Introduction to Digital Photography

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Introduction to Digital Photography"

Transcription

1 Introduction to Digital Photography

2

3 A CAMERA IS A LIGHT TIGHT BOX

4 All contemporary cameras have the same basic features A light-tight box to hold the camera parts and recording material A viewing system to allow you to compose images A lens and mechanism to focus the image * A way to store the image * And the lens isn t really necessary

5 EXPOSURE

6 Exposure

7

8 Stops A stop is a measurement of exposure. Whole stops double or half the amount of light entering the camera or light necessary to make an image. Stopping Up More Sensitive / More Light Stopping Down Less Sensitive / Less Light Your digital camera has half or third stop increments.

9 THREE THINGS DETERMINE EXPOSURE

10 ISO The lower the number the less sensitive to light. Select an ISO based on available light. Remember, a higher ISO can cause noise in your image.

11 Sensitivity to Light Size of the bucket

12 Film Speed/ISO With film stocks, the lower ISO rating also meant that the photosensitive grains of salt on the film acetate were very fine, thus producing a smoother, cleaner image. A higher ISO had larger, jagged grains of salt, thus producing rougher or grainier images.

13 Film Speed/ISO

14 Film Speed/ISO In digital photography, the same logic applies the lower the ISO rating, the less sensitive the image sensor is to light and therefore the smoother the image, because there is less digital noise in the image. The higher the ISO rating (more sensitive) the harder the image sensor has to work to establish an effective image, which thereby produces more digital noise (those multi-colored speckles in the shadows and in the midtones).

15 Noise Unwanted information (artifacts) that belongs to the process rather than the image More likely at higher ISO s or longer shutter speeds

16 Digital Noise

17 The f-stop refers to the diaphragm in your camera lens that controls the amount of light that enters the camera. It is figured by dividing the focal length of the lens by the diaphragm opening. The smaller the number, the larger the opening or The bigger the number, the bigger the depth of field in your image. Aperture

18 F number = N Focal Length = f Diameter = D Aperture

19 The flow of light into the camera Fast or slow?

20 Light

21 Anything with a small hole can cast an image

22 The smaller the hole, the smaller the overlapping circles and the sharper the image appears.

23 But nothing is sharply focused

24 The small circles cast by the small holes are called circles of confusion.

25 A large aperture with large overlapping circles of confusion.

26 A small aperture with small, overlapping circles of confusion.

27 A focused lens will cast an image with a single sharp plane.

28

29 An aperture, when used with a lens, makes things appear sharp in front of and behind the plane of critical focus

30 Depth of field = Range of acceptable sharpness

31 It s always 1/3 in front and 2/3 behind the plane of critical focus.

32 How aperture affects depth of field

33 How distance affects depth of field

34 How focal length affects depth of field

35 Aperture TWICE F2.8 lets in as much light as F4 F11 lets in HALF as much light as F8

36 Shutter Speed Expressed in fractions of a second 1/x The higher the number the faster the shutter speed.

37 Time Long or short?

38 Shutter Speed is Relative Fast Medium Slow

39

40 Shutter Speeds HALF 1/60 lets in as much light as 1/30 TWICE 1/125 lets in as much light as 1/250

41 Equivalent Exposure

42 Equivalent Exposure

43 Stops & Equivalent Exposure Settings based on light Film Speed Less Sensitive More Sensitive Aperture More Light Less Light Shutter Speed More Light Less Light

44 Light Meter Based on the available light, what do you need to do to make a good exposure? You don t have to guess

45

46 Histograms

47 Histograms

48 Histograms In digital imaging, black is 0 and white is 255 for 256 tones in each color channel.

49 Digital Single Lens Reflex

50 Camera Parts Data Panel Command Dial Shutter Release Prism Hot Shoe Viewfinder Mode Dial Mirror Sensor Shutter Cable Connections Body

51 LENSES

52 Lens Parts Focus Selector Focusing Ring Zoom Adjustment

53 Inside the Lens Multiple Elements Diaphragm - Circle of overlapping leaves to adjust the size of the aperture

54 Lens Focal Length

55 The effect of increasing focal length while keeping the same distance is an increase in magnification and a decrease in angle of view. Lens Focal Length

56 29mm from 1 foot away to 105mm from 12 feet away

57

58 Lens speed isn t the same as shutter speed. A fast lens has a very large aperture and can be used in lower light. Ø mm Filter size Lens Markings

59 Filters UV filter a good investment to protect your lens. Better to buy a new filter than to replace a scratched lens. Polarizing filter reduces glare on reflective surfaces, reduces haze and makes colors appear richer.

60 Zone Focusing Some lenses include a focusing scale for zone focusing. You can focus your camera for a fixed distance and depending on your aperture, anything on that plane and 1/3 in front and 2/3 behind will have acceptable sharpness. Good for sports or if you need to be discrete in focusing your camera.

