Pin Gap Investigations for the 1.85mm Coaxial Connector

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1 Pin Gap Investigations for the 1.85mm Coaxial Connector Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck IFH ETH Zürich Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 1 IFH ETH Zürich

2 Outline Connector Geometry Electromagnetic Simulation Simulation Results Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 2 IFH ETH Zürich

3 Longitudinal Cut Geometry of female part exaggerated Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 3 IFH ETH Zürich

4 Longitudinal Cut Geometry of female part exaggerated Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 4 IFH ETH Zürich

5 Lateral Cut Light Gray=Female Part, Dark Gray=Male Part Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 5 IFH ETH Zürich

6 Contact Width The rubbing mark on the male pin is a result of repeated connections. Contact Width approx. 80µm Male pin with rubbing mark (Photo) Drawing Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 6 IFH ETH Zürich

7 Photo of Female Part Big inner female chamfer Small inner female chamfer Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 7 IFH ETH Zürich

8 Photo of Male Part Small inner male chamfer Big inner male chamfer Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 8 IFH ETH Zürich

9 Pin Gap Details Light Gray=Female Part, Dark Gray=Male Part Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 9 IFH ETH Zürich

10 State of the Art I Connector is sliced into n sections. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 10 IFH ETH Zürich

11 State of the Art I Connector is sliced into n sections. Sections characteristic impedance Z i is computed and sections are cascaded. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 11 IFH ETH Zürich

12 State of the Art I Connector is sliced into n sections. Sections characteristic impedance Z i is computed and sections are cascaded. Neglects transition slotless-slotted. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 12 IFH ETH Zürich

13 State of the Art II Connector is modeled cylindrically symmetric. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 13 IFH ETH Zürich

14 State of the Art II Connector is modeled cylindrically symmetric. FDTD or FEFD methods for S-parameter computation. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 14 IFH ETH Zürich

15 State of the Art II Connector is modeled cylindrically symmetric. FDTD or FEFD methods for S-parameter computation. Neglects slots in female part. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 15 IFH ETH Zürich

16 Methods Finite Element Frequency Domain (Ansoft) Frequency Domain Method. Unstructured mesh. Unsensitive to small pin gaps, can incorporate losses. Meshing requires expert knowledge. Finite Difference Time Domain (CST) Time Domain Method. Structured mesh. Sensitive to small pin gaps, lossy model very inaccurate. Automatic meshing works fine. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 16 IFH ETH Zürich

17 Validation 3 Criteria for Validation Convergence with finer mesh. Plausibility of S-parameters, e.g. bigger chamfers have similar effect as bigger pin gap. FEFD results agree with FDTD results S 11FEFD S 11FDTD < Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 17 IFH ETH Zürich

18 Losses Lossy FDTD simulations are inaccurate due to convolution integral evaluation. Use lossless simulation and introduce losses afterwards. S 11Lossy = S 11 ; S 22Lossy = S 22 S 12Lossy = S 21Lossy = 1 S 11 e γl Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 18 IFH ETH Zürich

19 Parameter Range Parameter Range Full name fo µm Female Outer Chamfer fi µm Female Inner Chamfer pg µm Pin Gap mi µm Male Inner Chamfer mo µm Male Outer Chamfer f GHz Frequency Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 19 IFH ETH Zürich

20 S 11 with small Female Chamfer Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 20 IFH ETH Zürich

21 S 11 with big Female Chamfer Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 21 IFH ETH Zürich

22 Resonant Circuit Currents produce strong magnetic field. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 22 IFH ETH Zürich

23 Resonant Circuit Currents produce strong magnetic field. Strong electric field in gap. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 23 IFH ETH Zürich

24 Resonant Circuit Currents produce strong magnetic field. Strong electric field in gap. Resonant circuit as a result. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 24 IFH ETH Zürich

25 Resonant Circuit Currents produce strong magnetic field. Strong electric field in gap. Resonant circuit as a result. Using approximate formulae: C = 1.9 pf L = 3.3 ph f R = 64 GHz. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 25 IFH ETH Zürich

26 Conclusion Non-cylinder symmetric Connectors are simulated. Simulations are validated by diverse simulation methods and meshing convergence. Drastic effects of very small pin gaps are revealed. Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 26 IFH ETH Zürich

27 COMO70 The Connector Modeling up to 70 GHz (COMO70) partners: Huber+Suhner Agilent Federal Office of Metrology METAS, Switzerland ETH Zürich See as well: tcm70 Johannes Hoffmann, Pascal Leuchtmann, Rüdiger Vahldieck 27 IFH ETH Zürich

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