Chapter 28 Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction
|
|
- Aron Green
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 28 Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction 1
2 Overview of Chapter 28 Superposition and Interference Young s Two-Slit Experiment Interference in Reflected Waves Diffraction Resolution Diffraction Gratings 2
3 28-1 Superposition and Interference If two waves occupy the same space, their amplitudes add at each point. They may interfere either constructively or destructively. 3
4 28-1 Superposition and Interference Interference is only noticeable if: - Light sources are monochromatic (so all the light has the same wavelength) and coherent (different sources maintain the same phase relationship over space and time). Interference will be constructive where the two waves are in phase, and destructive where they are out of phase. 4
5 28-1 Superposition and Interference In this illustration: Interference will be constructive where the path lengths differ by an integral number of wavelengths. Destructive where they differ by a half-odd integral number of wavelengths. 5
6 28-1 Superposition and Interference Two path lengths will thus interfere constructively or destructively according to the following: 6
7 28-2 Young s Two-Slit Experiment In this experiment, the original light source need not be coherent; it becomes so after passing through the very narrow slits. 7
8 28-2 Young s Two-Slit Experiment If light consists of particles.. - The final screen should show two thin stripes, one corresponding to each slit. If light is a wave - Each slit serves as a new source of wavelets - Final screen will show the effects of interference. - This is called Huygens s principle. 8
9 28-2 Young s Two-Slit Experiment Pattern on the screen shows the light on the screen has alternating light and dark fringes, corresponding to constructive and destructive interference. The path difference is given by: Therefore, the condition for bright fringes (constructive interference) is: 9
10 28-2 Young s Two-Slit Experiment The dark fringes are between the bright fringes; the condition for dark fringes is: 10
11 28-2 Young s Two-Slit Experiment This diagram illustrates the numbering of the fringes. 11
12 28-3 Interference in Reflected Waves Reflected waves can interfere due to path length differences, but they can also interfere due to phase changes upon reflection. 12
13 28-3 Interference in Reflected Waves Constructive interference: Destructive interference: 13
14 28-3 Interference in Reflected Waves Interference can also occur when light refracts and reflects from both surfaces of a thin film Accounts for the colors we see in oil slicks and soap bubbles. Now, we have not only path differences and phase changes on reflection. We also must account for the change in wavelength as the light travels through the film. 14
15 28-3 Interference in Reflected Waves Wavelength of light in a medium of index of refraction n: Therefore, the condition for destructive interference, where t is the thickness of the film, is: 15
16 28-3 Interference in Reflected Waves The condition for constructive interference: The rainbow of colors we see is due to the different wavelengths of light. 16
17 28-4 Diffraction A wave passing through a small opening will diffract, as shown. Means that, after the opening, there are waves traveling in directions other than the direction of the original wave. 17
18 28-4 Diffraction Diffraction is why we can hear sound even though we are not in a straight line from the source. - Sound waves will diffract around doors, corners, and other barriers. Amount of diffraction depends on the wavelength, which is why we can hear around corners but not see around them. 18
19 28-4 Diffraction To investigate the diffraction of light, we consider what happens when light passes through a very narrow slit. As the figure indicates, what we see on the screen is a single-slit diffraction pattern. 19
20 28-4 Diffraction This pattern is due to the difference in path length from different parts of the opening. The first dark fringe occurs when: 20
21 28-4 Diffraction The second dark fringe occurs when: 21
22 28-4 Diffraction In general, then, we have for the dark fringes in a single-slit interference pattern: The positive and negative values of m account for the symmetry of the pattern around the center. Diffraction fringes can be observed by holding your finger and thumb very close together (it helps not to be too farsighted!) 22
