UNIT 11: PAINTING, STAINING, AND FINISHING

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1 KEY CONCEPTS 1. Equipment needed 2. Primary kinds of Paint: Interior/Exterior 3. Primary kinds of Stain: Interior/Exterior 4. Proper application techniques: Paint/Stain/Finish 5. Equipment care and clean up 6. Hazards and safety issues INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES 1. Complete Follow Up Worksheet from Unit 10 Drywall 2. Identify equipment needed 3. Discuss different kinds of paint 4. Discuss preparations needed before painting 5. Demonstrate proper application of paint (lab) 6. Proper clean up for paint 7. Hazard prevention and safety 8. Summarize Key Concepts 9. Maintaining paint and finishes ASSESS LEARNING OF KEY CONCEPTS Have students discuss basic preparations, application, and clean up questions. 1

2 EQUIPMENT NEEDED Ladders Damp Rags Angle Brush Roller pan and Disposable Liners Paint Roller and Covers for each Color (primer and finish coat) Roller Handle Extenders Paint Paint Stir Sticks Utility Knife Small Containers for Brush Painting Drop Cloth Masking Tape Putty Knife Buckets for Clean Up Paper Towels EQUIPMENT USES 1. Rollers Most common size is 9 inch Napped roller covers come in 3 lengths: short, medium, and long Short nap is ¼" thick and used for applying paint to smooth surfaces like gypsum wallboard and plaster Medium nap is ½" to ¾" thick and used for applying paint to semi-rough surfaces like siding or cement block Long nap 1" to 1¼" thick and used for applying paint to rough surfaces like stucco, concrete block, and brick 2. Roller Extension Handles Screw into roller handles to extend the length of roller. They are used to reach ceilings and high walls 3. Roller Pans Roller covers are rolled across the ribbed surface of a pan, allowing it to pick up paint more evenly 4. Paint Brushes Brush bristles are made with natural or synthetic materials Natural brushes can be used with alkyd-based paints Synthetic brushes can be used with any paint Size and shape of Brush 3" to 4" square cut brushes are used for large areas like floors, walls, ceilings, and exterior surfaces 2½" to 3" brushes are used for stain, or to paint doors. 1½" to 2" angle cut brushes are used for painting windows, trim, and furniture. 5. Masking Tape Tape along edges of glass and trim before painting, so that they do not get covered with paint 6. Drop Cloths Used to cover and protect floors, appliances, and furniture from paint splatters 2

3 B A L K C E D G E B F H I J A. Roller Pan B. Small container for brush painting C. Roller Covers D. Roller Handle E. Extension Handle F. Paint Brushes G. Painting Pad and Handle H. Masking Tape I. Masking Paper J. Paper Towels K. Drop-in screen for roller L. Drop Cloth 3

4 TYPES OF PAINT 1. Interior Paint Finishes A. Latex (water based) Quick to dry Easy to clean with soap and water Less Expensive B. Alkyd-based Rich, durable finish Fumes require need for ventilation Requires paint thinner for clean up Slower drying More expensive C. Masonry and Metal Paints D. Fire-retardant Paints E. Vapor Barrier Paints 2. Exterior Paint Finishes A. Exterior Latex May apply in temperatures between 50 and 80 degrees Odorless, mildew-resistant Clean with soap and water Brush, roll, or spray B. Exterior Oil-Based Slow drying Requires solvent for cleaning and thinning Brush, roll, or spray C. Specialty paints Masonry paints Enamels 3. Primer A. Available in oil-based and latex B. Must be dry before painted over, but can t wait too long to apply the top coat C. Primer is crucial step before painting fresh wood and previously painted surfaces 4. Paint Finish A. Flat: matte finish B. Semi-Gloss: medium shininess C. Gloss: shiny surface 5. Color Charts A. Ready mixed B. Custom blended colors TYPES OF STAINS 1. Available in oil-based and latex 2. Available in a variety of colors, tints, and natural finishes 3. Does not have longevity of paint, especially in high traffic areas like wooden decks 4

5 THREE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS 1. Preparation of surface 2. Application of paint 3. Best quality of paint you can afford PAINTING PREPARATION 1. Prepare the room for painting Before you begin to paint, all floors need to be swept and clean. Use a shop-vac in all corners and electric outlets. Leave time for drywall dust to settle. Everything that can be moved out of the room, should be, to make painting easier. Items that cannot be moved out, need to be covered with a drop cloth. Cover and tape around tub and shower unit, including fixtures. Tape around any cabinets or smoke detectors if already installed. Use masking tape to cover edge of window panes. Tape around door knobs, outlets, thermostat covers, etc. and remove outlet covers. Fill nail holes or other holes in walls with putty. Assemble all equipment rollers brushes, ladders, etc. Protect exterior steps and porch from messy shoes with cardboard. If paint has not been shaken recently it will need to be thoroughly mixed with a drill with a stirring attachment. 2. Preparation of Surface Make sure that the surface is clean. Wash dirt and grit off exterior of house with wire brushes, rags, and water. If you are repainting an older house use a pressure washer, or wash with trisodium phosphate and water solution. Be sure to wear eye protection. Remove old paint that is peeling, blistered or wrinkled using a paint scraper. Remove old wall paper with steamer or chemical wallpaper stripper (if only one layer of wall paper, you can paint over it, after properly sealed) Fill holes and gaps in trim with wood putty Sand rough surfaces 5

