USTR Possible Negotiations in the World Trade Organization to Expand the Information Technology Agreement, Including Its Product Coverage

Transcription

1 June 13, 2011 Submitted via Mr. Donald W. Eiss Acting Chair Trade Policy Staff Committee Office of the United States Trade Representative th Street, N.W., Suite 1150 Washington, D.C Re: Dear Mr. Eiss: USTR Possible Negotiations in the World Trade Organization to Expand the Information Technology Agreement, Including Its Product Coverage On behalf of the U.S. technology industry, our associations are respectfully submitting these comments in response to the Request for Comments on Possible Negotiations in the World Trade Organization to Expand the Information Technology Agreement, Including Its Product Coverage published on May 6, 2011 in the Federal Register. Our associations represent hundreds of technology companies that drive growth, spur productivity, and provide hundreds of thousands of jobs for American workers. We strongly support launching an ambitious new tariff-reduction initiative to significantly expand product coverage of the Information Technology Agreement (ITA), which we regard as one of the most meaningful and successful trade agreements in the World Trade Organization (WTO). From 1996 to 2008, total ITA product trade has increased more than 10 percent annually, from $1.2 trillion to $4.0 trillion. In the process, the ITA has helped drive innovation, accelerate productivity, increase employment, create more efficient markets, lower consumer prices, and bridge communities across the globe in ways unimagined 15 years ago. Yet while the information and communications technology (ICT) sector has exploded with new and improved products since the ITA came into force, the product scope of the Agreement has never been expanded. Moreover, some ITA members have been trying to chip away at the ITA by attempting to remove products from coverage simply because they have been improved upon with increased functionality essentially penalizing innovation. ITA product expansion would yield immediate and substantial benefits. We have done preliminary estimates and found an expanded ITA could completely remove tariffs on a least an additional $800 billion in ICT trade globally, a 20 percent increase over the $4 trillion now covered annually. In terms of U.S. trade, we estimate greater than an additional $122 billion in total U.S. ICT trade would be affected, driving increased U.S. exports in support of the President Obama s National Export Initiative.

2 Equally important, expansion would go far towards eliminating uncertainty that arises as convergence in the ICT industry continues to advance. With dramatic innovations underway that often bring many technology functions into one product, questions of convergence will only multiply. Significant ITA product expansion would effectively address one of the big next-generation trade issues confronting our industry, which is product convergence. At the same time, we reiterate the critical importance of ensuring that all ITA participants comply with the current ITA Agreement. We strongly support U.S. government efforts to ensure prompt and complete European Union compliance with the recent WTO Dispute Settlement Body rulings, and efforts to expand the ITA should, build on, and not come at the expense of, enforcement of the current Agreement. The original ITA was developed in a strong partnership between the U.S. government and industry. We want to replicate that very important model. While we recognize the negotiations would occur in Geneva, we would also suggest that building political will among our trading partners to expand the ITA could be bolstered through APEC, which the United States is hosting this year. APEC s outspoken support for the ITA at the 1996 Leaders Meeting was instrumental to the Agreement s successful conclusion in the WTO. This year, ITA expansion would complement one of APEC s themes for innovation and ICT usage. The Federal Register Notice asks: (1) Which additional information and communications technology (ICT) products the United States should seek to include and provide duty-free treatment under the ITA, including both products that existed when the ITA was concluded in 1996 but that were not covered under the agreement as well as products that have been developed since then. In response, our associations have developed an extensive list of products we believe should be included in the ITA (see attached product list). While the ITA is intended to have broad coverage, to adhere to the original idea of the ITA, we have only included products that are ICT products or parts and components that are predominantly used in ICT. We would urge the U.S. government to adopt similar parameters both to adhere to the spirit of the ITA and to keep an expansion initiative manageable and focused on a practical, meaningful outcome. The Federal Register Notice also asks: (2) which U.S. trading partners that are significant producers or consumers of ICT products that are not currently participants in the ITA the United States should seek to have join the ITA. There are currently 73 ITA members in the WTO. Given the pervasive use of ICT around the world, the ultimate goal should be to have all 153 members of the WTO join the ITA. We therefore urge the Government of the United States to also place a focus on expanding the geographic scope of the Agreement. And we urge the United States to continue to require membership in the ITA as a condition of accession to the WTO, and for entering into bilateral or regional free trade agreements with the U.S. government.

3 We want to underscore that there is significant and growing global support for expanding the ITA. For your reference, we are attaching a recently released global industry statement supporting ITA expansion signed by over 40 tech industry associations from around the world. We strongly believe expansion of the ITA will give a needed boost to the regular work of the WTO to grow trade around the world. Such an undertaking should be perceived as an important building block that if successfully achieved would lead to even more ambitious initiatives to increase global trade in ICT goods and services. The benefits of this bold undertaking would be significant and sweeping. We are deeply committed to working with the U.S. government to advance such an initiative, which will expand exports, increase jobs, spur innovation, and promote growth both at home and abroad. Sincerely, Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) Entertainment Software Association (ESA) Information Technology Industry Council (ITI) National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International (SEMI) Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) Software & Information Industry Association (SIIA) TechAmerica Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) Attachments: Product Coverage Proposal for Expansion of the WTO s Information Technology Agreement (ITA) Global High-Tech Industry Calls for Ambitious Expansion of Information Technology Agreement (May 16, 2011)

4 June13,2011 EXPANSIONOFTHEINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYAGREEMENT(ITA): PROPOSALFORADDITIONALPRODUCTCOVERAGE THE FOLLOWING REPRESENTS THE VIEWS OF THE ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING IN THIS JOINT PUBLICCOMMENTINRESPONSETOTHEMAY6,2011FEDERALREGISTERNOTICEOFTHEOFFICEOF UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE. THIS IS A CONSOLIDATED LIST SHOWING WHICH ICT PRODUCTS THE UNITED STATES SHOULD SEEK TO INCLUDE AND PROVIDE DUTY FREE TREATMENT UNDERTHEITA.PROPOSEDCOVERAGEISSHOWNBYHSSUBHEADING(USLANGUAGEATDETAILED LEVELS)WHERETHEPRODUCTSAREBELIEVEDTOBECLASSIFIED,WITHANAPPENDIXFORARTICLES PROPOSED TO BE COVERED WHEREVER CLASSIFIED, AND A SEPARATE APPENDIX HIGHLIGHTING SOMERELATEDCLASSIFICATIONCOVERAGEISSUESTHATSHOULDBEADDRESSEDINTHECOURSEOF ANTICIPATEDNEGOTIATIONSAMONGITAMEMBERS.FORQUESTIONSRELATEDTOTHISPROPOSAL, PLEASECONTACTJOHNNEUFFERATJNEUFFER@ITIC.ORG. HS2007 (sub)heading (black printingink),.19(otherprinting ink),.90(otherink) Other info Description Inkofanykindorconcentrationforprinters,photocopiers,fax machinesandmultifunctionmachines(e.g.,multifunction printersanddigitalcopiers) 1,whereverclassified,andforink cartridgesforanyofthesegoods ex Certaindigitalplatesandfilmforphotography,specifically, Photographicplatesandfilmintheflat,sensitized, unexposed,ofanymaterialotherthanpaper,paperboard ortextiles,notx rayfilmandnotinstantprintfilm ex and ex Photomaskblanksor(photoblanks),whicharequartzsubstrates coatedwithphotosensitivematerialsaphotoblankisasynthetic quartzsubstratemadeofhigh purityplatesof100%fusedsilica thathavebeenannealed,polishedandbeveledaccordingto stringentspecificationsestablishedbythesemiconductor industry,whichinturnarecoatedwithathinlayerofchromium andphotoresistandusedinthemanufactureofaphotomask. Thetwoclassificationsdifferbythesizeofthephotoblank. 1 Multifunctionmachines asdefinedintherecentwtodisputesettlementpanelreport, aremachineswhich performtwoormoreofthefunctionsofprinting,copying,orfacsimiletransmission,capableofconnectingtoan automaticdata processingmachineortoanetwork(includingdevicescommerciallyknownasmfps (multifunctionalprinters),other"inputoroutputunits"of"automaticdata processingmachines"(adp),and facsimilemachines). SeeWTO,EuropeanCommunitiesandItsMemberStates TariffTreatmentofCertain InformationTechnologyProducts,ReportsofthePanel,WT/DS375,376,377/Rat (16August2010) 1

5 June13,2011 ex Photomaskscoatedwithphotosensitivematerial ex ,.43,.44 Dryfilmphotoresist(sixdigitcategoriesdifferbywidthoffilm) ex Exposedanddevelopedphotomasksandreticules.Photomasks areanintegralcomponentinthelithographicprocessof semiconductormanufacturing.high purityquartzorglassplates containingprecisionimagesofintegratedcircuits(orchips), photomasksareusedasmastersbychipmakers,andother industries,toopticallytransfertheseimagesonto semiconductorwafers.currentadvancedlithographictools, suchasdeepuvsteppers,projectlightthroughaphotomaskand ahighaperturelens.theintensityofthelightcastsanimageof thedevice'sdesign thepatternonthephotomask ontoa siliconwafercoatedwithalightsensitivematerialcalled photoresist Exposedmotionpicturefilm,includingSoundrecordingson motionpicturefilmsuitableforuseinconnectionwithmotionpictureexhibits;andfeaturefilms ,.90 Sensitizingsolutionandtonerandotherchemicalpreparations forprinters,faxmachines,photocopiersandmultifunction machines, 2 whereverclassified,andforbulktonerandfortoner cartridgesforanyofthesegoods;alsoliquidphotoresistand otherchemicalpreparationsforsemiconductormanufacturing, suchasdeveloper Ex Epoxideresinsfortheprocessofsemiconductormanufacturing, includingmoldcompoundsforsemiconductorencapsulation Ex Spliceprotectorsleevesforopticalfiberfusion Ex ex and ex and ex Documentsoftitle,specificallylicensestousesoftwarein printedform;otherprintedmatter,includingprintedpictures andphotographs:tradeadvertisingmaterial,commercial catalogsandthelike;specificallycodedkeycards,storedvalue cards,andpointofsaleactivation(posa)cardsfordownloads and/oractivationofgamesandsoftwareandotherinternet contentandservicesandtelecommunicationsservices, whereverclassified Ex GraphiteorSiliconcarbidecrucibleforuseinarticlescovered undertheita Ceramicwaresforlaboratory,chemicalorothertechnicaluses ofporcelainorchina,specificallyceramicwaresusedinthe semiconductormanufacturingindustry ex Ceramicwaresforlaboratory,chemicalandothertechnicaluses, specificallyforproductscoveredbytheitaorbythisinitiative, includingbutnotlimitedtoequipmentclassifiedinheading 2 2 Definedsupra,note1.

6 June13, Ex Unworkedglassrodsoffusedquartzorotherfusedsilica(used insemiconductormanufacturingtoprovideopticalelementsfor microlithography) Ex Unworkedglasstubesoffusedquartzorotherfusedsilica(used insemiconductormanufacturingtoprovideopticalelementsfor microlithography) SyntheticQuartzsubstrate;glasssubstratesusedinproduction ofphotomasks.thesearehigh purityplatesof100%fusedsilica thathavebeenannealed,polishedandbeveledaccordingto stringentspecificationsestablishedbythesemiconductor industry.syntheticquartzsubstratesarecriticaltothe manufactureofphotoblanks,whichareinturnusedtomake photomasks.photomasksareusedasmastersby semiconductormanufacturerstoopticallytransferimagesof integratedcircuitsontosemiconductorwafers Signalingglasswareandopticalelementsofglass(other thanthoseofheading7015),notopticallyworked:including Lensblanksofglass(otherthanforspectacles)andotheroptical elements;lens/blanksilicondioxide;andothersilicondioxide /opticalelements Ex Laboratoryglasswareoffusedquartzorotherfusedsilicafor productscoveredbytheitaorbythisinitiative,includingbut notlimitedtoequipmentclassifiedinheading8486,tothe extentnotalreadycoveredbytheita(itacoversonlysuch articlesdesignedforproductionofsemiconductorwafersbut notothersemiconductorprocesses.theitemsalreadycovered byitaareatsubheading ) Ex Otherarticlesoffusedquartzorotherfusedsilicaforproducts coveredbytheitaorbythisinitiative,includingbutnotlimited toequipmentclassifiedinheading8486,totheextentnot alreadycoveredbytheita.(itacoversonlysucharticles designedforproductionofsemiconductorwafersnotother semiconductorprocesses.theitemscurrentlycoveredbyita areclassifiedatsubheading ) ex (intheus, ) Ex7616 ( ) Articlesofironandsteelnspf,specificallyframes,bracketsand otherarticlesofironandsteelforuseinmanufacturing telecommunicationsequipment Frames,bracketsandotherarticlesofaluminumforusein manufacturingtelecommunicationsproductsorfor telecommunicationsapparatus ex Basemetalmountings,fittingsandsimilararticlessuitablefor furniture,specifically,rackmountsforarticlescoveredbythis initiativeandtheitaandbracketsandsimilarfixturesforusein

