1856-O half dime attribution guide (for EF and higher grade coins) by Clint Cummins draft

Transcription

1 1856-O half dime attribution guide (for EF and higher grade coins) by Clint Cummins draft This guide was constructed by exhaustively checking images of 1856-O half dimes from Heritage Auctions 2009 to 2017 (ha.com), Stacks-Bowers Auctions, PCGS Registry Sets / TrueView / CoinFacts, David Lawrence Rare Coins, ebay and a few other sources. Most coins were unattributed. However, all the quality photos help to make this attribution guide possible. A short procedure was developed for accurately classifying them, and photos of key markers for each die pair and significant die states were selected. The procedure identifies the most common varieties first, so the number of steps should be minimal. After presenting the procedure, we describe each die pair in detail, including rosters of the highest grade attributed examples. Attribution Procedure 1. Horizontal date position. Use the position of the 5 relative to the skirt pendant or bulla (vertical black line on each photo). See the Attribution methods used PDF linked on the last page. By far the most common obverses are the V-2 and V-11u date far right pendant above the left edge of the 5 curve. V-1 and V-9u date far left have the pendant above the left edge of the 6. V-3 and V-10u have the pendant above the right edge of the 5 curve. V-4, V-8 and V-6 have the pendant between 5 and 6. Photos page Obverse cracks. K12 to forehead identifies V-4 and V-8. S4 west identifies V-6. Slope of crack from toe to dentils identify V-2a-c (slightly uphill), V9u (uphill), V-11u (downhill), V-4/V-8 (heavy downhill). Cracks joining stars occur on V-2, V-6, V-9u, V-10u, V-11u. Photos pages 3, 4, 6, Reverse cracks. K7-UNITED tops is V-2, V-11u and possibly V-4. K8-UNITED tops is V-3, V-8, V- 9u. Small cud at NI is V-11ub. Triangular cud between UN is V-3 LDS. Different cracks from K7 Left stem wreath distinguish V-1/V-6 and V-10u. Crack joining right ribbon and right stem is V-2 and possibly V-4. File marks at right ribbon on V-6. Photos page 8, Die lines and clashes. V-2 and V-11u have several clashes page 5. The V-6 obverse has a raised parallel diagonal line above thigh - page 7. Reverse clash under STATES OF: V-6, V-8, V-11u, p O mintmark position. Left O occurs on V-2, V-11u and V-4. Right O occurs on V-1 and V-6. Center O occurs on V-3, V-8, V-9u and V-10u. High O helps distinguish V-10u from V-3. See the Attribution methods used PDF linked on the last page for info on how to draw the quadrant + lines for the mintmark position. Photos page Repunched date. V-7 is identified by a repunched date 1856 to SW. Unfortunately I have not been able to identify an example, and the photo in Blythe (1992) does not show the under digits very well. 7. The Die Pair Table on page 11 helps summarize the key identifying obverse and reverse features of the 10 known die marriages, plus several die states. However, it is not a good starting point unless you can already identify some of the above features. 8. This 1856-O guide is based on a relatively small number of available images for some die marriages. The guide may be improved in the future with some better images, particularly of V-4 and V-7. 1

2 Obverse Date Positions photo array (zoom in high resolution) Reverse O mint mark sizes and Positions photo array (zoom in high resolution) 2

3 Obverse Cracks and Clashes Near Head and Cap Stars S7-S9 The angle of the crack from the cap to dentils is important for distinguishing V-2 from V-11u. V-2: almost level, to the East. V-11u: steep uphill, roughly NorthEast 3

4 Obverse Cracks and Clashes Left Side Stars S1-S7 These cracks are light and may not be visible in photos unless the lighting angle is just right. The main point is that they occur on several die marriages. See the next page for a comparison of the V-2 and V-11u obverse clashes. 4

5 V-2 and V-11u Obverse Clash comparison V-2a short single clash above rock V-2b short double clash, apparently added to the V-2a clash V-2c long single clash V-11ua long single clash touching both rock and hand V-11ub clash has been lapped, making it shorter 5

6 Obverse Cracks Stars Right Side 6

7 Obverse Cracks toe to dentils Toe crack slope: V-2a-c slightly uphill V-11ub slightly downhill V-4, V-8 steep downhill V-9u steep uphill V-6 raised line above thigh 7