23 28-5 Resolution Diffraction through a small circular aperture results in a circular pattern of fringes.. Limits our ability to distinguish one object from another when they are very close. The location of the first dark fringe determines the size of the central spot Diameter of aperture 23
24 28-5 Resolution Rayleigh s law (criterion) relates the size of the central spot to the limit at which two objects can be distinguished: If the first dark fringe of one circular diffraction pattern passes through the center of a second diffraction pattern, the two sources responsible for the patterns will appear to be a single source. Aperture with D 24
25 28-5 Resolution On the left, there appears to be a single source; on the right, two sources can be clearly resolved. First dark fringes overlap First dark fringes don t overlap 25
26 28-6 Diffraction Gratings A system with a large number of slits is called a diffraction grating. As the number of slits grows, the peaks become narrower and more intense. Here is the diffraction pattern for five slits: 26
27 28-6 Diffraction Gratings The positions of the peaks are different for different wavelengths of light. The condition for constructive interference in a diffraction grating: 27
28 28-6 Diffraction Gratings X-ray diffraction is used to determine crystal structure the spacing between crystal planes is close enough to the wavelength of the X- rays to allow diffraction patterns to be seen. A grating spectroscope allows precise determination of wavelength: 28
29 28-6 Diffraction Gratings Diffraction can also be observed upon reflection from narrowlyspaced reflective grooves; the most familiar example is the recorded side of a CD. Some insect wings also display reflective diffraction, especially butterfly wings. 29
30 30 Answer: Destructively
31 31 Answer : 0.18 khz
32 32 Answer: 623 nm
33 33 Answer: 1.8 µm
34 Answer: The resolution of an optical instrument is greater if the minimum angular separation θ is smaller. The minimum angle θ decreases if the wavelength decreases. Therefore, greater resolution is obtained with the blue light. 34
35 35 Answer: d = 0.12 nm
Lecture Outline Chapter 28. Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outline Chapter 28 Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker Chapter 28 Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction Units of Chapter 28 Superposition and Interference Young s Two-Slit Experiment
More informationChapter 27. Interference and the Wave Nature of Light
7.1 The Principle of Linear Superposition Chapter 7 When two or more light waves pass through a given point, their electric fields combine according to the principle of superposition. Interference and
More informationChapter 35. Interference. Optical Interference: Interference of light waves, applied in many branches of science.
Chapter 35 Interference 35.1: What is the physics behind interference? Optical Interference: Interference of light waves, applied in many branches of science. Fig. 35-1 The blue of the top surface of a
More informationPhysics. Light Waves & Physical Optics
Physics Light Waves & Physical Optics Physical Optics Physical optics or wave optics, involves the effects of light waves that are not related to the geometric ray optics covered previously. We will use
More informationChapter 34 The Wave Nature of Light; Interference. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 34 The Wave Nature of Light; Interference 34-7 Luminous Intensity The intensity of light as perceived depends not only on the actual intensity but also on the sensitivity of the eye at different
More informationChapter 17: Wave Optics. What is Light? The Models of Light 1/11/13
Chapter 17: Wave Optics Key Terms Wave model Ray model Diffraction Refraction Fringe spacing Diffraction grating Thin-film interference What is Light? Light is the chameleon of the physical world. Under
More informationThe Wave Nature of Light
The Wave Nature of Light Physics 102 Lecture 7 4 April 2002 Pick up Grating & Foil & Pin 4 Apr 2002 Physics 102 Lecture 7 1 Light acts like a wave! Last week we saw that light travels from place to place
More informationPhysics 4. Diffraction. Prepared by Vince Zaccone For Campus Learning Assistance Services at UCSB
Physics 4 Diffraction Diffraction When light encounters an obstacle it will exhibit diffraction effects as the light bends around the object or passes through a narrow opening. Notice the alternating bright
More informationPhysical Optics. Diffraction.
Physical Optics. Diffraction. Interference Young s interference experiment Thin films Coherence and incoherence Michelson interferometer Wave-like characteristics of light Huygens-Fresnel principle Interference.