7 June13,2011 telecommunicationsproducts ex Vacuumpumpsforproductionlinesforsemiconductorsand otheritemscoveredbytheitaorthisinitiative ex and ex DCfansandcoolingfansusedinconjunctionwith microprocessorsoranyotherproductscoveredbytheitaor thisinitiative.somejurisdictionsclassifysuchfansinoneof theseclassificationswhilesomeusetheother.toeliminate conflicts,bothshouldbecovered. ex Partsforcoveredarticlesclassifiedinheading8414.Thisisnota duplicateentry Fans,other,centrifugal(notaduplicateentry) Fans,other,axial(notaduplicateentry) Ex8414 Fantraysandothersub assembliescontainingfansforusein telecommunicationsproductswhereverclassified Airconditioningunitsfordigitalprinters Ex8415 Airconditioningunitsforcoolingtelecommunicationssystems ex Dryersforprintedcircuitboardmanufacturing Ex Heatexchangeunitssuitableforuseinarticlescoveredbythe ITA ex Equipmentforthetreatmentofmaterialsbyaprocessinvolving achangeintemperaturesuchasheating(butnotforcooking), specificallytemperaturetreatmentofrubberorplasticsin printedcircuitboardmanufacture. ex Partsforcoveredarticlesclassifiedinheading8419 ex Rolllaminatorsforaddingprintedcircuitphotoresisttoboards ex Certaincentrifuges,specificallyspinnersforcoatingLiquid CrystalDisplaysubstrates ex Waterpurifyingandfilteringequipmentformanufacturing PCAs 3 orotherproductscoveredbythisinitiativeortheita ex Refrigerantrecoveryandrecyclingequipmentandoilseparation equipment Ex LiquidfiltersforarticlescoveredbytheITA(thisisnota duplicateentry) ex Industrialgasseparators,catalyticconvertersandairpurifiers includinghydrogenpurifiersandalsoincludingairfiltersand purifiersforusewithtelecommunicationssystemsandgas filtersandpurifiersforarticlescoveredbytheita ex Partsforcoveredarticlesclassifiedinheading Conveyorbeltscalesandotherproductionlinescales ex ,.82,.89 Digitalelectronicscales ex Weightsandpartsfordigitalelectronicscales ex Mechanicalequipmentforsprayingliquids,includingspecifically 3 PCArefersto PrintedCircuitAssembly 4

8 June13,2011 equipmentforcleaning/sprayingpcasduringtheproduction process. ex Partsforcoveredarticlesinheading8424 ex ex ex ex MachinesformovingPCAsthroughanassemblyline,including conveyorsandelevators,andforplacingcomponentsonprinted circuitsorsubstrates Industrialrobots ex Partsforcoveredarticlesinheading8428 ex Ex Magneticdiskprocessandtransportcassettesandcarriers (whereverclassified) ex MachinesforlabelingPCAsandotherPhototypesettingand composingmachines ex Partsforcoveredmachinesof Plates,cylindersandotherprintingcomponents Otherprintersincludingtextileprintingmachineryandother machineryusedforprintingbymeansofplates,cylindersand otherprintingcomponentsofheading8442,notelsewhere classified(otherthanoffset,flexographic,letterpressor gravure),includingscreenprintingmachineryforapplying photosensitivematerialtopanelsusedinmakingprintedcircuits orapplyingsolder,flexadhesive,orsealantstoprintedcircuits; alsoincludinglargeorwideformatindustrialprintingmachinery usingdigitalprintingtechnologies IndirectprocesscopiersexcludedfromtheoriginalITA Othercontact typephotocopiermachinesexcludedfromita Thermocopyingapparatus Othercopiers Otherothercopiers.Oneruling.Handheldlabelmaker. ex ,.99 PartsandaccessoriesofarticlesnotnowcoveredbytheITAbut proposedforcoveragehereinhsheading8443 ex Plasmacleanermachinesusedtoremoveorganiccontaminants fromelectronmicroscopyspecimensandspecimenholdersin semiconductorproductionprocess ex8472 OfficemachinesnotcoveredbyITA.NotethatAutomaticTeller MachinesatHS arecoveredbytheITA.Therestof 8472isnotcovered Partsofwordprocessingmachinesinheading8469.TheITA covers8469butomitsthispartscategory,perhapsanoversight. ex ex Partsforofficemachinesin8472notcoveredbyITA,including billnoteacceptors thatareclassifiedaspartsofmachinesin 8472notcoveredbytheITA Machinesformakingopticalfibersandpreformsthereof 5

9 June13,2011 ex Partsformachinesdescribedin ex DVDvendingkiosks ex Blow moldingmachinesandothermachinesorencapsulatingor sealingcomponentsinpcas Vacuum moldingmachinesandotherthermo moldingmachines ex ,.80 OthermoldingmachinesusedinPCAmanufacturing ex Partsforcoveredmoldingmachinesin8477 ex Mixing,kneadingorstirringmachines,specificallymachinesfor mixingetchantsolutionsforpcas industrialrobotsnotelsewherespecifiedorincluded Industrialmachinesfortreatingmetalandwire,includingcoil winders ex Partsforcoveredarticlesinheading8479 ex MoldboxesformetalformsforICTproductorcomponentor assemblymanufacture ex MoldbasesforICTproductorcomponentorassembly manufacture ex MoldingpatternsforICTproductorcomponentorassembly manufacture ex InjectionorcompressionmoldsformetalforICTproductor componentorassemblymanufacture ex OthermoldsformetalforICTproductorcomponentor assemblymanufacture Ex InjectionmoldsusedinmanufacturingitemscoveredbytheITA ex OthermoldsnotelsewhereclassifiedforICTproductor componentorassemblymanufacture Ex ValvessuitableforuseinarticlescoveredbytheITA ex Certainnon returnvalvesusedinictproductorcomponentor assemblymanufactureortesting Ex Pressure reducingvalvesandmanifoldssuitableforusein articlescoveredbytheita ex OthervalvesusedinICTproductorcomponentorassembly manufacturingortestingincludingvalveswithelectrical actuators ex Partsofcoveredvalves ex Gearsandgearboxes,torqueconverters,forICTproductor componentorassemblymanufacturingortestingorforict productsorcomponentsorassemblies ex FlywheelsandpulleysforICTproductorcomponentorassembly manufacturingortesting ex Clutchesandshaftcouplings(includinguniversaljoints)forICT productorcomponentorassemblymanufacturingorforict

