STI Policy, Indicators and Industry- Academia Interaction

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1 STI Policy, Indicators and Industry- Academia Interaction Dr. Neeraj Sharma Advisor & Head Technology Development and Transfer and Policy Research Department of Science & Technology

2 MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF DST: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION CAPACITY AND CAPABILITY

3 Overview of STI Indicators - Global Comparison - The Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) in the country has been consistently increasing over the years ~36.20 $ Billions (PPP). 8 th Ranks (2011) GERD/GDP ~ 0.88% during XI Five Year Plan period. FTE R&D professionals ~ 2 lakhs - Ranks 9 th Scientific Publication 1 lakhs Annual research papers- Ranks 6 th Growth rate 13.4% as against the world average of 4.4%. US Patents 2500 Annually- Ranks 10 th (2013) Women participation in extramural R&D projects ~30 %. India is amongst the top five nations (3 rd position) in the world in terms of scientific publications in nanoscience and technology. India is among the top 12 biotech destinations in the world and ranks third in the Asia-Pacific region and currently holding 2% share of the global Biotech industry. Indian Scientists participation in International Collaborative/ Mega Science projects.

4 R&D Expenditure(Rs. Crores) GERD as Percentage of GDP NATIONAL R&D EXPENDITURE AND ITS PERCENTAGE WITH GDP R&D Expenditure R&D as % of GDP * * Year The Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) in the country has been consistently increasing over the years and has doubled from Rs. 24, crores in to Rs. 53, crores in It is estimated to be Rs. 62, crores in and Rs.72, crores in India s R&D/GDP ratio has hovered around 0.88% during XI Five Year Plan period. However, it increased significantly from 0.81% in to 0.87% in

5 Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators - Global Comparison

6 Publications Number India s Trend in Scientific Publications ( ) Rank India s Scientific publications has been on rise during the last decade. As per the Scopus database, research output increased by 174% during India surpassed France in 2013 and is ranked 6 th in the world in scientific publications having a growth rate of 13.4% as against the world average of 4.4% during

7 Challenges in STI Enhancing GERD from current level of 0.9 % of GDP. Investments of the Private sector into R&D (at present ~35%) global benchmarks of 65-80% Increasing Global share of in top 1% by value Lower global share of global R&D outcomes in quality space Increasing Density of FTEs in science in sector (~ 2 Lakh) (Increase by 66% from the current values of FTEs) The size of Full FTE/million population of India is lower than global bench marks. Right sizing FTE density is as crucial as the doubling % GERD/GDP. Commercializing technologies from universities & R&D institutes Designing Innovation system for inclusiveness & competitiveness New PPP approaches for R&D in India Technology Transfer Industry Academia Connect How to position India in global R&D space?

8 Patent Filing of Asian Countries (WIPO Report 2016) Number of Patent Applications by Office of the Country Singapore Japan S. Korea China India Total 10,814 3,18,721 2,13,694 3,59,316 45,658 Residents 1,469 (13.58%) 58,839 (81.21%) 1,64,073 (78.28%) 2,63,436 (73.32%) 12,040 (27.55%) Nonresidents 9,345 (86.42%) 59,882 (18.79%) 46,419 (21.72%) 1,27,042 (35.36%) 33,079 (72.44%) * Out of 100 economies, **out of 80 economies Source World Intellectual Property Indicators Published by World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) ( WIPO does not consider Taiwan as an Individual country. it is considered as province of China, so data is not available for Taiwan.

9 No. of Patents Granted Under Major Fields of Inventions ( ) Source: Annual Reports of Controller General of Patents, Designs, Trademarks and GIs

10 S &T Indicators of First Generation IITs IP Attributes Patents ( ) Filed Granted IIT Kharagpur IIT Bombay 569 >61 IIT Madras IIT Kanpur IIT Delhi Technology available Technologies Licensed (till date) Revenue generated from tech. transfers (Crores ; upto 2015) 24 > Start-ups (till date) 104 > Industrial Collaborations (MoUs; ) Revenue generated Consultancies (Crores ; ) ~ ( ) ( )

11 ICT, Mumbai.deemed to be university Patents: ~310 (last 10 years) Publications: ~4720 Entrepreneurs Generated: >500 Ind. Consultancy:~269 Ind. Sponsored Projects: ~318 Three Centres of Excellence (R&D) 80% of ICT faculty involved with industry

12 REASONS FOR THE SUCCESS IN PATENTING AND TECH TRANSFER Industry-Academia Cell IPR Cell Tech-Transfer Cell I-A Collaborative Centres of Excellence (CoE) Involvement of industry in Teaching, Course designing and Advisory committee Industry sponsored Scholarships/Fellowships Set up of laboratories by industries Industry Specific programmes by IITs Strong Alumni base Scientist s involvement with industry is promoted.

