Neuroprosthetics *= Hecke. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.1
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1 Neuroprosthetics *= *. Hecke MPI für Dingsbums Göttingen CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.1
2 Overview 1. Introduction CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.2
3 Overview 1. Introduction 2. Existing Neuroprosthetics CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.2
4 Overview 1. Introduction 2. Existing Neuroprosthetics 3. Research areas CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.2
5 Overview 1. Introduction 2. Existing Neuroprosthetics 3. Research areas 4. Experiments CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.2
6 Overview 1. Introduction 2. Existing Neuroprosthetics 3. Research areas 4. Experiments 5. Outlook CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.2
7 Introduction Five principles for the design of Neuroprosthetics: Nicolelis, M. A. L. (2003) Brain-machine interfaces to restore motor function and probe neural circuits. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.3
8 Introduction Five principles for the design of Neuroprosthetics: Motor information is distributedly represented Nicolelis, M. A. L. (2003) Brain-machine interfaces to restore motor function and probe neural circuits. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.3
9 Introduction Five principles for the design of Neuroprosthetics: Motor information is distributedly represented Multiple motor parameters can be extracted in real time Nicolelis, M. A. L. (2003) Brain-machine interfaces to restore motor function and probe neural circuits. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.3
10 Introduction Five principles for the design of Neuroprosthetics: Motor information is distributedly represented Multiple motor parameters can be extracted in real time Therefore recording a few hundred neurons is sufficient Nicolelis, M. A. L. (2003) Brain-machine interfaces to restore motor function and probe neural circuits. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.3
11 Introduction Five principles for the design of Neuroprosthetics: Motor information is distributedly represented Multiple motor parameters can be extracted in real time Therefore recording a few hundred neurons is sufficient It has to be taken advantage of plasticity of the structure Nicolelis, M. A. L. (2003) Brain-machine interfaces to restore motor function and probe neural circuits. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.3
12 Introduction Five principles for the design of Neuroprosthetics: Motor information is distributedly represented Multiple motor parameters can be extracted in real time Therefore recording a few hundred neurons is sufficient It has to be taken advantage of plasticity of the structure Different patterns can encode the same movement Nicolelis, M. A. L. (2003) Brain-machine interfaces to restore motor function and probe neural circuits. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.3
13 Example for NP Cochlear implants: CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.4
14 Research areas: measuring The first step is to extract information out of the brain. Black J.B., Serruya M., Bienenstock E., Gao Y., Wu W., Donoghue J. P. (2003) Connecting Brains with machines: The neural Control of 2D Cursor Movement. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.5
15 Research areas: measuring The first step is to extract information out of the brain. Black J.B., Serruya M., Bienenstock E., Gao Y., Wu W., Donoghue J. P. (2003) Connecting Brains with machines: The neural Control of 2D Cursor Movement. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.5
16 coding and decoding How is Information represented in the brain? CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.6
17 coding and decoding How is Information represented in the brain? Which algorithms can be used to decode the signals? CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.6
18 coding and decoding How is Information represented in the brain? Which algorithms can be used to decode the signals? ANN s: don t care about the representation CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.6
19 coding and decoding How is Information represented in the brain? Which algorithms can be used to decode the signals? ANN s: don t care about the representation Kalman Filters: benefit from the linear dependence of the firing rate to hand motion direction and to position and acceleration. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.6
20 actual questions User friendlyness of interfaces - as the pair hand movement - mouse pointer CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.7
21 actual questions User friendlyness of interfaces - as the pair hand movement - mouse pointer 3D-control for artificial limbs CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.7
22 actual questions User friendlyness of interfaces - as the pair hand movement - mouse pointer 3D-control for artificial limbs Mobile robot platform for wheelchairs CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.7
23 actual questions User friendlyness of interfaces - as the pair hand movement - mouse pointer 3D-control for artificial limbs Mobile robot platform for wheelchairs How many electrodes are sufficent for good control? CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.7
24 actual questions User friendlyness of interfaces - as the pair hand movement - mouse pointer 3D-control for artificial limbs Mobile robot platform for wheelchairs How many electrodes are sufficent for good control? Implants in humans? CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.7
25 Ex 1: Reaching and grasping adaptation to direct cursor control fast adaptation to the dynamics of the robotic arm -> simulation CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.8
26 perfor- Prediction mance CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.9
27 Experiments 2 Serruya et al. (2002) Instant neural control of a movement signal. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.10
28 Exp 3: Remote controlled rat Provide control signals via microelectrodes to the primary somatosensory cortex Talwar et al. (2002) Rat navigation guided by remote control. Nicolelis M. A. L. (2002) The amazing adventures of Robotrat. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.11
29 Exp 3: Remote controlled rat Provide control signals via microelectrodes to the primary somatosensory cortex either to the left or the right whisker representation, meaning "Turn left!" or "Turn right" Talwar et al. (2002) Rat navigation guided by remote control. Nicolelis M. A. L. (2002) The amazing adventures of Robotrat. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.11
30 Exp 3: Remote controlled rat Provide control signals via microelectrodes to the primary somatosensory cortex either to the left or the right whisker representation, meaning "Turn left!" or "Turn right" electrical stimulus in the medial forebrain bundle as reward for learning Talwar et al. (2002) Rat navigation guided by remote control. Nicolelis M. A. L. (2002) The amazing adventures of Robotrat. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.11
31 Exp 3: Remote controlled rat Provide control signals via microelectrodes to the primary somatosensory cortex either to the left or the right whisker representation, meaning "Turn left!" or "Turn right" electrical stimulus in the medial forebrain bundle as reward for learning locate individuals for rescuing Applications: Feedback of Neuroprosthetics to the nervous system Talwar et al. (2002) Rat navigation guided by remote control. Nicolelis M. A. L. (2002) The amazing adventures of Robotrat. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.11
32 Experiments 4 -> Video by Andrew Schwartz CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.12
33 Outlook Silver J. (1999) The Matrix. CNS-Seminar 2004 Opener p.13
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