Sabah 2016 Or How to see 300 species in a month, without a car

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1 Sabah 2016 Or How to see 300 species in a month, without a car Julian Teh & Brandon Hewitt Indigo Flycatcher (Eumyias indigo) at Kinabalu Park Overview Borneo is one of the world s premiere birding destinations. For both Brandon Hewitt and myself, it was to be our first overseas birding adventure. From mudflats and paddyfields on the west coast to the backwaters of the Kinabatangan River and the breathtaking forests of Danum Valley in the east, we birded every day for a month, traveling by foot, bus and taxi. During our visit we recorded 322 species between the two of us, including almost all of the highest- profile target species, such as Bornean Ground- cuckoo and the complete Whitehead s Trio. Itinerary DATE January 26 th 2016 January 27 th 2016 January 28 th 2016 January 29 th 2016 January 30 th 2016 January 31 st 2016 February 1 st 2016 February 2 nd 2016 LOCATION Flight from Sydney to Singapore Flight from Singapore to Kota Kinabalu Kota Kinabalu to Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park

2 February 3 rd 2016 February 4 th 2016 February 5 th 2016 February 6 th 2016 February 7 th 2016 February 8 th 2016 February 9 th 2016 February 10 th 2016 February 11 th 2016 February 12 th 2016 February 13 th 2016 February 14 th 2016 February 15 th 2016 February 16 th 2016 February 17 th 2016 February 18 th 2016 February 19 th 2016 February 20 th 2016 February 21 st 2016 February 22 nd 2016 February 23 rd 2016 February 24 th 2016 February 25 th 2016 February 26 th 2016 February 27 th 2016 February 28 th 2016 February 29 th 2016 Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park to Poring Hot Springs Poring Hot Springs Poring Hot Springs to Sepilok Sepilok Sepilok Sepilok to Kinabatangan River Kinabatangan River Kinabatangan River to Lahad Datu Lahad Datu to Danum Valley Danum Valley Danum Valley Danum Valley Danum Valley Danum Valley Danum Valley Danum Valley to Sepilok Sepilok Sepilok to Lupa Masa Lupa Masa Lupa Masa to Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park Kinabalu Park to Kota Kinabalu Kota Kinabalu (Manukan Island) Kota Kinabalu (Crocker Range) Flight from Kota Kinabalu to Singapore Flight from Singapore to Sydney We decided on the above schedule for a couple of reasons The cheapest flights were flying into and out of Kota Kinabalu, so we knew we would have to start and end the trip in the city. We could have spent all of our time birding our way across to Danum Valley and then caught an overnight bus back to Kota Kinabalu from Lahad Datu, but we elected instead to make our way back slowly over the course of several days, giving ourselves the opportunity to pick up any species we d missed, and take advantage of any change in conditions (such as trees coming into fruit) over the course of the month. Daily Report Note this is the abridged version for cloudbirders.com, to read a more detailed daily account of sites, times, species etc. head on over to and check out the series of Borneo blog posts there. Day 1: 27/01/2016 We arrived in Kota Kinabalu after our long flights from Sydney and immediately set about finding our accommodation, Borneo Backpackers. From here we set out to explore the city and find our first lifers of the trip. We walked to the city waterfront, and to the accompaniment of delicious baked goods from

3 the nearby MultiBake, picked up a dark- morph Eastern Reef- Egret, large numbers of Asian Glossy Starlings and a few Zebra Doves. Thus initiated, we walked back the direction we came and found the stairway leading up to the Signal Hill Lookout. We spent fair chunk of our afternoon here, finding a well- camouflaged and immobile Pink- necked Green Pigeon, a family of Ashy Tailorbirds, a Green Imperial Pigeon, a stunning male Eastern Crimson Sunbird and a much less stunning Grey- streaked Flycatcher. Overhead a pair of White- bellied Sea- eagles circled high on the thermals, and from the lookout we were treated to plenty of White- breasted Woodswallows and Glossy Swiftlets. The remainder of the afternoon and evening was spent exploring the city and organizing transport to Kinabalu Park for the next day. Day 2: 28/01/2016 We caught an early taxi out to Tanjung Aru beach, where we spent most of the morning. We were immediately greeted by a Striated Heron fishing right in the open on the beach, and in the trees above us a couple of Common Iora were foraging. Large numbers of Swiftlets circled above the sand, and after some time we were able to positively identify a few Germain s Swiftlets among the Glossy overload. In the casuarinas by the hawker food area an adult and juvenile Oriental Pied Hornbill were a nice introduction to the family. Oriental Dollarbirds and Pied Imperial Pigeons were much more familiar sights, both already on our life lists from back home in Australia. Our first wader of the morning turned out to be a Common Sandpiper foraging in a frankly gross stormwater puddle. Oriental Pied Hornbill, Tanjung Aru beach Continuing up the beach we came across Collared Kingfishers, Cattle, Little and Intermediate Egrets (sadly no Chinese Egret), White- breasted Woodswallows, Yellow- vented Bulbul, Pink-

4 necked Green Pigeon, Blue- naped Parrot, Pied Fantail, Pied Triller, Crested Myna and Asian Koel. The tide was out as we approached the point near Sutera Harbour, and as we neared a sandbank (full of roosting Great Crested Terns) we flushed a mixed flock of Greater and Lesser Sand- plovers. By this time it was getting extremely hot, so we beat a retreat back to the city, picking up one more lifer, White- breasted Waterhen, in the carpark. We spent an hour and a half at the Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre in the north- east of the city, finding a few new birds in Brown- throated Sunbird, Pacific Golden Plover, Purple Heron, Common Kingfisher, Striated Grassbird and Orange- bellied Flowerpecker. Common Kingfisher, Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre In the afternoon we found a minibus going in the direction of Ranau and made our way to Mount Kinabalu (Kinabalu Park to the locals I got a blank stare when I said Mount Kinabalu to the minibus driver). It took us a little while to locate our accommodation at the Mountain Resthouse, but eventually we were settled in to our basic- but- comfortable room and could begin birding. We started in the grounds of the resthouse, finding our first montane lifers in Temminck s Sunbird, Mountain Tailorbird and Little Pied Flycatcher before walking the 300m up the Kinabalu Park HQ. It was late in the day by this stage, and to be honest we were more absorbed in watching a truly stupendous sunset over the summit of the mountain than birding, but we managed to get onto one last lifer for the day, Bornean Whistling- thrush, right on dusk as we walked out of the park. Day 3: 29/01/2016 We started out from Park HQ at dawn and made our way downhill to the beginning of the Liwagu Trail, picking up a Bornean Forktail foraging in some tyre- ruts on the way. Once on the trail, it didn t take

5 us long to find our first mixed feeding flock which contained Yellow- breasted Warbler, White- throated Fantail, Indigo Flycatcher and Grey- chinned Minivet. A little further along the trail we bumped into a pair of Ochraceous Bulbuls, and got screamed at by a very defensive Chestnut- crested Yuhina. We turned onto the Bundu Tuhan View Trail and found a pair of Bornean Leafbirds feeding in the canopy by the lookout shelter. We exited the trail and made our way back towards Park HQ, finding another mixed feeding flock along the way with Temminck s Sunbird, Mugimaki Flycatcher to add to the day- list. In the undergrowth a couple of Bornean Green Magpies and a party of Chestnut- hooded Laughing- thrushes followed an unfortunate foraging Tree- shrew. Back at Park HQ we picked up Bornean Treepie, Black- capped White- eye and Ashy Drongo before making our way up the Kiau View trail from the entrance just before the park gate. This trail turned out to be a lot longer than we anticipated, and we spent the remainder of the morning and early afternoon wandering along it, adding Golden- naped and Mountain Barbets, Bornean Whistler, Everett s White- eye, Mountain Leaf- warbler, Blyth s Shrike- babbler, Snowy- browed Flycatcher and Grey- throated Babbler. At one point we heard the unmistakable call of a Whitehead s Spiderhunter echoing down from the canopy directly above us, but try as we might we couldn t locate the bird, and after fifteen minutes it was clear the bird had left. We flushed a Grey Wagtail from the road on our way to dinner that evening, and the calls of Mountain Scops- owls floated out of the forest around us, though frustratingly eluded our spotlights. Bornean Green Magpie, Kinabalu Park Temminck s Sunbird, Kinabalu Park Day 4: 30/01/2016 We set out well before dawn and hiked all the way up to Timpohon Gate, sunrise catching up with us just as we arrived at the Kiau Lookout. Brandon stopped to tie his shoe and I walked on ahead, surrounded by Chestnut- hooded Laughing- thrushes and Bornean Treepies, eventually stopping for a look at some skulking Sunda Bush- warblers by the roadside. When Brandon caught up with me, he reported that he d just been looking at a party of FOUR Whitehead s Broadbills (including two juveniles) back at the lookout never split up when you re out birding!!!! I sprinted back down the hill, spent twenty minutes failing to find the Broadbills, then received a message on my phone telling me to get back to where I d left him, as he had some Whitehead s Spiderhunters in view. More sprinting, but this time uphill. I arrived out of breath, but managed to get good looks at four Spiderhunters feeding on a fairly distant flowering tree. We continued on to Timpohon Gate in generally good spirits, although I was gutted to have dipped on the Broadbills, which Brandon was taking every opportunity to grip me with. The top of the road was quite fruitful birding, and we picked up Little Cuckoo- dove and Pale- faced Bulbul for the life list,