8 Reverse Cracks - UNITED 8

9 Reverse Cracks Left Stem Reverse Cracks Right Ribbon Stem V2, V-11u V-6 file marks at Right Ribbon 9

10 Reverse clash under STATES OF 10

11 Die Pair Table (zoom in) The following pages have further details on each of the 10 known die marriages. The counts for examples, appearances, and the roster of highest grade examples are based on images downloaded from websites in late 2016 and 2017 which were of sufficiently high grade and high resolution (500 x 500 when cropped to the coin) for me to attribute them. Rarity & Attraction Summary V-1 R-5 Far left date, O right, reverse LDS crack K7 left stem wreath V-2 R-4 Far right date, level, reverse crack K7-UNITED tops, crack joins R ribbon & stem V-2a R-5 Short high clash left of Liberty, toe crack slightly uphill V-2b R-5 Short double clash left of Liberty, light crack K12 - back of head V-2c R-6 Long high clash left of Liberty V-3 R-5 Center date, reverse crack K8-UNITED tops, becomes small triangular cud between UN V-4 R-6 Heavy cracks K12 to forehead, 1 in date SW, toe downhill, O left V-6 R-5 Parallel line above thigh, obv cracks S4 W, S4-S7, S11-field, rev crack K7 L stem V-7 R-7? Repunched date 1856 SW (might be if I could see one) V-8 R-6 Heavy cracks K12 to forehead, 1 in date SW, toe downhill, reverse crack K8-UNITED V-9u R-5 Far left date, O center, obverse cracks S1-S7, S9-S13, toe uphill V-10u R-4 Obverse cracks S3-S7, S9-S13, reverse cracks K7 left stem wreath, O high V-11u R-7 Far right date, uphill, no clash V-11ua R-5 Long low clash left of Liberty V-11ub R-4 Small cud / die break from rim to between NI, smaller lapped clash, toe crack downhill 11

12 V-1 Obverse 1.1 date far left Reverse A.2 O right, crack K7 Obv. 1.1: (see V-9u for Obv. 1.2) - Date high distance from 1 to base is about half the distance from 1 to dentils - Date far left pendant above left edge of 6, photo page 2 - Date level, no cracks (see V-9u for cracks at stars and toe) - LDS clash to left and right Rev. A.2: (see V-6 for Rev. A.1) - Crack K7 left stem wreath, photo p.9 - O right, photo page 2 References: - Valentine: high date. - Note: V-9u has the same obverse (date far left), but with obverse cracks and a different reverse - R-5, 4 examples, 4 appearances 1 MS Pinnacle Rarities PCGS plate above 2 MS PCGS Registry PCGS R.S. Gore registry set 3 AU Heritage $196 NGC EF PCGS Registry PCGS JeffRM registry set 12

13 V-2 Obverse 2.1 date right, level Reverse C.1 crack Rribbon-Rstem Obv. 2.1: (see V-2a-c for later uses; see V-11u for a very similar date position) - Date middle distance from 1 to base is about equal to the distance from 1 to dentils - Date far right pendant right of left edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Date level - LDS cracks head S8 cap E, S9-S10, no crack from toe, VLDS cracks S4-S7-nose, rim to back of head Rev. C.1: (see V-11ub for Rev. C.2 radial crack dentils to NI, LDS cud, and V-4 for another use of Rev C.1) - Crack joins R ribbon R stem, crack K7 UNITED tops, photos p O left, photo p.2 References: - Valentine, A faint die break runs through the right hand stars. - R-4, 18 examples, 20 appearances for this die state. (V-2 across all die states: R-3, 31 examples) 1 MS Stack s Bowers $3525 NGC Heritage $3408 NGC Gardner listed: V-1 plate above 2 MS Heritage $1645 PCGS Gardner, ex-eliasberg listed: V-2 3 MS NGC Registry NGC Toyo Nakataro set 4 MS ebay NGC seller newbie AU Heritage $294 PCGS AU Heritage $382 PCGS David Lawrence $357 PCGS AU David Lawrence $286 ANACS and AU-53 1, AU-50 1, AU-q 1, AU-det 2, EF-45 1, EF-det 2, VF-20 1, F