61 Most like regular human vision For 35mm film - 50 mm lens Larger camera formats have larger normal focal lengths A lens with a fixed focal length is called a prime lens Normal Lenses

62 Telephoto Lenses Decreases angle of view, flattens the image and the lens is usually heavy. A general rule of thumb for using a long lens: the slowest shutter speed for handholding the camera is approximately the same as the focal length a 200 mm lens & 1/250 of a second

63 Contain a range of focal lengths (i.e mm) More expensive than fixed length lenses, but usually more practical Zoom Lenses

64 Designed for close-up photography Lens elements correct the aberrations that can happen in short focusing distances. There are combination Macro/Zoom lenses on market, though they don t usually get as close as a dedicated macro lens. Macro Lenses

65 A short focal length Includes a lot of the scene Can distort perspective (serious foreshortening) Wide Angle Lenses

66 Up to 180 field of view Exaggerate differences in size of objects Usually have a great depth of field Fish-eye Lenses

67 1. Lens Focal Length 2. Maximum Aperture 3. Manual/Auto Focus 4. Distance Scale Lens Markings

68 1. Lens Focal Length 2. Maximum Aperture 3. Manual/Auto Focus 4. Distance Scale 5. Filter Size Lens Markings

69 Automatic Focus Auto-focus can be handy, but sometimes won t cooperate. If your camera won t focus on your subject, try centering the subject in the frame and pressing the shutter release half way. This should bring your subject into focus. Without releasing the shutter button, re-compose your image and fully depress the shutter.

70 DIGITAL IMAGING TERMINOLOGY

71 Image quality depends on 4 things (Film or Digital) 1. How much detail it contains Resolution 2. The range of brightness it can record Dynamic Range 3. How true the colors are Bit Depth 4. Level of imperfections Noise

72 Resolution The measure of detail; depends on the number of pixels in a given are of the image Most often expressed per inch Pixels per inch (ppi) Lines per inch (lpi) Dots per inch (dpi)

73 Resolution in Digital Cameras Optical Resolution The measure of the actual information focused on the sensor by the lens Interpolation Digital manipulation to fill in the gaps between pixels to create more information Sometimes good, sometimes not Digital Zoom is actually interpolation. (not good)

74 Interpolation The receptors on the camera sensorare individually filtered red blue and green in groups, then the missing information is supplied or interpolated from the nearby pixels. Interpolation can help overcome all sorts of problems, but it is processed data (a guess) and not actual data.

75 Dynamic Range Dynamic range is the breadth of information from highlights to shadows DMin the brightest level at which a sensor or film can detect detail DMax the darkest level at which a sensor can detect detail

76 Bit Depth I was told there d be no math The measure of how many different colors a pixel can display 256 is usually sufficient and is used by most software Following the mathematical expression for large numbers, bit depth is usually expressed as 2 raised to whatever power, 256=2 8 Some scanners and cameras work at 210 (1,024) and 212 (4,096)

77 ADDITIVE COLOR THEORY

78

79

80

81

82

83

84 RGB

85

86

87 CYM vs. CYMK

88

89 The range of color a device can produce, or the range of color a color model can represent. The gray area is the entire range of possible colors. The colored area is the range from a CRT monitor. Each corner of the triangle represents a additive primary color. Gamut

90 SENSORS

91 Color Filter Array - CFA The sensor array is covered with a CFA, a mosaic of red, blue and green, with one color covering one sensor. The most popular CFA pattern is the Bayer pattern

92 What your sensor records

93 The final result

94 Accumulates a charge proportionally to the light intensity Can only record monochrome light. Charge Coupled Device - CCD

95 Works on the same principle as CCD, but is manufactured by the same process as computer memory chips Each cell is a memory chip with a light sensor Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor - CMOS

96 DIGITAL TERMINOLOGY

97 Digital Components Bit short for binary digit, the basic unit of computing and has two states, on or off Byte eight bits, one byte has 256 (28) combinations Megabyte MB; approx. 1 million bytes (1,048,576) Pixel smallest unit of a digital image, short for picture element Megapixel approximately 1 million pixels

98 Lossy vs. Lossless Lossless file formats allows you to recreate the file exactly as it was when you saved it. Lossy file formats compress the data to make the file smaller, but have to simplify some of the data to do this. Once the data has been compressed, it can t be restored to it s original state.

99 File Formats JPEG compressed image file named from the International Standards Organization s Joint Photographic Experts Group (lossy) TIFF tagged image file format; a file format for bitmapped images. It supports CMYK, grayscale and RGB files. (lossless) PSD The proprietary file format for Adobe Photoshop files. (lossless)

100 File Formats RAW A camera file format that preserves the data capture and reduces in-camera interpolation. Interpolation happens during image editing. Each camera manufacturer has it s own proprietary file designation. Nikon NEF, Canon CR2, Sony ARW XMP Called a sidecar file, it is a text file that contains the adjustments made to a Camera RAW file.

101 File Formats DNG Digital Negative A cross platform RAW file format. You can convert your camera s RAW file to DNG and then your are no longer dependent on your camera s manufacturer for access to the file. It s also smaller than most Camera RAW files.

102 WHITE BALANCE

103 Gamma Rays <10 picometers 400 nanometers X-Rays 1 nanometer 500 nanometers Ultraviolet Visible Spectrum Infrared 600 nanometers Microwaves 1 centimeter Radio 1 meter 700 nanometers Electromagnetic Spectrum

104 Dusk to night Open shade at noon Hazy to overcast Average clear day 10am 3pm Morning & afternoon light 6500 K - on camera flash 5500 K average strobe system Daylight balanced film 3200 K Photofloods Tungsten balanced film 2700 K 60 watt bulb Sunset 1800 K - candle Black-Body Radiation

105

A CAMERA IS A LIGHT TIGHT BOX

A CAMERA IS A LIGHT TIGHT BOX HOW CAMERAS WORK A CAMERA IS A LIGHT TIGHT BOX Pinhole Principle All contemporary cameras have the same basic features A light-tight box to hold the camera parts and recording material A viewing system

More information

Aperture. The lens opening that allows more, or less light onto the sensor formed by a diaphragm inside the actual lens.