10 June13,2011 productssuchasprintersorphotocopiersormultifunction machines 4 ex Partsforcoveredarticlesinheading8483,includingtoothed wheelsforgears Specialnote regardingcoverage ofhs8486 ItissubmittedthattheoriginalITAcoversallofHS8486,soa requestforfurthercoverageisneitherappropriatenor necessary.nevertheless,numerousrequestsforcoverageof thisheadingwerereceivedinthecourseofcompilingthese comments,withindustryparticipantsclaimingthatoneita membercountryoranotherwasdenyingcoveragetoitems classifiedinoneormoreofthesubheadingsofhs8486.the problemishighlightedintheappendixtothislist,showing OtherCoverageIssues. Itisnotedheretohighlightthefact thatmanyindustrymembersdonotbelieveitiscovered becausethathasbeentheirexperience.hs8486waseffective asaresultofthehs2007reviewbythewcoandimplements theoriginalitaattachmentasection2productlistwith consolidatedclassificationheadingsforsemiconductorandflat paneldisplaymanufacturingequipment.itcovers Machines andapparatussolelyorprincipallyforthemanufactureof semiconductorboulesorwafers,semiconductordevices, electronicintegratedcircuitsorflatpaneldisplays;machines andapparatusforthemanufactureorrepairofmasksand reticles,assemblingsemiconductordevicesorelectronic integratedcircuits;andslifting,handling,loadingorunloading ofboules,wafers,semiconductordevices,electronicintegrated circuitsandflatpaneldisplays;partsandaccessories. ex8501 Electricmotorsandgenerators,specificallysolarpanels assembledintomoduleswithdiodesandothersimplecontrol elements,andpowergeneratorstoensureuninterruptedpower fordatacentersintheeventofregularpowerfailure ex8502 Electricgeneratingsetsandconvertersforitemscoveredbythe ITAorthisinitiative ex8503 Partsforcoveredarticlesclassifiedinheading8502 ex Ballastsfordischargelampsortubes,digitallyaddressableand suitableforuseinitcontrolledlightingsystems ;.33 Transformersforthetelecommunicationsindustry ex ex Electricaltransformers,staticconvertersandinductors, specificallypowersupplies,batterypacksandbatterychargers foritaproductsandproductscoveredbythisinitiative, whereverthoseproductsareclassified,totheextentnotalready coveredbytheita(theitacoverspowersuppliesforcurrent ITAproducts.Thiswouldaddpowersuppliesforproducts addedtotheitabythisinitiativeandwouldalsoaddbattery 4 Multifunctionmachines aredefined,supra,note1. 7

11 June13,2011 packsandbatterychargersforallproducts,bothcurrentita itemsandproductsaddedbythisinitiative.) Otherpowersupplies,rectifiers ex Partsforproductstobecoveredinthisinitiative ex8505 Electromagnetsandpermanentmagnets,includingpartsusedin orusedtomakeitaproductsincludingproductscoveredbythis initiative 8506 Primarybatteriesandcellsandpartsthereof,includingprimary batteriesofmanganesedioxide ex8507 Electricstoragebatteriesofalltypesforgoodscoveredbythe ITAandgoodscoveredbythisinitiative,includingdatacenters utilizingbatteriesasbackuppowersources,alsoincluding batterypacksformachinescoveredbytheitaorother machinescoveredbythisinitiativeandincludingpartsof coveredbatteriesbutexcludingvarioustypesofbatteriesused topowerelectricvehicles(andcoveredbyspecificclassifications therefore) ex Resistance heatedfurnacesforpcaorotheritamanufacturing ex MicrowaveovensforPCAorotherITAmanufacturing ex OtherfurnacesandovensforPCAorotherITAmanufacturing ex Inductionheatedlabfurnaces ex Partsforcoveredarticlesinheading Machinesforbrazing/soldering ,.29 Machinesforresistanceweldingofmetals ,.39 Machinesforarcweldingofmetals Ultrasonicandotherweldingmachines ex Partsforcoveredarticlesinheading8515 ex OtherElectricheatingresistors Partsofcovereditemsinheading ex Telephonesforcellularnetworksorforotherwirelessnetworks, totheextentnotcoveredbyita(thetextoftheoriginalita covershsheading8517withoutrestrictions.theseproducts shouldthereforebecoveredbytheitabutapparentlysomeita membercountriesdonotcoverthem) ex Othertelephonesets,includingvideophones,totheextentnot coveredbyita(again,basedontheoriginalitatext,andwco changesinhssince,thiscategoryshouldbecoveredbut apparentlysomejurisdictionsdonotagree) ex Otherapparatusfortransmissionorreceptionofvoice,images orotherdataincludingapparatusforcommunicationinawired orwirelessnetwork,suchasbasestations,totheextentnot coveredbyita(thesameappearstobethecasefor base stations. ) ex Machinesforthereception,conversionandtransmissionor regenerationofvoice,imagesorotherdata,includingswitching androutingapparatus,includingbluetoothheadsets,tothe 8