6 along with many of the more common mountain species we d seen the day before. On our way back down we were treated to excellent views of Bare- headed Laughing- thrush, feeding alongside a large party of Chestnut- hooded Laughing- thrushes. Day 5: 31/01/2016 We started out early once again to try for the Broadbills, unsuccessfully, although Brandon did get fleeting glimpses of a Mountain Serpent- eagle. On our way back this time, we decided to turn off the road onto the Mempening Trail to get back to Park HQ, which turned out to be an excellent decision as we picked up Sunda Laughing- thrush (making all three Laughing- thrush species in one morning). We finally managed to get on to some Crimson- headed Partridges, whose calls had been taunting us from the undergrowth all morning, and halfway down the trail we chanced upon a pair of Fruithunters making their way through the forest beside the path. All up an excellent morning! After a late lunch we birded the Silau- Silau trail near Park HQ, and the bottom section of the Liwagu Trail, turning up an adorable Bornean Stubtail, Eyebrowed Jungle- flycatcher, Velvet- fronted Nuthatch, and a female White- browed Shortwing. We were making our way out to the road along the Liwagu trail when out of nowhere a mechanical Buzz- twingggggg! Alerted us to a female Whitehead s Broadbill bouncing around in the trees!! Couldn t have been a better end to the day! Whitehead s Broadbill, Kinabalu Park Day 6: 01/02/2016 Yet another pre- dawn hike up to Timpohon Gate saw us dip once again on Everett s Thrush. The Bukit- Ular Trail they often frequent was closed for maintenance, which was a big blow to our hopes of seeing this sought- after species. Nevertheless, the power station next to Timpohon Gate was a worthwhile place to stop for a while, and we spent the early morning watching Bornean Treepie, Chestnut- crested Yuhinas, Glossy Swiftlets, Mugimaki and Indigo Flycatchers hunting around the perimeter fence, and even quickly glimpsed a Whitehead s Broadbill flying through. Now that we d both seen them they turned up wherever we went!

7 We spent pretty much all day making our way down the Liwagu Trail from the entrance just below Timpohon Gate to where it meets the Silau- Silau trail and returns to Park HQ. I managed to glimpse a Red- breasted Hill- partridge right at the top of the trail, although in getting a view I inadvertently blocked Brandon s line of sight, costing him the lifer. He got his revenge by halting our progress for over an hour 400m down the trail to wait for a calling Sunda Cuckoo to show itself. The Liwagu Trail produced a slow but steady trickle of birds throughout the course of the day, including Eyebrowed Thrush, Bornean Whistler, Snowy- browed Flycatcher, Mountain Wren- babbler, Checker- throated Woodpecker and the calls of some passing Whitehead s Spiderhunters. Towards the bottom of the trail, I managed a fleeting glimpse of a rapidly- retreating male Whitehead s Trogon, which no amount of searching managed to relocate. Thankfully though, a little further down the trail, we bumped into a very obliging female, which we could watch to our heart s content. Whitehead s Trogon, Kinabalu Park Indigo Flycatcher, Kinabalu Park Day 7: 02/02/2016 This morning we were too tired to hike all the way up to the gate, so we focused our efforts along the Silau- Silau trail near Park HQ. This turned out to be a good move, as we located four Whitehead s Trogons, one male and three females, sitting quietly right beside the path. As we watched them, the male began to chase the females around and call regularly, perhaps a prelude to mating. Other lifers from this morning include better looks at Bornean Forktail and Ferruginous Flycatcher. In the afternoon we walked down the main KK- Ranau road to a turnoff roughly 1km from the park entrance, on the KK side. This driveway (leading to one of the many hotels scattered around the park entrance) we had heard was as good a site as any to try for Pygmy Ibon, though we failed to find any. That s not to say it wasn t worthwhile though, as we picked up Oriental Magpie Robin, Olive- backed Sunbird, Grey Wagtail, Dusky Munia, Temminck s Sunbird, Bornean Flowerpecker, Black- capped White- eye, Yellow- breasted Warbler, Chestnut- hooded Laughing- thrush, Chestnut- crested Yuhina, Golden- naped Barbet, Blyth s Shrike- babbler, Bornean Spiderhunter and Yellow- bellied Prinia. While we were up there it began to rain, the first rain we d had since arriving in Borneo, which kept up a steady stream for the rest of the afternoon. It did bring out one of the mountain s funkier amphibians though, and just as we were leaving we were able to add Montane Horned Frog to our herp lists!

8 Day 8: 03/02/2016 We spent most of the day high up on the mountain, birding the upper sections of road and around the power station. It was a fairly successful morning with plenty of nice montane species to bid us farewell on our last full day on the mountain around the power station we found Bornean Treepie in abundance, Ashy Drongos foraging from the fences, Bornean Whistling- thrush, Eyebrowed Thrush, and Grey- throated Babblers searching for food around the power station buildings. A small patch of grass on the far side of the station proved productive, with Mugimaki, Asian Brown and Blue- and- white Flycatchers, Chestnut- crested Yuhina, Blyth s Shrike- babbler, Sunda Bush- warbler, Bornean Whistler, White- throated Fantail, Pale- faced Bulbul along with our very first Mountain Blackeye. This would actually be the only one of this species that we would encounter over a total of 10 days on the mountain slopes over the course of our trip. We also had no luck with the Siberian Rubythroat reported to be in the area the day before. Day 9: 04/02/2016 This morning we packed up and left Mount Kinabalu, traveling the 40km or so to Poring Hot Springs. We elected to stay within the hot springs resort itself despite the cost, to allow us access to the submontane forest behind the tourist- attracting sulphur baths early in the morning. Having arrived and unloaded our belongings, we made straight for the beginning of the Langanan Waterfall trail, a very steep ~3km trail which we birded until just before nightfall. Although we didn t record all that many species in our 7.5 hour walk (it s very steep in places, and the temperature and humidity were the highest we found in all of Sabah) many were new to us, as the bird community begins to shift more towards lowland species. Some of the new birds included Scaly- breasted, Black- headed, Hairy- backed, Grey- cheeked and Puff- backed Bulbuls, Little Spiderhunter, Red- throated Sunbird, Buff- necked Woodpecker, Indian Cuckoo and Chestnut- breasted Malkoha. Patches of bamboo along the trail produced White- crowned Shama, Rufous Piculet, Dark- necked Tailorbird and Brown Fulvetta, and in an open patch we picked out a circling Blyth s Hawk- eagle. Just on dark, as we slipped and slid our way back to the hot springs, a party of Ferruginous Babblers appeared, chasing each other through the undergrowth and whistling their distinctive calls. Day 10: 05/02/2016 We started this morning birding around the hot springs, waiting for the canopy tower to open (at a very birder- unfriendly 8am even though the sentries arrived at 7:30, they wouldn t let us go up). Birding the flower- lined walkways brought out some nice birds though, with Grey- headed Babblers, Plain and Ruby- cheeked Sunbird, Lesser Green Leafbird and Red- eyed Bulbul all flying around. After being turned down by the guards at 7:30 we decided to take a quick break for breakfast, and from our comfortable seats at the restaurant we picked up Dusky Munia and Lesser Coucal skulking in the bushes, along with Green Iora and Black- winged Flycatcher- shrikes feeding in a tall tree behind the pool. Finally we were allowed access to the canopy tower, and though there was little movement, the species we did get onto were mostly new and interesting. In two hours up the towers we managed to find Rufous- capped Babbler, Raffle s Malkoha, Crested Serpent- eagle, Spectacled Spiderhunter and Black- and- Yellow Broadbills. At midday we began the arduous, hot, humid hike up to the waterfall, emerging 6.5 hours later with only three new species for our lists: Square- tailed Drongo- cuckoo, Oriental Dwarf- kingfisher and Hill Blue- flycatcher.

9 Day 11: 06/02/2016 We allowed ourselves one more morning on the lower section of the Langanan trail, not getting very far but still picking up a couple more new birds in Dark- throated Oriole, Moustached Babbler, and finally, for me, Bornean Spiderhunter (Brandon ticked this back on Mount Kinabalu, but I only got silhouetted flight- views). The highlight of the morning though came in reptilian form, with a Draco volans (flying dragon) warding off a curious Moustached Babbler with a display of spread wings. We left Poring and spent several hours waiting in Ranau for a bus to stop for us. Eventually one did, and we were told they would happily take us to Sepilok Junction, if we didn t mind sitting on a couple of canisters (inauspiciously marked toilet ) up the back of the coach, nestled in behind the actual seats. We took the deal, and spent the next 3.5 hours bouncing around, staring out the windows at the endless rolling oil- palm plantations. We arrived at Sepilok Junction just after dark, and found a passing local who drove us down the road to the Sepilok B&B, our base for the next few days. Buff- necked Woodpecker, Poring Hot Springs Black- and- Yellow Broadbill, Poring Hot Springs Day 12: 07/02/2016 After a long day of travel yesterday, we started off slowly in the grounds of the Sepilok B&B this morning, revelling in the whole suite of new birds that came with the balmy lowland temperatures. Around the grounds we found a very shy pair of Greater Coucal, regular pairs of Slender- billed Crows flew over, a male Scarlet- backed Flowerpecker foraged in a nearby tree and Javan Mynas fed on the lawn. A fruiting tree near reception yielded a large flock of Pink- necked Green Pigeons and a female Asian Fairy Bluebird, before we were distracted by a very vocal family of Bornean Black Magpies. After a quick breakfast we ventured down the road to the Sepilok Rainforest Discovery Centre, where we spent most of the day. Before we even entered the reserve we d found some good birds, with Copper- throated, Brown- throated and Eastern Crimson Sunbirds foraging in the flowers around the carpark, and a lone Common Sandpiper feeding in the gutter. The canopy towers here are fantastic, better than poring by far, and from there we managed to connect with a bunch of new species such as Banded Kingfisher, Oriental Darter (seen flying over the lake) and Pied Fantail. Before long though we were coaxed out of the towers by the calls of a Black- and- crimson Pitta from the forest floor, which we finally managed brief looks at after a two hour stakeout (during which we also picked up Diard s Trogon).

