Addition Meaning and Properties

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1 Addition Meaning and Properties Write each missing number (2 4) 5 2 ( 5) (5 3) Use Structure What property of addition is shown in the following number sentence? Explain. 7 (3 5) (7 3) 5 8. Minnie has 6 country CDs and 5 rock CDs. Amanda has 5 rock CDs and 6 country CDs. Who has more CDs? Explain. 9. Show how the Commutative Property of Addition works using the numbers 2, 3, and Critique Reasoning Jake says that adding 0 does not change a sum. Is he correct? Explain. 11. Which property of addition is shown by ? A Associative Property B Distributive Property C Commutative Property D Identity Property P 2 1

2 Subtraction Meanings Write a number sentence for each situation. Solve. 1. Terrance has 14 CDs. Robyn has 9 CDs. How many more CDs does Terrance have than Robyn? How many more black stars are there than white stars??? 3. Arizona has 15 counties. Connecticut has 8 counties. How many more counties does Arizona have than Connecticut? 4. A baseball hat costs $12. Nancy has a coupon for $4 off. How much money will Nancy spend on the baseball hat? 5. Carrie invited 13 girls to a party. Five of the girls have already arrived. How many girls have yet to arrive? Draw a picture to show the problem. 6. Use Structure Write the fact family for 3, 9, and LaToya has 12 postcards and 4 photographs on a bulletin board. How many more postcards does LaToya have than photographs? A 7 B 8 C 9 D 16 P 2 2 3

3 Using Mental Math to Add Use breaking apart to add mentally So, So, So, Make a ten to add mentally So, So, So, Find each sum using mental math Generalize Ashton broke apart a number into What number did he start with? 16. What is the sum of using mental math? A 68 B 69 C 78 D 79 P 2 3

4 Using Mental Math to Subtract Find each difference using mental math Reason Gillian started solving This is what she did ? What should Gillian do next? 14. Communicate Tell how to find using mental math. 15. Tiffany will use a total of 63 tiles for her art project. She only needs 17 more tiles. Use mental math to find how many tiles she has already. 16. To solve 35 19, Jack used What did he do next? A Added 1 C Subtracted 1 B Subtracted 9 D Added 9

5 Rounding 2-5 Round to the nearest ten Round to the nearest hundred Critique Reasoning Tyrell says 753 rounds to 800. Sara says 753 rounds to 750. Who is correct? Explain. 22. Communicate How would you use a number line to round 148 to the nearest ten? Explain. 23. There are 254 counties in Texas. What is that number rounded to the nearest ten? What is that number rounded to the nearest hundred? 24. Reason Which number does not round to 400? A 347 B 369 C 413 D 448 P 2 5

6 Estimating Sums Round to the nearest ten to estimate Round to the nearest hundred to estimate Use compatible numbers to estimate Reasonableness Miguel has 325 baseball cards and 272 football cards. He said that he has 597 cards in all. Is his answer reasonable? Explain using estimation. 14. Write a Problem Natalie has 138 DVDs and 419 CDs. Write a number sentence that you could use to estimate the sum of the DVDs and CDs. Then find your estimated sum. 15. Which of the following shows estimating by using compatible numbers? A B C D P 2 6

7 Estimating Differences Round to the nearest hundred to estimate each difference Round to the nearest ten to estimate each difference Use compatible numbers to estimate each difference Critique Reasoning Fern rounded to the nearest ten to estimate She subtracted and got 410. Is Fern s estimate correct? Explain. 11. On Friday, 537 people attended a play. For Saturday s matinee, there were 812 people. About how many more people attended the play on Saturday than on Friday? 12. A football team scored 529 points one season and then 376 points the next. About how many points less did the team score in the second season? Round to the nearest ten. 13. Waco, TX, has an elevation of 405 feet. Dallas, TX, has an elevation of 463 feet. About how many feet greater is Dallas s elevation than Waco s elevation? A C B D

8 Making Sense of Addition and Subtraction Equations In 1 8, decide if the two sides are equal. If yes, write. If no, write (not equal) In 9 16, find the value for n that makes the equation true n n n 12. n n n n n For 17 and 18, use the given equation to solve the problem. 17. Dina has 5 orchids. Mae has 13 orchids. How many more orchids does Mae have than Dina? 5 n Juan collected 7 fewer stamps than Jenn. Juan collected 24 stamps. How many stamps did Jenn collect? n Model Derrick has 7 marbles. Roger has n marbles. Together they have 14 marbles. Write an equation to model the problem. How many marbles does Roger have? 20. Which value for n makes the equation n 8 45 true? A n 37 C n 41 B n 38 D n 53 P 2 8

9 Problem Solving: Reasonableness Solve. Then check that your answer is reasonable The Aggies scored 59 points in the first half and 56 points in the second half. How many points did the Aggies score altogether? points in all 2. Ms. Rice is driving 92 miles to a meeting. After driving 54 miles, she stops to buy gasoline. How many more miles does she have left? 92 miles in all There are 45 students going on a field trip. Of those students, 27 are from Mrs. Unser s class. The rest are from Mr. King s class. How many students are from Mr. King s class? 45 students in all Estimation In the 2004 Summer Olympics, the United States won 36 gold, 39 silver, and 27 bronze medals. About how many medals did the United States win? medals in all Christine is reading a short story that is 76 pages long. She just finished reading page 47. How many more pages does she have left to read? 76 pages in all Wyoming has 23 counties. Wisconsin has 49 more counties than Wyoming. How many counties does Wisconsin have? A 26 C 72 B 62 D 82 P 2 9 3