12 June13,2011 extentnotcoveredbyita(sameargument). ex Machinesforthereception,conversionandtransmissionor regenerationofvoice,imagesorotherdata,includingswitching androutingapparatus,includingforexampleequipmentforthe implementationandmanagementofbroadbanddatanetworks overelectricpowerlines,totheextentnotcoveredbythe ITA.(Sameargumentforbroadbandoverpowerlines.Additional informationwillbesuppliedasitbecomesavailable.notethat theitaalreadycoverspagers,whicharenowclassifiedinthis subheading) ex Partsoftheforegoingitemsclassifiedin8517andnotalready coveredbytheita ex8518 Audioequipmentincludingmicrophones,loudspeakers, headphonesandearphones,audioelectricamplifiers,including parts,totheextentnotcoveredbyita(theitacoverscertain loudspeakerandmicrophonecombinationsputupinsetsforuse withcomputers,aswellascertainmicrophonesand loudspeakersfortelecommunicationsuse). Ex For purposesof illustration for coverage CordedheadsetconnectedtoacomputerviaUSB.Aheadset usingausbconnectionusesdigitalsignalsandprocessesthe signalsusingcodeccapability. Note:someITAmembercountriesclassifyin whichis coveredbycurrentita 8519 Soundrecordingorreproducingequipment,includingMP3 players,turntables,tapeplayers,cdplayers,transcribing machines 8521 Videorecordingorreproducingapparatusofallkinds,whether ornotincorporatingavideotuner,includingvcrs,dvdplayers 8522 Partsandaccessoriesforcoveredarticlesclassifiedinheadings 8519and8521 ex Notefor information toensure coverage under8522 Multi componentintegratedcircuitsincorporatedasapartof electronicsurveillanceequipment ex8523 Discs,tapes,solidstatenon volatilestoragedevices, smart cards andothermediafortherecordingofsoundorofother phenomena,whetherornotrecorded,includingmatricesand mastersfortheproductionofdiscs,butexcludingproductsof chapter37.inshort,allmediafordatastorageandall recordingsonallmedia,includingalltypesofsoftwareevenif notusedbyanidentifiedadpmachine,andalltypesof semiconductormediasuchassmartcardsandrfidtags,tothe extentnotalreadycoveredbyita(itacurrentlycovers unrecordedmediaofallkindsandsoftware,whetherornotwith 9

13 June13,2011 audioand/orvideoelementsforadpmachinesrecordedon mediaandrecordingsofdataforadp) 10 ex8525 Transmissionapparatusforradio broadcastingortelevision, whetherornotincorporatingreceptionapparatusorsound recordingorreproducingapparatus;televisioncameras,digital camerasandvideocamerarecorderstotheextentnotalready coveredbyita.certainarticlesarealreadycoveredbytheita. Seedetailsinthenextthreeentries. ex Listedfor illustration Settopboxeswithoutmodems(ITAcurrentlycoverssettop boxeswithcommunicationsfunctions) Listedfor illustration ex Listedfor illustration Transmissionapparatusincorporatingreceptionapparatus,for examplebluetoothtechnology,totheextentnotcoveredbyita (classificationdiscussionatwcopending) Televisioncameras,digitalcamerasandothervideocamerasand videocamerarecorders,including webcams andcellphone cameramodulestotheextentnotcoveredbytheita(theita coversdigitalstillimagevideocamerasclassifiedhere) 8526 Radar,radionavigationalaidapparatusandradioremotecontrol apparatus,includinggpstechnology 8527 Receptionapparatusforradiobroadcasting,whether ornotcombined,inthesamehousing,withsound recordingorreproducingapparatusoraclock:(e.g.,pocketsized radiocassetteplayersandradiotaperecordercombinations includingcdplayersandclocks;carradiosandcassette/disc combos,otheram/fmradios;otherradio/cdplayer/tape combos;clockradios;otherradioreceivers,includinginfant monitoringsystems) Video(non ADP)monitorswithflatpaneldisplays,whetherLCD, Plasma,LEDorothertechnology,whetherornotincludingvideo recordingorreproducingequipment,regardlessofscreensize; videocameraswithsmallflatpaneldisplays Video(non ADP)projectorsusinganyflatpaneldisplay technology,whetherornotincludingvideorecordingor reproducingequipment,regardlessofscreensize ex ReceptionapparatusforTVnotdesignedtoincorporateavideo displayorscreen,otherthansettopboxeswithcommunications functions,whichmaybeclassifiedhereandarealreadycovered bytheita ex For Settopboxeswithoutmodems

14 June13,2011 illustration ex Televisionreceiverswithscreensorprojectors,usinganyflat paneldisplaytechnology,whetherornotincludingvideo recording/reproducingapparatus,regardlessofscreensize, whetherhdornot,ifnotalreadycoveredbyita ex8529 Partsforcoveredarticlesinheadings8525through8528tothe extentnotalreadycoveredbyita,suchasgpsantennasforcell phones ex For illustration Multi componentintegratedcircuitsincorporatedasapartofa settopbox Ex Indicatorpanelsforsimplecharacterdisplayusedfor maintenancedisplaysintelecommunicationsinfrastructure devices Ex Lightningarrestersusedincellularbasestations Automaticcircuitbreakers ex Powerdistributionunitstocontrolorprotectelectricalcircuits includingspecifically powerstrips and surgeprotectors Ex Switchesforelectriccircuitsnotexceeding11amps,suchas uninterruptiblepowersuppliesforcomputers Connectorsforopticalfiber Otherconnectorsfortelecommunicationsproducts Waferprobingplates,probecards,proberdockinghardware, proberdockingmanipulator,orotheritemsusedtotest semiconductorwafers(theitacovers waferprobers at Therequestcoversadistinctgroupof semiconductorwafertestingdevicesotherthan waferprobers thatmaybeclassifiedinthesame6 digithssubheadingbutare currentlysubjecttoduties) ex8537 Cabinets/enclosuresforcovereditemsdescribedinHS8536 ex8537 Otherindicatorpanelsandcontrolboards and ex Motorcontrolcenters.Theseareindustrialautomationsystems components;i.e.,factoryit.amotorcontrolcenterisan assemblyofoneormoreenclosedsectionshavingacommon powerbusandprincipallycontainingmotorcontrolunits.a motorcontrollerormotorcontrolunitisadeviceorgroupof devicesthatservestogoverninsomepredeterminedmanner theperformanceofanelectricmotor.motorcontrolcenters (thatincludeprogrammablecontrollers)andprogrammable controllersontheirownwhichareindustrialautomaticdata processingmachinescapableof1)storingtheprocessing programorprogramsandatleastthedataimmediately necessaryfortheexecutionoftheprogram;2)beingfreely programmedinaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheuser; 3)performingarithmeticalcomputationsspecifiedbytheuser; ,including.72.62through72.97,butexcluding.72.04through TheexclusionscoverCRTreceivers andblack/whitetvsandpartiallymanufacturedkitsforcrttv s,potentiallysubjecttotraderemedyissues. 11