10 After lunch at the reserve café (during which a party of Grey- headed Bulbuls passed by), we birded along the roads, finding a mixed feeding flock of Yellow- bellied, Streaked and Hairy- backed Bulbuls, and Chestnut- winged Babblers. We made our way to the Hornbill Tower and spent our afternoon avoiding the heat of the forest floor, while watching Scarlet Minivets, Olive- winged Bulbuls, and a variety of passing raptors, including White- bellied Sea- eagle, Oriental Honey buzzard, Brahminy Kite and Wallace s Hawk- eagle. Day 13: 08/02/2016 An early start this morning saw us on the canopy walkway at dawn, with a Large- tailed Nightjar calling in the distance. We spent most of our morning on the walkway, hoping for a glimpse of a Bornean Bristlehead. Although we struck out, it was still a good morning, with Asian Black and Rhinoceros Hornbills putting on a fantastic show for us, a few new bulbuls (Cream- vented and Spectacled) showing up, and finally a good look at Blue- eared Barbet. So far Barbets have been an absolute pain to get good looks at, always backlit very high in the canopy. We made our way to the forest floor in the late morning and spent a little while birding along the Kingfisher Trail, seeing Black- naped Monarch and Chestnut- rumped Babbler before tiredness got the better of me and I stumped off back to the B&B for some sleep. Brandon kept going for a while, and picked up Yellow- eared and Thick- billed Spiderhunters before joining me, just before a massive afternoon thunderstorm that lasted well into the evening. After the rain we had one last crack at birding, and it turned out to be quite successful on the road between the B&B and the discovery centre we came across a juvenile accipiter, and although we never agreed on a positive ID we suspect it was a Japanese Sparrowhawk. A Crested Serpent- eagle kept a wary eye on us from right beside the road as we walked by. Spotted Dove, Yellow- bellied Prinia, Javan Myna, Ashy Tailorbird and Pied Fantail were all easily seen from the road, and the highlight of the evening was a single Blue- throated Bee- eater in the RDC carpark. Day 14: 09/02/2016 Heavy rain this morning thwarted any birding attempts, so we had a bit of a lie- in before packing up our gear and walking down to reception to meet our transport to our next destination: Kinabatangan Jungle Camp, run by the famous Robert Chong. At 10am the driver arrived and we jumped into his van for the drive, through endless palm- oil plantations, to the river. We unloaded our gear and in due course the long wooden boat pulled up at the jetty to ferry us downriver to KJC. Our conversation with the boat- master on the short ride was interrupted by the first birds for our river stay, with Purple Herons flying over at intervals. On arrival at KJC we were greeted by our guide, Romzi. After settling into our (lovely) room at the far end of camp, Romzi gave us our initiation talk, and we disbanded until our afternoon boat trip at 4:00pm. We ate lunch, surrounded by a selection of mammals (families of Bearded Pigs and Long- tailed Macaques drifted in and out of the scrubby forest, and Prevost s Squirrels lounged on branches by the veranda). Sizeable Monitor Lizards patrolled the open patches of sunny ground, and a male Proboscis Monkey dropped by to assess the new arrivals, a sight he clearly found quite arousing. After lunch, Brandon wandered off down a small trail by the camp. I declined the offer to join him, as a combination of midday heat, thongs and a muddy track didn t seem all that appealing to me. I was photographing one of the energetic Tree- skinks working a nearby trunk when one of the KJC staff wandered over and, after a few minutes of chit- chat, casually asked if I d seen the Orang- utan. We

11 hurried down to the jetty and were rewarded with fantastic views of a female ginger ape plucking fruit from the canopy. Brandon materialized from the depths of the forest at just the right time (having seen little), and we spent a happy half hour watching as the Orang came lower and closer until she was sitting, calmly observing us, at eye level about five meters away. Elated, we gathered at 4pm for our first river foray with Romzi. We were soon jetting downriver at speed, Romzi pointing out birds in the riverside vegetation. A pair of Oriental Pied Hornbills were first to appear, Pacific Swallows hawked in large numbers over the dusky waters, with the occasional unidentifiable nest- swiftlet mixed in, and a Jerdon s Baza flew over. A brief stop on the riverbank to investigate some activity landed us a Square- tailed Drongo- cuckoo and a party of Slender- billed Crows. Egrets were ever- present, with Great and Little appearing at every bend in the river. We soon reached the mouth of a tributary and turned up it, stopping briefly to admire the nest of a pair of Black- and- red Broadbills. Bird activity was much higher on this smaller, quieter branch of the river than on the main stretch, and before long the bird list was kicking along with Blue- eared Kingfisher, Green Imperial- pigeon, Blue- throated Bee- eater, and Blue- eared Barbet. A stop by some dense vegetation brought out a Violet Cuckoo, a flock of feeding Pink- necked Green Pigeons, and an impossibly small Blue- crowned Hanging- parrot, which happily stopped its lightning- fast commute through the canopy to perch right in front of us. Raptors started to appear too, with Grey- headed Fish- eagle, Brahminy Kite and Crested Serpent- eagle giving us good flyover views. As the light started to fail, we picked up an Oriental Darter and several Common Sandpipers flying downriver, and managed to call a Banded Woodpecker out to the riverbank for good, if dimly- lit, views. Our Woodpecker stop also happily coincided with finding the nest of a Malaysian Blue- flycatcher. Unfortunately, despite Romzi s best efforts, White- crowned Hornbill had refused to play ball. As it started to get dark, we puttered slowly back in the direction of the main river. Romzi had a quick exchange with the captain in Malay, and he nosed the boat into the bank in a stretch of forest that looked, to us, exactly like any other stretch we d passed through in the last hour. We ll try here for Large Frogmouth, Romzi explained. As the last of the light failed, he pulled out his speaker, cued up the call, and managed to get a whole two bursts out before a dark shape detached itself from the far bank and flew through the gloom to our side of the river. We managed fantastic, walk- away views of the Large Frogmouth, and headed back to camp immensely satisfied, spotlighting Buffy Fish- owl and a few Rufous Night- herons on the way. Day 15: 10/02/2016 Early start on the river, and we drew up at the entrance to the Menanggol tributary just after dawn for our first shot at Bornean Ground- cuckoo. Sadly, despite much callback and slow drifting up the river, none deigned to show themselves. Still, it was a highly successful morning, with Stork- billed Kingfisher, Bathawk, Wallace s Hawk- eagle, Lesser Fish- eagle, Scarlet- backed Flowerpecker, Oriental Dwarf- kingfisher, White- chested Babbler, Hill Myna, Bold- striped Tit- babbler, Black- naped Monarch, Bornean Brown barbet, Long- tailed Parakeet, and for Brandon, a Cinnamon Bittern, along with a bunch of other common species we d seen the day before. Highlights of the morning were finding a pair of White- bellied Woodpeckers nesting, and prolonged views of the miniscule Bornean Falconet hunting insects over the river. We made one last stop on the main river on the way back to camp to admire a dead tree full of Storm s Storks, a fitting end to a great morning s birding.