Aperture. The lens opening that allows more, or less light onto the sensor formed by a diaphragm inside the actual lens. PHOTOGRAPHY TERMS: AE - Auto Exposure. When the camera is set to this mode, it will automatically set all the required modes for the light conditions. I.e. Shutter speed, aperture and white balance. The

More information

Digital Files File Format Storage Color Temperature

Digital Files File Format Storage Color Temperature Digital Files Digital Files File Format Storage Color Temperature PIXELS Pixel = picture element - smallest component of a digital image - MEGAPIXEL 1 million pixels = MEGAPIXEL PIXELS more pixels per

More information

Your objective: maximum control, maximum manageability

Your objective: maximum control, maximum manageability Your objective: maximum control, maximum manageability Know how the light works Know how photography works Know the camera you re using Making the most of what you have to work with. ISO This is the first

More information

Digital Imaging with the Nikon D1X and D100 cameras. A tutorial with Simon Stafford

Digital Imaging with the Nikon D1X and D100 cameras. A tutorial with Simon Stafford Digital Imaging with the Nikon D1X and D100 cameras A tutorial with Simon Stafford Contents Fundamental issues of Digital Imaging Camera controls Practical Issues Questions & Answers (hopefully!) Digital

More information

CAMERA BASICS. Stops of light

CAMERA BASICS. Stops of light CAMERA BASICS Stops of light A stop of light isn t a quantifiable measurement it s a relative measurement. A stop of light is defined as a doubling or halving of any quantity of light. The word stop is

More information

Chapter 2-Digital Components

Chapter 2-Digital Components Chapter 2-Digital Components What Makes Digital Cameras Work? This is how the D-SLR (Digital Single Lens Reflex) Camera works. The sensor This is the light sensitive part of your camera There are two basic

More information

One Week to Better Photography

One Week to Better Photography One Week to Better Photography Glossary Adobe Bridge Useful application packaged with Adobe Photoshop that previews, organizes and renames digital image files and creates digital contact sheets Adobe Photoshop

More information

DSLR Essentials: Class Notes

DSLR Essentials: Class Notes DSLR Essentials: Class Notes The digital SLR has seen a surge in popularity in recent years. Many are enjoying the superior photographic experiences provided by these feature packed cameras. Interchangeable

More information

9/19/16. A Closer Look. Danae Wolfe. What We ll Cover. Basics of photography & your camera. Technical. Macro & close-up techniques.

9/19/16. A Closer Look. Danae Wolfe. What We ll Cover. Basics of photography & your camera. Technical. Macro & close-up techniques. A Closer Look Danae Wolfe What We ll Cover Basics of photography & your camera Technical Macro & close-up techniques Creative 1 What is Photography? Photography: the art, science, & practice of creating

More information

25 Questions. All are multiple choice questions. 4 will require an additional written response explaining your answer.

25 Questions. All are multiple choice questions. 4 will require an additional written response explaining your answer. 9 th Grade Digital Photography Final Review- Written Portion of Exam EXAM STRUCTURE: 25 Questions. All are multiple choice questions. 4 will require an additional written response explaining your answer.

More information

Name Digital Imaging I Chapters 9 12 Review Material

Name Digital Imaging I Chapters 9 12 Review Material Name Digital Imaging I Chapters 9 12 Review Material Chapter 9 Filters A filter is a glass or plastic lens attachment that you put on the front of your lens to protect the lens or alter the image as you

More information

Chapter 6-Existing Light Photography

Chapter 6-Existing Light Photography Chapter 6-Existing Light Photography All of these images were taken with available light. Painting with light-using available light Photography that includes artificial light which naturally exists in

More information

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR OBJECT DOCUMENTATION GOOD, BETTER, BEST

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR OBJECT DOCUMENTATION GOOD, BETTER, BEST DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR OBJECT DOCUMENTATION GOOD, BETTER, BEST INTRODUCTION This document will introduce participants in the techniques and procedures of collection documentation without the necessity

More information

These aren t just cameras

These aren t just cameras Roger Easley 2016 These aren t just cameras These are computers. Your camera is a specialized computer Creates files of data Has memory Has a screen display Has menus of options for you to navigate Your

More information

PHOTO 11: INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL IMAGING

PHOTO 11: INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL IMAGING 1 PHOTO 11: INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL IMAGING Instructor: Sue Leith, sleith@csus.edu EXAM REVIEW Computer Components: Hardware - the term used to describe computer equipment -- hard drives, printers, scanners.

More information

Presented by Craig Stocks Arts by Craig Stocks Arts

Presented by Craig Stocks Arts by Craig Stocks Arts Presented by Craig Stocks Arts www.craigstocksarts.com 2010 by Craig Stocks Arts Basic camera settings for point and shoot cameras (resolution, quality) Resolution - how much can you enlarge a picture?

More information

Photography Help Sheets

Photography Help Sheets Photography Help Sheets Phone: 01233 771915 Web: www.bigcatsanctuary.org Using your Digital SLR What is Exposure? Exposure is basically the process of recording light onto your digital sensor (or film).

