenya 1700 lux, but if the minimum illuminance values taken from a space of 233 then this space can be used as a reading room. Figure 2. Simulation Window plain without shade Simulation results: The results of the data processing program relux show effects in space to shade the plain windows without light spread throughout the room, the room looks very bright, emitting area of the wall looks like a light coming from outside. 2. Simulation Plan With Tilt Window Shade 15º Similarly, the table is also shown in the two tables each have a point of light illuminance with different figures: average light coming / entering Eav = 624 lux Minimum illuminance Emin = 224 lux Maximum Emax = 1650 lux illuminance If seen from the results obtained from the table, the room is also not suitable or less well when used as a reading room where the average standard lux for reading room that is lux above table shows that while the average light coming in the room is at 624 lux, 224 lux is the minimum illuminancenya and maximum illuminancenya 1650 lux, but if the minimum illuminance values taken from a space of 224 then this space can be used as a reading room. The amount of light entering the stream after shade fitted with a slope 15º be reduced slightly from an average of 624 lux 630 lux be (reduced 6 lux) and also reduced the minimum illuminance of 233 lux to 224 lux (lux is reduced 9) very little difference and maxsimumiluminance also from 1700 into 1650 lux lux (50 lux reduced). Current reduction of incoming light yet still very small until there are significant differences. Results of the simulation: 490 Effects in space to shade the window with the light 15º spread throughout the room, the room still looks very bright, emitting area of the wall looks like a light coming from outside.

5 Figure 3. Simulation Plan With Tilt Window Shade 15º 3. Simulation Plan With Tilt Window Shade 45 Similar to Table two in Table three also indicated each point of light has illuminance with different figures: average light coming / entering Eav = 610 lux Minimum illuminance Emin = 204 lux Maximum Emax = 1590 lux illuminance If seen from the results obtained from the table, the room is also not suitable or less well when used as a reading room where the average standard lux for reading room that is lux above table shows that while the average light coming in the room is at 610 lux, 204 lux is the minimum illuminancenya and maximum illuminancenya 1590 lux, but if the minimum illuminance values taken from a space of 204 then this space can be used as a reading room. The amount of light entering the stream after shade fitted with a slope of 45 also be reduced slightly from an average of 610 lux 624 lux be (reduced 14 lux) and also reduced the minimum illuminance of 224 lux to 204 lux (20 lux decreases) very little difference and maxsimumiluminance than 1650 lux also be 1590 lux (300 lux reduced). For maximum light entering the space can be reduced to 300 lux, because the light is blocked by the shade is installed. Current reduction of incoming light is still little but already there is a difference, especially in the waning illuminancenya maximum 300 lux. Simulation results: Effects in the room to the window with the shade 45 incoming light began to decrease, the room looks a bit dark in the plane of the wall is not visible Figure 4. Simulation Plan With Tilt Window Shade Simulation Plan With Tilt Window Shade 45 Coupled With Skylights Skylight in Indonesian called translucent glass is a type of window that sticks to the roof of the building aims to source natural lighting can be entered directly in a space with the addition of skylights are not given shade (plain) For a given table space skylights without shade there is a huge difference from the previous above where: average light coming / entering Eav = 4860 lux Minimum illuminance Emin = 306 lux Maximum Emax = lux illuminance If seen from the results obtained from the table, the light that came on the field unit very much, especially coming from the skylights, so the room is not very good if used as a reading room, due to excessive incoming rays so as to dazzle the eye and the eye can damaged if forced to read the state of the glare. Average of the incoming light in a space of 4860 lux while the average standard lux for reading room that is lux, which is very much difference. Although the fitted window shade, but no 491

6 effect inhibiting the entry of light because of the skylights.instead of light entering mrenjadi greater.with a maximum of lux illuminancenya. Effect of space using skylights without shade: The number of current incoming light is very large so that space can be very glare. space can be very bright but can not create comfort for reading. Figure 5.Simulation Plan With Tilt Window Shade 45 Coupled With Skylights IV. CONCLUSION Conclusions from the simulation results are as follows: 1. The use of canopy (shade) on windows may affect the size of the incoming light. 2. color material also greatly affect the darkness bright sunlit space. 3. Window with openings that are not protected by the canopy can incorporate more light and spread throughout space when compared to the given window shade. 4. to provide shade on the skylight, lighting in the room is almost the same as that given space without a sky light shade 45 where the average illuminasinya only difference is almost equal 1 lux, at 610 and 610 lux. 5. Although placement window located to the north and given shade but still it is not convenient to use as a reading room for the average value illuminatation above the standard is about 600 lux on it. REFERENCES Brown, G.Z Sun, Wind and Light, Architectural design strategies, London: Intermarta DwiTangoro, Ir Utility buildings, Makara UI PrasastoSatwiko 2007, building physics 1 issue 1, Andi Offset, Yogyakarta SuwitoSantoso, Drs, MM., AMD 2005, Design concept lifestyle SNI Procedures for Natural Lighting System Design in Building Build. SNI The procedure for Artificial Lighting System Design in Building Build. SNI Illumination Intensity Measurement in place kerj Yulianti, Rita "Evaluation of Library Reading Room Lighting Layout Of Lights In Library Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering" (thesis).jurusanadab Faculty of Library Science, UIN SunanKalidjaga Yogyakarta. Rajesh, M. & Gnanasekar, J.M. Wireless Pers Commun (2017). Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "GCCover Heterogeneous Wireless Ad hoc Networks." Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015): Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "CONGESTION CONTROL IN HETEROGENEOUS WANET USING FRCC." Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN 974: Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "Consistently neighbor detection for MANET." Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES), International Conference on. IEEE, Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "Hop-by-hop Channel-Alert Routing to Congestion Control in Wireless Sensor Networks." Control Theory and Informatics 5.4 (2015): 1-11 Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "Multiple-Client Information Administration via Forceful Database Prototype Design (FDPD)." Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "Annoyed Realm Outlook Taxonomy Using Twin Transfer Learning" International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, (2017) Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "Get-Up-And-Go Efficientmemetic Algorithm Based Amalgam Routing Protocol." International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, (2017) Rajesh, M., and J. M. Gnanasekar. "Congestion Control Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Using Self-Adjust Hybrid Model." International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, (2017)

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