14 V-2a Obverse 2.2 short 2 nd clash Reverse C.1 crack Rribbon-Rstem Obv. 2.2: (see V-2, V-2b, V-2c for other uses of Obverse 2) - Date middle distance from 1 to base is about equal to the distance from 1 to dentils - Date far right pendant right of left edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Date level - Cracks head S8 cap E, S9-S10, toe slightly uphill, S4-S7-nose, rim to back of head, photos p Short first clash to left of Liberty s arm. Lowest part nearly touches rock and is below top of shield. Rev. C.1: (see V-11ub for Rev. C.2 radial crack dentils to NI) - Crack joins R ribbon R stem, crack K7 UNITED tops, photos p O left, photo p.2 References: - Valentine, A faint die break runs through the right hand stars. - R-5, 4 examples, 4 appearances 1 MS Stack s Bowers passed NGC 2 MS PCGS forum PCGS user Vbowling299 3 MS Heritage $528 NGC plate above 4 VF-det ebay seller es_coins 14

15 V-2b Obverse 2.3 double clash Reverse C.1 crack Rribbon-Rstem Obv. 2.3: (see V-2, V-2a, 2c for other uses of Obverse 2) - Date middle distance from 1 to base is about equal to the distance from 1 to dentils, level - Date far right pendant right of left edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Cracks head S8 cap E, S9-S10, toe slightly uphill, S4-S7-nose, rim to back of head, photos p Double clash left of Liberty. Lowest part nearly touches rock. Photo p. 5 - It appears this was the second clash, and it is parallel to and slightly higher than the first clash. Rev. C.1: (see V-11ub for Rev. C.2 radial crack dentils to NI) - Crack joins R ribbon R stem, crack K7 UNITED tops, toe crack uphill, photos p O left, photo p.2 References: - Valentine, A faint die break runs through the right hand stars. - R-5, 6 examples, 9 appearances 1 MS Heritage $1410 NGC plate above MS-det Heritage $441 PCGS MS Heritage $1058 ANACS MS Heritage $646 NGC AU Heritage $235 PCGS Heritage $235 PCGS AU-det Heritage $150 ANACS EF PCGS CoinFacts PCGS EF Heritage $544 NGC CAC Newman 15

16 V-2c Obverse 2.4 long high clash Reverse C.1 crack Rribbon-Rstem Obv. 2.4: (see V-2, V-2a-b for Obv ) - Date middle distance from 1 to base is about equal to the distance from 1 to dentils - Date far right pendant right of left edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Date level - Cracks head S8 cap E, S9-S10, toe slightly uphill, S4-S7-nose, rim to back of head, photos p Long high single clash to left and right of Liberty. Starts well above the rock and several parts extend well into the field left of Liberty s arm. Photo p. 5 - Apparently the last of several clashes. Apparently the V-2b double clash was removed by lapping, and this die state followed V-2b. The main evidence for this sequence is that one V-2a example has file marks under the toe, while no V-2b or V-2c examples have them. Rev. C.1: (see V-11ub for Rev. C.2 radial crack dentils to NI) - Crack joins R ribbon R stem, crack K7 UNITED tops, photos p O left, photo p.2 References: - Valentine, A faint die break runs through the right hand stars. - R-6, 3 examples, 4 appearances 1 AU Heritage $374 ANACS AU David Lawrence $357 NGC AU PCGS CoinFacts PCGS plate above Heritage $329 PCGS

17 V-3 Obverse 3 date center Reverse B.3 crack K8-UNITED Obv. 3: (see V-10u for Obv. 5 with nearly identical date location but with cracks in stars) - Date slightly high distance from 1 to base is greater than the distance from 1 to dentils, level - Date right pendant above right edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - No cracks - LDS clash on left Rev. B.3: (see V-9u, V-8 for B.1, B.2 with lighter crack) - Heavy crack K8-UNITED tops, photos page 8 - K8 radial crack towards wreath, photos page 8 - LDS triangular cud between UN, photos page 8 - O center, photo p.2 References: - Valentine, Die crack at UN in UNITED. - Valentine (for his V-5), Flaw between UN. - R-5, 6 examples, 6 appearances 1 AU PCGS CoinFacts PCGS plate above 2 AU Heritage $282 PCGS AU Heritage $287 PCGS AU-det Heritage $56 NGC VF Collective Coin PCGS starhollow gallery 6 VF-det ebay seller coinman_