More informationChapter 36: diffraction
Chapter 36: diffraction Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction Diffraction from a single slit Intensity in the single slit pattern Multiple slits The Diffraction grating X-ray diffraction Circular apertures
More informationChapter Wave Optics. MockTime.com. Ans: (d)
Chapter Wave Optics Q1. Which one of the following phenomena is not explained by Huygen s construction of wave front? [1988] (a) Refraction Reflection Diffraction Origin of spectra Q2. Which of the following
More informationInterferencija i valna priroda svjetlosti. Copyright 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Interferencija i valna priroda svjetlosti 27.1 The Principle of Linear Superposition When two or more light waves pass through a given point, their electric fields combine according to the principle of
More informationTA/TI survey. Phy Phy
TA/TI survey https://webapps.pas.rochester.edu/secure/phpq/ Phy121 7 60 73 81 Phy123 1 6 11 18 Chapter 35 Diffraction and Polarization Double- Slit Experiment destructive interference Two sources of light
More informationPhysics 1520, Spring 2013 Quiz 2, Form: A
Physics 1520, Spring 2013 Quiz 2, Form: A Name: Date: Section 1. Exercises 1. The index of refraction of a certain type of glass for red light is 1.52. For violet light, it is 1.54. Which color of light,
More informationPhysics 1C Lecture 27B
Physics 1C Lecture 27B Single Slit Interference! Example! Light of wavelength 750nm passes through a slit 1.00μm wide. How wide is the central maximum in centimeters, in a Fraunhofer diffraction pattern
More informationDiffraction Single-slit Double-slit Diffraction grating Limit on resolution X-ray diffraction. Phys 2435: Chap. 36, Pg 1
Diffraction Single-slit Double-slit Diffraction grating Limit on resolution X-ray diffraction Phys 2435: Chap. 36, Pg 1 Single Slit New Topic Phys 2435: Chap. 36, Pg 2 Diffraction: bending of light around
More informationPhy Ph s y 102 Lecture Lectur 22 Interference 1
Phys 102 Lecture 22 Interference 1 Physics 102 lectures on light Light as a wave Lecture 15 EM waves Lecture 16 Polarization Lecture 22 & 23 Interference& diffraction Light as a ray Lecture 17 Introduction
More informationPractice Problems for Chapter 25-26
Practice Problems for Chapter 25-26 1. What are coherent waves? 2. Describe diffraction grating 3. What are interference fringes? 4. What does monochromatic light mean? 5. What does the Rayleigh Criterion
More informationSingle, Double And N-Slit Diffraction. B.Tech I
Single, Double And N-Slit Diffraction B.Tech I Diffraction by a Single Slit or Disk If light is a wave, it will diffract around a single slit or obstacle. Diffraction by a Single Slit or Disk The resulting
More informationLecture Notes (When Light Waves Interfere)
Lecture Notes (When Light Waves Interfere) Intro: - starting in the 1600's there was a debate among scientists as to whether light was made up of waves or particles - Newton (1642-1727) believed that light
More informationChapters 11, 12, 24. Refraction and Interference of Waves
Chapters 11, 12, 24 Refraction and Interference of Waves Beats Two overlapping waves with slightly different frequencies gives rise to the phenomena of beats. Beats The beat frequency is the difference
More informationChapter 24. The Wave Nature of Light
Ch-24-1 Chapter 24 The Wave Nature of Light Questions 1. Does Huygens principle apply to sound waves? To water waves? Explain how Huygens principle makes sense for water waves, where each point vibrates
More informationR.B.V.R.R. WOMEN S COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) Narayanaguda, Hyderabad.
R.B.V.R.R. WOMEN S COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) Narayanaguda, Hyderabad. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS QUESTION BANK FOR SEMESTER III PAPER III OPTICS UNIT I: 1. MATRIX METHODS IN PARAXIAL OPTICS 2. ABERATIONS UNIT II
More informationDiffraction. Interference with more than 2 beams. Diffraction gratings. Diffraction by an aperture. Diffraction of a laser beam
Diffraction Interference with more than 2 beams 3, 4, 5 beams Large number of beams Diffraction gratings Equation Uses Diffraction by an aperture Huygen s principle again, Fresnel zones, Arago s spot Qualitative
More informationPES 2130 Fall 2014, Spendier Lecture 23/Page 1
PS 13 Fall 14, Spendier Lecture 3/Page 1 Lecture today: Chapter 35 Interference 1) Intensity in Double-Slit Interference ) Thin Film Interference Announcements: - Shortened office hours this Thursday (1-1:3am).