More information

Intro to Digital SLR and ILC Photography Week 1 The Camera Body

Intro to Digital SLR and ILC Photography Week 1 The Camera Body Intro to Digital SLR and ILC Photography Week 1 The Camera Body Instructor: Roger Buchanan Class notes are available at www.thenerdworks.com Course Outline: Week 1 Camera Body; Week 2 Lenses; Week 3 Accessories,

More information

Two Basic Digital Camera Types ( ) ( )

Two Basic Digital Camera Types ( ) ( ) Camera Basics Two Basic Digital Camera Types Digital SLR (Single Lens Reflex) Digital non-slr ( ) ( ) Camera Controls (where they are) Knobs & Switches Control Buttons Menu (several) Camera Controls (where

More information

Photography PreTest Boyer Valley Mallory

Photography PreTest Boyer Valley Mallory Photography PreTest Boyer Valley Mallory Matching- Elements of Design 1) three-dimensional shapes, expressing length, width, and depth. Balls, cylinders, boxes and triangles are forms. 2) a mark with greater

More information

CTE BASIC DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY STUDY GUIDE

CTE BASIC DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY STUDY GUIDE CTE BASIC DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY STUDY GUIDE VOCABULARY Histogram a graph of all tones in an image Image/adjust (hue/saturation, brightness/contrast) hue: color name (like green), saturation: how opaque (rich

More information

F-number sequence. a change of f-number to the next in the sequence corresponds to a factor of 2 change in light intensity,

F-number sequence. a change of f-number to the next in the sequence corresponds to a factor of 2 change in light intensity, 1 F-number sequence a change of f-number to the next in the sequence corresponds to a factor of 2 change in light intensity, 0.7, 1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32, Example: What is the difference

More information

Photography Basics. Exposure

Photography Basics. Exposure Photography Basics Exposure Impact Voice Transformation Creativity Narrative Composition Use of colour / tonality Depth of Field Use of Light Basics Focus Technical Exposure Courtesy of Bob Ryan Depth

More information

Making the right lens choice All images Paul Hazell

Making the right lens choice All images Paul Hazell Making the right lens choice All images Paul Hazell Aperture and focal length The two terms to make sure you understand when choosing a photographic lens for an SLR are the maximum aperture and the focal

More information

Lenses, exposure, and (de)focus

Lenses, exposure, and (de)focus Lenses, exposure, and (de)focus http://graphics.cs.cmu.edu/courses/15-463 15-463, 15-663, 15-862 Computational Photography Fall 2017, Lecture 15 Course announcements Homework 4 is out. - Due October 26

More information

Aperture & ƒ/stop Worksheet

Aperture & ƒ/stop Worksheet Tools and Program Needed: Digital C. Computer USB Drive Bridge PhotoShop Name: Manipulating Depth-of-Field Aperture & stop Worksheet The aperture setting (AV on the dial) is a setting to control the amount

More information

Lens Aperture. South Pasadena High School Final Exam Study Guide- 1 st Semester Photo ½. Study Guide Topics that will be on the Final Exam

Lens Aperture. South Pasadena High School Final Exam Study Guide- 1 st Semester Photo ½. Study Guide Topics that will be on the Final Exam South Pasadena High School Final Exam Study Guide- 1 st Semester Photo ½ Study Guide Topics that will be on the Final Exam The Rule of Thirds Depth of Field Lens and its properties Aperture and F-Stop

More information

Introduction to camera usage. The universal manual controls of most cameras

Introduction to camera usage. The universal manual controls of most cameras Introduction to camera usage A camera in its barest form is simply a light tight container that utilizes a lens with iris, a shutter that has variable speeds, and contains a sensitive piece of media, either

More information

Digital 1! Course Notes.

Digital 1! Course Notes. Digital 1 Course Notes Anatomy of a DSLR Light' Enters' Camera 1. Lenshood: Used to control additional light entering the lens. 2. UV filter that is purchased separately from the lens. Screws onto the

More information

STANDARDS? We don t need no stinkin standards! David Ski Witzke Vice President, Program Management FORAY Technologies

STANDARDS? We don t need no stinkin standards! David Ski Witzke Vice President, Program Management FORAY Technologies STANDARDS? We don t need no stinkin standards! David Ski Witzke Vice President, Program Management FORAY Technologies www.foray.com 1.888.849.6688 2005, FORAY Technologies. All rights reserved. What s

More information

Failure is a crucial part of the creative process. Authentic success arrives only after we have mastered failing better. George Bernard Shaw

Failure is a crucial part of the creative process. Authentic success arrives only after we have mastered failing better. George Bernard Shaw PHOTOGRAPHY 101 All photographers have their own vision, their own artistic sense of the world. Unless you re trying to satisfy a client in a work for hire situation, the pictures you make should please

More information

Capturing and Editing Digital Images *

Capturing and Editing Digital Images * Digital Media The material in this handout is excerpted from Digital Media Curriculum Primer a work written by Dr. Yue-Ling Wong (ylwong@wfu.edu), Department of Computer Science and Department of Art,

More information

Setting Up Your Camera Overview

Setting Up Your Camera Overview Setting Up Your Camera Overview Lecture #1B LOUDEN 1 Digital Shooting: Setting up your Camera & Taking Photographs Watch this Video: Getting to Know Some Controls on Your Camera (DSLR CAMERAS): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wu63fbg27o&feature=rel

More information

This has given you a good introduction to the world of photography, however there are other important and fundamental camera functions and skills

This has given you a good introduction to the world of photography, however there are other important and fundamental camera functions and skills THE DSLR CAMERA Before we Begin For those of you who have studied photography the chances are that in most cases you have been using a digital compact camera. This has probably involved you turning the