18 V-4 Obverse 4.1 crack K12-forehead Reverse C.1 O left Obv. 4.1: (see V-8 for Obv 4.2 with different reverse) - Date low distance from 1 to base is almost twice the distance from 1 to dentils - Date center pendant right of right edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Date uphill - Heavy cracks K12-forehead, toe downhill, light crack 1 in date SW, photos page 2, 3, 7 - Clash on both sides of Liberty - It is uncertain if V-4 or V-8 has the earlier Obv. 4 die states; better photos needed. Rev. C.1: (see V-2, V-2a, V-11u for more Rev. C.1 and C.2) - Not sure if the C.2 cracks are visible (images not good enough), see V-2 photos page 8 - O left, photos p.2 References: - Valentine, Cracks at 1 to milling, toe to milling and forehead to milling. - R-6, 2 examples, 2 appearances 1 AU-det Serengeti Dollars ebay seller enamored123 plate above 2 G-det ebay seller cooperscoins55 18

19 V-6 Obverse 6 line above thigh Reverse A.1 O right, crack K7 Obv. 6: - Date middle distance from 1 to base is about equal to the distance from 1 to dentils, level - Date left pendant halfway between 5 and 6, photo page 2 - Parallel raised diagonal line above thigh, photo page 7 - Cracks S4 west to dentils, S4-S7 to dentil, S8 NE, dentil-s11-field, photos page 3, 4, 6 Rev. A.1: (see V-1 for Rev. A.2) - Crack K7 left stem wreath, photo p.9 - Three die spikes on right ribbon, LDS clash ATO, photos p. 9, 10 - O right, photo page 2 References: - Breen (1958), B-6. Obv. V-4; Rev. V-1. Eliasberg. [see roster]. Breen likely meant the V-4 date position, which is close but slightly different. - R-5, 7 examples, 9 appearances 1 MS Heritage $1410 PCGS MS PCGS CoinFacts PCGS plate above 3 MS Heritage $1266 PCGS CAC ex-eliasberg 4 MS Heritage $805 PCGS CAC AU Heritage $634 NGC MS Heritage $834 PCGS Heritage $863 NGC Reiver 6,7 EF ebay 2 examples sellers chuckscoins, gncoin 19

20 V-7 [no photos available at present] Obverse 7 RPD 1856 SW Reverse? Obv. 7: - Repunched date, 1856 SW Rev.?: -? References: Breen Breen (1958), B-7. Similar to V-2, but no crack; re-cut date and stars. Eliasberg. Note: I checked the V-2 MS-65 ex-eliasberg/gardner example photo. It might show a little doubling on the left side of the 5, but I don t see it on the other digits. - Searcy (1987), Gobrecht Journal #39, p.25, 1856/1856-O. All digits are doubled on the left sides with the 185 showing the strongest evidence of doubling. The pendant falls over the right tip of the flag of the 5. [This is the V-2 date position.] - Blythe (1992), the boldly repunched date will show the under digits very plainly and to the left of each number. The pendant lines up with the right side of the 5. [This is not the V-2 date position unless he meant right tip of the flag. Blythe is also incorrect in his description of the V-2 date position.] - Blythe (1992), p.95 has a photo of a circulated coin, but I cannot see the underdigits. It shows a V-2 date position. - R-7?, no recent auction appearances (that I could identify). - Crain, LSCC 2005 Half Dime Survey, Gobrecht Journal #95, March 2006, 5 examples, the best 2 AU. 20

21 V-8 Obverse 4.2 crack K12-forehead Reverse B.2 Crack K8-UNITED Obv. 4.2: (see V-4 for Obv 4.1 with different reverse) - Date low distance from 1 to base is almost twice the distance from 1 to dentils - Date center pendant right of right edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Date uphill - Light cracks K12-forehead, toe downhill, light crack 1 in date SW, photos pages 3, 7 - Clash on both sides of Liberty - It is uncertain if V-4 or V-8 has the earlier Obverse 4 die states; better photos of V-4 are needed. Rev. B.2: (see V-9u, V-3 for B.1, B.3 with TAO clash and heavy K8-UNITED tops crack) - Light crack K8-UNITED tops, photo page 8 - Clash TAO, photo page 10 - O center, photo p.2 References: - Zitz (1994), Gobrecht Journal #60, The 1856-O V-8 Half Dime. He noted the marriage of the V-4 obverse with the V-3 reverse, and he described additional obverse and reverse cracks not listed in Valentine. He did not propose a die state progression. - R-6, 3 examples, 4 appearances. 1 MS PCGS CoinFacts PCGS plate above MS Goldberg $1150 PCGS 2 AU-det Heritage $92 ANACS Blythe 3 EF ebay $45 seller arg_collectibles 21

