Deinking of Inkjet Print Products
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1 PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium 2014 Deinking of Inkjet Print Products The work for this presentation is from a joint project with the Munich University of Applied Sciences. The project was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology within the programme of promoting pre-competitive joint research [IGF] and carried out under the umbrella of the German Federation of Industrial Co-operative Research Associations (AiF). Dr Wolfgang Rauh / Alexander Schiller Fogra Forschungsgesellschaft Druck e.v.
2 Method newsprint uncoated coated paper 1 paper 2 paper 3 paper 4 paper 5 paper 6 Fogra De-Inking Testpage print production print parameters: No ICC-profile ISO-Coated V2 No GCR No press specific colour transformations printing systems: HP T 2000, InfoPrint 5000, Kodak VL 2000, Océ ColorStream 3000 and Océ JetStream 1400 Water-based dye and pigment inkjet inks PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 2
3 Method newsprint uncoated coated paper 1 paper 2 paper 3 paper 4 paper 5 paper 6 print production Deinking tests pigment dye test + assessment Deinkability Score PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 3
4 Method 5 parameters: (1) Luminosity (2) Colour coordinate a* (3) Dirt particle area (4) Ink elimination (5) Filtrate darkening PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 4
5 Method newsprint uncoated coated paper 1 paper 2 paper 3 paper 4 paper 5 paper 6 print production Deinking tests pigment dye bleaching stage oxidative / reductive Voith method test + assessment Deinkability Score test + assessment reference: unprinted, deinked paper PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 5
6 Bleaching tests on dye-based inkjet prints H 2 O 2 (P) Na 2 S 2 O 4 (Y) CH 4 N 2 O 2 S (F) Pulp concentration 10 % 5 % 10 % Concentration of bleaching agents 1.5 % 1 % 0.5 % ph value paper pulp 10.5 no adjustment of ph activated alkaline solution Bleaching temperature 80 C 80 C 80 C Bleaching time 60 min 30 min 30 min PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 6
7 Method newsprint uncoated coated recovered paper mix paper 1 paper 2 paper 3 paper 4 paper 5 paper 6 print production newsprint, magazine, rotogravure Inkjet newsprint (pigment + dye) Deinking tests pigment dye bleaching stage oxidative / reductive Voith method pigment % dye % test + assessment Deinkability Score test + assessment reference: unprinted, deinked paper test + assessment reference: recovered paper mix without inkjet PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 7
8 Deinking tests on recovered paper mix Recovered paper mix: Standard recovered paper mix was defined as follows: 50 % newsprint (print product on uncoated recycled paper). 30 % magazine (print product on improved uncoated paper). 20 % rotogravure (print product on LWC paper). offset newsprint was replaced with inkjet print product. Laboratory deinking method. Assessment development of R 457, a*, IE and Y. PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 8
9 Deinking test results overview of all 28 print products Deinkability Score Score for Luminosity Y Score for Colour a* Score for Dirt Speck Area A 50 Score for Dirt Speck Area A 250 Score for Ink Elimination IE Score for Filtrate Darkening Y PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 9
10 Pigment-based inkjet prints Score for Luminosity Y Score for Colour Coordinate a* Score for Dirt Speck Area A 50 Score for Dirt Speck Area A 250 Score for Ink Elimination IE Score for Filtrate Darkening Y Deinkability Score Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3 Paper 4 Paper 5 Paper Inkjet System PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 10
11 Pigment-based inkjet prints Printing paper Surface energy [mn/m] Polar component [mn/m] Disperse component [mn/m] Contact angle [ ] Paper 1 58,8 ± 0,5 25,5 ±0,3 32,4 ± 0,3 45,1 Paper 2 48,1 ± 0,7 1,7 ± 0,1 46,3 ± 0,5 87,1 Paper 3 32,9 ± 0,4 0,8 ± 0,1 32,1 ± 0,3 98,0 Paper 4 50,3 ± 0,8 22,4 ± 0,5 27,8 ± 0,3 52,7 Paper 5 55,1 ± 0,4 15,0 ± 0,2 40,2 ± 0,3 56,7 Paper 6 41,5 ± 0,8 18,5 ± 0,5 23,0 ± 0,4 61,1 The measurements were performed with a contact angle tester OCA 20 of the company Dataphysics at 23 C and 50 % relative humidity. Contact angles were measured using water as a test liquid. PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 11
12 Dye-based inkjet prints Score for Luminosity Y Score for Colour Coordinate a* Score for Dirt Speck Area A 50 Score for Dirt Speck Area A 250 Score for Ink Elimination IE Score for Filtrate Darkening Y 0 Deinkability Score Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 4 Paper Inkjet System PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 12