12 We were given the choice of taking another boat ride in the afternoon to try tracking down some White- crowned Hornbills, or having Romzi take us up to Gomantong Caves. We went with the caves, and after coughing up the entry fee (RM30 per person, and I was informed it would be another RM30 for my camera I left it in the car), spent a happy afternoon chasing birds in the small patch of forest before the caves. One of the first birds we came across was a cracking male Scarlet- rumped Trogon, which would have made for excellent photo opportunities if I d had my camera to hand. A little further up the path, a Grey- chested Jungle- flycatcher hawked quietly from a low branch. A low, rising whistle from the undergrowth alerted us to the presence of a Black- and- Crimson Pitta, and after a brief chase we had this absolute stunner of a bird sitting, completely clear of vegetation, on the boardwalk railings!! Turns out the RM30 to bring my camera would have been worth it. But I had no time to reflect on this, as more calls were echoing from some bushes a few meters down the track. Two minutes later we were being circled by a pair of Hooded Pittas! The caves themselves were impressive natural structures, although I was very glad I d brought my hat to provide a little protection from the rain of urine and guano emanating from the masses of bats and Swiftlets clinging to the walls and ceiling. Without much difficulty we managed to track down all three nest- swiftlets (Black- nest, Mossy- nest and Edible- nest) atop their respective spittle constructions. We spent the last of the evening watching the bats stream from their cave, harried by the local nesting pair of Bathawks. Spotlighting for Brown Wood- owls around KJC was unsuccessful, although I located the local pair of Storm s Storks roosting by the rooms, and a Lesser Mouse- deer. Storm s Storks, Kinabatangan River Lesser Fish- eagle, Kinabatangan River Day 16: 11/02/2016 Our last morning on the Kinabatangan, and we were off at dawn again for a last- ditch shot at the Ground- cuckoos. Sadly, they flat out refused to so much as hoot at us, so we concerned ourselves with other things. The highlights this morning were Striped Wren- babbler at point- blank range, Wrinkled Hornbill, Asian Paradise Flycatcher, a surprise Chestnut- winged Cuckoo, and in the coincidence of the day, all the people in the boat happened to be staring at the exact right spot on the riverbank when a Blue- winged Pitta broke cover, arced across the river and disappeared forever, all in complete silence. We left KJC mid- morning and were deposited on the roadside at Sukau Junction, where thankfully it didn t take too long to flag down a passing bus headed for the coastal town of Lahad Datu. On arrival 1.5 hours later, we made our way straight to the Danum Valley Field Office, which is conveniently

13 located just a few streets from the bus station. We sorted out our transport to Danum after some initial confusion, and made our way into town to find a hotel to stay in. We spent the evening gathering supplies for Danum and generally relaxing after a few hard weeks of birding. Day 17: 12/02/2016 We woke early out of habit, only to discover that not much opens in Lahad Datu before 10am. Our transport to Danum didn t leave until 3pm, so we had some time to kill we made a short attempt at birding, but got lost and ended up in some kind of restricted zone, from which we were quickly escorted by rifle- bearing police officers. Our only new bird of the morning was a Great- billed Heron gliding over the river. We departed for Danum a bit after 3pm, and spent the next three hours bouncing around in a van, the designers of which had clearly viewed seatbelts as a luxury not required by a vehicle of such noble standing. We carried out our induction at the main office, before being dropped off at our home for the next week, the male dorm. We picked out a bed each, and got down to the important business of dinner (since by this stage it was nearly dark, and too late to make any forays into uncharted, elephant- haunted territory). Day 18: 13/02/2016 5am start earlier than needed, as it turned out, and we made our way into the grid in pitch blackness, having to wait half an hour for the sun to rise enough to see. The bird activity certainly wasn t the tidal wave of lifers I had been quietly hoping for, nonetheless the day- list grew satisfyingly with the additions of Rhinoceros and Bushy- crested Hornbills, Hooded Pitta, Orange- backed Woodpecker, Grey- cheeked Bulbul, Fluffy- backed Tit- babbler, Oriental Honey- buzzard, Yellow- rumped and Yellow- breasted Flowerpeckers, Scaly- crowned Babbler and another pair of Bornean Falconets. We exited the grid at around 10:30, flicking off the more persistent leeches, and broke until 2:45 due to the lack of bird activity in the heat of the day. We spent all afternoon exploring the grid, an effort that went singularly unrewarded as we ended up with an impressive list of four species: Slender- billed Crow, Rufous- capped Babbler, Short- tailed Babbler and Rufous- winged Philentoma. The walk back to the dorm brought us one last new bird in Dark- sided Flycatcher. Day 19: 14/02/2016 Another early (but more sensible, at 6am) start on the grid today. Again we walked the thin trails until around 10:30, and again bird numbers were surprisingly low. That said, we did pick up a few lifers in Purple- naped Sunbird, Horsfield s Babbler, Black- capped Babbler and Banded Broadbill finally! An excursion up to the top of the 30m canopy tower to escape the heat of the forest floor brought us a few cool new birds in Grey- streaked Flycatcher, Velvet- fronted Nuthatch, Greater Green Leafbird and Silver- rumped Spinetail. We combined with a group of Dutch birders in the afternoon for a walk out along the main road, and it turned out to be our most productive session in the valley thus far. First on the list was our last remaining sunbird species, Van Hasselt s Sunbird, followed quickly by a procession of excellent birds. Viewing into the canopy by the roadside was made easier by the scope the Dutch birders had brought

14 (thanks for letting us use it, Arjan!) and before long we life- ticked Lesser Cuckoo- shrike, Asian Brown Flycatcher, Pale Blue- flycatcher, Bronzed Drongo, Little Bronze- cuckoo, Large Wood- shrike, Rufous Piculet, Fiery Minivet and Whiskered Treeswift, along with a host of more common species. We had almost made it back to the field centre around dusk when, rounding a corner, we were stopped in our tracks by a party of Bornean Pygmy Elephants browsing in the middle of the road. We hastily made for the roadside canopy tower, and once up it, realised we now had no way of knowing where the elephants were, our view of the road blocked by vegetation. After an hour or so we finally managed to get in contact with the DVCA manager (interrupting his dinner at home) and through him managed to get the field centre to send out a vehicle for us. We took a night drive, but found no birds. Mammals were abundant though, with Red Giant Flying Squirrels, Short- toothed Palm and Malay Banded Civets. Day 20: 15/02/2016 We set off up the Tembaling Waterfall trail at dawn, after hearing stories of success from the Dutch birders we d spent yesterday afternoon with. Hooded Pittas called furtively from the undergrowth, and a party of Great Slaty Woodpeckers showed well, albeit distantly, right in the top of the canopy. We halted a short way up the trail at a spot mentioned by the Dutch to play the calls of Bornean Ground- babbler, and before long had a pair of these awesome birds hopping around right in the open. Not much further on we were stopped dead in our tracks by a distant hoot from the valley to our right unmistakably Bornean Ground- cuckoo!!!! We hastily debated the chances of it being the Dutch birders playing calls from further up the trail, but it seemed pretty clear it was an actual bird. We settled in to wait and play calls, but to no avail I m fairly sure the cuckoo did actually come in and check us out, as right before it stopped responding to our calls I saw a branch start shaking as though a big bird had just dropped off it, but it never showed itself. Disappointed that we hadn t had a view, but buoyed that at least we had a fighting chance, we continued up the trail, stopping for more Black- and- Crimson Pittas, Striped Wren- babblers, and a calling Blue- headed Pitta that refused to respond to callback. In hindsight we should definitely have chased that bird into the forest we never got a view of this species. We reached the top of the hill, where the Dutch birders had their scope trained on a fruiting tree full of distant bulbuls and impossible to identify Barbets, along with a few Yellow- throated Martens running along the branches. No sooner had we arrived than the whistles of a Blue- banded Pitta began to echo up from the gully to our right, and along with the Dutch we went off to chase it. Despite a half hour of carefully choreographed silent pirouetting through the bushes, expressive gestures and general sneakiness, the bird eventually stopped calling. Sadly this was the only Blue- banded we heard during the entire trip, despite returning to the same area later. After making the gruelling descent (and even more awful return trip) to and from the waterfall, we managed to add Rufous Woodpecker and Spotted Fantail for the day. Day 21: 16/02/2016 Brandon was sick most of last night and this morning, a result of taking a swig from a mountain stream next to Tembaling Waterfall. DO NOT drink from streams in Borneo. Or anywhere, really.

15 Unsure whether his condition would require a hasty return to Lahad Datu, I stuck around the dorm all morning, but since he began to improve in the afternoon, I set off down the entrance road on my own around 3:30pm. It was an excellent walk, although I had seen most of the day s list already. The undisputed highlight was stopping to watch a party of Bornean Black Magpies cross the road, glancing up into the canopy, and seeing a group of four Bornean Bristlehead foraging silently at the very top of the tallest tree for miles. They hung around for some time, before departing in a cacophony of cat- like screams and wails. I continued walking until just before dusk, thankfully not encountering any more elephants, and finding a few more lifers in Grey- and- Buff Woodpecker and Brown Shrike. Day 22: 17/02/2016 Thankfully, Brandon was feeling much better this morning and we set off up the waterfall trail well before dawn, intending to be in position where we had heard the Ground- cuckoo at sunrise. We made it just after, puffing and panting, and nestled ourselves into the buttress roots of a large tree to disguise our presence. After the first few attempts at playback we finally had a response, and within an hour, had not one but three Bornean Ground- cuckoos around us, allowing for fairly good views as we peeked out above the roots. They lived up to their notoriously shy nature though, and disappeared within seconds of me trying to get a photograph. Oh well Borneo s best bird in the bag! It was a generally high- quality morning on the trail, with Siberian Blue Robins and Red- naped Trogons putting on a show. At one point we heard the almost Kookaburra- like call of the immense Helmeted Hornbill in the canopy directly above us, but infuriatingly the lower levels of vegetation made actually seeing the birds impossible. There are few things more frustrating than having one of the world s most spectacular birds calling its heart out right above you and not being able to see it! Similarly, another attempt to chase down a calling Blue- headed Pitta ended in failure as, just as we were about to get a look at the bird, a Black- and- Crimson Pitta flew in out of nowhere and scared off its Blue- headed cousin. In the late afternoon we set off down the entrance road again, but I bailed after an hour as it began to rain. I had forgotten to bring my cap out, so rain rendered me effectively blind due to drops accumulating on my glasses every ten seconds. Brandon continued, and was rewarded with, among other things, Bornean Bristlehead and Black Eagle. Red- eyed Bulbul, Danum Valley Yellow- rumped Flowerpecker, Danum Valley Day 23: 18/02/2016 Our last full day in Danum Valley was spent mostly on the waterfall trail, where we picked up a couple more lifers in Rufous- chested Flycatcher, Bornean Blue- flycatcher, and Rufous- tailed Shama,