15 June13,2011 and4)executing,withouthumanintervention,aprocessing programwhichrequiresthemtomodifytheirexecution,by logicaldecisionduringtheprocessingrun.hs covers motorcontrolcentersforavoltagenotexceeding1,000volts. exhs coversmotorcontrolcentersforavoltage exceeding1,000volts. ex Programmablecontrols.Theseareindustrialautomation systemscomponents;i.e.,factoryit.aprogrammablecontroller orprogrammablelogiccontroller(plc)isadigitalcomputerused forautomationofelectromechanicalprocesses,suchascontrol ofmachineryonfactoryassemblylines. ex Panelboardsanddistributionboardsnotover1000voltsforuse intelecommunicationsapparatus ex Programmablepowerstripsandsurgeprotectorsand programmablecontrollersforvoltagenotexceeding1,000volts ex Infraredremotecontrolunitsforproductscoveredbythis initiativeortheitaimportedseparately 6 Ex Panelboardsanddistributionboardsforvoltagenotover1000 volts Partsforcoveredarticlesinheadings8536and8537,specifically printedcircuitassemblies,moldedparts,otherpartsof switchgear,switchboards,panelboardsanddistributionboards andadaptorsfromheading8537coveredhere ex8542 Multichipintegratedcircuits(MCP)consistingoftwoormore interconnectedmonolithicintegratedcircuitscombinedtoall intentsandpurposesindivisibly,whetherornotononeormore insulatingsubstrates,withorwithoutleadframes,butwithno otheractiveorpassivecircuitelements Signalgenerators Machinesforelectroplatingorelectrolysis ex Unspecifiedequipmentdesignedforconnectiontotelephone networksorapparatus 8,includingspecificallycellulartelephone basestationsandpartsthereofwhereverclassified Microwaveamplifiers Electricalmachineswithtranslationordictionaryfunctions (someelectronicbooks/readersandotherdeviceswiththese specificfunctionsmaybeclassifiedhere) Flatpaneldisplaysforarticlesofheading8528otherthanADP articles(i.e.,otherthancomputermonitorsandprojectors) Partsforcoveredmachinesofheading Listedfor PrintedcircuitassembliesforflatpaneldisplayTVs,monitors, 6 InfraredremotecontrolunitsmaybeimportedhereorunderHS ,dependingontheirfeatures. 7 Stakeholderdiscussionsaroundthisdefinitionareongoing.Thedefinitionwillbeupdatedasnecessary. 8 InfraredremotecontrolunitsmaybeimportedhereorunderHS ,dependingontheirfeatures. 12

16 June13,2011 illustration projectorsandreceivers(non ADPitemsnotcurrentlycovered byita) ex8544 Insulatedwire,cable(includingcoaxial)andotherinsulated electricconductors,whetherornotfittedwithconnectors, includingpowercordsforadpandotherdevicescoveredbyita, suchassettopboxes,totheextentnotalreadycoveredbyita andforgoodscoveredbythisinitiative(electricconductorsofa kindusedintelecommunications,ex ;ex ;are alreadycoveredbyitaasareopticalfibercablesat ) Coaxialcableandothercoaxialelectricconductors ex Electricalcablesfittedwithconnectorstotheextentnotalready coveredbytheita(itacovers and.20) Electricalconductor,copper,forvoltage>80and<=to Electrodesusedforelectrolyticpurposes ,.20 Glassorceramicelectricinsulators Insulatedfittingsofotherthanceramicorplasticandquartz partsusedinitaarticlesandinsemiconductormanufacturing ex Multi componentintegratedcircuitsincorporatedaspartthe electronicsusedtocontrolautomobileengines Communicationssatellites Partsofcommunicationssatellites Sheetsandplatesofpolarizingmaterial Otheropticalelements,includinglenses,prisms,mirrorsand halftonescreens,unmounted ex9002 Lenses,prisms,mirrorsandscreens,e.g.,filters,mountedfor projectors,camerasandthelike(foritemscoveredbytheitaor addedbythisinitiative) Lensforwafersteppers;extremelyhighreslensusedforthe projectionofacircuitpatternontoatreatedwafersurface. Usedexclusivelyinsemiconductormanufacturing Opticaltelescopesandscopesforinfraredlight 9008 Slideprojectors,microfilmandmicrofichereaders,photographic enlargers/reducersandotherimageprojectors,includingparts andaccessories Projectionscreens ex Partsandaccessoriesforcoveredarticlesinheading9010, includingwaferstepperpartsandaccessoriesclassifiedat subheading Compoundopticalmicroscopesofallkindsandpartsand accessories,totheextentnotalreadycoveredbytheita(ita coversthiscategorywhenclassifiedinhs8486forsmeandflat panelmanufacturinguses) 9012 Microscopesotherthanopticalmicroscopes(somemicroscopes coveredbyitaandoriginallyclassifiedhereweremovedto heading remainingitemsarenotcoveredbytheita andshouldbecoverednow) 13

17 June13, Lasersotherthanlaserdiodes. varioustypesoflasers(light amplificationbystimulatedemissionofradiation)areutilizedin semiconductormanufacturingequipmentandflatpaneldisplay manufacturingequipmentandrelatedprocesses.forexample, photomaskandwaferinspectionssystemsmayuseasolidstate laserorthreetypesofgas(hene,uv,andargon)laserswhich emitnon ionizingradiationinwavelengthsof632nmhelium Neon(HeNe),488nmArgon,and362nmUltraviolet(UV). Requestcoverstheselasersaswellas193mm(solidstate)and 193mmorandless(solidstate)lasers,whicharealmostallused exclusivelyinthesemiconductormanufacturingandinspection industry. ex Opticalcards,LCDdisplaysforcellphones InformationpanelsandLCDGlass,akaliquidcrystaldevicesnot constitutingarticlesprovidedformorespecificallyinother headings;flatpaneldisplaysotherthanforarticlesofheading 8528exceptsubheadings or Ex Attenuatorfiberopticfortelecommunicationsnetworks. Attenuatorsareaspecifictypeofopticalequipmentfoundon fibernetworks. ex Liquidcrystaldisplaysnotelsewhereclassified,totheextentnot coveredbyita(e.g.,forproductsaddedbythisinitiative) ex Partsandaccessoriesforflatpaneldisplaysclassifiedin9013 andaddedbythisinitiative ex Otheropticalnavigationalinstruments 9016 Balanceswithhighsensitivity,whetherornotelectrical ex9018 Specificmedicalinstrumentsincludingelectrocardiographs, ultrasonicscanners,mriequipmentandpatientmonitoring systems Listedfor illustration Medicalperipheraldevicestoassistmedicalprofessionalsin monitoringpatienthealth(anetbookdevicewithspecific functionality) ex X rayapparatusfornon medicalordentaluses,inparticularfor semiconductortestingandinspection ,.30 X raymachinesformedical,dentalandsurgicalusesandthexraytubesneededtopowerthem Gasorsmokeanalysisapparatus ex Partsandaccessoriesforitemscoveredin Gas,liquidandelectricitymeters,includingpartsandaccessories ex9030 Oscilloscopes,spectrumanalyzersandotherinstrumentsfor measuringorcheckingelectricalquantitiesincludingpartsand accessories(certainitemsat arealreadycoveredbyita) ,.32 Listedfor Multimetersformeasuringvoltage,current,etc. illustration Listedfor illustration Automaticparametrictesters,whichperformelectricaltestson semiconductorwafersforproperfabrication Listedfor Telecommunications/internetnetworkanalyzerstotheextent 14