More information

A Digital Camera Glossary. Ashley Rodriguez, Charlie Serrano, Luis Martinez, Anderson Guatemala PERIOD 6

A Digital Camera Glossary. Ashley Rodriguez, Charlie Serrano, Luis Martinez, Anderson Guatemala PERIOD 6 A Digital Camera Glossary Ashley Rodriguez, Charlie Serrano, Luis Martinez, Anderson Guatemala PERIOD 6 A digital Camera Glossary Ivan Encinias, Sebastian Limas, Amir Cal Ivan encinias Image sensor A silicon

More information

Elements of Exposure

Elements of Exposure Elements of Exposure Exposure refers to the amount of light and the duration of time that light is allowed to expose film or a digital-imaging sensor. Exposure is controlled by f-stop, shutter speed, and

More information

DSLR FOCUS MODES. Single/ One shot Area Continuous/ AI Servo Manual

DSLR FOCUS MODES. Single/ One shot Area Continuous/ AI Servo Manual DSLR FOCUS MODES Single/ One shot Area Continuous/ AI Servo Manual Single Area Focus Mode The Single Area AF, also known as AF-S for Nikon or One shot AF for Canon. A pretty straightforward way to acquire

More information

Basic principles of photography. David Capel 346B IST

Basic principles of photography. David Capel 346B IST Basic principles of photography David Capel 346B IST Latin Camera Obscura = Dark Room Light passing through a small hole produces an inverted image on the opposite wall Safely observing the solar eclipse

More information

A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO PHOTOGRAPHY CHEATSHEET

A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO PHOTOGRAPHY CHEATSHEET A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO PHOTOGRAPHY Cameras are complicated. It took me a ton of trial and error before I started to capture some pretty spectacular images. This cheatsheet is the reference guide I wish

More information

>--- UnSorted Tag Reference [ExifTool -a -m -u -G -sort ] ExifTool Ver: 10.07

>--- UnSorted Tag Reference [ExifTool -a -m -u -G -sort ] ExifTool Ver: 10.07 From Image File C:\AEB\RAW_Test\_MG_4376.CR2 Total Tags = 433 (Includes Composite Tags) and Duplicate Tags >------ SORTED Tag Position >--- UnSorted Tag Reference [ExifTool -a -m -u -G -sort ] ExifTool

More information

Unlimited Membership - $ The Unlimited Membership is an affordable way to get access to all of Open Media's community resouces.

Unlimited Membership - $ The Unlimited Membership is an affordable way to get access to all of Open Media's community resouces. Introduction to Digital Photography Introduction: Your name, where you work, how did you hear about DOM, any relevant experience, why do you want to learn to shoot video with your DSLR camera? Purpose

More information

Glossary of Terms (Basic Photography)

Glossary of Terms (Basic Photography) Glossary of Terms (Basic ) Ambient Light The available light completely surrounding a subject. Light already existing in an indoor or outdoor setting that is not caused by any illumination supplied by

More information

Presented to you today by the Fort Collins Digital Camera Club

Presented to you today by the Fort Collins Digital Camera Club Presented to you today by the Fort Collins Digital Camera Club www.fcdcc.com Photography: February 19, 2011 Fort Collins Digital Camera Club 2 Film Photography: Photography using light sensitive chemicals

More information

To do this, the lens itself had to be set to viewing mode so light passed through just as it does when making the

To do this, the lens itself had to be set to viewing mode so light passed through just as it does when making the CHAPTER 4 - EXPOSURE In the last chapter, we mentioned fast shutter speeds and moderate apertures. Shutter speed and aperture are 2 of only 3 settings that are required to make a photographic exposure.

More information

TAKING GREAT PICTURES. A Modest Introduction

TAKING GREAT PICTURES. A Modest Introduction TAKING GREAT PICTURES A Modest Introduction HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT CAMERA EQUIPMENT WE ARE NOW LIVING THROUGH THE GOLDEN AGE OF PHOTOGRAPHY Rapid innovation gives us much better cameras and photo software...

More information

DSLR Cameras have a wide variety of lenses that can be used.

DSLR Cameras have a wide variety of lenses that can be used. Chapter 8-Lenses DSLR Cameras have a wide variety of lenses that can be used. The camera lens is very important in making great photographs. It controls what the sensor sees, how much of the scene is included,

More information

Getting the Basics Right

Getting the Basics Right Sinclair Scott President, 30 September 2014 Getting the Basics Right An Introduction to Digital Photography Subjects to be covered How does a digital camera work Types of Cameras Other kit Images in your

More information

Mastering Y our Your Digital Camera

Mastering Y our Your Digital Camera Mastering Your Digital Camera The Exposure Triangle The ISO setting on your camera defines how sensitive it is to light. Normally ISO 100 is the least sensitive setting on your camera and as the ISO numbers

More information

To start there are three key properties that you need to understand: ISO (sensitivity)

To start there are three key properties that you need to understand: ISO (sensitivity) Some Photo Fundamentals Photography is at once relatively simple and technically confusing at the same time. The camera is basically a black box with a hole in its side camera comes from camera obscura,

More information

OBJECT PHOTOGRAPHY. iskills Workshop October 12, :30 6:30pm

OBJECT PHOTOGRAPHY. iskills Workshop October 12, :30 6:30pm OBJECT PHOTOGRAPHY iskills Workshop October 12, 2017 4:30 6:30pm INTRODUCTION WORKSHOP OVERVIEW 1. Introduction to Object Photography 2. Brief orientation to the Canon Rebel 3. Automatic 4. Manual Mode

