Our Anglo Saxon Day. Year 4 26th of January 2015

Transcription

1 Our Anglo Saxon Day Year 4 26th of January 2015

2 Our Anglo Saxon Day Edith and Alefroth visited our school to tell us about the Anglo Saxons and how they lived The following slides prepared by the children detail some of the facts we learnt. We also had the opportunity to make flour and bracelets and do other activities

3 Where did the Anglo Saxons come from? Mainly from Jutland comprising North Germany, Denmark and Northern Holland. Most were Angles, Saxons and Jutes. The Saxons were German and Dutch. The Angles were Southern Danish. The Jutes were Northern Danish.

4 Where did the Anglo Saxons come from? The Angles settled mainly in Northumberland and Mercia. The Saxons settled mainly in East Anglia. The Jutes settled mainly in Wessex.

5 Why did the Anglo Saxons come to our country? The Anglo Saxons were good farmers. They were running out of land in Jutland. The Romans built forts to keep them away. When the Romans left we where vulnerable. The Anglo Saxons moved in and filled the gap left by the Romans.

6 Why did the Anglo Saxons come to our The Angles,Saxons and Jutes had their own leaders in this country. If there was a strong leader he would become Bretwalda and rule over all of them. Redwald, who was buried at Sutton Hoo, was a Bretwalda. country?

7 What did the Anglo Saxon women wear? They slept in a simple shift, a type of rough undergarment. They wore woolen or linen dresses. Only the very rich wore silk. They sometimes wore a second over dress.

8 What did the Anglo Saxon women wear? The over dress was just a tube held together by brooches on the shoulder The over dress design was copied from the Romans They generally had their hair in plaits and did not wear any head dress unless they were going outside

9 What did the Anglo Saxon women wear? They wore a belt and carried a seax like the men The seax was carried horizontally They hung their the house keys from their belt They also hung beads from their belts for protection Some wore a snake bead around their neck to ward off evil

10 What did the Anglo-Saxon Men wear? The men wore a type of trouser to cover their legs. They sometimes had winninglas, a type of bandage wrapped around their legs. The winninglas kept them warm and protected them from brambles, mice and rats etc.

11 What did the Anglo-Saxon Men wear? When working outside they wore cloaks and hoods. The men wore Phyrigain hats. The cloaks were fastened at the front by decorated clips

12 What did the Anglo-Saxon Men wear? They also wore a tunic and belt. A knife, known as a seax, was hung from the belt. Lots of people were dressed up in Anglo -Saxon clothes to show us how the Anglo-Saxons would look!!!

13 How did the Anglo Saxons hunt? The Anglo Saxons would hunt in the surrounding forests. They would hunt mostly for wild boar and deer There were not many bows so they tended to use spears.

14 How did the Anglo Saxons hunt? They had to approach their prey silently or it would be frightened away. Only when they were close could the spear be thrown They also fished in the rivers and in the sea

15 What did the Anglo Saxons eat? The Anglo Saxons were able to make fires using flint and steel. Fires and clay ovens were used for cooking. Bread was made daily using ground flour. Eggs were available. Cheese was usually made from goats milk but occasionally cows milk and even sheep s milk. Cheese could be smoked.

16 What did the Anglo Saxons eat? Porridge, made from oats and goats milk was often eaten. Root vegetables, leeks, parsnips, skirrots [carrots] and turnips were grown and eaten. Oysters were brought from the coast in buckets and eaten fresh. River fish were caught, gutted, salted, sometimes smoked and then dried to preserve them. Sea fish were caught and treated in a similar way.

17 What did the Anglo Saxons eat? The preserved fish could be eaten all year. Preserved fish is soaked in warm water before eating Eels were also caught locally and eaten Apples were preserved by packing in straw and available all year Hazel nuts and Cobnuts were collected and stored Acorns were collected and fed to the pigs

18 What did the Anglo Saxons drink? Everyone drank ale because the water was too dirty to drink in the lowlands. The ale was made from barley. The mash from the malted barley was used three times to make ale of different strengths.

19 What Did The Anglo Saxons Drink? Children drank the third brew as it was less strong. Some of the wealthy drank imported wine. Most would drink from horn cups. The very rich might drink from glass which came from the Roman occupation. The cups also might have been made from wood.

20 What eating, drinking and cooking utensils did They generally ate their food from wooden plates and bowls Spoons were made from horn and wood Most would drink from horn cups The very rich might drink from glass which came from the Roman occupation the Anglo Saxons have?

21 What eating, drinking and cooking utensils did the Anglo Saxons have? They used claw beakers, so called because they looked like claws Clay pots were used for cooking

22 How did the Anglo Saxons make and colour Cloth was made from linen or wool woven on a loom. Linen was made from the stem of a plant called flax Wool comes from sheep in light and dark colours The sheep s fleeces were dirty and urine was used to clean them. Carding brushes were then used on the fleece to remove the knots. The fleece was then formed into thread using a drop spindle. their garments?