13 Dye-based inkjet prints Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 4 Paper 5 Inkjet system 4 Inkjet system 4 Inkjet system 4 Inkjet system 4 Colour of filtrate: pink Colour of filtrate: purple Colour of filtrate: green Discolouration of process water: Colour of filtrate: colourless Print products produced by one inkjet system (dyebased inkjet inks) on different printing papers. Certain paper components interact with ink colorants and thereby produce different coloured filtrates. PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 13
14 Dye-based inkjet prints Paper 2 Inkjet system 4 Filtrate from untreated pulp Paper 2 Inkjet system 4 Filtrate from untreated pulp: reagent 1 Paper 2 Inkjet system 4 Filtrate from untreated pulp: reagent 2 Paper 2 Inkjet system 4 Filtrate from untreated pulp: reagent 3 Effect of different cationic polyelectrolyets : 1. The presence of cationic polyelectrolytes eliminated the discolouration of the process water. 2. The treatment of a test print with a cationic polyelectrolyte showed better deinking results than without treatment. PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 14
15 Bleaching tests on dye-based inkjet prints Inkjet (dye) 6 on newsprint Brightne es (-) base paper treated base paper UP DP H202 Dithionit FAS Flotation deinking Bleaching test PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 15
16 Bleaching tests on dye-based inkjet prints Inkjet (dye) 4 on coated paper Brightne es (-) base paper treated base paper UP DP H202 Dithionit FAS Flotation deinking Bleaching test PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 16
17 Deinking tests on recovered paper mix Deinkability Score Score for Luminosity Y Score for Colour Coordinate a* Score for Dirt Speck Area A 50 Score for Dirt Speck Area A 250 Score for Ink Elimination IE Score for Filtrate Darkening Y Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3 Paper 4 Paper 5 Paper Inkjet System Score for Luminosity Y Score for Colour Coordinate a* Score for Dirt Speck Area A 50 Score for Dirt Speck Area A 250 Score for Ink Elimination IE Score for Filtrate Darkening Y Selection of inkjet prints for deinking tests on recovered paper mix. Deinkability Score Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 4 Paper Inkjet System PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 17
18 Deinking tests on recovered paper mix Whitness (-) Inkjet system 1; paper 2 Inkjet system 1; paper 3 Inkjet system 4 ; paper 2 Colour coordinate a* (-) 0,0-1,0-2,0-3,0 51-4, Ink elimination (%) Filtrate darkening (-) % 10% 20% 30% 0 0% 10% 20% 30% Percentage of inkjet product Percentage of inkjet product PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 18
19 Summary Parameter Effect on deinkability Pigment-based inkjet prints Dye-based inkjet prints Bleaching Recovered paper mix Significant effect of paper on deinking results. No effect of inkjet system on deinking results. Paper parameters: polar component of surface energy. Effect of paper and inkjet system on deinking results. Paper parameters: paper components (cationic polyelectrolytes). Reductive bleaching agents better than oxidative bleaching agents. Standard bleaching agents and concentrations show positive effects dyes. Effect dependent of inkjet system. The complete research report under the title of Deinking von Inkjet-Druckerzeugnissen (Fogra no ) is available in German language as a PDF file. PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 19
20 Further tests on inkjet prints: 4 different inkjet systems and 9 different papers Pigmented water-based inks Same print image / print settings Deinking tests according to INGEDE Method 11 / ERPC s deinking scorecard PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 20
21 Deinking test results 100 Score for Luminosity Y Score for Colour Coordinate a* Score for Dirt Speck Area A 50 Score for Dirt Speck Area A 250 Score for Ink Elimination IE Score for Filtrate Darkening Y Deinkability Score P7-1 P7-2 P7-7 P7-8 P8-7 P9-7 P10-1 P11-1 P12-8 P13-8 P14-2 P15-2 PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 21
22 Paper Increase in Luminosity? Inkjet System Luminosity Y UP DP Increase in Y Paper 7 Inkjet System Luminosity Y UP DP Increase in Y Increase in Y: Between10 to 20 points PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 22
23 Correlation between ash content and deinking results? 100% 50% 90% Inkjet System 1 45% Columns - Ink Elim mination IE [%] 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% blue - uncoated papers green - coated papers 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% Diamnonds - As sh Content [%] 0% % Paper PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 23
24 Summary / outlook Consumables: 1. Inkjettinte 2. Putzmittel 3. Folien 4. weiteres 5. Paper recylability 6. Ddfd Print product 7. Dfdf 8. Dfdf Product test Ink-paper combination Consumables Digital printing press PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 24
25 Kontakt Alexander Schiller Fogra Forschungsgesellschaft Druck e.v. Streitfeldstraße München, Germany Tel PTS-CTP Deinking Symposium Alexander Schiller 25
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