More informationOption G 4:Diffraction
Name: Date: Option G 4:Diffraction 1. This question is about optical resolution. The two point sources shown in the diagram below (not to scale) emit light of the same frequency. The light is incident
More informationUnit Test Strand: The Wave Nature of Light
22K 11T 2A 3C Unit Test Strand: The Wave Nature of Light Expectations: E1. analyse technologies that use the wave nature of light, and assess their impact on society and the environment; E2. investigate,
More informationExam 4. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Class: Date: Exam 4 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Mirages are a result of which physical phenomena a. interference c. reflection
More informationElectromagnetic Waves Chapter Questions
Electromagnetic Waves Chapter Questions 1. Sir Isaac Newton was one of the first physicists to study light. What properties of light did he explain by using the particle model? 2. Who was the first person
More informationHUYGENS PRINCIPLE AND INTERFERENCE
HUYGENS PRINCIPLE AND INTERFERENCE VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Q-1. Can we perform Double slit experiment with ultraviolet light? Q-2. If no particular colour of light or wavelength is specified, then
More informationSlide 1 / 99. Electromagnetic Waves
Slide 1 / 99 Electromagnetic Waves Slide 2 / 99 The Nature of Light: Wave or Particle The nature of light has been debated for thousands of years. In the 1600's, Newton argued that light was a stream of
More informationAP B Webreview ch 24 diffraction and interference
Name: Class: _ Date: _ AP B Webreview ch 24 diffraction and interference Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.. In order to produce a sustained
More information2. Which pair of lettered points lie on the same nodal line? a) v and t b) x and r c) x and w d) u and y e) v and u 2 ANS: C
1 Conceptual Questions 1. Which pair of lettered points lie on the central maximum? a) v and t b) x and z c) x and w d) u and y e) v and u 1 ANS: E The central maximum lies on the perpendicular bisector.
More informationEnd-of-Chapter Exercises
End-of-Chapter Exercises Exercises 1 12 are conceptual questions designed to see whether you understand the main concepts in the chapter. 1. Red laser light shines on a double slit, creating a pattern
More informationLECTURE 13 DIFFRACTION. Instructor: Kazumi Tolich
LECTURE 13 DIFFRACTION Instructor: Kazumi Tolich Lecture 13 2 Reading chapter 33-4 & 33-6 to 33-7 Single slit diffraction Two slit interference-diffraction Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction Diffraction
More informationphysicspp.com How does bubble solution produce a rainbow of colors? Adrienne Hart-Davis/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers
What You ll Learn You will learn how interference and diffraction patterns demonstrate that light behaves like a wave. You will learn how interference and diffraction patterns occur in nature and how they
More informationPHYS 202. Lecture 18 Professor Stephen Thornton April 4, 2006
PHYS 202 Lecture 18 Professor Stephen Thornton April 4, 2006 Reading Quiz: Can light, say visible light, bend around corners? 1) Yes. 2) Sometimes, but it depends on the wavelength. 3) Sometimes, but it
More informationResolving Power of a Diffraction Grating
Resolving Power of a Diffraction Grating When measuring wavelengths, it is important to distinguish slightly different s. The ability of a grating to resolve the difference in wavelengths is given by the
More informationLECTURE 26: Interference
ANNOUNCEMENT *Final: Thursday December 14, 2017, 1 PM 3 PM *Location: Elliot Hall of Music *Covers all readings, lectures, homework from Chapters 28.6 through 33. *The exam will be multiple choice. Be
More informationChapter Ray and Wave Optics
109 Chapter Ray and Wave Optics 1. An astronomical telescope has a large aperture to [2002] reduce spherical aberration have high resolution increase span of observation have low dispersion. 2. If two
More informationOn the Right Wavelength
On the Right Wavelength Beetles can be annoying pests to gardeners, but it is still easy to admit how beautiful some of them can be. In daylight, the hard back of this ground beetle appears to be a mix
More information12/2/2010. Chapter 27 Interference and the Wave Nature of Light
//00 Chapter 7 Interference an the Wave Nature of Light This chapter we will concentrate on the wave properties of light. The wavelength of visible light is 750 nm to 380 nm. All waves obey the superposition
More informationExperiment 10. Diffraction and interference of light
Experiment 10. Diffraction and interference of light 1. Purpose Perform single slit and Young s double slit experiment by using Laser and computer interface in order to understand diffraction and interference
More informationChapter 16 Light Waves and Color
Chapter 16 Light Waves and Color Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. What causes color? What causes reflection? What causes color?