13 THE SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICY

14 The Journey of the Science Policies Scientific Policy Resolution resolved in 1958 resolved to foster, promote, sustain the cultivation of science and scientific research Technology Policy Statement 1983 referenced the need for India attaining technological self reliance Science and Technology Policy 2003 stressed the need for scaling investments into R&D Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2013 aims to bear fresh perspectives on innovation in the Indian context

15 Contextual Referencing of STI Policy Science, Research and Innovation System for High Technology-led for path for India Increasing Gross Expenditure on R&D for increasing outputs Articulation of principle SPR 1958 Attaining goals TPS 1983 Ambition for science STP 2003 Focus on technological self reliance Laying a Foundation for science and Scientific temper Aspiration for Nation STIP 2013

16 Emerging Space for Science, Technology and Innovation in the new global economy Competition driven Innovation Leadership in usable knowledge Creation of jobs Market driven Knowledge Seekers Creation of knowledge National prosperity Scholarship driven Gainful and useful knowledge Technology Creation of value Science Advanced knowledge

17 Embedded Principles in India s STI Policy 2013 Integration of STI for value creation Interconnected Global competitiveness and National inclusiveness STI policy for People Innovation for inclusive growth should ensure access, availability and affordability Balancing Investments into science and Investment of science into the growth of the nation Symbiotic relationship among science, economics and well being of people

18 Capturing Aspirations.. Spread of scientific temper and Applications of science Making scientific careers attractive for youth Connect excellence with relevance Trigger mind set changes for value creation from knowledge Establish robust national innovation system Positioning India among the best five Enhance private sector investment into R&D Establish new PPP structures for creating value for R&D outputs New mechanisms for high risk innovations Foster cost effective innovations

19 Focus of STI policy Prioritize critical areas like agriculture, climate variability and change, communication, energy, environment, health, mat erials and water management Promote interdisciplinary research Foster use of innovations from both strategic and nonstrategic sectors of research Support innovation incubators Establish a fund for social inclusion Leverage traditional knowledge through science Support STI driven enterprises with business models Invest into young innovators through education, training

20 Sr N DST- Centre for Science Policy Research Policy Centre DST- Centre for Policy Research at IISc-Bangalore DST- Centre for Policy Research" at IIT-Delhi DST- Centre for Policy Research in S&T Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII)" Gandhinagar DST- Centre for Policy Research" at Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (Central) University, Lucknow DST- Centre for Policy Research at Panjab University, Chandigarh Specific focus/ theme Area of Policy Research Work 1. Scientometric Analysis of Indian Institutions 2. Research on Funding Patterns and Policies 3. Methods of Assessing Multi-Dimensional Impact 1. India s Innovation Mapping 2. Technology Transfer Status 3. Sectorial research study 4. Benchmarking study reports 5. Innovation s Assessment in the field of Agri Tech. 1. Understating ecosystem to promote and strengthen S&T Entrepreneurship 2. Scan International Strategy to promote S&T based Entrepreneurship and integrating inclusive growth element 3. Prospects and Constraints in Technology Commercialization by R&D Institutions in India: The Strategy Imperatives 4. Maintaining data base of high technology entrepreneurs and preparing and publishing case studies of such entrepreneurs 1. Study of policies and mechanisms for delivery of STI outputs to diverse stakeholders including innovation for social inclusion with special reference to: Sustainable agriculture; Health; Energy; Water resource management and Climate governance. 2. Map STI effectiveness in bringing social inclusion Study of policies and mechanisms that could promote to enhance and expand private sector participation in STI activities including industry - academia - R&D collaboration

21 Technology Business Incubators DST S EFFORTS IN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER DST implements various schemes for promotion of research and development including technology development. Technology Systems Development Programme Instrumentation Development Programme Advanced Manufacturing Technology Waste Management Technology Water Technology Initiative Clean Energy Research Initiative NANO Technology MISSION Technology Development Board Science and Engineering Research Board

22 DST S EFFORTS IN STRENGTHENING INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY Fund for Improvement of S&T Infrastructure in Univ. and Higher Edn. Instns (FIST) Supported more than 2000 S&T departments of Universities and related academic Institutions and 300 PG Colleges have been at various levels with investment of approximately Rs 2150 crores. Sophisticated Analytical Instruments Facilities (SAIF) Provides services of high-end equipment facilities to the researchers. Currently 18 such SAIF centres are in operational and providing services. These centres contributes about publications annually PURSE for rejuvenation of University Research - 44 performing universities supported ranging from Rs 6.0 Crores to Rs 30.0 Crores for 3 years period. Total investment plan is Rs 890 Crores. Bilateral R&D collaboration with UK (RC-UK) Both RC-UK and DST is committed to invest 31.5 M each for 26 Projects on select/chosen areas like Science Bridges, Next Generation Networks on Communication, Solar Energy Initiatives, Fuel Cell Initiatives, Smart Grid & Energy Storage, Advanced Manufacturing and Applied Mathematics.

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24 Mandatory Partnership of Universities with Industries & National Res. Labs. Universities Universities should adopt at least one industry and one Res. Lab as research partners As per UGC records, Total No. of Universities in the Country is 777 (State 356, Deemed to be 122, Central 47, & Private Universities 252)

25 Thank You