16 after a frustrating half- hour of chasing its calls which seemed to change location at speeds that were physically impossible. It eventuated that the bird was directly above us, and throwing its voice. Our last lifer in the valley turned out to be a female Cinnamon- rumped Trogon, which gave us several brief views over fifteen minutes or so, near the canopy tower. Day 24: 19/02/2016 A day devoted entirely to travel we left Danum Valley early in the morning and had to wait for several excruciating hours in Lahad Datu for the next Sandakan- bound bus. When we eventually boarded it, we got nearly five minutes down the road before it broke down, eventuating in us spending our evening on the roadside, watching a crowd of locals change a wheel. It was several hours after nightfall when we eventually tumbled out on the familiar patch of roadside next to Sepilok Junction. We d called ahead to the B&B so they sent a car for us, and we collapsed into bed without a single lifer for the day, breaking our one- lifer- per- day streak which we d managed to maintain since landing in Kota Kinabalu so very close to three weeks previously. Day 25: 20/02/2016 We made our way into the Sepilok RDC at dawn, and were soon birding our way up the Kingfisher Trail and up onto the canopy towers. It turned out to be a good morning up on the towers, with Red- bearded Bee- eaters showing well, and a rather boring lifer in Buff- vented Bulbul. Around 9am we left the walkway and made our way down the path to the Broadbill tower, where we encountered a flowing tree bursting with life, ticking off Purple- naped and Van Hasselt s Sunbirds, Spectacled, Yellow- eared and Long- billed Spiderhunters, completing (for me) the entire set of Sunbirds and Spiderhunters. We left the reserve as the heat intensified, and returned later in the afternoon to walk the longest trail in the reserve in the vain hope of catching up with an errant Blue- headed Pitta. Needless to say we were unsuccessful, but we did come across a perched Bathawk, which despite not being a Pitta, couldn t be complained about. Spotlighting in the general Sepilok area proved worthwhile, turning up both Sunda and Reddish Scops- owls after a lot of time spent chasing their calls. Day 26: 21/02/2016 We left Sepilok early in the morning and made our way back to the junction to try and catch a KK- bound bus. It was quite a long wait in the drizzle, but eventually we found a bus that would take us as far as the turnoff to Poring Hot Springs. Here we met a lady who drove us into Poring, where we made our way to a restaurant at the far end of Poring s single street. This was where we would meet the hosts of our next destination, the extremely under- birded Lupa Masa Jungle Camp. We met our two guides, and began the hour- long trek through the forest to the camp. After 20 days of forest hiking, it seemed almost easy (if slippery in spots), and we arrived at Lupa Masa keen to bird. We settled into our charming little hut by the river and began to explore the camp. Brandon vanished into thin air, so I followed a small path along the riverside, and came across a Cinnamon- rumped Trogon perched quietly in the undergrowth. I went to find Brandon so he could get a better look at this species, but he was nowhere to be found I figured he might have gone uphill, so I followed another small track through the undergrowth and eventually came to the conclusion he hadn t been this way. My walk wasn t wasted though, as just as I was about to turn back, an Asian Green Broadbill

17 flew into the bushes right in front of me, gave me the once- over, and disappeared. The only individual of this species either of us would see all trip. I found Brandon back at the hut just before dark, and he was most displeased to hear of my Broadbill sighting. We went out spotlighting with one of the camp guides, and although we failed to find more than a roosting Little Spiderhunter in the bird department, we were well- rewarded for our efforts on the amphibian front, with several cool (though unidentified) frog species putting on a show. Day 27: 22/02/2016 We spent most of this morning unsuccessfully trying to find a way to cross the river in an attempt to get to the trails on the other side. We did find a couple of nice birds including Horsfield s Babbler and Bornean Spiderhunter on the way, but our attention was mostly occupied by the stunning scenery. At lunch we gave up and returned to camp, where we stumbled right into the middle of a mixed feeding flock right at the camp kitchen. Verditer Flycatcher and Plain Flowerpecker were new in the assortment of birds flitting through the area. It was also interesting to notice yet another Cinnamon- rumped Trogon. We had been assured this would be one of the hardest trogons to see, and yet this was the third time we d seen them! Frustratingly though, Orange- breasted Trogon never so much as whistled at us. During the afternoon we finally found a place to wade across the river and found the trail on the far bank without too much difficulty. However birding was very slow, and we ended up with another four- species list for the afternoon, with one lifer in White- bellied Erpornis. Day 28: 23/02/2016 Our last morning in Lupa Masa was spent on the ridgetop trail behind camp, picking up a few final lifers in Bornean Barbet and Crimson- winged Woodpecker. Wandering off on my own, I found a Maroon Woodpecker, but was unable to get Brandon onto it before it flew off. He had his revenge a few minutes later when he got good views of a Maroon- breasted Philentoma. I got the silhouette and the call, but just not enough for the tick. We left Lupa Masa and walked back to Poring, where we found a local who would drive us back to Ranau. From there we connected with a taxi who took us back to the familiar Mountain Resthouse next to Park Headquarters. Walking back up the road into Mount Kinabalu NP felt almost like coming home, some 19 full birding days after leaving. Almost as soon as we arrived we were amidst a mixed feeding flock containing Bar- winged Flycatcher Shrike, Velvet- fronted Nuthatch, Temminck s Sunbird, Grey- chinned Minivet, Mountain Tailorbird, Yellow- breasted Warbler, Chestnut- hooded Laughing- thrush, Little Pied Flycatcher, Mountain Leaf- warbler, Indigo Flycatcher and Black- capped White- eye. We even finally got onto a couple of Temminck s Babblers skulking in the undergrowth beside the road near the Liwagu Restaurant. It felt good to be back on the mountain amongst familiar species. We walked up the Silau Silau trail for a bit, before returning to check out the Pandanus Trail. The Dutch birders we met in Danum had reported seeing Everett s Thrush on the Pandanus trail, right at Park HQ!! We were gutted as we had wasted several mornings traipsing 3km up the mountain to Timpohon Gate to search the roadsides, while apparently the birds had been frolicking about on the paths just 600- odd meters from our beds. We vowed to return for a stakeout in the morning.

18 Day 29: 24/02/2016 My birthday started at 5am, sitting on the chilly ground at the specified point along the Pandanus trail. Everett s Thrush never showed. I m not sure it even exists. We met some banders (ringers if you prefer) along the Pandanus trail, and spent much of the morning with them. It was a quiet morning with just a few Grey- throated Babblers and a Bornean Whistler processed, but we were kept amused by a lively conversation with the banders about the differences between banding in Malaysia and in Australia. That, and the male Whitehead s Trogon that was perched right by where we sat, but stubbornly refused to fly into the net. At lunch we left the banders and decided to split up Brandon wanted to try to track down Pygmy Blue- flycatchers along the main road, and walk down to check out the grounds of the Nikgold Hotel outside the park gates, as we had heard good stories from the banders who were based there. I, on the other hand, was determined to track down the rumoured Whitehead s Broadbill nest, somewhere along the Silau Silau trail. We agreed to meet later in the afternoon, and parted ways. Finding the Broadbill nest was easier than I had expected, thanks to the help of some friendly passing European birders who had seen the birds at the nest the previous day, and were all too happy to show me where it was. I hid myself in the bushes, and sure enough after a bit of waiting, the Whitehead s showed up and proceeded to regurgitate berries to their chicks, unconcerned by my presence. A fantastic experience. Sadly, Brandon failed to find any Pygmy Blue- flycatchers and struck out at Nikgold on top of missing the Broadbills at the nest. Spotlighting after dinner was unsuccessful we pinned down a calling Mountain Scops- owl to the tree it was in, but seeing it was impossible, and eventually it stopped calling. Day 30: 25/02/2016 We left Mount Kinabalu in good spirits, finding a friendly taxi driver who took us all the way back to Kota Kinabalu for the cracking price of just RM25 each (turns out he needed to go back to town anyway, so it worked out for all of us). Once back in town we walked to Jesselton Point harbour to make plans to visit Manukan Island the following morning, and once successful, caught a taxi out to Tanjung Aru beach for the remainder of the afternoon. Plenty of familiar species and no lifers, but a lovely evening walking by the ocean. Much more pleasant now that, after a month, I had adjusted to the heat and humidity! Day 31: 26/02/2016 We departed for Manukan Island (Pulau Manukan) on the first boat, at 8:30am. A late start for birders, but we felt confident in being able to find our targets on the small island. We were right not to worry, as we had all our targets within half an hour of getting off the boat first Rufous- tailed Tailorbird, then Mangrove Whistler singing loudly in plain view. Shortly after, a couple of Tabon Scrubfowl made hasty getaways as we crunched through the leaf litter. Mangrove Blue- flycatcher gave us the run- around for five minutes before eventually sitting on a bare branch right above us. We spent the rest of the morning and early afternoon enjoying the rather beautiful island tough gig, this hardcore birding thing. Just before we caught our boat back to the mainland, a Frigatebird did a quick lap above us before vanishing into thin air we decided on Lesser, but I wasn t comfortable