More informationPhysics 4C. Chapter 36: Diffraction. Diffraction. Diffraction. Diffraction
Physics 4C Diffraction Chapter 36: Diffraction Slide 1 Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 5 Slide 6 Slide 7 Slide 8 Slide 9 Slide 10 Slide 11 Slide 12 Slide 13 Slide 14 Slide 15 Slide 16 Slide 17 Slide 18 Slide
More informationPHY122 Physics for the Life Sciences II
PHY122 Physics for the Life Sciences II Lecture 16 Waves and Interference HW 10 is due Sunday, 6 Nov. at 8:00 pm Make-ups for Labs 3,4,5 MUST be done this week (or else! As you all know since Day 1 of
More informationABC Math Student Copy. N. May ABC Math Student Copy. Physics Week 13(Sem. 2) Name. Light Chapter Summary Cont d 2
Page 1 of 12 Physics Week 13(Sem. 2) Name Light Chapter Summary Cont d 2 Lens Abberation Lenses can have two types of abberation, spherical and chromic. Abberation occurs when the rays forming an image
More informationPhysics 1C. Lecture 25B
Physics 1C Lecture 25B "More than 50 years ago, Austrian researcher Ivo Kohler gave people goggles thats severely distorted their vision: The lenses turned the world upside down. After several weeks, subjects
More informationWave Optics. Why is the sky blue? What causes the beautiful colors in a soap bubble or an oil
HAPTER26 C. Return to Table of Contents Wave Optics Colors produced by a thin layer of oil on the surface of water result from constructive and destructive interference of light. Why is the sky blue? What
More informationPhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1 Q1. Just over two hundred years ago Thomas Young demonstrated the interference of light by illuminating two closely spaced narrow slits with light from a single light source.
More informationPrac%ce Quiz 2. These are Q s from old quizzes. I do not guarantee that the Q s on this year s quiz will be the same, or even similar.
Prac%ce Quiz 2 These are Q s from old quizzes. I do not guarantee that the Q s on this year s quiz will be the same, or even similar. A laser beam shines vertically upwards. What laser power is needed
More informationDiffraction of a Circular Aperture
DiffractionofaCircularAperture Diffraction can be understood by considering the wave nature of light. Huygen's principle, illustrated in the image below, states that each point on a propagating wavefront
More informationWill contain image distance after raytrace Will contain image height after raytrace
Name: LASR 51 Final Exam May 29, 2002 Answer all questions. Module numbers are for guidance, some material is from class handouts. Exam ends at 8:20 pm. Ynu Raytracing The first questions refer to the
More informationPhysics B Waves and Sound Name: AP Review. Show your work:
Physics B Waves and Sound Name: AP Review Mechanical Wave A disturbance that propagates through a medium with little or no net displacement of the particles of the medium. Parts of a Wave Crest: high point
More informationPhysics 202, Lecture 28
Physics 202, Lecture 28 Today s Topics Michelson Interferometer iffraction Single Slit iffraction Multi-Slit Interference iffraction on Circular Apertures The Rayleigh Criterion Wave Superposition Using
More informationIn the Figure above, the fringe at point P on the screen will be:
Coherent, monochromatic plane waves: In the Figure above, the fringe at point P on the screen will be: 1. An interference maximum 2. An interference minimum 3. Don t have a clue Answer: 2. Interference
More informationPHY 431 Homework Set #5 Due Nov. 20 at the start of class
PHY 431 Homework Set #5 Due Nov. 0 at the start of class 1) Newton s rings (10%) The radius of curvature of the convex surface of a plano-convex lens is 30 cm. The lens is placed with its convex side down
More informationLecture 21. Physics 1202: Lecture 21 Today s Agenda
