Are we ready for computer assisted living?

Transcription

1 Are we ready for computer assisted living? Tomáš Bureš CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE faculty of mathematics and physics

2 Context Example: Road Trains Autovlak, kde můžete za volantem číst noviny, už vyjel [idnes.cz, ] [FP7 project SARTRE] Application Contexts in General Smart phones and on-body systems to communicate in changing and mobile environments that offer users access to information and services while on the move; Homes, cars and offices, that offer systems and solutions for improved enjoyment, comfort, wellbeing and safety... Adapted from [ARTEMIS AWP 2012] 2

3 Priorities (EU FP7 ICT) FP7 ICT challenges: 1. Pervasive and trusted network and service infrastructures Internet of Things, Internet of Services 2. Cognitive systems and robotics 3. Alternative paths to (hardware) components and systems 4. Technologies for digital content and languages 5. ICT for health, ageing well, inclusion and governance 6. ICT for a lower carbon economy 7. ICT for the enterprise and manufacturing 8. ICT for learning and access to cultural resources [FP7 ICT WP 2013] 3

4 5 Goal of the Talk Do we know how to develop such systems (for computer assisted living )? Judging from the perspective of software design & development In particular judging from perspective of componentbased software engineering

5 Running Example: E-mobility [FP7 project ASCENS Deliverable D7.1 (VW Demonstrator)] Key Aspects Combine a number of concerns Distributed interaction Autonomy Adaptability Emergent behavior 7

6 The Focus: Software Software controls the hardware Correspondence between physical (HW) and virtual (software) world Software creates a virtual world which reflect the physical (hardware) world Both software & hardware represented as components 8

7 9 Challenges of Software How to design software with multiple concerns? Minimize development time & costs How to design software which adapts to changes in the environment (e.g. physical world)? Flexibility & predictability Key Aspects Combine a number of concerns Distributed interaction Autonomy Adaptability Emergent behavior

8 10 Challenges of Software How to design software with multiple concerns? Minimize development time & costs How to design software which adapts to changes in the environment (e.g. physical world)? Flexibility & predictability Key Aspects Combine a number of concerns Distributed interaction Autonomy Adaptability Emergent behavior

9 11 Software With Multiple Concerns Models (blueprints) each addressing particular concerns Cooperating component models Component Model Family Each component model has its own Granularity of component Composition rules Execution semantics Way of interoperability with other component models in the family Benefits: comprehensibility, less errors, easier tool support (e.g. code generation)

10 Example: Software in a Car (Stability Control) ProCom component model family ProSys communication via asynchronous exchange of messages ideal for subsystems connected to network (e.g. CAN bus) ProSave explicit data- and control-flow Bures, T., Carlson, J., Sentilles, S., Vulgarakis, A.: A Component synchronous Model Family execution for Vehicular Embedded Systems, Proceedings of ICSEA 2008, IEEE, Oct 2008 ideal for modeling a single subsystem (e.g. periodic feedback Sentilles, S., Vulgarakis, A., Bures, T., Carlson, J., Crnkovic, I.: control A Component loop) Model for Control- Intensive Distributed Embedded Systems, Proceedings of CBSE 2008, Springer Verlag, LNCS 5282, Oct 2008 (Core A) 12

11 Building Component Model Families Meta-component system a product line for component model families Produces a component model family based on selection of application domains and requirements Bureš T., Hnětynka P., Malohlava M.: Using a product line for creating component systems, Proceedings of SAC 09, ACM, March 2009 Keznikl J., Bureš T., Plášil F., Hnětynka P.: Automated Resolution of Connector Architectures Using Constraint Solving (ARCAS method), Software & Systems Modeling, Springer, ISSN: , 2012, (accepted for publication) (IF: 1.061) Malohlava M., Plášil F., Bureš T., Hnětynka P.: Interoperable DSL Families for Code Generation, Software: Practice and Experience, John Wiley & Sons, ISSN: X, April 2012 (IF: 0.519) Bureš T., Hnětynka P., Plášil F.: SOFA 2.0: Balancing Advanced Features in a Hierarchical Component Model, Proceedings of SERA 2006, IEEE CS, Aug 2006 (70+ citations) Mencl V., Bureš T.: Microcomponent-Based Component Controllers: A Foundation for Component Aspects, in Proceedings of 12th Proceedings of APSEC 2005, IEEE CS, Dec

12 14 Challenges of Software How to design software with multiple concerns? Minimize development time & costs How to design software which adapts to changes in the environment (e.g. physical world)? Flexibility & predictability Key Aspects Combine a number of concerns Distributed interaction Autonomy Adaptability Emergent behavior

13 15 Software Which Adapts to Environment Component architecture has to constantly change to reflect the situation in the physical world e.g. car ignition switch being turned from off to start position e.g. a new passenger sharing a car Definition of a component architecture contains information about how it should adapt to changes in the environment (e.g. physical world)

14 Limited Adaptation Explicit architecture Comprehensible, big picture Adaptation using modes A mode defines active components, active connections, component configuration Pop, T., Plášil, F., Outlý, M., Malohlava, M., Bureš, T.: Property Networks Allowing Oracle-based Mode-change Propagation in Hierarchical Components, Proceedings CBSE 2012, June 2012 (Core A) 16

15 Limited Adaptation Modes form a finite automaton Each state is a mode (defines component architecture) A transition is an event in the environment Going beyond when infinite number states is needed Adaptation described by reconfiguration actions associated with an event Minimal set of reconfiguration actions (orthogonal basis): create/destroy component, create/destroy connection Needed mostly in enterprise systems (user session, security context, etc.) Bureš T., Ježek P., Malohlava M., Poch T., Šerý O.: Strengthening Component Architectures by Modeling Fine-grained Entities, Proceedings Euromicro SEAA 2011, IEEE CS, August

16 Extensive Adaptation Implicit architecture For extensive adaptations including component mobility Describes architecture by giving interaction templates Architecture forms at runtime based on current state of components (including their location) Emergent behavior DEECo (developed at D3S FP7 project ASCENS) New paradigm improves existing approaches in terms of Autonomous behavior Management of components belief Keznikl J., Bureš T., Plášil F., Kit M.: Towards Dependable Emergent Ensembles of Components: The DEECo Component Model, Accepted for publication in Proceedings of WICSA/ECSA 2012, Helsinki, Finland, August 2012 (Core A) 18

17 Extensive Adaptation DEECo (VW case study) 19

18 20 Conclusion: Where Do We Stand? Mature methods for: modeling relatively static systems by components e.g. car control systems engine, brakes,... analysis of such static systems e.g. timing analysis, functional properties, combining particular families of component models (full development cycle, including code generation) e.g. control loops + subsystem communication New methods for: modeling (using components) distributed dynamic systems with emergent behavior e.g. intelligent navigation in e-mobility

19 21 Conclusion: What is Ahead of Us? We need to elaborate more on Component self-awareness and adaptation based on high-level goals and strategies Techniques and models with a proper level of abstraction for feasible testing and verification of correctness of components with emergent behavior Prediction and optimization techniques for achieving efficient use of resources by distributed adaptive components

20 22 Summary Are we ready for computer assisted living? From software perspective we are not very far and many things can be done already, we have to combine existing approaches; scale existing approaches and elaborate on new ones to address the large open systems with emergent behavior.