More information

THE DIFFERENCE MAKER COMPARISON GUIDE

THE DIFFERENCE MAKER COMPARISON GUIDE THE DIFFERENCE MAKER D850 vs D810 Feature Set D850 Resolution 45.7 Megapixels D810 ISO Range 99 Cross Type AF Points Cross type AF points +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

More information

School of Digital Media Arts Photography GM300BB

School of Digital Media Arts Photography GM300BB Washtenaw Community College Don Werthmann School of Digital Media Arts Photography GM300BB 973-3586 http://courses.wccnet.edu/~donw donw@wccnet.edu What is a Digital Image? Any digital image is composed

More information

Digital Imaging Group. 20th June Working at the High End

Digital Imaging Group. 20th June Working at the High End Digital Imaging Group 20th June 2014 Working at the High End Processing RAW files in Adobe Camera Raw (ACR) (and a little about high pixel count cameras later) What is RAW? The RAW file captures information

More information

Autofocus Problems The Camera Lens

Autofocus Problems The Camera Lens NEWHorenstein.04.Lens.32-55 3/11/05 11:53 AM Page 36 36 4 The Camera Lens Autofocus Problems Autofocus can be a powerful aid when it works, but frustrating when it doesn t. And there are some situations

More information

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SETTINGS ON YOUR CAMERA!

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SETTINGS ON YOUR CAMERA! Chapter 4-Exposure ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SETTINGS ON YOUR CAMERA! Exposure Basics The amount of light reaching the film or digital sensor. Each digital image requires a specific amount of light to

More information

Image Formation and Capture. Acknowledgment: some figures by B. Curless, E. Hecht, W.J. Smith, B.K.P. Horn, and A. Theuwissen

Image Formation and Capture. Acknowledgment: some figures by B. Curless, E. Hecht, W.J. Smith, B.K.P. Horn, and A. Theuwissen Image Formation and Capture Acknowledgment: some figures by B. Curless, E. Hecht, W.J. Smith, B.K.P. Horn, and A. Theuwissen Image Formation and Capture Real world Optics Sensor Devices Sources of Error

More information

CERTIFIED PROFESSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHER (CPP) TEST SPECIFICATIONS CAMERA, LENSES AND ATTACHMENTS (12%)

CERTIFIED PROFESSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHER (CPP) TEST SPECIFICATIONS CAMERA, LENSES AND ATTACHMENTS (12%) CERTIFIED PROFESSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHER (CPP) TEST SPECIFICATIONS CAMERA, LENSES AND ATTACHMENTS (12%) Items relating to this category will include digital cameras as well as the various lenses, menu settings

More information

Portraiture. Landscape. Still Life. Macro. Suggested Galleries: Wildlife. National Portrait Gallery. Architecture. Photographers Gallery.

Portraiture. Landscape. Still Life. Macro. Suggested Galleries: Wildlife. National Portrait Gallery. Architecture. Photographers Gallery. + + A - Level Photography provides students with opportunities to develop personal responses to ideas, observations, experiences, environments and cultures through practical, critical and contextual forms

More information

Cameras. Digital Visual Effects, Spring 2008 Yung-Yu Chuang 2008/2/26. with slides by Fredo Durand, Brian Curless, Steve Seitz and Alexei Efros

Cameras. Digital Visual Effects, Spring 2008 Yung-Yu Chuang 2008/2/26. with slides by Fredo Durand, Brian Curless, Steve Seitz and Alexei Efros Cameras Digital Visual Effects, Spring 2008 Yung-Yu Chuang 2008/2/26 with slides by Fredo Durand, Brian Curless, Steve Seitz and Alexei Efros Camera trial #1 scene film Put a piece of film in front of

More information

Cameras. Shrinking the aperture. Camera trial #1. Pinhole camera. Digital Visual Effects Yung-Yu Chuang. Put a piece of film in front of an object.

Cameras. Shrinking the aperture. Camera trial #1. Pinhole camera. Digital Visual Effects Yung-Yu Chuang. Put a piece of film in front of an object. Camera trial #1 Cameras Digital Visual Effects Yung-Yu Chuang scene film with slides by Fredo Durand, Brian Curless, Steve Seitz and Alexei Efros Put a piece of film in front of an object. Pinhole camera

More information

SUBCOURSE EDITION SS PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOGRAPHY

SUBCOURSE EDITION SS PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOGRAPHY SUBCOURSE EDITION SS 0507 6 PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOGRAPHY U.S. ARMY STILL PHOTOGRAPHIC SPECIALIST MOS 84B SKILL LEVELS 1 and 2 COURSE PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOGRAPHY SUBCOURSE NO. SS 0507 U.S. Army Signal School

More information

Cameras have number of controls that allow the user to change the way the photograph looks.

Cameras have number of controls that allow the user to change the way the photograph looks. Anatomy of a camera - Camera Controls Cameras have number of controls that allow the user to change the way the photograph looks. Focus In the eye the cornea and the lens adjust the focus on the retina.

More information

Improve Your Photography by using Simple Camera Settings and Techniques

Improve Your Photography by using Simple Camera Settings and Techniques Improve Your Photography by using Simple Camera Settings and Techniques Francis J Pullen 2012 +44 (0)7768 364 567 images@francispullen.co.uk www.francispullen.co.uk Introduction Digital Cameras offer tremendous

More information

1 / 9

1 / 9 WWW.RICHIEHUG.COM 1 / 9 A Beginner's Guide to Digital Photography Version 1.2 By Richie Hug November 24, 2016. Most people owning a digital camera have never used other settings than just the AUTO mode.