Physics 1202: Lecture 21 Today s Agenda Announcements: Team problems today Team 14: Gregory Desautels, Benjamin Hallisey, Kyle Mcginnis Team 15: Austin Dion, Nicholas Gandza, Paul Macgillis-Falcon Homework
More informationPhysics 248 Spring 2009 Lab 1: Interference and Diffraction
Name Section Physics 248 Spring 2009 Lab 1: Interference and Diffraction Your TA will use this sheet to score your lab. It is to be turned in at the end of lab. You must clearly explain your reasoning
More informationDiffraction. modern investigations date from Augustin Fresnel
Diffraction Diffraction controls the detail you can see in optical instruments, makes holograms, diffraction gratings and much else possible, explains some natural phenomena Diffraction was discovered
More informationTuesday, Nov. 9 Chapter 12: Wave Optics
Tuesday, Nov. 9 Chapter 12: Wave Optics We are here Geometric optics compared to wave optics Phase Interference Coherence Huygens principle & diffraction Slits and gratings Diffraction patterns & spectra
More informationMirrors and Lenses. Images can be formed by reflection from mirrors. Images can be formed by refraction through lenses.
Mirrors and Lenses Images can be formed by reflection from mirrors. Images can be formed by refraction through lenses. Notation for Mirrors and Lenses The object distance is the distance from the object
More informationExperiment 1: Fraunhofer Diffraction of Light by a Single Slit
Experiment 1: Fraunhofer Diffraction of Light by a Single Slit Purpose 1. To understand the theory of Fraunhofer diffraction of light at a single slit and at a circular aperture; 2. To learn how to measure
More informationLecture 15: Fraunhofer diffraction by a circular aperture
Lecture 15: Fraunhofer diffraction by a circular aperture Lecture aims to explain: 1. Diffraction problem for a circular aperture 2. Diffraction pattern produced by a circular aperture, Airy rings 3. Importance
More informationChapter 29: Light Waves
Lecture Outline Chapter 29: Light Waves This lecture will help you understand: Huygens' Principle Diffraction Superposition and Interference Polarization Holography Huygens' Principle Throw a rock in a
More informationthat this was due Diffraction: can hear notice it - one way to ripple tanks visualize wide, - if the slit is less than directions
Lecture Notes (When Light Waves Interfere) Intro: - Newton believed that light was composed of fast-moving, tiny particles which he called corpuscles - Grimaldi, an Italian scientist, discovered in the
More informationExercise 8: Interference and diffraction
Physics 223 Name: Exercise 8: Interference and diffraction 1. In a two-slit Young s interference experiment, the aperture (the mask with the two slits) to screen distance is 2.0 m, and a red light of wavelength
More informationChapter 25. Optical Instruments
Chapter 25 Optical Instruments Optical Instruments Analysis generally involves the laws of reflection and refraction Analysis uses the procedures of geometric optics To explain certain phenomena, the wave
More informationPhysics 2020 Lab 9 Wave Interference
Physics 2020 Lab 9 Wave Interference Name Section Tues Wed Thu 8am 10am 12pm 2pm 4pm Introduction Consider the four pictures shown below, showing pure yellow lights shining toward a screen. In pictures
More informationGIST OF THE UNIT BASED ON DIFFERENT CONCEPTS IN THE UNIT (BRIEFLY AS POINT WISE). RAY OPTICS
209 GIST OF THE UNIT BASED ON DIFFERENT CONCEPTS IN THE UNIT (BRIEFLY AS POINT WISE). RAY OPTICS Reflection of light: - The bouncing of light back into the same medium from a surface is called reflection
More informationExam 3--PHYS 2021M-Spring 2009
Name: Class: Date: Exam 3--PHYS 2021M-Spring 2009 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question Each question is worth 2 points 1 Images made by mirrors
More informationb) (4) If you could look at a snapshot of the waves, how far apart in space are two successive positive peaks of the electric field?