18 June13, illustration notalreadycoveredbyita(wcoclassificationdiscussion pending;itacoverageindispute) Listedfor illustration Partsforgoodsofheading9030;ITAcovers ,butnotthis partscategory;perhapsanoversight. ex9031 OthermeasuringandcheckinginstrumentsnotcoveredbyITA, suchaselectronmicroscopes,testbenches,profileprojectors, andtestingequipmentforsemiconductormanufacturing equipment,andpossiblynetworkanalyzers(wcodiscussion pending)andpartsandaccessories,whichmaybeclassifiedhere eveniftheymayalsobeclassifiableinotherhtssubheadings,to theextentnotalreadycoveredbytheita Processcontrolmodulesandcompletesystemsusedin , ,and Ex FlowcontrollerssuitableforuseinarticlescoveredbytheITA Voltageregulatorsforusewithtelecommunicationsapparatus Partsofprocesscontrolinstruments,completesystemsusedin and ex Multi componentintegratedcircuitsincorporatedasapartof theelectronicsdeployedinindustrialequipmentofhtschapter Timeswitcheswithclockorwatchmovementorwith synchronousmotor ex Musicsynthesizers VideogamesofakindusedwithTVreceiverandvideogame consoles ex Gamemachinesotherthancoin operatedarcadegamesand partsandaccessoriesincludinggamecontrollers,game cartridges,cases,steeringwheels,etc. WHEREVERCLASSIFIEDAPPENDIX Ex ex and ex and ex Documentsoftitle,specificallylicensestousesoftwarein printedform;otherprintedmatter,includingprintedpictures andphotographs:tradeadvertisingmaterial,commercial catalogsandthelike;specificallycodedkeycards,storedvalue cardsandpointofsaleactivation(posa)cardsfordownloads and/oractivationofgamesandsoftwareandotherinternet contentandservicesandtelecommunicationsservices, whereverclassified(classificationlikelyinthelistedhs subheadings,butthereissomedivergencepossible,sotheitems shouldbecoveredwhereverclassified.theyareemergingas highlyeffectivemethodsforsecuredistributionofsoftware, contentandservices.) ex or DCfansandcoolingfansusedinconjunctionwith 9 WCOplanstoeliminatesubheading intheHS2012andreplaceitwithnewsubheading , video gameconsolesandmachines. TheHS2012subheadingisincludedbyreferenceinthisrequest.

19 June13, ex microprocessorsforanyarticlescoveredbythisinitiativeorthe ITA,whetherclassifiedat (US)or (EU)orin someothersubheading.neithercategoryiscoveredbyita Magneticdiscprocessandtransportcassettesandcarriers (possiblyex ) Ex8486or Lasersandlightsources(includinglasers,laserbased,plasma, andotheramplifiedlightssources)andpatsthereof,solelyor principallyusedinthemanufactureofsemiconductorsandflat paneldisplays.notethatitemsclassifiedin8486shouldalready becoveredbytheita,butnotallcountriesappeartobe implementingthiscommitment. Digitalstillimagecameraswiththeabilitytorecordvideo images(withorwithoutaccompanyingaudioinformation)ofany length,notclassifiedinhs andthusnotcurrently coveredbytheita Multi componentintegratedcircuitsincorporatedasapartofinvehicleinformationandentertainmentsystems Multi componentintegratedcircuitsusedinmedicaldevices Multi componentintegratedcircuits,whicharecombinationsof oneormoremonolithic,hybridormulti chipintegratedcircuits withoneormoreactiveorpassivecomponents.(note:thisis neededtocapturemulti componentic swherevertheyare classified,sincecoverageofmulti componentintegratedcircuits, tobecomprehensive,needstocoveravarietyofclassifications, sincecertaincontrollers,dsps,microprocessors,etc.thatdonot fitthedefinitionof8542wouldneedtobeclassifiedasapartof devicestheicsgointo. 10 e.g.8443 Printers,multifunctionmachines(e.g.,multifunctionprinters anddigitalcopiers)andphotocopiers,regardlessofsizeor formatifnotcoveredbyita,includinglargeorwideformat industrialprintingmachineryusingdigitalprintingtechnologies (i.e.,ifclassifiedoutsideitacategories) 3215,3707,8443 Cartridgesforprinters,faxmachines,photocopiers,or multifunctionmachines,(e.g.,multifunctionprintersanddigital copiers),whetherclassifiedasink(3215),toner(3707)or parts of thearticleinheading8443 Software,regardlessofaudioorvideocontent,wherever classified,andwhetherornotrequiringadefinedadpmachine tooperate;forexample,videogamesoftwareforgameconsoles thatdonotmeetthetestforanadpmachineinnote5(a)of Chapter84oftheHS Plasticopticalfiberbundlesandcablesforuseinconnection withsemiconductormanufacturingequipment,wherever classified(currentusclassificationislikelytobehs ) 10 Stakeholderdiscussionsaroundthisdefinitionareongoing.Thedefinitionwillbeupdatedasnecessary.