22 V-9u Obverse 1.2 date far left Reverse B.1 O center Obv. 1.2: (see V-1 for Obv. 1.1 with no cracks between stars) - Date high distance from 1 to base is about half the distance from 1 to dentils, level - Date far left pendant above left edge of 6, photo page 2 - Cracks S1-S7, S9-S12, toe uphill, photos page 3-7 Rev. B.1: (see V-8, V-3 for B.2, B.3 with light and heavy crack K8-UNITED tops) - O center, photo page 2 - Possible light crack K8-UN tops, photographic evidence inconclusive References: - Previously unpublished. - Very similar to V-1, but V-1 has no obverse cracks and has O right. The Valentine V-1 plate shows O right. - R-5, 7 examples, 7 appearances. 1 MS Heritage $558 NGC , NGC Registry pulver plate above 2 AU-det Heritage $123 NGC EF ebay seller drkoop923 4 EF ebay seller vtcoins 5 EF-det Heritage $50 ANACS F ebay seller palmislandcoinsandcurrency 7 F-det ebay seller thecoinsignmenthub 22

23 V-10u Obverse 5 cracks S3-S7, S9-S13 Reverse D O high Obv. 5: (very similar to V-3, but with cracks between stars) - Date middle distance from 1 to dentils is about equal to distance from 1 to base, level - Date right pendant above right edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Cracks S3-S7, S9-S13, photos pages 3, 4, 6. 2 spikes on dentil below foot, photo p. 7 - LDS crack to left side of 6 in date, noted by Gardner, current photos do not show it very clearly Rev. D: - Crack K7 L stem wreath (different from similar crack on Reverse A), photo page 9 - O high, photo p.2 References: - Previously unpublished. Similar to V-3 which has no obverse cracks and different reverse cracks. - R-4, 9 examples, 15 appearances. 1 MS Heritage $5875 PCGS Gardner listed: V-2 2 MS Heritage $517 NGC AU Great Collections $251 NGC Heritage $294 NGC Heritage $259 NGC Heritage $322 NGC AU Heritage $376 PCGS CAC Heritage $470 PCGS CAC Heritage $499 PCGS CAC and MS-? plate above, AU-55 NGC, AU-det ANACS Blythe label: V-2, VF-35 PCGS, F-det, VG-8 23

24 V-11u Obverse 8.1 date low, uphill Reverse C.1 crack Rribbon-Rstem Obv. 8.1: (see V-11ua, V-11ub for later uses) - Date low distance from 1 to base is about twice the distance from 1 to dentils - Date far right pendant right of left edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Date slopes uphill - LDS cracks head S8 cap E, S9-S10, no crack from toe, VLDS cracks S4-S7-nose, rim to back of head - No clash Rev. C.1: (see V-11ub for Rev. C.2 radial crack dentils to NI, LDS cud, and V-4 for another use of Rev C.1) - Crack joins R ribbon R stem, crack K7 UNITED tops, photos p O left, photo p.2 References: - A previously unpublished obverse die with the V-2 reverse. - The date position is very close to that of V-2 (both are far right), but the V-2 date is middle & level, while the V-11u date is low and uphill. So some coins currently attributed as V-2 may be V-11u. - This unclashed die state is presently rare, but more examples may turn up as people look for them. - R-7, 1 example, 1 appearance. (V-11u across all die states: R-3, 21 examples) 1 AU Heritage $294 PCGS plate above 24

25 V-11ua Obverse 8.2 long low clash Reverse C.1 crack Rribbon-Rstem Obv. 8.2: (see V-11u, V-11ub for other uses of Obverse 8) - Date low distance from 1 to base is about twice the distance from 1 to dentils, uphill - Date far right pendant right of left edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Cracks head S8 cap E, S9-S10, toe slightly uphill, S4-S7-nose, rim to back of head, photos p Heavy low clash to left and right of Liberty. Lowest part touches the rock and Liberty s hand equally. Rev. C.1: (see V-11ub for Rev. C.2 radial crack dentils to NI) - Crack joins R ribbon R stem, crack K7 UNITED tops, photos p Clash ATO, photo p O left, photo p.2 References: - Previously unpublished. - R-5, 5 examples, 5 appearances 1 MS Heritage $1998 PCGS CAC, PCGS CoinFacts plate above 2 AU Heritage passed NGC AU Heritage $234 NGC AU Heritage $382 PCGS G ebay seller gncoin 25