More information

State Library of Queensland Digitisation Toolkit: Scanning and capture guide for image-based material

State Library of Queensland Digitisation Toolkit: Scanning and capture guide for image-based material State Library of Queensland Digitisation Toolkit: Scanning and capture guide for image-based material Introduction While the term digitisation can encompass a broad range, for the purposes of this guide,

More information

What Are The Basic Part Of A Film Camera

What Are The Basic Part Of A Film Camera What Are The Basic Part Of A Film Camera Focuses Incoming Light Rays So let's talk about the moustaches in this movie, they are practically characters of their An instrument that produces images by focusing

More information

DIGITAL IMAGING FOUNDATIONS

DIGITAL IMAGING FOUNDATIONS CHAPTER DIGITAL IMAGING FOUNDATIONS Photography is, and always has been, a blend of art and science. The technology has continually changed and evolved over the centuries but the goal of photographers

More information

Nikon 200mm f/4d ED-IF AF Micro Nikkor (Tested)

Nikon 200mm f/4d ED-IF AF Micro Nikkor (Tested) Nikon 200mm f/4d ED-IF AF Micro Nikkor (Tested) Nikon 200mm f/4d ED-IF AF Micro Nikkor Image Circle 35mm Type Telephoto Prime Macro Focal Length 200mm APS Equivalent 300mm Max Aperture f/4 Min Aperture

More information

TAKING GREAT PICTURES. A Modest Introduction

TAKING GREAT PICTURES. A Modest Introduction TAKING GREAT PICTURES A Modest Introduction 1 HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT CAMERA EQUIPMENT 2 THE REALLY CONFUSING CAMERA MARKET Hundreds of models are now available Canon alone has 41 models 28 compacts and

More information

Using Your Digital SLR

Using Your Digital SLR APPENDIX B Using Your Digital SLR This appendix contains information about choosing, using, and maintaining your digital SLR camera. In This Appendix The following topics are addressed in this appendix:

More information

Aperture & Shutter Speed Review

Aperture & Shutter Speed Review Aperture & Shutter Speed Review Light Meters Your camera s light meter measures the available light in a scene. It does so by averaging all of the reflected light in the image to find 18% gray. By metering

More information

Term 1 Study Guide for Digital Photography

Term 1 Study Guide for Digital Photography Name: Period Term 1 Study Guide for Digital Photography History: 1. The first type of camera was a camera obscura. 2. took the world s first permanent camera image. 3. invented film and the prototype of

More information

Camera Modes Worksheet

Camera Modes Worksheet Tools and Program Needed: Digital C. Computer USB Drive Bridge PhotoShop Camera Modes Worksheet Targets 1. Students will create images demonstrating an understanding of Auto Scene Modes and Creative Zone

More information

Digital photo sizes and file formats

Digital photo sizes and file formats Digital photo sizes and file formats What the size means pixels, bytes & dpi How colour affects size File formats and sizes - compression Why you might need to change the size How to change size For Tynemouth

More information

Understanding Image Formats And When to Use Them

Understanding Image Formats And When to Use Them Understanding Image Formats And When to Use Them Are you familiar with the extensions after your images? There are so many image formats that it s so easy to get confused! File extensions like.jpeg,.bmp,.gif,

More information

Aperture & Shutter Speed Review

Aperture & Shutter Speed Review Aperture & Shutter Speed Review Light Meters Your camera s light meter measures the available light in a scene. It does so by averaging all of the reflected light in the image to find 18% gray. By metering

More information

Photographing Waterfalls

Photographing Waterfalls Photographing Waterfalls Developed and presented by Harry O Connor oconnorhj@yahoo.com July 26, 2017* All photos by Harry O Connor * Based on May 2012 topic Introduction Waterfall photographs are landscapes

More information

brief history of photography foveon X3 imager technology description

brief history of photography foveon X3 imager technology description brief history of photography foveon X3 imager technology description imaging technology 30,000 BC chauvet-pont-d arc pinhole camera principle first described by Aristotle fourth century B.C. oldest known

More information

Digital Media. Daniel Fuller ITEC 2110

Digital Media. Daniel Fuller ITEC 2110 Digital Media Daniel Fuller ITEC 2110 Scanners Types of Scanners Flatbed Sheet-fed Handheld Drum Scanner Resolution Reported in dpi (dots per inch) To see what "dots" in dpi stands for, let's look at how

More information

Digital Imaging Rochester Institute of Technology

Digital Imaging Rochester Institute of Technology Digital Imaging 1999 Rochester Institute of Technology So Far... camera AgX film processing image AgX photographic film captures image formed by the optical elements (lens). Unfortunately, the processing

More information

Lighting Techniques 18 The Color of Light 21 SAMPLE

Lighting Techniques 18 The Color of Light 21 SAMPLE Advanced Evidence Photography Contents Table of Contents General Photographic Principles. 2 Camera Operation 2 Selecting a Lens 2 Focusing 3 Depth of Field 4 Controlling Exposure 6 Reciprocity 7 ISO Speed

More information

Technical Guide Technical Guide

Technical Guide Technical Guide Technical Guide Technical Guide Introduction This Technical Guide details the principal techniques used to create two of the more technically advanced photographs in the D800/D800E catalog. Enjoy this

More information

This histogram represents the +½ stop exposure from the bracket illustrated on the first page.