19 enough with my views to tick it. Brandon did, as he kept his eyes on it while I tried to find the frigates in the field guide. We ended the day with a spotlighting session at a park in the city s eastern suburbs, Taman Tun Fuad Stephens, where we had heard rumours Sunda Frogmouths may be found. No such luck, unfortunately. Day 32: 27/02/2016 We were awake early and waiting by the Borneo Backpackers for Zaim Hazim, a member of the Borneo Bird Club who had very generously agreed to take us birding south of KK for the morning. Our first stop was Penampang Paddyfields, where we spent a very enjoyable morning sifting through flocks of Chestnut, Dusky and Scaly- breasted Munias for some of the introduced Red Avadavats, peering into reed- beds for views of Yellow and Cinnamon Bitterns, Purple Herons, and Little, Great and Cattle Egrets. Waders and waterbirds were also in attendance, with Common and Wood Sandpipers, White- breasted Waterhens, Buff- banded Rails and frustratingly hard to identify Snipe species, which were probably Swinhoe s. As we left we picked up a couple more new birds for the trip in Common Moorhen, Black- winged Kite, Oriental Reed- warbler and Eastern Yellow Wagtail. Next up were the mudflats and beaches of Lok Kawi, where we sorted through the wader population, finding Ruddy Turnstone, Terek Sandpiper, Whimbrel, Grey- tailed Tattler and Common Sandpiper, along with a variety of Plovers, including Greater Sand, Pacific Golden, Grey, Kentish and Malaysian. We also had a lucky flyover by a Peregrine Falcon to top off the morning. As we left Lok Kawi, Zaim surprised us by suggesting we spend the afternoon birding in the Crocker Range. We were quick to take advantage of his generosity and before long we were on our way back up into the hills, arriving shortly after lunch. The Rafflesia Information Centre was pretty quiet due to the time of day, but still turned up some good migrants including Mugimaki and Blue- and- white Flycatchers, and a Grey Wagtail. We walked for a while down the main road, finding a couple of Pygmy Ibon, a high- flying mystery raptor that was probably a Changeable Hawk- eagle, and, finally, a Black- and- Crimson Oriole. Our last birding for the day was done at the Likas sewage ponds in northern KK on our way back into town, where we picked up our last new birds for Sabah Grey Heron, Black- winged Stilt, Common Greenshank, Wandering Whistling- duck, and nestled in a big flock of Whistling- ducks, a single female Tufted Duck. Day 33: 28/02/2016 We left Sabah on our morning flight, and arrived in Singapore, where we decided to do one last bit of birding to round off the trip. We caught a bus from Changi Airport in the direction of Pasir Ris park, but accidentally got off at the wrong stop, so we ended up walking about a kilometre to get there. Worked out well though, as turning down a side- street we came across a flurry of bird activity. Javan Myna, Olive- backed Sunbird, a fantastic glowing Black- naped Oriole, Sooty- headed Bulbul and Brown- throated Sunbird, all backyard birds in Singapore! Pasir Ris park itself brought out the goods right off the bat with a pair of Black Baza and an Oriental White- eye, and over the next few hours we picked up several lifers in Blue- throated Bee- eater, Sunda Pygmy Woodpecker and, for me, House Crow, though disappointingly we dipped on our targets, the resident Spotted Wood- owls. In conversation with some passing photographers, apparently the owls hadn t been seen for a fortnight or so.

20 Our last birds in Singapore were a pair of White- breasted Waterhens as we walked out of the park to catch our flight back to Sydney. Species List (Total: 322 seen, 15 heard- only) Common Name Species Name Location First Seen *= heard only GALLIFORMES: Megapodiidae Tabon Scrubfowl Megapodus cumingii Manukan Island Phasianidae Crested Fireback Lophura ignita Kinabatangan River Great Argus* Argusianus argus Danum Valley Field Centre, Waterfall trail Red- breasted Partridge Arborophila hyperythra Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Crimson- headed Partridge Haematortyx sanguiniceps Mount Kinabalu, Mempening trail Chestnut- necklaced Partridge* Arborophila charltonii Kinabatangan River ANSERIFORMES: Anatidae Wandering Whistling- duck Dendrocygna arcauta Likas sewage works, Kota Kinabalu Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula Likas sewage works, Kota Kinabalu CICONIIFORMES: Ciconiidae Storm s Stork Ciconia stormi Kinabatangan River PELECANIFORMES: Ardeidae Rufous Night- heron Nycticorax caldonicus Kinabatangan River Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis Penampang paddyfields Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus Penampang paddyfields Striated Heron Butorides striata Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Grey Heron Ardea cinerea Likas sewage works, Kota Kinabalu Great- billed Heron Ardea sumatrana Lahad Datu Purple Heron Ardea purpurea Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre Great Egret Ardea alba Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Little Egret Egretta garzetta Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre Pacific Reef- heron Egretta sacra Kota Kinabalu waterfront Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu SULIFORMES: Fregatidae Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel Manukan Island, Kota Kinabalu Anhingidae Oriental Darter Anginha melanogaster Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok ACCIPITRIFORMES: Accipitridae Blyth s Hawk- eagle Nisaetus alboniger Poring Hot Springs Wallace s Hawk- eagle Nisaetus nanus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Jerdon s Baza Aviceda jerdoni Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes Pasir Ris, Singapore Oriental Honey- buzzard Pernis ptilorhunchus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok White- bellied Sea- eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster Signal Hill, Kota Kinabalu Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Lesser Fish- eagle Ichthyophaga humilis Kinabatangan River Grey- headed Fish- eagle Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus Kinabatangan River Black Eagle Ictinaetus malayensis Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Kinabalu Serpent- eagle Spilornis kinabaluensis Mount Kinabalu, near Kiau lookout Crested Serpent- eagle Spilornis cheela Poring Hot Springs Bathawk Macheiramphus alcinus Kinabatangan River

21 Black- winged Kite Elanus caeruleus Penampang Paddyfields FALCONIFORMES: Falconidae Bornean Falconet Microhierax latifrons Kinabatangan River Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu GRUIFORMES: Rallidae Buff- banded Rail Gallirallus philippensis Penampang paddyfields Black- backed Swamphen Porphyrio indicus Likas sewage works, Kota Kinabalu Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus Penampang paddyfields White- breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu CHARADRIIFORMES: Recurvirostridae Black- winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus Likas sewage works, Kota Kinabalu Charadriidae Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Lesser Sand- plover Charadrius mongolus Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Greater Sand- plover Charadrius leschenaultia Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Malaysian Plover Charadrius peronei Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Scolopacidae Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Grey- tailed Tattler Tringa brevipipes Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia Likas sewage works, Kota Kinabalu Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Red- necked Stint Calidris ruficollis Lok Kawi beach, Kota Kinabalu Swinhoe s Snipe Gallinago megala Penampang paddyfields Laridae Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrid Kinabatangan River Great Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu COLUMBIFORMES: Columbidae Rock Dove Columba livia Kota Kinabalu Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis Kota Kinabalu Ruddy Cuckoo- dove Macropygia emiliana Poring Hot Springs Little Cuckoo- dove Macropygia ruficeps Timpohon Gate, Mount Kinabalu Zebra Dove Geopelia striata Kota Kinabalu Pink- necked Green Pigeon Treron vernans Signal Hill, Kota Kinabalu Green Imperial- pigeon Ducula aenea Signal Hill, Kota Kinabalu Grey Imperial- pigeon Ducula pickeringii Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Mountain Imperial- pigeon Ducula badia Timpohon Gate, Mount Kinabalu Pied Imperial- pigeon Ducula bicolor Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu PSITTACIFORMES: Psittacidae Blue- naped Parrot Tanygnathus lucionensis Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Long- tailed Parrot Psittacula longicauda Kinabatangan River Blue- crowned Hanging- parrot Loriculus galgulus Kinabatangan River CUCULIFORMES: Cuculidae Dark Hawk- cuckoo Hierococcyx bocki Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Moustached Hawk- cuckoo* Hierococcyx vagans Kinabatangan River Javan Hawk- cuckoo* Hierococcyx fugax Kinabatangan River Indian Cuckoo Cuculis micropterus Poring Hot Springs Sunda Cuckoo Cuculus Lepidus Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Violet Cuckoo Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus Kinabatangan River