26 V-11ub Obverse 8.3 short low clash Reverse C.2 radial crack at NI Obv. 8.3: (see V-11u, V-11ua for previous uses) - Date low distance from 1 to base is about twice the distance from 1 to dentils, uphill - Date far right pendant right of left edge of lower curve of 5, photo page 2 - Cracks head S8 cap NNE, cap-s9-s13, toe downhill, S4-S7-eyebrow, photos p Lapped clash of V-11ua, at corner of rock & hand, and L of wrist, now short, photo p. 5 Rev. C.2: (see V-2, V-11u, V-11ua, V-4 for Rev. C.1 no radial crack at NI) - Crack joins R ribbon R stem, crack Left stem - K7 UNITED tops, photo p. 9 - Radial crack, dentils to between NI, becomes LDS triangular cud, photo p. 8 - O left, photo p.2 References:. - Previously unpublished. - R-4, 15 examples, 19 appearances 1 MS PCGS CoinFacts PCGS plate above Stack s Bowers $4289 NGC Heritage $5463 NGC MS PCGS CoinFacts PCGS , , AU Heritage $320 NGC AU Heritage $253 5 AU Heritage $345 PCGS CAC 6 AU Heritage $230 PCGS and 1 AU-50, 1 AU-det, 1 AU-q, 1 EF-35, 2 VF-det, 2 F-12 (lower grade examples on ebay ) 26

27 New and/or previously unpublished results in this study 1. Horizontal date position is fully specified for all obverse dies, and is usually the quickest way of identifying obverse dies (especially since V-2 and V-11u are so frequently seen). 2. Slope of crack from toe to dentils helps distinguish V-2, V-4/V-8, V-9u and V-11u. 3. Cracks connecting stars occur not just on V-2, but on V-6, V-8, V-9u, V-10u, V-11u. 4. Reverse cracks at UNITED tops occur not just on V-3 and V-8, but on V-2 and V-11u. 5. Different cracks at left and right stems help identify V-1, V-2, V-6, V-10u, V-11u. 6. Different clashes below STATES OF help identify V-6, V-8, V-11ua. 7. V-6 obverse die is a new distinct die; different from the V-4 obverse (but with similar date position). Parallel raised line above thigh identifies this obverse. 8. V-9u - a previously unpublished die marriage, very similar to V V-10u - a previously unpublished die marriage, with new obverse similar to V V-11u - a previously unpublished die marriage, with new obverse very similar to V Unofficial die states for V-2 and V-11u are listed separately. The clash patterns can be helpful for distinguishing V-2 from V-11u. Obsolete V- numbers V-5. Valentine: Small o, Flaw between UN. (unplated). No 1856-O examples with a small o have been reported since Valentine s book was published in Flaw between UN describes V-3, but this triangular cud is visible in Valentine s V-3 plate. Discussion The goal of this attribution guide is to assemble the die marriage info that I have gathered into a single place with good photos, to make attribution easier. Hopefully the photos and details provided here will help spread this knowledge. Possible future research - V-7: a photo or detailed description, including the reverse, would be very helpful. - Does V-4 or V-8 have the earlier obverse die states? (The photos I found for V-4 were not really adequate to answer this.). Photos would also help confirm that V-4 uses V-2 s reverse C. - Are any 1856-O reverses linked to 1855-O or 1854-O die marriages? 27

28 Links PCGS Auction Prices Realized PCGS Set Registry PCGS CoinFacts Heritage Auctions Stack s Bowers Galleries Pinnacle Rarities Serengeti Dollars Steinmetz Coins & Currency Liberty Seated Collectors Club Liberty Seated Half Dime Forum Gobrecht Journal archive Gobrecht Journal index and LSCC links Attribution methods used Location of this guide This guide is freely available for non-commercial distribution. Permission has been obtained from PCGS, Heritage Auctions, Stack s Bowers Galleries, Pinnacle Rarities, Serengeti Dollars, Steinmetz Coins & Currency and Alan Welty to reproduce their images. Portions of this guide may be submitted for possible publication in the Gobrecht Journal. Please send any questions, comments or corrections to me at: clint@stanford.edu. 28