This histogram represents the +½ stop exposure from the bracket illustrated on the first page. Washtenaw Community College Digital M edia Arts Photo http://courses.wccnet.edu/~donw Don W erthm ann GM300BB 973-3586 donw@wccnet.edu Exposure Strategies for Digital Capture Regardless of the media choice

More information

Source: (January 4, 2010)

Source:   (January 4, 2010) Source: http://www.slrgear.com/reviews/showproduct.php/product/101/cat/12 (January 4, 2010) Name Nikon 105mm ƒ/2d AF DC Nikkor Image Circle 35mm Type Telephoto Prime Defocus Control Focal Length 105mm

More information

Dust reduction filter. Live View

Dust reduction filter. Live View E P2 Art Filters, Multi Exposure, Multi aspect Tiltable, high contrast and high resolution electronic viewfinder* Accessory Port High Speed 12.3 Megapixel Live MOS sensor High performance built in Real

More information

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS ITC 31012: GRAPHICAL DESIGN APPLICATIONS AJM HASMY hasmie@gmail.com WHAT CAN PS DO? - PHOTOSHOPPING CREATING IMAGE Custom icons, buttons, lines, balls or text art web

More information

So far, I have discussed setting up the camera for

So far, I have discussed setting up the camera for Chapter 3: The Shooting Modes So far, I have discussed setting up the camera for quick shots, relying on features such as Auto mode for taking pictures with settings controlled mostly by the camera s automation.

More information

Overview. Shooting the Picture. Lunch with Computers Digital Photography Dusty Stiles Tandy Wilson. Group Questions

Overview. Shooting the Picture. Lunch with Computers Digital Photography Dusty Stiles Tandy Wilson. Group Questions Lunch with Computers Digital Photography Dusty Stiles Tandy Wilson Overview Group Questions Holding the camera; shooting the picture Transferring images to a computer Basic photo editing Posting and sharing

More information

aperture, shutter speed

aperture, shutter speed CUDGEGONG C A M E R A C L U B aperture, shutter speed and ISO exposure When you think of the craft or art of photography, you must immediately think of exposure. Exposure is a critical element that determines

More information

The Raw Deal Raw VS. JPG

The Raw Deal Raw VS. JPG The Raw Deal Raw VS. JPG Photo Plus Expo New York City, October 31st, 2003. 2003 By Jeff Schewe Notes at: www.schewephoto.com/workshop The Raw Deal How a CCD Works The Chip The Raw Deal How a CCD Works

More information

PHOTOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL IMAGING

PHOTOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL IMAGING PHOTOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL IMAGING In this session, the presenter Tim Cordell began the session by explaining that there are two basic components in digital images, the number of pixels and print size. Mr.

More information

Objective: to give you some understanding of why you might push more than just the big shiny silver button...

Objective: to give you some understanding of why you might push more than just the big shiny silver button... Objective: to give you some understanding of why you might push more than just the big shiny silver button... Why am I making this presentation? Simply put: to share understanding What will we cover? Aperture

More information

Communication Graphics Basic Vocabulary

Communication Graphics Basic Vocabulary Communication Graphics Basic Vocabulary Aperture: The size of the lens opening through which light passes, commonly known as f-stop. The aperture controls the volume of light that is allowed to reach the

More information

Processing RAW files in ACR Roy Killen, APSEM, EFIAP, GMPSA

Processing RAW files in ACR Roy Killen, APSEM, EFIAP, GMPSA Processing RAW files in ACR Roy Killen, APSEM, EFIAP, GMPSA (c) 2017 Roy Killen RAW Page 1 Processing RAW files What are RAW files? Most digital cameras save files to memory cards in one of two basic formats

More information

Exposure settings & Lens choices

Exposure settings & Lens choices Exposure settings & Lens choices Graham Relf Tynemouth Photographic Society September 2018 www.tynemouthps.org We will look at the 3 variables available for manual control of digital photos: Exposure time/duration,

More information

University Of Lübeck ISNM Presented by: Omar A. Hanoun

University Of Lübeck ISNM Presented by: Omar A. Hanoun University Of Lübeck ISNM 12.11.2003 Presented by: Omar A. Hanoun What Is CCD? Image Sensor: solid-state device used in digital cameras to capture and store an image. Photosites: photosensitive diodes

More information

1. Any wide view of a physical space. a. Panorama c. Landscape e. Panning b. Grayscale d. Aperture

1. Any wide view of a physical space. a. Panorama c. Landscape e. Panning b. Grayscale d. Aperture Match the words below with the correct definition. 1. Any wide view of a physical space. a. Panorama c. Landscape e. Panning b. Grayscale d. Aperture 2. Light sensitivity of your camera s sensor. a. Flash

More information

Digital Cameras. Consumer and Prosumer

Digital Cameras. Consumer and Prosumer Digital Cameras Overview While silver-halide film has been the dominant photographic process for the past 150 years, the use and role of technology is fast-becoming a standard for the making of photographs.

More information

STUDY GUIDE FOR THE STATE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY TEST

STUDY GUIDE FOR THE STATE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY TEST Make sure to do the 10 Internet Assignments for the test help. STUDY GUIDE FOR THE STATE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY TEST Dear student, Use this study guide to help with the BIG all IMPORTANT State Digital Photography

More information