20 June13,2011 Software,electronicallydelivered,notsubjecttotheTariff SchedulesoftheimportingWTOmembercountryandtherefore notsubjecttovaluationororigindeclarations Telecommunications/internetnetworkanalyzers All light sources including laser-based light sources for semiconductor manufacturing and flat panel display manufacturing wherever classified. APPENDIXFORRELATEDITACOVERAGEISSUES ThefollowingitemsshouldbecoveredbytheITAatpresentbut maynotbecoveredforoneofthefollowingreasons:(a) disagreementsamongitamembersregardingclassification;(b) particularimplementationofthehs2002or2007changesina waythatdisregardsattachmentb;(c)failuretoimplemenths 2007changesinacountry sitacommitments;thesearenot newproducts forwhichnewconcessionsareinorderfor additionstotheita.theyshouldalreadybecoveredbutforone reasonoranother,maynotbecoveredbyallitaparties Multifunctionmachines,regardlessoftechnologyorformat (wideorlarge)connectedtoadpmachines.shouldalreadybe coveredbyitawithoutrestrictioninanysubheading.anylack ofcoverageisahs2002orhs2007reviewproblemora disagreementamongtheparties Otherprinterunits(singlefunction),regardlessoftechnologyor format(wideorlarge)foradp.shouldalreadybecoveredby ITAwithoutrestrictioninanysubheading.Anylackofcoverage isahs2002orhs2007reviewproblemoradisagreement amongtheparties CopiersalreadycoveredbytheITA.Anylackofcoverageisan HS2002orHS2007problem ,.20,.30.40,.90 SomecountriesarenotimplementingtheHS2007commitments forsemiconductormanufacturingequipmentandflatpanel displaymanufacturingequipment,translatedfromthe classificationsoftheoriginalita;thisseemstobeanissue resultingfromfailuretoimplementchangesintheclassifications to8486fromvariousothercategories.thesecategoriesshould alreadybecoveredbytheita.iftheyarenotbeingtreatedas such,coverageshouldberecognized,butnotasa newitem. TheseclassificationsarethesuccessorstoAttachmentASection 2oftheoriginalITA. 17 ex ex Staticconvertersandotherinductorsincludingpowersupplies andbatterychargersforproductsthatcoveredbytheitabut thatareclassifiedoutside8471or8517asaresultofchangesin HS2002or2007(e.g.,monitors,printers,settopboxes, 11 CoverageproblemsforthisandthepreviouscategorycouldalsoberelatedtotherecentWTOdispute settlementmatter.

21 June13, telecom/networkingequipment)theseitemsarecoveredbyus classificationlanguage,butnotinallitacountries.thisshould bedoneinthecontextofanexistingita2007review.theseare notnewproductsforwhichnewconcessionsareinorder.this isawcoclassificationissue. ex Partsforitemsin /.50thatshouldbecoveredasabove TheITAcoversalltelecommunicationsequipmentclassified anywhereinhsheading8517withoutrestrictionasto subheadings.industryparticipants,however,indicatethatthey arenotreceivingitadutyfreetreatmentinsomesubheadingsin someitamembercountries. Ex CordedheadsetconnectedtoacomputerviaUSB.SomeITA membercountriescoverbyclassifyingthisiteminsubheading ,whichiscoveredbytheITA.Othersdonot.Coverage ofallof8518isrequested END

22 TheComputerSocietyofKenya Global High-Tech Industry Calls for Ambitious Expansion of Information Technology Agreement Updated: May 16, 2011 High-tech industry associations from around the world strongly support advancing an ambitious new tariff-reduction initiative to significantly expand product coverage of the Information Technology Agreement (ITA), which is one of the most meaningful and successful trade agreements in the World Trade Organization (WTO). From 1996 to 2008, total ITA product trade has increased more than 10 percent annually, from $1.2 trillion to $4.0 trillion. In the process, the ITA has helped drive innovation, accelerate productivity, increase employment, lower consumer prices, and bridge communities across the globe in ways unimagined 15 years ago. Yet while the high-tech sector has exploded with new and improved products since the ITA came into force, the product scope of the agreement has never been expanded. The time has come to take the next big step in promoting trade in high-tech products. ITA expansion would yield immediate and substantial benefits, removing tariffs on a vast array of tech products not currently covered by the agreement. In addition, it would go far towards eliminating uncertainty that arises as convergence in the tech industry continues to advance. With

23 dramatic innovations underway that often bring many technology functions into one product, questions of convergence will only multiply. We are deeply committed to working with our governments to move quickly to advance this initiative, which will expand trade, stimulate growth, increase jobs, spur innovation, and promote prosperity around the world. # # # The Association of Thai ICT Industry (ATCI, Thailand) - Camara de Industrias de Costa Rica (CICR, Costa Rica) - Camera & Imaging Products Association (CIPA, Japan) - Communications and Information Network Association of Japan (CIAJ, Japan) - Computer Society of Kenya (Kenya) - Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA, USA) - Consumer Electronics Association (CEA, USA) - Costa Rican-American Chamber of Commerce (AmCham, Costa Rica) - Electro-Federation Canada (Canada) - European-American Business Council (EABC, USA) - Federación Colombiana de la Industria de Software y Tecnologías Informáticas Relacionadas (FEDESOFT, Colombia) - The Federation of Korean Information Industries (FKII, Korea) - Guatemalan Software Commission (SOFEX, Guatemala) - The Hong Kong Electronic Industries Association (HKEIA, Hong Kong) - Hong Kong Information Technology Federation (HKITF, Hong Kong) - ICT Associations of Jordan (int@j, Jordan) - ICT Chamber of Commerce MASIT (MASIT, Macedonia) - IKT-Norge (Norway) - Information Technology Association of Canada (ITAC, Canada) - Information Technology Association of Nigeria (ITAN, Nigeria) - Information Technology Industry Council (ITI, USA) - Intellect (United Kingdom) - IT Association of the Philippines (ITAP, Philippines) - Japan Business Machine and Information System Industries Association (JBMIA, Japan) - Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA, Japan) - Japan Information Technology Services Industry Association (JISA, Japan) - American Malaysian Chamber of Commerce (AmCham Malaysia, Malaysia) - National Association of Manufacturers (NAM, USA) - National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA, USA) - National ICT Association of Malaysia (PIKOM, Malaysia) - Semiconductor Equipment & Materials International (SEMI, USA) - Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA, USA) - Software & Information Industry Association (SIIA, USA) - Taipei Computer Association (TCA, Taiwan) - Taiwan Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association (TEEMA, Taiwan) - TechAmerica (USA) - Technology CEO Council (TCC, USA) - Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA, USA) - United States Council for International Business (USCIB, USA) - United States Information Technology Office (USITO, USA) - World Information Technology and Services Alliance (WITSA, USA) For further information, contact: John Neuffer (jneuffer@itic.org)