General Physics II Exam 3 - Chs. 22 25 - EM Waves & Optics October 20, 206 Name Rec. Instr. Rec. Time For full credit, make your work clear. Show formulas used, essential steps, and results with correct
More informationLecture 2: Interference
Lecture 2: Interference λ S 1 d S 2 Lecture 2, p.1 Today Interference of sound waves Two-slit interference Lecture 2, p.2 Review: Wave Summary ( ) ( ) The formula y x,t = Acoskx ωt describes a harmonic
More informationExperiment 5: Spark Gap Microwave Generator Dipole Radiation, Polarization, Interference W14D2
Experiment 5: Spark Gap Microwave Generator Dipole Radiation, Polarization, Interference W14D2 1 Announcements Week 14 Prepset due Fri at 8:30 am PS 11 due Week 14 Friday at 9 pm in boxes outside 26-152
More informationMeasuring with Interference and Diffraction
Team Physics 312 10B Lab #3 Date: Name: Table/Team: Measuring with Interference and Diffraction Purpose: In this activity you will accurately measure the width of a human hair using the interference and
More informationActivity 1: Diffraction of Light
Activity 1: Diffraction of Light When laser light passes through a small slit, it forms a diffraction pattern of bright and dark fringes (as shown below). The central bright fringe is wider than the others.
More informationa) (6) How much time in milliseconds does the signal require to travel from the satellite to the dish antenna?
General Physics II Exam 3 - Chs. 22 25 - EM Waves & Optics April, 203 Name Rec. Instr. Rec. Time For full credit, make your work clear. Show formulas used, essential steps, and results with correct units
More informationLECTURE 36: Thin film interference
Lectures Page 1 Select LEARNING OBJECTIVES: LECTURE 36: Thin film interference Be able to identify relative phase shifts and which conditional must be used. Be able to draw rays undergoing thin film interference.
More informationClass XII - Physics Wave Optics Chapter-wise Problems
Class XII - hysics Wave Optics Chapter-wise roblems Multiple Choice Question :- 10.1 Consider a light beam incident from air to a glass slab at Brewster s angle as shown in Fig. 10.1. A polaroid is placed
More informationPhysics Test Review Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses Session: Name:
Multiple Choice 1. The law of reflection says that a. the angle of reflection from a mirror equals the angle of incidence. b. waves incident on a mirror are partially reflected. c. all waves incident on
More informationA progressive wave of frequency 150 Hz travels along a stretched string at a speed of 30 m s 1.
1. progressive wave of frequency 150 Hz travels along a stretched string at a speed of 30 m s 1. What is the phase difference between two points that are 50 mm apart on the string? zero 90 180 360 2 Which
More informationThe diffraction of light
7 The diffraction of light 7.1 Introduction As introduced in Chapter 6, the reciprocal lattice is the basis upon which the geometry of X-ray and electron diffraction patterns can be most easily understood
More informationPHYS 202 OUTLINE FOR PART III LIGHT & OPTICS
PHYS 202 OUTLINE FOR PART III LIGHT & OPTICS Electromagnetic Waves A. Electromagnetic waves S-23,24 1. speed of waves = 1/( o o ) ½ = 3 x 10 8 m/s = c 2. waves and frequency: the spectrum (a) radio red
More informationAS Physics Unit 5 - Waves 1
AS Physics Unit 5 - Waves 1 WHAT IS WAVE MOTION? The wave motion is a means of transferring energy from one point to another without the transfer of any matter between the points. Waves may be classified
More information24-12 Scattering of Light by the Atmosphere
Unpolarized sunlight Light scattered at right angles is plane-polarized 02 or N2 molecule Observer \^f FIGURE 24-54 Unpolarized sunlight scattered by molecules of the air. An observer at right angles sees
More informationEpisode 323: Diffraction
Episode 323: Diffraction Note the spelling - double ff. The first recorded observation of diffraction was by Grimaldi in 1665. The shadows cast by light sources were not quite the same size as the anticipated
More information(A) 2f (B) 2 f (C) f ( D) 2 (E) 2
1. A small vibrating object S moves across the surface of a ripple tank producing the wave fronts shown above. The wave fronts move with speed v. The object is traveling in what direction and with what
More informationLASER SAFETY. Lasers are part of everyday life and most households currently have them built in to many devices such as DVDs, CDs and computers.