6 INTERIOR PAINT APPLICATION 1. Apply Moisture Barrier in new construction we will use a moisture barrier on exterior walls, laundry rooms, bathrooms, and other areas as instructed by your shift or task leaders. 2. Apply Primer a primer may be needed on older surfaces to seal in stains and on some new surfaces to prepare new surfaces for paint. Primer and finish paint steps are not the same. You must let the primer dry completely before you start the finish coat, and each coat after that, if more than one coat is needed for even coverage. 3. Cutting in this means to go around all corners, ceilings and trim work with an angled brush. Before you can start painting with a roller, the room needs to be cut in. This is a slow job. You will need 2 to 3 people cutting in for every 1 person that is rolling on paint. Cutting in is done first so that when the wall is rolled with paint, most of the brush strokes are covered. The areas that are cut in should not be dry before you start rolling or there will be a double coat of paint at the overlaps that will be visible when the paint dries. As one wall is cut in, follow with the rollers and have the cut in team move to the next wall. Follow this procedure around the room. Important tips to remember: Use a small container to carry paint with you to the wall. Dip your brush only 1" into the paint. Wipe one side of the brush on the edge of the can, before applying paint to wall. Have a damp rag handy for spills and mistakes. 4. Roller Painting Split a full bucket in half into an empty bucket and use the drop in screens for the rollers. Use the yellow buckets to hold the paint for the brushes. Saturate the roller nap, but don t overload Roll on in long, slow, steady strokes Paint in 3 ft. squares, in the shape of a W overlapping Apply thick coat, but not thick enough to run Turn roller near bottom of wall to prevent roller from catching dirt from the floor Paint from corner to corner Stand back and look over the wall for missed spots If paint is almost dry, do not touch up with a roller, this could pull off paint. Wait until paint is dry for touch ups. 5. Painting Trim and Windows Use smaller brush sash or angle brush Tape off windows with masking tape or paint freehand Double hung windows paint outside then reverse and paint inside sash don t close sash completely either way or you will paint window shut. 6

7 CLEANING UP 1. Latex paints Clean rollers by putting them at the edge of the paint container and using a putty knife to scrape the excess paint into its container. Clean up rollers and brushes with soap and water. Seal lids on remaining cans and store extra paint properly. 2. Oil based paints Use paint thinner to remove paint from brushes and rollers Use wire brush to comb paint out of bristles and squeeze out excess thinner Shake out brushes or use spinner to remove paint and thinner Seal paint cans and store properly Dispose of paint thinner properly 3. Left over paint and chemicals should be taken to waste collection sites for disposal. 4. Paints, thinners, and other chemicals may be flammable always check instructions on labels for proper storage in the home 5. Important tips: All painters should help with cleanup. Clean up as soon as possible, if you are breaking for lunch, cover rollers, pans, and brushes with plastic to prevent drying. Wash brushes and rollers in an area away from where others are working or walking. MAINTENANCE, HAZARDS, AND SAFETY 1. Maintenance Keep up finish repaint as necessary (follow same steps) Moisture issues moisture is the biggest enemy of paint, it leads to cracking, peeling, mildew Maintaining interior and exterior paint surfaces protects house and keeps things looking great 2. Hazards and Safety Paints and Chemicals can be toxic and/or flammable Dispose of used paints and chemicals at proper collection sites Do not store paints and cleaners near water heater, etc. due to possible fire hazards Do not keep chemical soaked rags in house where they may become a fire hazard dispose of them properly Lead-based paints, found primarily in older homes, can be dangerous, especially to children Keep all paints and chemicals out of the reach of children Read labels for warnings on how to handle emergencies such as chemicals or paint that may be swallowed or spilled into the eyes Always work in a well ventilated area 7

8 FOLLOW ALONG WORKSHEET Please use the area below to take notes about the major subject headings listed. NEW TOOLS: MOST IMPORTANT TIPS: STEPS FOR A PROPER CLEAN-UP: 8

9 FOLLOW UP WORKSHEET: Matching: 1. Latex Paint 2. Enamel Paint 3. Paint Thinner 4. Polyurethane 5. One Step Stain 6. Wood Stain 7. Exterior Paint 8. Interior Paint a. Paint that can be used indoors but not suitable for outdoors b. Finish that is applied on wood to protect it from moisture and wear c. Paint that can be cleaned up with soap and water d. Paint that can be used outdoors e. Paint that is cleaned up with paint thinner f. Stains and protects wood all in the same can (2-3 coats) g. Used to clean up enamel paint h. Used to change the color and bring out graining in wood Please describe the steps you would take in preparation to repaint a room in your home: Choose one safety precaution particular to this unit that you can implement either on the job site or in your home. In the area below describe why this precaution is necessary to ensure safety. 9

WHAT S ON THE MARKET?

WHAT S ON THE MARKET? Smart Shopping for Home Furnishings Selecting Paint Dr. Leona Hawks Home Furnishings & Housing Specialist 1987 HI 13 Shopping for paint? When shopping for paint, you will find many different kinds. Some