22 Little Bronze- cuckoo Chrysococcyx minutillus Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Plaintive Cuckoo Cacomantis merulinus Kinabatangan Jungle Camp Brush Cuckoo* Cacomantis variolosus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Square- tailed Drongo- cuckoo Surniculus lugubris Poring Hot Springs Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis Sepilok B&B Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis Poring Hot Springs Short- toed Coucal* Centropus rectunguis Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Bornean Ground- cuckoo Carpococcyx radiates Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Chestnut- winged Cuckoo Clamator coromandus Kinabatangan River Asian Koel Eudynamis scolopaceus Prince Phillip Park, Kota Kinabalu Raffle s Malkoha Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus Poring Hot Springs Chestnut- breasted Malkoha Phaenicophaeus curvirostris Poring Hot Springs STRIGIFORMES: Strigidae Buffy Fish- owl Ketupa ketupu Kinabatangan River Brown Wood- owl* Strix leptogrammica Kinabatangan Jungle Camp Reddish Scops- owl Otus rufescens Sepilok Mountain Scops- owl* Otus spilocephalus Mount Kinabalu HQ Sunda Scops- owl Otus bakkamoena Sepilok Collared Owlet* Glaucidium brodiei Mount Kinabalu HQ CAPRIMULGIFORMES: Podargidae Large Frogmouth Batrachostomus auritus Kinabatangan River Large- tailed Nightjar Caprimulga macrurus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok APODIFORMES: Apodidae Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis Kota Kinabalu House Swift Apus nipalensis Kota Kinabalu Waterfall Swift Hydrochous gigas Poring Hot Springs Glossy Swiftlet Collocalia esculenta Kota Kinabalu Mossy- nest Swiftlet Aerodramus salangana Gomantong Caves Black- nest Swiftlet Aerodramus maximus Gomantong Caves Edible- nest Swiftlet Aerodramus fuciphagus Gomantong Caves Germain s Swiftlet Aerodramus germani Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Silver- rumped Spinetail Rhaphidura leucopygialis Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Hemiprocnidae Grey- rumped Treeswift Hemiprocne longipennis Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Whiskered Treeswift Hemiprocne comate Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road TROGONIFORMES: Trogonidae Red- naped Trogon Harpactes kasumba Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Diard s Trogon Harpactes diardii Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Whitehead s Trogon Harpacted whiteheadi Mount Kinabalu, lower Liwagu trail Cinnamon- rumped Trogon Harpactes orrhophaeus Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Scarlet- rumped Trogon Harpactes duvaucelii Gomantong Caves CORACIIFORMES: Alcedinidae Collared Kingfisher Todiramphus chloris Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Ruddy Kingfisher* Halcyon coromanda Kinabatangan River Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre Blue- eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting Kinabatangan River Stork- billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis Kinabatangan River Bornean Banded Kingfisher Lacedo melanops Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Oriental Dwarf- kingfisher Ceyx rufidorsa Poring Hot Springs Meropidae Red- bearded Bee- eater Nyctyornis amictus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Blue- throated Bee- eater Merops viridis Pasir Ris, Singapore Blue- tailed Bee- eater Merops philippinus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Coraciidae

23 Oriental Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis Tanjung Aru Beach, Kota Kinabalu Bucerotidae Oriental Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros albirostris Tanjung Aru Beach, Kota Kinabalu Asian Black Hornbill Anthracoceros malayanus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Rhinoceros Hornbill Buceros rhinoceros Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Helmeted Hornbill* Buceros vigil Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Bushy- crested Hornbill Anorrhinus galeritus Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Wrinkled Hornbill Aceros corrugatus Kinabatangan River Wreathed Hornbill Aceros undulates Road from Kota Kinabalu to Mount Kinabalu PICIFORMES: Megalaimidae Bornean Brown Barbet Calorhamphus fuliginosus Kinabatangan River Gold- whiskered Barbet Megalaima chrusopogon Poring Hot Springs Red- crowned Barbet* Megalaima rafflesia Poring Hot Springs Red- throated Barbet Megalaima mystacophanos Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Mountain Barbet Megalaima monticola Mount Kinabalu, Kiau View trail Yellow- crowned Barbet Megalaima henricii Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Golden- naped Barbet Meglaima pulcherrima Mount Kinabalu, Kiau View Trail Blue- eared Barbet Megalaima australis Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Bornean Barbet Megalaima eximia Lupa Masa Jungle Camp Picidae Maroon Woodpecker Bluthpicus rubiginosus Lupa Masa Jungle Camp Rufous Woodpecker Celeus crachyurus Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail White- bellied Woodpecker Dryocopus javensis Kinabatangan River Banded Woodpecker Picus miniaceus Kinabatangan River Crimson- winged Woodpecker Picus puniceus Lupa Masa Jungle Camp Checker- throated Woodpecker Picus mentalis Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Great Slaty Woodpecker Mulleripicus pulverulentus Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Rufous Piculet Sasia abnormis Poring Hot Springs Buff- rumped Woodpecker Meiglyptes tristes Poring Hot Springs Buff- necked Woodpecker Meiglyptes tukki Poring Hot Springs Sunda Pygmy Woodpecker Dendrocopos moluccensis Pasir Ris, Singapore Grey- and- Buff Woodpecker Hemicurcus concretus Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road PASSERIFORMES: Calyptomenidae Asian Green Broadbill Calyptomena viridis Lupa Masa Jungle Camp Whitehead s Broadbill Calyptomena whiteheadi Mount Kinabalu, Kiau lookout Eurylaimidae Black- and- Red Broadbill Cymbirhynchus macrorhyncos Kinabatangan River Banded Broadbill Eurylaimus javanicus Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Black- and- Yellow Broadbill Eurylaimus ochromalus Poring Hot Springs Pittidae Bornean Banded Pitta* Pitta schwaneri Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Blue- headed Pitta* Pitta baudii Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Blue- banded Pitta* Pitta arquata Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Black- and- Crimson Pitta Pitta ussheri Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Hooded Pitta Pitta sordida Gomantong Caves Blue- winged Pitta Pitta molluccensis Kinabatangan River Aegithinidae Common Iora Aegithina tiphia Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Green Iora Aegithina viridissima Poring Hot Springs Irenidae Greater Green Leafbird Chloropsis sonnerati Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Lesser Green Leafbird Chloropsis cyanopogon Poring Hot Springs Bornean Leafbird Chloropsis kinabaluensis Mount Kinabalu, Bundu Tuhan View trail Asian Fairy Bluebird Irena puella Sepilok B&B Campephagidae Fiery Minivet Pericrocotus igneus Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Grey- chinned Minivet Pericrocotus solaris Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail

24 Scarlet Minivet Pericrocotus speciosus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Sunda Cuckoo- shrike Coracina larvata Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu Trail Lesser Cuckoo- shrike Lalage fimbriata Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Pied Triller Lalage nigra Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Large Wood- shrike Tephrodornis gularis Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Bar- winged Flycatcher- shrike Hemipus picatus Mount Kinabalu HQ Black- winged Flycatcher- shrike Hemipus hirundinaceus Poring Hot Springs Pachycephalidae Bornean Whistler Pachycephala hypoxantha Mount Kinabalu, Kiau View trail Mangrove Whistler Pachycephala cinerea Manukan Island, Kota Kinabalu Sittidae Velvet- fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis Mount Kinabalu, Bundu Tuhan View trail Laniidae Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Long- tailed Shrike Lanius schach Ranau Oriolidae Dark- throated Oriole Oriolus xanthonotus Poring Hot Springs Black- and- Crimson Oriole Oriolus cruentus Rafflesia Information Centre, Crocker Range Black- naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis Pasir Ris, Singapore Dicruidae Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucocephaeus Mount Kinabalu HQ Bronzed Drongo Dicrurus aeneus Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Hair- crested Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus Mount Kinabalu, Kiau View trail Greater Racquet- tailed Drongo Dicrurus paradiseus Poring Hot Springs Corvidae Bornean Black Magpie Platysmurus aterrimus Sepilok B&B House Crow Corvus splendens Pasir Ris, Singapore Slender- billed Crow Corvus enca Sepilok B&B Crested Jay Platylophus galericulatus Poring Hot Springs Bornean Green Magpie Cissa jefferyi Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Bornean Treepie Dendrocitta cinerascens Mount Kinabalu, Kiau View trail Pityrlaseidae Bornean Bristlehead Pityriasis gymnocephela Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Hirundinidae Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Kota Kinabalu Pacific Swallow Hirundo tahitica Kota Kinabalu Artamidae White- breasted Woodswallow Artamus leucorynchus Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Cisticolidae Dark- necked Tailorbird Orthotomus atrogularis Poring Hot Springs Ashy Tailorbird Orthotomus ruficeps Signal Hill, Kota Kinabalu Rufous- tailed Tailorbird Orthotomus sericeus Manukan Island, Kota Kinabalu Mountain Tailorbird Orthotomus cucullatus Mount Kinabalu HQ Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius Pasir Ris, Singapore Yellow- bellied Prinia Prinia flaviventris Mount Kinabalu HQ Pycnonotidae Black- headed Bulbul Pycnonotus atriceps Poring Hot Springs Grey- bellied Bulbul Pycnonotus cyaniventris Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Puff- backed Bulbul Pycnonotus eutilotus Poring Hot Springs Olive- winged Bulbul Pycnonotus plumosus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Yellow- vented Bulbul Pycnonotus goiavier Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Cream- vented Bulbul Pycnonotus simplex Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Red- eyed Bulbul Pycnonotus brunneus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Spectacled Bulbul Pycnonotus erythropthalmos Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Hairy- backed Bulbul Tricholestes criniger Poring Hot Springs Streaked Bulbul Ixos malaccensis Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Yellow- bellied Bulbul Alophoixus phaeocephalus Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Buff- vented Bulbul Lole olivacea Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Ochraceous Bulbul Alophoixus ochraceus Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail

25 Grey- cheeked Bulbul Alophoixus bres Poring Hot Springs Pale- faced Bulbul Pycnonotus flavescens leucops Timpohon Gate, Mount Kinabalu Scaly- breasted Bulbul Pycnonotus squamatus Poring Hot Springs Sooty- headed Bulbul Pycnonotus aurigaster Pasir Ris, Singapore Acrocephalidae Oriental Reed- warbler Acrocephalus orientalis Penampang paddyfields Phylloscopidae Mountain Leaf- warbler Phylloscopus trivirgatus Mount Kinabalu HQ Yellow- breasted Warbler Seicercus montis Mount Kinabalu HQ Yellow- bellied Warbler Abroscopus superciliaris Poring Hot Springs Sunda Bush- warbler Cettia vulcania Timpohon Gate, Mount Kinabalu Bornean Stubtail Urosphena whiteheadi Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Locustellidae Striated Grassbird Megalurus palustris Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre Pellornidae Black- capped Babbler Pellorneum capistratum Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Temminck s Babbler Pellorneum pyrrogenys Mount Kinabalu HQ Short- tailed Babbler Pellorneum malaccense Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Horsfield s Babbler Turdinus sepiarius Danum Valley Field Centre, grid White- chested Babbler Pellorneum rostratum Kinabatangan River Ferruginous Babbler Pellorneum bicolor Poring Hot Springs Moustached Babbler Malacopteron magnirostre Poring Hot Springs Sooty- capped Babbler Malacopteron affine Poring Hot Springs Scaly- crowned Babbler Malacopteron cinereum Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Rufous- crowned Babbler Malacopteron magnum Poring Hot Springs Bornean Wren- babbler Ptilocichla leucogrammica Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Striped Wren- babbler Kenopia striata Kinabatangan River Black- throated Wren- babbler* Napothera atrigularis Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Mountain Wren- babbler Napothera crassa Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Timaliidae Chestnut- winged Babbler Cyanoderma erythropterum Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Rufous- fronted Babbler Cyanoderma rufifrons Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Chestnut- rumped Babbler Stachyris maculata Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Grey- throated Babbler Stachyris nigriceps Mount Kinabalu, Silau Silau trail Grey- headed Babbler Stachyris poliocephala Poring Hot Springs Chestnut- backed Scimitar- babbler Pomatorhinus montanus Poring Hot Springs Bold- striped Tit- babbler Mixornis bornensis Kinabatangan River Fluffy- backed Tit- babbler Macronus ptilosus Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Brown Fulvetta Alcippe brunneicauda Poring Hot Springs White- bellied Erpornis Erpornis zantholeuca Lupa Masa Jungle Camp Chestnut- crested Yuhina Yuhina everetti Mount Kinabalu HQ Blyth s Shrike- babbler Pteruthius aeralatus Mount Kinabalu, Kiau View trail Leiothrichidae Sunda Laughing- thrush Garrulax palliatus Mount Kinabalu, Mempening trail Bare- headed Laughing- thrush Garrulax calvus Mount Kinabalu, Kiau lookout Chestnut- hooded Laughing- thrush Garrulax treacheri Mount Kinabalu HQ Zosteropidae Pygmy Ibon Oculocincta squamifrons Rafflesia Information Centre, Crocker Range Mountain Black- eye Chlococharis emiliae Timpohon Gate, Mount Kinabalu Black- capped White- eye Zosterops atricapilla Mount Kinabalu HQ Everett s White- eye Zosterops everetti Mount Kinabalu, Kiau View trail Oriental White- eye Zosterops palpebrosus Pasir Ris, Singapore Sturnidae Asian Glossy Starling Aplonis panayensis Kota Kinabalu Common Hill Myna Gracula religiosa Kinabatangan River Crested Myna Acridotheres cristatellus Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu Javan Myna Acridotheres javanicus Sepilok B&B Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Pasir Ris, Singapore Turdidae

26 Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus Mount Kinabalu, Liwagu trail Fruithunter Chlamydochaera jefferyi Mount Kinabalu, Mempening trail Bornean Whistling- thrush Myophonus borneensis Mount Kinabalu HQ Siberian Blue Robin Larvivora cyane Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Oriental Magpie- robin Copsychus saularis Mount Kinabalu HQ Rufous- tailed Shama Copsychus purropygus Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail White- crowned Shama Copsychus stricklandii Poring Hot Springs White- crowned Forktail Enicurus leschenaulti Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Bornean Forktail Enicurus borneensis Mount Kinabalu HQ Muscicapidae Grey- chested Jungle- flycatcher Rhinomyias umbratilis Gomantong Caves Rufous- tailed Jungle- flycatcher Rhinomyias ruficauda Poring Hot Springs Eyebrowed Jungle- flycatcher Rhinomyias gularis Mount Kinabalu, Silau Silau trail Dark- sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica Danum Valley Field Centre Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa latriostris Timpohon Gate, Mount Kinabalu Grey- streaked Flycatcher Muscicapa griseistica Danum Valley Field Centre, canopy tower Ferruginous Flycatcher Muscicapa ferrunginea Mount Kinabalu, Silau Silau trail Rufous- chested Flycatcher Ficedula dumetoria Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Little Pied Flycatcher Ficedula westermanni Mount Kinabalu HQ Mugimaki Flycatcher Ficedula mugimaki Mount Kinabalu HQ Snowy- browed Flycatcher Ficedula hyperythra Mount Kinabalu, Silau Silau trail Pale Blue- flycatcher Cyornis unicolour Danum Valley Field Centre, entrance road Hill Blue- flycatcher Cyornis banyumas Poring Hot Springs Malaysian Blue- flycatcher Cyornis turcosus Kinabatangan River Bornean Blue- flycatcher Cyornis superbus Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Mangrove Blue- flycatcher Cyornis rufigastra Manukan Island, Kota Kinabalu Blue- and- white Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana Timpohon Gate, Mount Kinabalu Indigo Flycatcher Eumyias indigo Mount Kinabalu HQ Verditer Flycatcher Eumyias thalassinus Lupa Masa Jungle Camp White- browed Shortwing Brachypteryx montana Mount Kinabalu, lower Liwagu trail Monarchidae Black- naped Monarch Hypthymis azurea Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Asian Paradise- flycatcher Terpisphone paradisi Kinabatangan River Rufous- winged Philentoma Philentoma pyrhoptera Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Maroon- breasted Philentoma Philentoma velata Lupa Masa Jungle Camp Rhipiduridae Spotted Fantail Rhipidura perlata Danum Valley Field Centre, waterfall trail Malaysian Pied Fantail Rhipidura javanica Tanjung Aru beach, Kota Kinabalu White- throated Fantail Rhipdura albicollis Mount Kinabalu HQ Diacaeidae Yellow- breasted Flowerpecker Prionochilus maculatus Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Orange- bellied Flowerpecker Diacaeum trigonostigma Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre Plain Flowerpecker Doacaeum minullum Lupa Masa Jungle Camp Bornean Flowerpecker Diacaeum monticolum Mount Kinabalu, Kiau lookout Scarlet- backed Flowerpecker Diacaeum cruentatum Sepilok B&B Nectariniidae Ruby- cheeked Sunbird Chalcoparia singalensis Poring Hot Springs Plain Sunbird Anthreptes simplex Poring Hot Springs Brown- throated Sunbird Anthreptes malacensis Kota Kinabalu Wetlands Centre Red- throated Sunbird Anthreptes rhodolaemus Poring Hot Springs Van Hasselt s Sunbird Leptocoma brasiliana Danum Valley Field Centre Copper- throated Sunbird Leptocoma calcostetha Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Olive- backed Sunbird Cinnyris jugularis Mountain Resthouse, Mount Kinabalu Temminck s Sunbird Aethopyga temminckii Mountain Resthouse, Mount Kinabalu Eastern Crimson Sunbird Aethopyga siparaja Signal Hill, Kota Kinabalu Purple- naped Sunbird Arachnothera hypogrammicum Danum Valley Field Centre, grid Thick- billed Spiderhunter Arachnothera crassirostris Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Long- billed Spiderhunter Arachnothera robusta Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Little Spiderhunter Arachnothera longirostra Poring Hot Springs

27 Whitehead s Spiderhunter Arachnothera juliae Mount Kinabalu, road up to Timpohon Gate Yellow- eared Spiderhunter Arachnothera chrysogenys Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Spectacled Spiderhunter Arachnothera flavigaster Poring Hot Springs Bornean Spiderhunter Arachnothera everetti Poring Hot Springs Estrildidae Red Avadavat Amandava amandava Penampang paddyfields Dusky Munia Lonchura fuscans Mount Kinabalu HQ Scaly- breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata Lahad Datu White- bellied Munia Lonchura leucogaster Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Chestnut Munia Lonchura atricapilla Rainforest Discovery Centre, Sepilok Motacillidae Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava Penampang paddyfields Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea Mount Kinabalu HQ Passeridae Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus Kota Kinabalu Whitehead s Broadbill at the nest, Kinabalu Park