LASER SAFETY Lasers are part of everyday life and most households currently have them built in to many devices such as DVDs, CDs and computers. The most common use of lasers is in the scanners used in
More informationLOS 1 LASER OPTICS SET
LOS 1 LASER OPTICS SET Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Light interference 5 2.1 Light interference on a thin glass plate 6 2.2 Michelson s interferometer 7 3 Light diffraction 13 3.1 Light diffraction on a
More informationphysics 04/11/2013 Class 3, Sections Preclass Notes Interference in One Dimension Interference in One Dimension
Class 3, Sections 21.5-21.8 Preclass Notes physics FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS a strategic approach THIRD EDITION The pattern resulting from the superposition of two waves is often called interference.
More informationEE-527: MicroFabrication
EE-57: MicroFabrication Exposure and Imaging Photons white light Hg arc lamp filtered Hg arc lamp excimer laser x-rays from synchrotron Electrons Ions Exposure Sources focused electron beam direct write
More informationMASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. 2.71/2.710 Optics Spring 14 Practice Problems Posted May 11, 2014
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2.71/2.710 Optics Spring 14 Practice Problems Posted May 11, 2014 1. (Pedrotti 13-21) A glass plate is sprayed with uniform opaque particles. When a distant point
More informationChapter 4: Fourier Optics
Chapter 4: Fourier Optics P4-1. Calculate the Fourier transform of the function rect(2x)rect(/3) The rectangular function rect(x) is given b 1 x 1/2 rect( x) when 0 x 1/2 P4-2. Assume that ( gx (, )) G
More information,, Last First Initial UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS PHYSICS 7C FALL SEMESTER 2008 LEROY T. KERTH
1 Solutions Name (please print),, Last First Initial Student Number UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS PHYSICS 7C FALL SEMESTER 2008 LEROY T. KERTH First Midterm Examination October
More informationPhys214 Fall 2004 Midterm Form A
1. A clear sheet of polaroid is placed on top of a similar sheet so that their polarizing axes make an angle of 30 with each other. The ratio of the intensity of emerging light to incident unpolarized
More informationElectromagnetism and Light
Electromagnetism and Light Monday Properties of waves (sound and light) interference, diffraction [Hewitt 12] Tuesday Light waves, diffraction, refraction, Snell's Law. [Hewitt 13, 14] Wednesday Lenses,
More informationPhysics 2306 Fall 1999 Final December 15, 1999
Physics 2306 Fall 1999 Final December 15, 1999 Name: Student Number #: 1. Write your name and student number on this page. 2. There are 20 problems worth 5 points each. Partial credit may be given if work
More information28 The diagram shows an experiment which has been set up to demonstrate two-source interference, using microwaves of wavelength λ.
PhysicsndMathsTutor.com 28 The diagram shows an experiment which has been set up to demonstrate two-source interference, using microwaves of wavelength λ. 9702/1/M/J/02 X microwave transmitter S 1 S 2
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 35 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 35 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT Chapter 35 Optical Instruments IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn about some common optical instruments and
More informationNo Brain Too Small PHYSICS
WAVES: WAVES BEHAVIOUR QUESTIONS No Brain Too Small PHYSICS DIFFRACTION GRATINGS (2016;3) Moana is doing an experiment in the laboratory. She shines a laser beam at a double slit and observes an interference
More information