10 Mark the best answer. 1. If Serena rounds her number of baseball cards to the nearest ten, she would have 280. How many cards could she have in her collection? (2-5) A 269 B 272 C 284 D There are 16 students in a scout troop. Seven of the students go on a nature hike. Which number sentence shows a way to find out how many students did not go on the hike? (2-2) A 7 16 B 7 16 C 16 7 D A theater has 325 seats. There are 187 people who buy tickets for a show. Which is the best estimate of how many seats are empty? (2-7) A 120 B 140 C 160 D Which number sentence is shown? (2-2) A B C D Test 3. A store stocks 411 boxes of cold cereal and 162 boxes of hot cereal. Which number sentence shows the best way to estimate the total boxes of cereal using compatible numbers? (2-6) A B C D of 3

11 6. A bakery had 75 cupcakes Wednesday morning. By Wednesday afternoon they had sold 37 cupcakes. How many cupcakes had not been sold? Use mental math to solve. (2-4) A 28 B 38 C 48 D Which number sentence can be used to find how many buttons in all? (2-1) A B C D Carla walks up 283 steps to get to the top of the lookout tower. What is 283 rounded to the nearest hundred? (2-5) Zach watched birds at his bird feeder. He counted 18 birds in the morning and 29 birds in the afternoon. To add 18 29, Zach used mental math to break apart the addends. What is the missing number in his number sentence? (2-3) (10 8) (20 ) Find the value for n that will make the following equation true. (2-8) n n Carole read 28 pages of a book on Monday and 103 pages on Tuesday. Is 75 pages a reasonable answer for how many more pages Carole read on Tuesday than on Monday? Explain your answer. (2-9) Yes; The estimated difference is , so 75 is reasonable since it is close to Find the value for n that will make the following equation true. (2-8) 13 n 6 n 7 2 of 3

12 13. To subtract mentally, Bert subtracted first. What should Bert do next to find the difference? (2-4) Bert should add 23 1 to get 24 as the difference. 14. A train going into Houston has 218 passengers. A train going out of Houston has 129 passengers. Give an estimate for the total number of passengers on the two trains. (2-6) About 350 passengers 15. The school store had 451 pencils on the first day of school. On the last day of school, there were 147 pencils left. About how many pencils did the school store sell in all? (2-7) Sample answer: About 300 pencils 16. A farm stand has 22 kinds of vegetables and 11 kinds of fruits. Estimate how many more kinds of vegetables than fruits are at the farm stand. (2-7) 10 more kinds of vegetables 17. Emma spent 17 minutes on making a salad and 45 minutes on making apple pie. Use mental math to find how much more time she spent on making the pie than on making the salad. (2-4) 28 more minutes 18. Round to the nearest hundred to estimate the difference (2-7) Show an example of the Commutative (Order) Property of Addition. Use the numbers 2 and 7. (2-1) Stephen read for 34 minutes on Monday and 45 minutes on Tuesday. Use breaking apart to find how many minutes Stephen read all together. (2-3) and ; and 4 5 9; Stephen read for 79 minutes all together. 3 of 3

13 Mark the best answer. 1. If Serena rounds her number of baseball cards to the nearest ten, she would have 280. How many cards could she have in her collection? (2-5) A 269 B 272 C 284 D There are 16 students in a scout troop. Seven of the students go on a nature hike. Which number sentence shows a way to find out how many students did not go on the hike? (2-2) A 7 16 B 7 16 C 16 7 D A theater has 325 seats. There are 187 people who buy tickets for a show. Which is the best estimate of how many seats are empty? (2-7) A 120 B 140 C 160 D Which number sentence is shown? (2-2) A B C D Test 3. A store stocks 411 boxes of cold cereal and 162 boxes of hot cereal. Which number sentence shows the best way to estimate the total boxes of cereal using compatible numbers? (2-6) A B C D of 3

14 6. A bakery had 75 cupcakes Wednesday morning. By Wednesday afternoon they had sold 37 cupcakes. How many cupcakes had not been sold? Use mental math to solve. (2-4) A 28 B 38 C 48 D Which number sentence can be used to find how many buttons in all? (2-1) 9. Zach watched birds at his bird feeder. He counted 18 birds in the morning and 29 birds in the afternoon. To add 18 29, Zach used mental math to break apart the addends. What is the missing number in his number sentence? (2-3) (10 8) (20 ) Find the value for n that will make the following equation true. (2-8) n A B C D Carole read 28 pages of a book on Monday and 103 pages on Tuesday. Is 75 pages a reasonable answer for how many more pages Carole read on Tuesday than on Monday? Explain your answer. (2-9) 8. Carla walks up 283 steps to get to the top of the lookout tower. What is 283 rounded to the nearest hundred? (2-5) 12. Find the value for n that will make the following equation true. (2-8) 13 n 6 2 of 3

15 13. To subtract mentally, Bert subtracted first. What should Bert do next to find the difference? (2-4) 17. Emma spent 17 minutes on making a salad and 45 minutes on making apple pie. Use mental math to find how much more time she spent on making the pie than on making the salad. (2-4) 14. A train going into Houston has 218 passengers. A train going out of Houston has 129 passengers. Give an estimate for the total number of passengers on the two trains. (2-6) 18. Round to the nearest hundred to estimate the difference (2-7) 19. Show an example of the Commutative (Order) Property of Addition. Use the numbers 2 and 7. (2-1) 15. The school store had 451 pencils on the first day of school. On the last day of school, there were 147 pencils left. About how many pencils did the school store sell in all? (2-7) 20. Stephen read for 34 minutes on Monday and 45 minutes on Tuesday. Use breaking apart to find how many minutes Stephen read all together. (2-3) 16. A farm stand has 22 kinds of vegetables and 11 kinds of fruits. Estimate how many more kinds of vegetables than fruits are at the farm stand. (2-7) 3 of 3

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