23 How did the Anglo Saxons make and colour their garments? Only the very rich wore silk which comes from silk worm cocoons Silk would have been imported The Anglo-Saxons liked bright colours so the cloth or thread had to be dyed. Favourite colours were yellow, blue, green, orange and beige. Red was expensive and only used by the very rich.

24 How did the Anglo Saxons make and colour their garments? Plants were used to make the dye. Yellow comes from the stems of the Weld plant which grows on rough soils Blue comes from the stems of the Wode plant Orange comes from the root of the madder plant Green was made from mixing blue and yellow The plant was chopped and soaked in hot water to make the dye To make blue the Wode had to be soaked and heated in male urine as oxygen must not be present in the liquid

25 How did the Anglo-Saxons make bread? The Anglo-Saxons harvested the wheat. They removed the grain (the ears) from the stem. They stored the grain safely where the rats could not get it. They ground the grain into flour using a quirn.

26 How did the Anglo-Saxons make bread? They collected flour and mixed it with ale froth. The dough was then shaped into a ball and put into a hot clay oven to bake. Bread was usually made daily. The flour contained some ground stone which caused wear to their teeth.

27 Edith showed us the tools that we needed. She put wheat into the quirn and then she let us have a go. Edith showed us the flour around the edges of the quirn. We think the quirn is really fun and we wish we could have another ANGLO-SAXONS DAY! How we made flour.

28 What Jewelry did the Anglo Saxons make The Anglo Saxons feared the God of the Underground Wyrmas. They believed that snakes and dragons were bringers of evil Snakes heads were often found on beads, buckles and brooches for protection from Wyrmas. Dragons heads were also found on jewelry. and wear?

29 What Jewelry did the Anglo Saxons make and wear? The ladies wore strings of beads around their necks made from amber and glass and the less well of from clay. They also wore a snake bead around their necks. They also hung beads around their belt for protection. Belt buckles and brooch were generally made from metal Bracelets were made from metal often with snakes heads at each end The less well off wore cow horn bracelets

30 What did the Anglo-Saxons do if they were ill? The Anglo-Saxons believed most illness came from the god Wormas. Wormas brought evil from deep in the ground in the form of Worms, snakes, elves and dragons. They believed that a sharp shooting pain was the result of an elf shooting at you.

31 What did the Anglo-Saxons do if they were ill? It was thought to be dangerous to wander into woods or watery areas. Tolkein stories are based on Anglo-Saxon and Viking beliefs. Bad health came about because something was stolen from you or something got inside you. They believed the god Woden had got a great snake surrounding the world and sent it down in the form of nine plants to help cure them.

32 What did the Anglo-Saxons do if they were ill? Wise women in the village dealt with illness They would take a urine sample from the ill person and look at the colour, smell it and taste it It would be dark if the person was dehydrated or had a temperature They would be kept warm and a type of red collar would be placed around their necks for three days The collar, being red, was valuable and it contained worms, from Wormas, to aid the healing

33 What did the Anglo-Saxons do The wise woman might have a crystal ball which they believed came from the underground and was taken from the elves Cuttlefish bone was also carved and hung up to ward off illness Hag stones or health stones, which were stones found naturally with holes in them, were hung from their belts to drive away badness Jet was also used and also shells, particularly if they looked like eyes if they were ill?

34 What did the Anglo-Saxons do if A sick person might have an arrow laid on their prone body and the healers had chants asking the evil to come out After a long while the arrow, which then contained all the badness, was shot into water and the patient was cured They also had potions made from plants which were always bitter Sage leaves were used and lavendar was used for headaches Broken bones were set by Cumfre or Bone Set which was crushed, made into a paste and put on the swelling The paste would harden and immobilise the break they were ill?

35 What equipment did the Anglo Saxon Warriors have? The main fighting equipment was a shield and war axe. Only leaders and best warriors had swords as these where expensive. A few were equipped with bows and arrows. Some wore helmets to protect them. Some had chain mail head protectors under their helmets and chain mail vests or coats. The chain mail was very heavy.

36 What equipment did the Anglo Saxon Warriors have? Alefroth dressed some of us up as you can see in the pictures What fine warriors we would make

37 What did the Anglo Saxons use bone, antlers and horn for? Horns and antlers were shed every year They were never wasted Horns were used to make sounding horns for warning. Horns were also used for drinking from by fitting wooden bases.

38 What did the Anglo Saxons use bone, antlers and horn for? Horns were also used for jewelry. Antlers were used as needles and tools. Bone was used to make combs and tools.